CN105536959A - 一种土壤样品粉碎装置 - Google Patents

一种土壤样品粉碎装置 Download PDF

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CN105536959A
CN105536959A CN201510925885.0A CN201510925885A CN105536959A CN 105536959 A CN105536959 A CN 105536959A CN 201510925885 A CN201510925885 A CN 201510925885A CN 105536959 A CN105536959 A CN 105536959A
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CN105536959B (zh
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张英鹏
李彦
刘兆辉
孙明
仲子文
井永苹
薄录吉
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/22—Crushing mills with screw-shaped crushing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明的一种土壤样品粉碎装置，包括扁平箱体，扁平箱体顶部设置有带筛孔的筛板，筛板下方的扁平箱体内设置有抽屉，筛板四周向上延伸有围挡板，筛板上方跨设有前后延伸的主纵杆，主纵杆一侧平行设置有可沿主纵杆前后滑动的副纵杆，主纵杆和副纵杆下方均竖直设置有若干相间隔的拨杆；筛板左端上方设置有平行于主纵杆的碾压杆，所碾压杆上设置有螺旋叶片。本发明的有益效果是：对土壤实现了多种处理流程，使土壤样品加工更加精确。样品损耗少、对人体健康的影响小，对环境的污染少，且在研磨的过程中能同时收集不同颗粒大小的土壤，节能清洁环保。

Description

一种土壤样品粉碎装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种土壤样品粉碎装置，属于土壤的养分分析和测定设备技术领域。
背景技术
我国是一个农业大国，仅有全球7％的耕地，但需要养活全球22％的人口，为了获得高产满足日益增长的人口需求，目前我国化肥的生产和使用均居世界首位。随着化肥的大量投入，随之带来的是肥料过量的污染问题。首先，高量的肥料投入易造成土壤养分的富集，造成土壤的富营养化。另外，氮磷养分也易随水流失，进入地下水和地表水，引起水体的富营养化。此外，设施蔬菜生产中有机肥的过量投入不仅能明显造成氮磷钾养分在土体中的积累，而且有机肥中重金属在设施菜地中不断积累，已成为设施菜地产业环境安全的重大隐患。了解土壤的氮磷养分变化以及重金属的积累情况目前是土壤、植物营养和农业环境保护研究者们的首要任务，这样才能“对症下药”，真正解决土壤的污染和环境安全问题。
土壤研磨和筛选是土壤测试分析的重要步骤，对土壤的理化分析具有重要影响。不同的理化分析实验对土壤研磨和筛选的要求不同，例如：土壤大量元素分析需要过60目筛，微量元素分析需要过200目筛。目前，土壤研磨和筛选往往是独立的两个过程，土壤在风干之后，通过机械研磨再进行人工过筛。操作繁琐、耗时长、效率低、样品损耗大且对人体和环境有污染。
发明内容
为解决以上技术上的不足，本发明提供了一种土壤样品的粉碎装置，结构简单，制造与安装简单，操作简单易行，对土样无污染，结果可靠。
本发明是通过以下措施实现的：
本发明的一种土壤样品粉碎装置，包括扁平箱体，所述扁平箱体顶部设置有带筛孔的筛板，所述筛板下方的扁平箱体内设置有抽屉，筛板四周向上延伸有围挡板，所述围挡板的前后侧壁内表面设置有滑槽，筛板上方跨设有前后延伸的主纵杆，所述主纵杆的前后两端设置有与滑槽相配合的滑轮，主纵杆一侧平行设置有可沿主纵杆前后滑动的副纵杆，主纵杆和副纵杆下方均竖直设置有若干相间隔的拨杆；筛板左端上方设置有平行于主纵杆的碾压杆，所述碾压杆两端转动连接在围挡板的前后侧壁上，并且碾压杆上设置有螺旋叶片，围挡板左端顶部铰接有侧翻盖，碾压杆右侧的围挡板后侧壁顶部铰接有上翻盖，围挡板右端设置有位于筛板上方的筛板插槽。
上述侧翻盖包括圆弧形的顶板，所述顶板左端通过铰链与围挡板左端相铰接，所述顶板右端连接有相垂直的竖板。
上述碾压杆前端穿出围挡板并连接有摇把。
本发明的有益效果是：对土壤实现了多种处理流程，使土壤样品加工更加精确。能够根据要求选择相应的筛板，同时收集不同目标大小的土壤研磨颗粒，适用范围广，应用前景好。在去杂、研磨和筛选的过程中，装置封闭性能好，样品损耗少、对人体健康的影响小，对环境的污染少，且在研磨的过程中能同时收集不同颗粒大小的土壤，节能清洁环保。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
其中：1扁平箱体，2筛板，3抽屉，4筛板插槽，5围挡板，6滑槽，7上翻盖，8主纵杆，9拨杆，10副纵杆，11碾压杆，12侧翻盖，13摇把。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的描述：
如图1所示，本发明的一种土壤样品粉碎装置，包括扁平箱体1，扁平箱体1顶部设置有带筛孔的筛板2，筛板2下方的扁平箱体1内设置有抽屉3，筛板2四周向上延伸有围挡板5，围挡板5的前后侧壁内表面设置有滑槽6，筛板2上方跨设有前后延伸的主纵杆8，主纵杆8的前后两端设置有与滑槽6相配合的滑轮，主纵杆8一侧平行设置有可沿主纵杆8前后滑动的副纵杆10，主纵杆8和副纵杆10下方均竖直设置有若干相间隔的拨杆9；筛板2左端上方设置有平行于主纵杆8的碾压杆11，所述碾压杆11两端转动连接在围挡板5的前后侧壁上，并且碾压杆11上设置有螺旋叶片，围挡板5左端顶部铰接有侧翻盖12，碾压杆11右侧的围挡板5后侧壁顶部铰接有上翻盖7，围挡板5右端设置有位于筛板2上方的筛板插槽4。侧翻盖12包括圆弧形的顶板，顶板左端通过铰链与围挡板5左端相铰接，所述顶板右端连接有相垂直的竖板。碾压杆11前端穿出围挡板5并连接有摇把13。
其工作原理为：使用时，将土壤样品放在筛板2上，然后推动主纵杆8从最右端向最左端移动，滑动副纵杆10，使主纵杆8上的拨杆9与副纵杆10上的拨杆9相交错，从而调整拨杆9之间的间隙。大颗粒的土壤由拨杆9推到左端，小颗粒的土壤从拨杆9的缝隙中漏下，一部分从筛板2的筛孔落入抽屉3内，并将成堆的样品土壤摊薄，便于拾取杂物。将侧翻盖12扣下，从而将大颗粒土壤局限在侧翻盖12里面，用手摇动摇把13，碾压杆11转动，螺旋叶片将大颗粒土壤向后推并挤碎，然后从筛板2的筛孔落入抽屉3内。不断调整主纵杆8上的拨杆9与副纵杆10上的拨杆9之间的间隙，如此循环直到粉碎完全。如果想要得到更细小的土壤，可以将带更小筛孔的筛板2从筛板插槽4插入。在颠扁平箱体1时，可以将上翻盖7盖上，以免灰尘飞扬。
以上所述仅是本专利的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本专利技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本专利的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种土壤样品粉碎装置，其特征在于：包括扁平箱体，所述扁平箱体顶部设置有带筛孔的筛板，所述筛板下方的扁平箱体内设置有抽屉，筛板四周向上延伸有围挡板，所述围挡板的前后侧壁内表面设置有滑槽，筛板上方跨设有前后延伸的主纵杆，所述主纵杆的前后两端设置有与滑槽相配合的滑轮，主纵杆一侧平行设置有可沿主纵杆前后滑动的副纵杆，主纵杆和副纵杆下方均竖直设置有若干相间隔的拨杆；筛板左端上方设置有平行于主纵杆的碾压杆，所述碾压杆两端转动连接在围挡板的前后侧壁上，并且碾压杆上设置有螺旋叶片，围挡板左端顶部铰接有侧翻盖，碾压杆右侧的围挡板后侧壁顶部铰接有上翻盖，围挡板右端设置有位于筛板上方的筛板插槽。
2.根据权利要求1所述土壤样品粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述侧翻盖包括圆弧形的顶板，所述顶板左端通过铰链与围挡板左端相铰接，所述顶板右端连接有相垂直的竖板。
3.根据权利要求1所述土壤样品粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述碾压杆前端穿出围挡板并连接有摇把。
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CN107442256A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-08 黄山市雅龙智能科技有限公司 一种可再生清洁能源加工装置
CN114347199A (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-04-15 联合优发生物质能源徐州有限公司 一种生物质颗粒原料制作竹木粉碎设备

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CN205288634U (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-06-08 山东理工职业学院 一种土壤样品研磨粉碎装置
CN205435921U (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-08-10 山东省农作物种质资源中心 一种土壤样品精细粉碎装置

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CN201497665U (zh) * 2009-08-19 2010-06-02 长沙开元仪器有限公司 一种煤炭破碎制样机的筛板机构
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107442256A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2017-12-08 黄山市雅龙智能科技有限公司 一种可再生清洁能源加工装置
CN114347199A (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-04-15 联合优发生物质能源徐州有限公司 一种生物质颗粒原料制作竹木粉碎设备
CN114347199B (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-06-24 联合优发生物质能源徐州有限公司 一种生物质颗粒原料制作竹木粉碎设备

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