CN105543082A - Solid-state fermentation control system based on OSAL - Google Patents
Solid-state fermentation control system based on OSAL Download PDFInfo
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- CN105543082A CN105543082A CN201510922445.XA CN201510922445A CN105543082A CN 105543082 A CN105543082 A CN 105543082A CN 201510922445 A CN201510922445 A CN 201510922445A CN 105543082 A CN105543082 A CN 105543082A
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid-state fermentation control system based on an OSAL task scheduling mechanism; automatic control of solid-state fermentation is achieved through a concise, stable and low-cost way. The control system can be easily transplanted and implemented in a variety of microprocessor platforms, and a complex production process can be realized through combination of simple devices. By a special system architecture and control rules, a suitable growing environment is provided for microorganisms as far as possible in the premise without excessive stimulation on microorganism natural growth characteristics, and the microorganism self fermentation ability is fully played out, so as to obtain high-quality fermentation products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic circuit technology field, particularly a kind of implementation method of the solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, is applicable to produce multiple solid fermentation products.
Background technology
Solid state fermentation is the bioprocesses carrying out culturing micro-organisms in the insoluble solid matrix not having or almost do not have free-water.Compared with liquid state fermentation, solid state fermentation is simpler, clean production technique.In production process, hold the control of temperature, humidity and ventilation accurately, just can obtain excellent production quality.Solid state fermentation has the remarkable advantages such as less investment, energy consumption are low, production efficiency is high, low in the pollution of the environment, and in fermenting process, microorganism growth is suitable for, and abundant species, the activity of biological enzyme are high.Be usually used in the production of the biological products such as leavened food, biofuel, biological pesticide, microbiotic, zymin, foodstuff additive, closely bound up with national economy.
Along with the development of solid-state fermentation technology, and market is to the increase of high-quality leavened prod demand, and the automated production equipment of solid state fermentation continues to bring out, also more and more higher to the performance requriements of equipment.But existing a lot of production unit cannot meet the production requirement of solid state fermentation, or only when producing a certain leavened prod, showing relatively good performance, but not having intelligent.Build a kind of specially for the intelligent control system of general, succinct, the low-cost and high-performance of solid state fermentation, just seem particularly important.
OSAL is a kind of multi-task scheduling mechanism of increasing income, and has that to take resource space little, and highly versatile, easily transplants, the feature that execution efficiency is high.Due in the process of solid state fermentation, to much loaded down with trivial details control and the distribution of operation task needs be had and perform, therefore solid state fermentation Controlling System is combined with OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, effectively can improve the tasks carrying efficiency of this solid state fermentation Controlling System, thus reach more accurate, stable regulating effect.Combination simultaneously also makes this solid state fermentation Controlling System energy Rapid transplant on the equipment of different microprocessor platform, enhances versatility and the compatibility of this Controlling System.
At present, the Controlling System for solid state fermentation is also few.Existing patent, mostly is for temperature controlled system or structure, and not exclusively meets the production process of solid state fermentation.Wherein, for temperature controlled system or equipment, most angle from temperature curve, emphasizes that accurately temperature controls, and ensures the satisfactory temperature curve of medial temperature in casing.And microorganism is very fragile, any adjustment strongly all can have adverse influence to microorganism.Meanwhile, the temperature that equipment gathers, mostly is the temperature that box house point collection point gathers, and cannot actual response major part microorganism situation.Regulate the process of the temperature inside the box, be all by making local temperature first heighten or turn down, then by recirculating air, whole spin manifold temperature balanced.In temperature regulate process frequently, the microorganism of local may be damaged.
In microbial growth process, temperature does not need the compulsory temperature curve according to a certain standard to carry out, but is ensureing under the most basic comfortable growing environment, allows microorganism go growth freely.And equipment is it is desirable that coordinate the characteristic of microorganism, suitable is guided.Equipment will reduce the control to environment as much as possible, needs between environmental Kuznets Curves and microbiological property, reach a trim point.And existing most patent cannot meet this point.As patent of invention 1 (contriver: Bao Feibao, " a kind of based on PID control thermostat container ": number of patent application: 201310559669.X) described in PID thermostat container, the temperature inside the box can be ensured temperature is then freezed higher than prescribed value at a steady state value, then heat lower than prescribed value.But microorganism has the process of growth of oneself, in early growth process, any refrigeration all can cause adverse influence to microorganism, and the later stage of process of growth, any heating operation can cause adverse influence to microorganism equally.Most temperature controlling system based on PID and equipment, be not suitable for solid state fermentation and produce.Patent of invention 2 (contriver: Chen Guoguang, Yang Shuaijie, Gao Jisheng, " temperature-controlled process and device thereof ": number of patent application: refer to one 200410062630.8) and be applicable to temperature controlled method and device thereof in machine room, but only have temperature-fall period.And patent of invention 3 (contriver: Yang Suying, Gao Miaomiao, Zhong Chongquan, " a kind of SOPC adopts the programmed temperature-rising controller of fuzzy-adaptation PID control ": number of patent application: the warm-up controller 201010236667.3), can only meet temperature-rise period, its EP2C35F672 chip price used is higher simultaneously.
The temperature that solid state fermentation equipment should realize temperature-rise period controls, and the temperature that can realize temperature-fall period again controls, and also need consideration to change wind, humidification, drying etc. other control simultaneously.And all control can not be too strong, and changed the control of environment by a kind of intelligentized point of gradient, fully to meet fermentable needs, and this solid state fermentation Controlling System can realize above-mentioned functions effectively.
Summary of the invention
In microorganism growth process, there is a kind of general character to the demand of environment; And most of temperature control device is in operational process, also there is a kind of general character of operational mode.Present invention incorporates two kinds of general characters in these two fields, achieve a kind of intelligent control system of solid state fermentation.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, by mode that is succinct, stable, low cost, realize the Automated condtrol of solid state fermentation.And make this Controlling System can transplant in various microprocessor platform easily, realize, realize complicated production technique by simple equipment combination.
Meanwhile, the fermentation capacity of microorganism self, by special system architecture and control law, under not carrying out the prerequisite of overstimulation to microorganism self-sow characteristic, as much as possible for microorganism provides suitable growing environment, is brought into play by the present invention fully.
For achieving the above object, the solid state fermentation Controlling System in the present invention was realized by two megastages, and one is the intensification control stage, and two is cooling control stages.Meanwhile, in conjunction with the feature of different steps, other equipment cooperatings such as adjustment fan, humidifier etc.
The technical scheme of solid state fermentation Controlling System of the present invention comprises following three designs:
Design 1: in the intensification control stage, Controlling System progressively promotes envrionment temperature.Temperature rise period can be divided into multiple heating gradient according to user, and each heating gradient all has a target temperature value K and deviate k, and the running time T of this gradient, when envrionment temperature is lower than K-k, then starts heating; When envrionment temperature higher than K+k is, then stop heating, do not carry out refrigerating operation.In the intensification control stage, there are internal recycle wind and outer circulation wind two kinds of fan control patterns.
Design 2: in the cooling control stage, Controlling System progressively reduces envrionment temperature.Temperature-fall period can be divided into multiple falling temperature gradient according to user, and each falling temperature gradient all has a target temperature value K and deviate k, and the running time T of this gradient.When envrionment temperature is higher than K+k, then start refrigeration; When envrionment temperature lower than K-k is, then stop refrigeration, do not carry out heating operation.In the whole cooling control stage, internal recycle fan and outer circulation fan, according to two kinds of patterns, keep running status always.
Design 3: all task division, in conjunction with OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, according to the attribute such as execution content, priority of task, are multiple task layer, and then put into corresponding task in each task layer by Controlling System.Such as, for simple solid state fermentation demand, task can be divided into hardware layer and these two aspects of applied layer.Key scan task can be put in hardware layer, button disappears the task of trembling, numeral method task, heating and refrigeration equipment control task etc., and in applied layer, put into temperature acquisition task, temperature control algorithm task dispatching.After task division is good, whether first system carrys out each task layer of poll according to the priority of task layer has task to be triggered, when being polled to after certain task layer has task to be triggered, again according to the priority of task in layer, the task that the task medium priority that execution is triggered is the highest, keep correlation parameter after executing this task, then start the task poll of a new round, so repeatedly.
In above-mentioned design 1, the feature in intensification control stage is: in the intensification control stage, does not take any cooling measure.K, k and T of heating gradient can by user according to fermentation demand sets itself.In the intensification control stage, there are internal recycle wind and outer circulation wind two kinds of fan control patterns.Internal recycle fan ran in the whole intensification control stage always, and outer circulation fan is after several heating gradients complete, and just brings into operation.After outer circulation fan brings into operation, be not keep running status, but operation for some time stop for some time, by periodic duty always.The quantity of internal recycle fan and outer circulation fan can by user's sets itself, and the cycle of operation of outer circulation fan is also by user's sets itself.
In above-mentioned design 2, the feature in cooling control stage is: in the cooling control stage, do not take any temperature-boosting measure.K, k and T of falling temperature gradient can by user according to fermentation demand sets itself, and the various parameters of fan also can by user's sets itself.At whole temperature-fall period, refrigerator can not keep running status always, but operation for some time stops for some time, by periodic duty.The cycle of operation can by user's sets itself.The priority of the cycle of operation control of refrigerator is lower than temperature controlled priority, and the cycle status of refrigerator does not control with temperature and refreshes.Can effectively prevent when k value is less time, temperature is trembled near K value, and causes refrigerator operation irregularity.
In above-mentioned design 3, the Controlling System feature based on OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism is: the scheduled for executing of all tasks has all been come by OSAL mechanism, makes this Controlling System efficiently can process the loaded down with trivial details task of multinomial complexity.Add Mission Monitor mechanism simultaneously, prevent a certain task from occurring abnormal, be absorbed in endless loop.Ferment after each parameter setting, equipment can realize Automated condtrol and operation.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention does not use any refrigeration measure in the intensification control stage.In the stage of rapid microbial growth, the operation of any refrigeration all can cause certain pessimal stimulation to microorganism.And in this stage, envrionment temperature higher than assigned temperature value, then can produce active influence to fungus grown.Meanwhile, at the preliminary stage of microorganism growth, the air ambient giving mushroom one stable is particularly important, now without the need to opening outer circulation fan.And in the stage of rapid microbial growth, need again the renewal carrying out to a certain degree to internal medium.Now equipment is controlled by external air-circulating fan, makes the equilibrium state reaching an applicable fermentable between environment and external environment.In the whole intensification control stage, operating device can under prerequisite microorganism not being produced to pessimal stimulation, as much as possible for microorganism provides a comfortable growing environment.
The present invention does not use any heating measures in the cooling control stage.After fermentable enters stationary phase, equipment reduces envrionment temperature from overall trend.In this one-phase, fermentable can continue heat release, and equipment carries out cooling and controls, but unsustainable reduction temperature.Refrigerator is by the restriction of the cycle of operation, and reduction envrionment temperature progressively, under prerequisite microorganism not being produced to intense stimulus, the growth of restriction micro-organisms, reaches the best in quality of fermentation simultaneously.
This solid state fermentation Controlling System combined with OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism in the present invention, the multi-task is divided into different modules, then scheduled for executing is gone in unification.Add multiple temperature acquisition task in this Controlling System, can multi-point Temperature Collection be realized; Add temperature algorithm task, PID control, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control etc. can be realized; Add humid control task, the humidity requirement of some leavened prod to environment can be met.In actual applications, user needs to control how many well heaters, then add multiple well heater control task when designing; Needing to control how many fans, just adding multiple fan control task when designing.To all equipment, display unit, all can realize by the mode of interpolation task when designing, make this Controlling System succinct, flexibly, modularization.
The solid state fermentation Controlling System mentioned in the present invention, is very easy to realize on the chips such as 89C51, stm32, FPGA, portable strong.According to no demand, constructing system on different chips, cost-saving raising performance.
Embodiment
Multi-point temp in Controlling System Real-time Collection environment, environmentally vibrational power flow each collection point temperature weight, by each point temperature value ranking operation, obtain bulk temperature value in environment.
In the intensification control stage.In several heating gradients front, Controlling System only runs internal recycle fan task, the rear outer circulation fan task that just brings into operation.
The corresponding rly. of internal recycle fan task control, keeps normally open in the intensification control stage always.Outer circulation fan task, then after front some heating gradients terminate, starts to control corresponding rly..According to customer parameter, outer circulation fan runs for some time and just suspends for some time, keeps some cycles state to run.The ratio of working time and time out is determined according to mushroom characteristic.
Temperature value and set(ting)value after bulk temperature, compare by Controlling System in each acquisition environment.When envrionment temperature is lower than K-k, then start to perform heating tasks, open the rly. controlling heating installation; When envrionment temperature is higher than K+k, then stop heating.Meanwhile, temperature value, by display task, is presented in charactron or electrical screen by Controlling System.
In the cooling control stage.Temperature value and set(ting)value after bulk temperature, compare by Controlling System in each acquisition environment.When envrionment temperature is higher than K+k, then start to perform refrigeration duties, open the rly. controlling refrigeration equipment; When envrionment temperature is lower than K-k, then stop refrigeration.When performing refrigeration duties, often run for some time and just suspend for some time, keep some cycles state to run.The ratio of working time and time out is determined according to mushroom characteristic.
Controlling System also can be real-time carry out key scan task, once there be button to press, just perform corresponding task.Have the manufacturing parameter of a set of acquiescence in Controlling System, user also by button and display, to real-time the modifying of manufacturing parameter.
In natto production, example is applied as with this system:
Controlling System is by 3 temperature acquisition tasks, and in the collection environment using DS18B20 temp probe real-time, the temperature value of 3 points, obtains bulk temperature in environment by ranking operation.
The intensification control stage is divided into two heating gradients, then set two heating gradients in the controls, be 6 hours.In first heating gradient, K=30 DEG C, k=1 DEG C.When environment bulk temperature is lower than 29 DEG C, run heating installation; When envrionment temperature is higher than 31 DEG C, then stop heating.In this heating gradient, internal recycle fan keeps running status always, does not perform outer circulation fan task.In second heating gradient, K=55 DEG C, k=1 DEG C.Controlling System need ensure that environment bulk temperature is not less than 54 DEG C.Meanwhile, Controlling System starts to perform outer circulation fan task, one or more outer circulation fans is often worked and within 20 minutes, just stops 20 minutes.
The cooling control stage only needs the falling temperature gradient of 12 hours, K=5 DEG C, k=-1 DEG C.In this stage, Controlling System runs inside and outside air-circulating fan task simultaneously.When environment bulk temperature is higher than 6 DEG C, running refrigerating equipment; When envrionment temperature is lower than 4 DEG C, then stop refrigeration.Refrigerator often runs 20 minutes, just stops 20 minutes.
Controlling System, while each control stage running of guarantee, also achieves the real-time display of temperature, the scanning of button and simple human-computer interaction interface at other layers.This Controlling System also has higher expansibility, can add the functions such as thermograph, warning, moisture control according to customer need.
This cover Controlling System realizes on STC15F60S2 chip, and a whole set of operating device cost is below 200 yuan.
Claims (5)
1., based on a solid state fermentation Controlling System of OSAL, it is characterized in that, by OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, the Automated condtrol realizing solid state fermentation of succinct, stable, low cost; Wherein,
Described solid state fermentation Controlling System realizes solid state fermentation by two megastages, and one is the intensification control stage, and two is cooling control stages;
Described solid state fermentation Controlling System in the various stages, in conjunction with the feature of different steps, adjusts other equipment cooperatings such as fan, humidifier;
Described solid state fermentation Controlling System, by OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism, makes this Controlling System efficiently can process the loaded down with trivial details task of multinomial complexity.
2. the solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described intensification control stage specifically comprises:
In the intensification control stage, do not carry out any refrigerating operation, Controlling System progressively promotes envrionment temperature.Temperature rise period can be divided into multiple heating gradient according to user, and target setting temperature value.Then heat lower than target temperature, exceed and do not freeze.In the intensification control stage, internal recycle wind system runs always, and outer circulation wind system brings into operation after specifying the heating gradient of number to terminate.
3. the solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described cooling control stage specifically comprises:
In the cooling control stage, do not carry out any warming temperature, Controlling System progressively reduces envrionment temperature.Temperature-fall period can be divided into multiple falling temperature gradient according to user, and target setting temperature value.Then freeze higher than target temperature, do not heat lower than target temperature.Inner-outer circulation wind system runs always.
Refrigerator can not keep running status always, but operation for some time stops for some time, by periodic duty.The cycle of operation can by user's sets itself.The priority of the cycle of operation control of refrigerator is lower than temperature controlled priority, and the cycle status of refrigerator does not control with temperature and refreshes.
4. the solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described solid state fermentation Controlling System, the operating mode of OSAL Task Scheduling Mechanism specifically comprises:
According to the attribute such as execution content, priority of task, be multiple task layer by all task division, and then put into corresponding task in each task layer.After task division is good, whether first OSAL mechanism carry out each task layer of poll according to the priority of task layer has task to be triggered, when being polled to after certain task layer has task to be triggered, again according to the priority of task in layer, the task that the task medium priority that execution is triggered is the highest, keep correlation parameter after executing this task, then start the task poll of a new round, so repeatedly.
5. the solid state fermentation Controlling System based on OSAL according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps;
In the intensification control stage.In several heating gradients front, Controlling System only runs internal recycle fan task, the rear outer circulation fan task that just brings into operation.
The corresponding rly. of internal recycle fan task control, keeps normally open in the intensification control stage always.Outer circulation fan task, then after front some heating gradients terminate, starts to control corresponding rly..According to customer parameter, outer circulation fan runs for some time and just suspends for some time, keeps some cycles state to run.The ratio of working time and time out is determined according to mushroom characteristic.
Temperature value and set(ting)value after bulk temperature, compare by Controlling System in each acquisition environment.When envrionment temperature is lower than K-k, then start to perform heating tasks, open the rly. controlling heating installation; When envrionment temperature is higher than K+k, then stop heating.Meanwhile, temperature value, by display task, is presented in charactron or electrical screen by Controlling System.
In the cooling control stage.Temperature value and set(ting)value after bulk temperature, compare by Controlling System in each acquisition environment.When envrionment temperature is higher than K+k, then start to perform refrigeration duties, open the rly. controlling refrigeration equipment; When envrionment temperature is lower than K-k, then stop refrigeration.When performing refrigeration duties, often run for some time and just suspend for some time, keep some cycles state to run.The ratio of working time and time out is determined according to mushroom characteristic.
Controlling System also can be real-time carry out key scan task, once there be button to press, just perform corresponding task.Have the manufacturing parameter of a set of acquiescence in Controlling System, user also by button and display, to real-time the modifying of manufacturing parameter.
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