CN105536418A - Dust purification device of coal bed methane gathering and transportation pipeline - Google Patents
Dust purification device of coal bed methane gathering and transportation pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN105536418A CN105536418A CN201610107241.5A CN201610107241A CN105536418A CN 105536418 A CN105536418 A CN 105536418A CN 201610107241 A CN201610107241 A CN 201610107241A CN 105536418 A CN105536418 A CN 105536418A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title abstract description 33
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
一种煤层气集输管道粉尘净化装置,包括滤筒(1)、旋风筒(2)、气包(5)、喷吹管(6)、脉冲阀(7)、气泵(8)和隔离筒(10);旋风筒的顶部为圆筒形,中上部为圆台形,中下部为漏斗形,底部连通灰斗(13);旋风筒的顶部侧壁上设置有出气口(4),中上部侧壁上设置进气口(3);滤筒固定在旋风筒中上部的顶端,滤筒内径与旋风筒的顶端口直径一致;滤筒外套有隔离筒,隔离筒的侧壁上设置有螺旋状导流板(11);喷吹管的一端设置有气包,中端设置有脉冲阀和与脉冲阀相并联的气泵,喷吹管的管口端穿过旋风筒的顶部侧壁,喷吹管的管口端设有喷嘴(9)。本发明的运行阻力低,除尘效率高,清灰周期长,在脉冲清灰过程中不引入外界气体。
A coalbed methane gathering and transportation pipeline dust purification device, comprising a filter cartridge (1), a cyclone (2), an air bag (5), an injection pipe (6), a pulse valve (7), an air pump (8) and an isolation cylinder ( 10); the top of the cyclone is cylindrical, the middle and upper part is conical, the middle and lower part is funnel-shaped, and the bottom is connected to the ash hopper (13); the top side wall of the cyclone is provided with an air outlet (4), and the middle and upper side The air inlet (3) is arranged on the wall; the filter cartridge is fixed on the top of the middle and upper part of the cyclone, and the inner diameter of the filter cartridge is consistent with the diameter of the top port of the cyclone; Flow plate (11); one end of the blowing pipe is provided with an air bag, the middle end is provided with a pulse valve and an air pump connected in parallel with the pulse valve, the nozzle end of the blowing pipe passes through the top side wall of the cyclone, and the nozzle of the blowing pipe There is a nozzle (9) at the end. The invention has low running resistance, high dust removal efficiency, long cleaning cycle, and does not introduce external air during the pulse cleaning process.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种粉尘净化装置,具体涉及一种煤层气集输管道粉尘净化装置。The invention relates to a dust purification device, in particular to a dust purification device for a coal bed gas gathering and transportation pipeline.
背景技术Background technique
煤层气从地下到地面的输送过程中常夹带有煤粉、砂石等尘粒杂质,这些固体杂质不仅会造成仪表计量的准确性,而且还会造成阀门、压缩机等组件的磨损或堵塞,从而降低煤层气集输系统的效率。During the transportation of coalbed methane from the ground to the ground, dust particles such as coal powder and sand are often carried. Reduce the efficiency of coalbed methane gathering and transportation system.
目前,煤层气集输系统大部分采用的分离过滤设备是立式过滤装置,该立式过滤装置仅对细小粉尘的分离起到重要作用。由于集输管道中的尘粒杂质具有粉尘浓度波动大和粒度分散范围广的特点,导致过滤器运行负荷很大。按照目前过滤元件工艺,通常采用的滤芯约每周需要清灰一次。由于煤层气输送管道内的气体特殊,不能引入外界气体对滤芯元件进行清灰,因此目前普遍采用更换滤芯的方式,该方式的工作量较大,运行成本高。At present, most of the separation and filtration equipment used in the coalbed methane gathering and transportation system is a vertical filter device, which only plays an important role in the separation of fine dust. Due to the dust particle impurities in the gathering and transportation pipelines have the characteristics of large fluctuations in dust concentration and a wide range of particle size dispersion, the operating load of the filter is very large. According to the current filter element technology, the commonly used filter element needs to be cleaned about once a week. Due to the special gas in the coalbed methane pipeline, outside air cannot be introduced to clean the filter elements. Therefore, the method of replacing filter elements is generally used at present. This method requires a large amount of work and high operating costs.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种煤层气集输管道粉尘净化装置,该装置可降低运行阻力,提高除尘效率,延长清灰周期,且在脉冲清灰过程中不会引入外界气体。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coalbed methane gathering and transportation pipeline dust purification device, which can reduce running resistance, improve dust removal efficiency, prolong the cleaning cycle, and will not introduce external air during the pulse cleaning process.
为实现上述目的,本煤层气集输管道粉尘净化装置,包括滤筒、旋风筒、气包、喷吹管、脉冲阀、气泵和隔离筒,所述旋风筒的顶部为圆筒形,中上部为圆台形,中下部为漏斗形,底部连通灰斗;所述旋风筒的顶部侧壁上设置有出气口,中上部侧壁上设置有进气口;所述滤筒固定在旋风筒中上部的顶端,滤筒的中心轴与旋风筒的中心轴一致,滤筒内径与旋风筒的顶端口直径一致;所述滤筒外套有隔离筒,隔离筒的侧壁上设置有螺旋状导流板;所述喷吹管的一端设置有气包,中端设置有脉冲阀和与脉冲阀相并联的气泵,喷吹管的管口端穿过旋风筒的顶部侧壁至旋风筒内,所述喷吹管的管口端设有垂直于喷吹管且喷口朝下的喷嘴。In order to achieve the above purpose, the coalbed methane gathering and transportation pipeline dust purification device includes a filter cartridge, a cyclone, an air bag, a blowing pipe, a pulse valve, an air pump and an isolation cylinder. The top of the cyclone is cylindrical, and the middle and upper parts are Conical shape, the middle and lower part is funnel-shaped, and the bottom is connected to the ash hopper; the top side wall of the cyclone is provided with an air outlet, and the middle and upper side wall is provided with an air inlet; the filter cartridge is fixed on the top of the upper middle part of the cyclone , the central axis of the filter cartridge is consistent with the central axis of the cyclone, and the inner diameter of the filter cartridge is consistent with the diameter of the top port of the cyclone; the filter cartridge is covered with an isolation cylinder, and the side wall of the isolation cylinder is provided with a spiral deflector; One end of the blowing pipe is provided with an air bag, and the middle end is provided with a pulse valve and an air pump connected in parallel with the pulse valve. The mouth end is provided with a nozzle which is perpendicular to the spray pipe and the nozzle is downward.
进一步地,所述旋风筒的中上部与中下部之间通过圆柱筒连接为一体结构,旋风筒的中下部内设置有呈漏斗形的下料锥形筒,下料锥形筒的底端与灰斗相连;下料锥形筒上端筒的外径小于圆柱筒的内径而形成环形下料通道。Further, the middle upper part and the middle lower part of the cyclone are connected as an integral structure through a cylinder, and a funnel-shaped feeding cone is arranged in the middle and lower part of the cyclone, and the bottom end of the feeding cone is connected to the bottom of the cyclone. The ash hoppers are connected; the outer diameter of the upper end of the feeding cone is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder to form a circular feeding channel.
优选的,所述下料锥形筒的斜面高度为1~3cm,下料锥形筒与旋风筒中下部的间隙至少为2cm。Preferably, the height of the slope of the discharge cone is 1-3 cm, and the gap between the discharge cone and the middle and lower part of the cyclone is at least 2 cm.
优选的,所述螺旋状导流板的螺旋升角为10°~25°,螺旋状导流板的外边缘与隔离筒之间的水平距离为隔离筒外壁与旋风筒内壁之间水平距离的1/2~2/3。Preferably, the helix angle of the spiral deflector is 10° to 25°, and the horizontal distance between the outer edge of the spiral deflector and the isolation cylinder is 10% of the horizontal distance between the outer wall of the isolation cylinder and the inner wall of the cyclone. 1/2~2/3.
优选的,所述隔离筒为上部小、下部大的锥形结构,所述锥形结构的锥角为5°~12°。Preferably, the isolation cylinder is a conical structure with a small upper part and a larger lower part, and the cone angle of the conical structure is 5°-12°.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的优点:Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1)本发明采用旋风筒内套滤筒的旋滤式除尘装置结构,含粉尘的气流首先经过旋风离心作用除去大颗粒粉尘,然后经过高效过滤作用除去小颗粒,节省空间的同时有利于提高过滤效率和延长清灰周期;(1) The present invention adopts the structure of the rotary filter type dedusting device with the filter cartridge in the cyclone. The dust-containing air flow first removes large particle dust through cyclone centrifugal action, and then removes small particles through high-efficiency filtration, which saves space and is beneficial to improve Filtration efficiency and extended cleaning cycle;
(2)本发明通过螺旋导流板环绕在外张式隔离筒的四周,增大了旋转气流的风速,从而增强了对粉尘颗粒的离心力效果;(2) The present invention surrounds the outwardly stretched isolation cylinder through a spiral deflector, which increases the wind speed of the swirling airflow, thereby enhancing the centrifugal force effect on dust particles;
(3)本发明通过在旋风筒中下部设置环形下料通道的方式进行下料,大大减少了旋风筒内贴壁下滑粉尘的再次飞扬,提高了本装置的净化效率;(3) The present invention carries out unloading by arranging an annular unloading channel in the middle and lower part of the cyclone, which greatly reduces the re-flying of the dust that adheres to the wall and slides down in the cyclone, and improves the purification efficiency of the device;
(4)本发明采用气包增压气泵与脉冲阀的并联设计,以经过滤筒净化后的气体作为压缩气源,利用喷吹管和喷嘴作为气源通道,从而保证了清灰使用的气体为集输系统内部的气体,不引入任何外界气体。(4) The present invention adopts the parallel design of the air bag booster air pump and the pulse valve, uses the gas purified by the filter cartridge as the compressed air source, and utilizes the blowing pipe and the nozzle as the air source channel, thereby ensuring that the gas used for dust removal is The gas inside the gathering system does not introduce any outside gas.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;
图2是图1的俯视图;Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
附图中:1、滤筒,2、旋风筒,2-1、圆柱筒,3、进气口,4、出气口,5、气包,6、喷吹管,7、脉冲阀,8、气泵,9、喷嘴,10、隔离筒,11、螺旋状导流板,12、下料锥形筒,13、灰斗,14、环形下料通道。In the attached drawings: 1. Filter cartridge, 2. Cyclone cylinder, 2-1. Cylindrical cylinder, 3. Air inlet, 4. Air outlet, 5. Air bag, 6. Injection pipe, 7. Pulse valve, 8. Air pump , 9, nozzle, 10, isolation tube, 11, spiral deflector, 12, feeding cone, 13, ash hopper, 14, annular feeding channel.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1和图2所示,一种煤层气集输管道粉尘净化装置,包括滤筒1、旋风筒2、气包5、喷吹管6、脉冲阀7、气泵8和隔离筒10,所述旋风筒2的顶部为圆筒形,中上部为圆台形,中下部为漏斗形,底部连通灰斗13;所述旋风筒2的顶部侧壁上设置有出气口4,中上部侧壁上设置有进气口3;As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a coalbed methane gathering and transportation pipeline dust purification device includes a filter cartridge 1, a cyclone 2, an air bag 5, a blowing pipe 6, a pulse valve 7, an air pump 8 and an isolation cylinder 10. The top of the cyclone 2 is cylindrical, the middle and upper part is truncated, the middle and lower part is funnel-shaped, and the bottom is connected to the ash hopper 13; the top side wall of the cyclone 2 is provided with an air outlet 4, and the middle and upper side wall is provided with With air inlet 3;
所述滤筒1固定在旋风筒2中上部的顶端,滤筒1的中心轴与旋风筒2的中心轴一致,滤筒1内径与旋风筒2的顶端口直径一致;所述滤筒1外套有隔离筒10,隔离筒10的侧壁上设置有螺旋状导流板11;The filter cartridge 1 is fixed on the top of the middle and upper part of the cyclone 2, the central axis of the filter cartridge 1 is consistent with the central axis of the cyclone 2, and the inner diameter of the filter cartridge 1 is consistent with the diameter of the top port of the cyclone 2; There is an isolation cylinder 10, and a spiral deflector 11 is arranged on the side wall of the isolation cylinder 10;
所述喷吹管6的一端设置有气包5,中端设置有脉冲阀7和与脉冲阀7相并联的气泵8,喷吹管6的管口端穿过旋风筒2的顶部侧壁至旋风筒2内,所述喷吹管6的管口端设有垂直于喷吹管6且喷口朝下的喷嘴9。One end of the blowing pipe 6 is provided with an air bag 5, the middle end is provided with a pulse valve 7 and an air pump 8 connected in parallel with the pulse valve 7, and the nozzle end of the blowing pipe 6 passes through the top side wall of the cyclone 2 to the cyclone 2, the nozzle end of the blowing pipe 6 is provided with a nozzle 9 perpendicular to the blowing pipe 6 and with the nozzle facing downward.
为了减少旋风筒内贴壁上的粉尘再次飞扬,所述旋风筒2的中上部与中下部之间通过圆柱筒2-1连接为一体结构,旋风筒2的中下部内设置有呈漏斗形的下料锥形筒12,下料锥形筒12的底端与灰斗13相连;下料锥形筒12上端筒的外径小于圆柱筒2-1的内径而形成环形下料通道14。In order to reduce the dust on the wall in the cyclone to fly again, the upper middle part and the lower part of the cyclone 2 are connected as one structure through the cylindrical tube 2-1, and the middle and lower part of the cyclone 2 is provided with a funnel-shaped The blanking cone 12, the bottom of the blanking cone 12 is connected with the ash hopper 13; the outer diameter of the blanking cone 12 upper end is less than the inner diameter of the cylindrical tube 2-1 to form an annular blanking channel 14.
为了使旋风筒内贴壁上的粉尘顺利地滑落至灰斗13,从而更好地防止灰尘再次飞扬,所述下料锥形筒12的斜面高度为1~3cm,下料锥形筒12与旋风筒2中下部的间隙至少为2cm。In order to make the dust on the wall in the cyclone smoothly slide down to the ash hopper 13, so as to better prevent the dust from flying again, the slope height of the feeding cone 12 is 1-3 cm, and the feeding cone 12 and The gap in the lower part of the cyclone 2 is at least 2cm.
为了增大旋转气流的风速,增强对粉尘颗粒的离心力效果,所述螺旋状导流板11的螺旋升角为10°~25°,螺旋状导流板11的外边缘与隔离筒10之间的水平距离为隔离筒10外壁与旋风筒2内壁之间水平距离的1/2~2/3。In order to increase the wind speed of the rotating air flow and enhance the centrifugal force effect on dust particles, the helix angle of the spiral deflector 11 is 10° to 25°, and the distance between the outer edge of the spiral deflector 11 and the isolation cylinder 10 is The horizontal distance is 1/2~2/3 of the horizontal distance between the outer wall of the isolation tube 10 and the inner wall of the cyclone tube 2.
为了降低局部气流阻力,所述隔离筒10为上部小、下部大的锥形结构,所述锥形结构的锥角为5°~12°。In order to reduce local airflow resistance, the isolation cylinder 10 is a conical structure with a small upper part and a larger lower part, and the cone angle of the conical structure is 5°-12°.
使用时,携带粉尘的煤层气由进气口3进入旋风筒2,在离心力和惯性力的作用下,气流环绕旋风筒2的壁面做旋转运动,并在导流板11及隔离板10外壁和旋风筒2内壁的作用下螺旋下行;含尘煤层气在旋转过程中产生离心力,使重度大于气体的粉尘颗粒克服气流阻力移向旋风筒2内壁;粉尘颗粒一旦与旋风筒2内壁接触后,便会失去惯性力而在重力及旋转流体的带动下贴壁面向下滑落。隔离筒10的外张式结构使得旋风筒2中上部的内部空间由上到下逐渐变小,气流风速在旋转向下的过程中逐渐变大,使得旋转下降的气流越往下所产生的离心力越强,粉尘颗粒与煤层气的分离效果也越好,当旋转气流到达隔离筒10的下部附近位置后,以同样的旋转方向再由下折返向上进入隔离筒10内部。气流在滤筒1和隔离筒10之间的空间内上升并逐渐进入滤筒1内,即滤筒1和隔离筒10之间的气流在滤筒1底部的位置最大,因此为了降低局部气流阻力,所述隔离筒10采用上部小、下部大的锥形结构。在旋风离心力作用下未分离的微细颗粒随着气流到达滤筒1位置,被拦截在滤筒1的外壁,干净的气流则穿过滤筒1从出气口4排出。During use, the coalbed methane carrying dust enters the cyclone 2 from the air inlet 3, and under the action of centrifugal force and inertial force, the airflow rotates around the wall of the cyclone 2, and flows between the outer walls of the deflector 11 and the separation plate 10 and Under the action of the inner wall of the cyclone 2, the spiral descends; the dusty coalbed methane generates centrifugal force during the rotation, so that the dust particles heavier than the gas move to the inner wall of the cyclone 2 against the air resistance; once the dust particles contact the inner wall of the cyclone 2, they will It will lose its inertial force and slide down against the wall under the drive of gravity and rotating fluid. The outwardly stretched structure of the isolation cylinder 10 makes the inner space of the upper part of the cyclone 2 gradually smaller from top to bottom, and the airflow velocity gradually increases during the downward rotation, so that the centrifugal force generated by the downward rotation of the airflow The stronger it is, the better the separation effect of dust particles and coalbed methane is. When the rotating airflow reaches the position near the lower part of the isolation cylinder 10, it turns back from the bottom to the upper part of the isolation cylinder 10 in the same direction of rotation. The airflow rises in the space between the filter cartridge 1 and the isolation cylinder 10 and gradually enters the filter cartridge 1, that is, the airflow between the filter cartridge 1 and the isolation cylinder 10 is the largest at the bottom of the filter cartridge 1, so in order to reduce the local airflow resistance , the isolation cylinder 10 adopts a tapered structure with a small upper part and a larger lower part. Under the centrifugal force of the cyclone, the unseparated fine particles arrive at the position of the filter cartridge 1 with the airflow, and are intercepted on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 1, and the clean airflow passes through the filter cartridge 1 and is discharged from the air outlet 4.
在离心力的作用下,脱离气流的粉尘颗粒从旋风筒2上部和中部贴壁滑落,并且逐渐增多;由于旋风筒2内气流到达底部位置后将会继续旋转并开始上升进入隔离筒10内部,即旋风筒2底部位置气流紊乱最厉害,贴壁下滑的粉尘容易被气流卷起重新飞扬,因此为了防止贴壁下滑的粉尘在旋风筒2下部被重新卷吸飞扬,所述旋风筒2的中下部设有环形下料通道14,当从上部下滑的粉尘达到圆柱筒2-1的壁面上时,受重力作用将直接通过环形下料通道14进入灰斗13。Under the action of centrifugal force, the dust particles that have escaped from the airflow slide down from the upper and middle parts of the cyclone 2 and gradually increase; since the airflow in the cyclone 2 reaches the bottom position, it will continue to rotate and begin to rise into the interior of the isolation cylinder 10, that is The air flow at the bottom of the cyclone 2 is the most turbulent, and the dust attached to the wall is easily re-flyed by the air flow. Therefore, in order to prevent the dust attached to the wall from being sucked up again at the lower part of the cyclone 2, the middle and lower parts of the cyclone 2 An annular feeding channel 14 is provided, and when the dust falling from the top reaches the wall of the cylinder 2-1, it will directly enter the ash hopper 13 through the annular feeding channel 14 under the action of gravity.
当滤筒1外壁捕集的粉尘达到一定量后,需要对滤筒1进行清灰时,启动气泵8,出气口4位置的气体从喷嘴9的位置进入到喷吹管6,然后经过气泵8增压后进入气包5;当气包5内的压力达到清灰要求时,启动脉冲阀7,蓄积在气包5内的压缩空气经喷吹管6和脉冲阀7从喷嘴9中瞬间喷出,产生的脉冲气流对滤筒1进行反吹,将滤筒1外壁捕集的粉尘吹落至灰斗13内,从而达到清灰效果。When the dust collected on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 1 reaches a certain amount, and it is necessary to clean the filter cartridge 1, the air pump 8 is started, and the gas at the air outlet 4 enters the blowing pipe 6 from the position of the nozzle 9, and then increases through the air pump 8. After pressing, it enters the air bag 5; when the pressure in the air bag 5 reaches the cleaning requirement, start the pulse valve 7, and the compressed air accumulated in the air bag 5 is ejected from the nozzle 9 instantly through the blowing pipe 6 and the pulse valve 7. The generated pulse airflow blows back the filter cartridge 1, and blows the dust collected on the outer wall of the filter cartridge 1 into the ash hopper 13, so as to achieve the dust removal effect.
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