CN105543456A - Low-consumption environment-friendly spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching process - Google Patents
Low-consumption environment-friendly spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching process Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543456A CN105543456A CN201510988495.8A CN201510988495A CN105543456A CN 105543456 A CN105543456 A CN 105543456A CN 201510988495 A CN201510988495 A CN 201510988495A CN 105543456 A CN105543456 A CN 105543456A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The invention discloses low-consumption environment-friendly spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and a quenching process and belongs to the technical field of common spring steel heat treatment quenching liquid and processes. The quenching liquid is characterized in that the quenching liquid is composed of, by mass, an antioxidant, an anti-rust agent, a preservative, a defoaming agent and the balance methoxy polyethylene glycol. According to the low-consumption environment-friendly spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and the quenching process, all the components are organically combined together, and the quenching performance of the quenching liquid can be played to the limit with the synergistic effect, namely, the defects of the quenching liquid are overcome through other functional components while the requirements for the good solubilizing performance and solubility inversing performance of basic solvent are met. When rapid oil or diesel oil quenching is replaced by the low-consumption environment-friendly spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid, the production cost is reduced and the production environment and natural resources are protected while resources are saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spring steel heat-treatment quenching liquid and Technology field, be specifically related to a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technology.
Background technology
Spring steel needs through quench treatment before processing uses, more than heat steel to critical temperature, insulation is after for some time makes to organize austenitizing, cool with the cooling rate being greater than critical cooling velocity, austenite transforms is made to be martensite, thus the complete processing of other every structure properties such as the hardness of raising steel, wear resistance, toughness and elasticity.
In spring steel prior heat treatment process, generally quenchant is used to be conventional quenching oil, this traditional oily medium quenching mode, speed of cooling is low and through hardening thickness is also very low, oil consumption is large, the operating environment of job shop is severe, and operate careless slightly namely can initiation fire hidden danger, be also unfavorable for energy-conserving and environment-protective; Although and select water-soluble quenching liquid comparatively environmental protection, often there is speed of cooling too fast, easily make workpiece ftracture and hardening liquid consumption is large, effective constituent is difficult to keep rational concentration for a long time, so that affects quenching effect.
Use water-soluble quenching liquid quenching process in, around workpiece liquid temperature raise, the effective constituent in hardening liquid from solution precipitation out, and by its wettability with the capsule form of rich water adhere on the surface of the workpiece, thus adjustment workpiece speed of cooling.After work-piece cools is got off, the polymkeric substance sticking to workpiece surface again can back dissolving in hardening liquid.Back dissolving needs certain hour, and produce in often wait totally just workpiece is taken away from hardening liquid less than polymkeric substance back dissolving.Therefore, in the liquid taken out of of workpiece the content of active substance often higher than the mean concns in hardening liquid used.For a long time, after a large amount of quenching, the relative concentration of hardening liquid is inevitable be reduced gradually, and the relative content of other binder components just increases thereupon.Therefore, back dissolving must be more abundant, and in hardening liquid, the relative minimizing of effective constituent is slower, and namely its cooling characteristic is more stable.
Given this, applicant have developed the water-soluble quenching liquid described in the art of this patent, has good inverse dissolubility, safety, environmental protection, long service life and quenching effect is excellent.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid and quenching technology, has good inverse dissolubility, safety, environmental protection, long service life and quenching effect is excellent.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid, it is characterized in that shared by comprised composition and various composition, massfraction is as follows:
Antioxidant 0.6%-0.65%;
Rust-preventive agent 1.5%-2.5%;
Sanitas 0.1%-0.35%;
Defoamer 0.2%-0.3%;
All the other are: methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
Preferably, the polymerization degree n of described methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) is 3-5.
Preferably, described antioxidant is thiodiphenylamine.
Preferably, when spring steel is when being heated to more than 800 DEG C and quenching, N selected by antioxidant, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenyl enediamine; When spring steel is when being heated to less than 800 DEG C and quenching, tertiarybutylhydroquinone selected by antioxidant.
Preferably, described rust-preventive agent is trolamine.
Preferably, described defoamer is methyl-silicone oil.
The quenching technology of a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid of the present invention, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) quenching solution is prepared
By hardening liquid and the liquid water proportions according to massfraction 2:8-3:7 in quenching bath, the temperature of quenching solution 20 ~ 40 DEG C; In quenching bath arrange mix device, described in mix device stir quenching solution make its flow velocity be 0.3-0.8 meter per second;
(2) quench
Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, and Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minute, puts into quenching solution by spring steel, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.
The quenching hardness of spring steel is not less than 54HRC, and martensitic stucture per-cent is not less than 85%, and through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the primary solvent of water-soluble quenching liquid of the present invention is methoxy poly (ethylene glycol), and it possesses very easily water-soluble speciality, and prepared hardening liquid can substitute oil base hardening liquid, and speed of cooling is suitable for and thickness of quenching can meet the user demand of spring steel.Because this hardening liquid is water-soluble base, and nontoxic pollution-free, methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) and the functional additives such as rust-preventive agent can be dissolved in hardening liquid as excellent chaotropic agent, and its decomposes product is volatile matter, can not produce the throw out of duricrust or foundry loam shape.In addition, this hardening liquid also possesses good inverse dissolubility, in spring steel quenching process, the functional substance that steam film stage and boiling stage are separated out from hardening liquid, can rapidly back dissolving in hardening liquid, even if make the present invention's life-time service, the variable quantity of its effective constituent is also much smaller compared with similar-type products.
2, patent of the present invention can select solvent based on methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) or polyoxyethylene glycol, but experiment shows, methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) possesses more excellent antioxidant property compared with polyoxyethylene glycol in hardening liquid.In order to prevent methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) from cracking occurring when high temperature further, in this hardening liquid, also with the addition of appropriate antioxidant targetedly.Thiodiphenylamine is applicable to the hardening liquid under normal condition substantially, and when the object that quenches requires higher quenching quality, can carry out examination select according to quenching temperature.When spring steel is when being heated to more than 800 DEG C and quenching, antioxidant can select N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenyl enediamine; When spring steel is when being heated to less than 800 DEG C and quenching, tertiarybutylhydroquinone selected by antioxidant.Because this formula possesses adaptability flexibly, therefore, it is possible to more convenient use.
3, each function ingredients organically combines, and under synergy, makes the quenching performance of hardening liquid perform to ultimate attainment: meeting the excellent dissolution of base solvent and inverse dissolubility while, repaiied make up a deficiency by other function ingredients.This hardening liquid is substituted rapid oil or diesel oil quenching, while economizing on resources, reduce production cost, and protect production environment and natural resources.
After 4 use book hardening liquids quench, quenching hardness is not less than 54HRC, and martensitic stucture per-cent is not less than 85%; through hardening thickness is not less than 15mm, and product is bright through quenching rear surface, without the need to for further processing; and carry one deck corrosion protection film, improve product quality.
5, the present invention operate implement time, production safety, eliminates disaster hidden-trouble, non smoke during operation, nontoxic, and non-environmental-pollution is energy-saving and cost-reducing.The present invention is through lab scale, and pilot scale, batch are manufactured experimently and produced, and obtain commercialization success, implement investment cost low, Practical Performance is good, is suitable in the industry cycle popularizing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 150 CrVA spring steel (dimensions: 500mmX24mmX90mm) marquench macrograph (magnification: 500 times).
Embodiment
By technical scheme preparation water-soluble quenching medium.Select the 50CrVA spring steel material of 16 ~ 20mm thickness.Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, and Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minute, puts into quenching solution by spring steel, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.Use HR-15A Rockwell hardometer test samples quenching hardness and tempered-hardness; With portable magnetic particle inspection apparatus, sample is detected a flaw piecewise; With NikonMA100 type metaloscope, metallographic structure observation is carried out to sample; Sample, after surface treatment, carries out fatigue test (PSJ200 mechanical fatigue test machine, maximum stress 1100MPa, pre-add distortion 62mm, amplitude ± 26mm).
Embodiment one
1) material: 50CrVA spring steel, Chemical Composition (Wt%) in table 1, conformance with standard requirement.Material specification 500mmX24mmX90mm, 500mmX25mmX90mm.Single plate spring weighs 20 ~ 25Kg, test materials gross weight 80 tons.
Table 1 experiment material chemical composition (massfraction, %)
2) in continuous oven, homogenize material is heated to quenching temperature 800 ± 10 DEG C, Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minute.
By following massfraction proportioning preparation hardening liquid:
Thiodiphenylamine (or tertiarybutylhydroquinone), 0.6%; Trolamine, 1.5%%; Sanitas, 0.1%%; Methyl-silicone oil, 0.2%%; All the other are: methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By hardening liquid and the liquid water proportions according to massfraction 2:8, solution temperature 20 DEG C.The maximum speed of cooling 120 DEG C/s of hardening liquid.Spring steel is put into quenching solution after coming out of the stove to 800 ± 10 DEG C by workpiece heat, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.Inspection hardness and non-destructive test(ing)(NDT).
3) 100% inspection hardness and flaw detection.Result is: quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure be the martensite of more than 90% as shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, without hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.Result shows, the complete through hardening of experiment spring steel, meets industry processing and operating specification.
Embodiment two
1) material: 50CrVA steel, Chemical Composition (Wt%) in table 2, conformance with standard requirement.Material specification 500mmX20mmX90mm, 500mmX24mmX90mm, 500mmX25mmX90mm.Single plate spring weighs 10 ~ 20Kg, test materials gross weight 200 tons.
Table 2 experiment material chemical composition (massfraction, %)
| C | Mn | Cr | V | Impurity |
| 0.49 | 0.60 | 0.99 | 0.14 | By standard-required |
2) in continuous oven, homogenize material is heated to quenching temperature 750 ± 10 DEG C, it is 30-40 minute that quenching adds soaking time.
By following massfraction proportioning preparation hardening liquid:
Thiodiphenylamine (or tertiarybutylhydroquinone), 0.61%; Trolamine, 1.8%; Sanitas, 0.2%; Methyl-silicone oil, 0.25%; All the other are: methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By hardening liquid and the liquid water proportions according to massfraction 2.5:7.5, solution temperature 35 DEG C.The maximum speed of cooling 120 DEG C/s of hardening liquid.Spring steel is put into quenching solution after coming out of the stove to 800 ± 10 DEG C by workpiece heat, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.Inspection hardness and non-destructive test(ing)(NDT).
3) 100% inspection hardness and flaw detection.Result is: quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure be the martensite of more than 90% as shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, without hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.Result shows, the complete through hardening of experiment spring steel, meets industry processing and operating specification.
Embodiment three
1) material: 50CrVA steel, Chemical Composition (Wt%) in table 2, conformance with standard requirement.Material specification 500mmX16mmX90mm, 500mmX18mmX90mm, 500mmX20mmX90mm.Single plate spring weighs 10 ~ 20Kg, test materials gross weight 200 tons.
Table 3 experiment material chemical composition (massfraction, %)
2) in continuous oven, homogenize material is heated to quenching temperature 950 ± 10 DEG C, Quenching Soaking Time is 30-40 minute.
Thiodiphenylamine (or N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenyl enediamine), 0.65%; Trolamine, 2.5%; Sanitas, 0.35%; Methyl-silicone oil, 0.3%; All the other are: methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
By hardening liquid and the liquid water proportions according to massfraction 3:7, solution temperature 40 DEG C.The maximum speed of cooling 120 DEG C/s of hardening liquid.Spring steel is put into quenching solution after coming out of the stove to 950 ± 10 DEG C by workpiece heat, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.Inspection hardness and non-destructive test(ing)(NDT).
3) 100% inspection hardness and flaw detection.Result is: quenching hardness >=54HRC, quenching structure be the martensite of more than 90% as shown in Figure 1, without ferritic structure, without hardening break, through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.Result shows, the complete through hardening of experiment spring steel, meets industry processing and operating specification.
It is pointed out that above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, as other functional additives such as sanitas can select the universal product in this area.For those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite meeting principle of work of the present invention, any equivalent or similar replacement all falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid, is characterized in that shared by comprised composition and various composition, massfraction is as follows:
Antioxidant 0.6%-0.65%;
Rust-preventive agent 1.5%-2.5%;
Sanitas 0.1%-0.35%;
Defoamer 0.2%-0.3%;
All the other are: methoxy poly (ethylene glycol).
2. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that the polymerization degree n of described methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) is 3-5.
3. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that described antioxidant is thiodiphenylamine.
4. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that N selected by antioxidant, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenyl enediamine when spring steel is when being heated to more than 800 DEG C and quenching; When spring steel is when being heated to less than 800 DEG C and quenching, tertiarybutylhydroquinone selected by antioxidant.
5. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rust-preventive agent is trolamine.
6. a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that described defoamer is methyl-silicone oil.
7. the quenching technology of a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) quenching solution is prepared
By hardening liquid and the liquid water proportions according to massfraction 2:8-3:7 in quenching bath, the temperature of quenching solution 20 ~ 40 DEG C; In quenching bath arrange mix device, described in mix device stir quenching solution make its flow velocity be 0.3-0.8 meter per second;
(2) quench
Spring steel is heated to 750-950 DEG C, and Holding Time at Austenitizing Temperature 30-45 minute, puts into quenching solution by spring steel, through steam film stage, boiling stage with complete quenching after the convection current stage; Then according to 450 ± 10 DEG C of insulations three hours, room temperature is cooled in atmosphere.
8. the quenching technology of a kind of low consumption environment-friendly type spring steel water-soluble quenching liquid according to claim 7, it is characterized in that the quenching hardness of spring steel is not less than 54HRC, martensitic stucture per-cent is not less than 85%, and through hardening thickness is not less than 20mm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113584265A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏通工金属科技有限公司 | High-strength antirust alloy spring steel wire |
| CN115612795A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-17 | 海安东洋弹簧有限公司 | 50CrVA material heat treatment quenching process and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113584265A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏通工金属科技有限公司 | High-strength antirust alloy spring steel wire |
| CN115612795A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-17 | 海安东洋弹簧有限公司 | 50CrVA material heat treatment quenching process and application thereof |
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