CN1055332C - Gasifying method for coal seam - Google Patents

Gasifying method for coal seam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1055332C
CN1055332C CN95102245A CN95102245A CN1055332C CN 1055332 C CN1055332 C CN 1055332C CN 95102245 A CN95102245 A CN 95102245A CN 95102245 A CN95102245 A CN 95102245A CN 1055332 C CN1055332 C CN 1055332C
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gas
gas injection
channel
passage
gasification
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CN1112188A (en
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柴兆喜
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Priority to AU49372/96A priority patent/AU4937296A/en
Priority to PCT/CN1996/000018 priority patent/WO1996028638A1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/243Combustion in situ

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underground gasifying method for coal resources, which is characterized in that a coal seam gasifying furnace is directly constructed in a coal seam by a drill hole or a coal road at an underground coal mine or a surface mine, air injecting points continuously or periodically retrograde along with the gasifying process by using the method of drawing a pull pipe, and then the long-term stability of gasifying production is ensured so as to realize the commercialized production of the gasification of the underground coal seam. Through the embodiments of five coal seam gasifying furnaces using the method, the present invention has the advantages of convenient construction, easy control of the production process, low cost and strong applicability, and can cover various geological conditions and meet the requirements of various kinds of productivity and safety.

Description

Gasifying method for coal seam
The present invention relates to the coal resources development technique, proposed the gasification of coal in place new method.
At present, gasification of coal in place has adopted the method from ground drilling, as " connect ground vertical drilling underground gasification method " of the former Soviet Union, promptly construct the coal seam gasification stove with per 25 meters borings of punching rock stratum, sensible coal seam from ground, the way that adopts gasification furnace one by one to take over makes produces continuity.Its shortcoming is: exist boring perforation difficulty, manufacturing process to be difficult to technology, economy and environmental issues such as control, cost height, polluted underground water, more than 1,000 ten thousand tons of coals though in reaching the test in 50 years, gasified, plant-scale the commercially producing of being unrealized so far.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of in the down-hole or open coal mine, construct the coal seam gasification stove that to produce along its total length continuous gasification with the boring of infinite in length system in the coal seam or coal road, solve the problems referred to above that existing underground gasification exists, realize commercially producing of gasification of coal in place.
Design scheme of the present invention is: by drilling along the coal seam or digging coal road and arrange gas injection passage and channel of gas collection, in the gas injection passage, insert vapour gas injection pipeline, the mouth of pipe of gas injection pipeline is the gas injection point, vapour is by the mouth of pipe ejection of air injection pipe, make the coal generation oxidation reaction on the gas injection point both sides gasification rib, reduction reaction takes place then produce coal gas, coal gas flows out by the channel of gas collection in the coal seam, the gasification rib is consumed owing to coal gasifies and retreats continuously, adopt the method for trombone slide, make the gas injection point with the stepping back and retreat of gasification rib, so that the gasification rib is continuous, stable, controllably obtain the vapour supply.
The method of trombone slide injection point backing has two kinds of schemes:
1, draw gas injection pipeline recession formula injection point backing method: at the inlet end of gas injection pipeline, traction gas injection pipeline makes the gas injection pipeline in the gas injection passage be drawn out recession, makes its mouth of pipe, and promptly injection point backing is gone in the primary coal body.Traction method can adopt continuous and two kinds of methods at interval.Traction gas injection pipeline makes gas injection point and the method that the rib that gasifies retreats synchronously be " gas injection point retreats method continuously " continuously.The drop back method of a segment distance of every certain interval of time traction gas injection pipeline is " gas injection dot cycle retreat method ".
2, pulling process pipeline recession formula injection point backing method: it is to adopt the method for the gas injection pipeline that fuses piecemeal that gas injection is retreated dot cycle.Promptly at the built-in minor diameter operation pipeline of putting of gas injection pipeline, traction pull operation pipeline makes its mouth of pipe retreat the position that retreats to the expectation of gas injection point, inject flammable fluid to the operation pipeline, as silane, acetylene gas, make this fluid in the burning of the mouth of pipe place of operation pipeline, the gas injection pipeline is cut off making injection point backing.
After adopting above-mentioned trombone slide injection point backing method, the design of gas injection passage and channel of gas collection can have various ways: gas injection passage and channel of gas collection can be positioned at same passage; Perhaps two channel of gas collection symmetrical parallel are distributed in the both sides of a gas injection passage; Perhaps many equidistant, parallel gas injection passages are symmetrically distributed in channel of gas collection both sides; Can also arrange shared its middle channel of gas collection of promptly every two adjacent gas injection passages in gas injection passage and channel of gas collection space parallel, equidistant for many, equivalent.
The traction fallback mode of air injection pipe can be divided into continuously towed and towed two kinds of cycle, even gas injection point retreats or every gasification a period of time slow astern segment distance synchronously continuously with the rib that gasifies.In addition, the gas injection point also can have two kinds of designs with the relative position of gas collection point (coal gas enters channel of gas collection mouth place and is called the gas collection point): what the relative rib direction of retreat that gasifies, gas injection point were ahead of gas collection point is the forward type coal seam gasification method; Gas injection point is rear-mounted coal seam gasification method after gas collection point.
Advantage of the present invention is: provide under coal mine or opencut in the coal seam with boring or the tunnel directly construct " the coal seam gasification stove " and possibility, can realize gasifying produce long-term continuously, stable and can control, reduce the gasification cost, thereby realize commercially producing of underground gasification.This method construction is convenient, and manufacturing process is controlled easily, cost is low, applicability is strong, can adopt the gas injection passage and the channel of gas collection of various combination according to different geological conditionss.
The principle schematic of Fig. 1, reverse gas injection single channel coal seam gasification method
The principle schematic of Fig. 2, forward gas injection single channel coal seam gasification method
The principle schematic of Fig. 3, gas injection point forward type triple channel coal seam method
The principle schematic of rear-mounted triple channel coal seam gasification method is put in Fig. 4, gas injection
The principle schematic of Fig. 5, gas injection retrusive dot cycle triple channel coal seam gasification method
The principle schematic of Fig. 6, concentrated gas collection wall type coal seam gasification work plane
The principle schematic of Fig. 7, multichannel gas collection wall type coal seam gasification work plane
The injection point backing formula coal seam gasification method that the present invention proposes mainly utilizes gas injection passage and the channel of gas collection in the coal seam and places the vapour gas injection pipeline in the gas injection passage to be built into continuous-moving type coal seam gasification stove, to realize the serialization Gas Production.According to different gas injections and gas collecting mode, can constitute the application process of following several coal seam gasifications:
1, reverse gas injection single channel coal seam gasification stove and coal seam gasification method
Reverse gas injection single channel coal seam gasification stove: by a gas injection passage 1 in the coal seam (boring or tunnel) with place vapour gas injection pipeline 2 formations in the gas injection passage 1, as shown in Figure 1, gas injection passage and channel of gas collection are positioned at same passage, and the outlet of gas injection inlet and gas collection is all at the same end of gasification tunnel; The cross-sectional area of gas injection pipeline 2 be no more than gas injection passage 1 cross-sectional area 1/3rd.
Coal seam gasification method: when beginning to produce, the mouth of pipe of giving vent to anger of gas injection pipeline 2 places the end a1 point of gas injection passage 1, and gasification is produced and outwards carried out piecemeal by its inner end a1 along gas injection passage 1.Vapour is injected by gas injection pipeline 22 mouth of pipe a1, and then the a1 point is initial gas injection point, the coal generating gasification reaction on its rear gasification of coal wall 4, and the coal gas of production flows out outside gas injection pipeline 2 by gasification tunnel 1 along the direction opposite with the vapour injection direction.Adopt annealing method after gas injection dot cycle, realize gas injection point by a1 to a2, a3 ... cycle retreat, keep gasification to produce and carry out continuously along gasification tunnel 1 total length.
2, forward gas injection single channel coal seam gasification method and coal seam gasification method
Forward gas injection single channel coal seam gasification stove: by a gas injection passage in the coal seam 1 with place the vapour gas injection pipeline 2 in the gas injection passage 1 to constitute, the outlet of gas injection inlet and gas collection is respectively at the two ends of gas injection passage 1, as shown in Figure 2, the cross-sectional area of gas injection pipeline 2 be no more than gas injection passage 1 cross-sectional area 1/3rd.
Coal seam gasification method: vapour injects from the mouth of pipe a1 of gas injection pipeline 2, then generating gasification reaction on the gasification rib 4 in a1 point the place ahead, and the coal gas of production is flowed through, and gasification zone G is from the other end discharge in this section coal seam, and its flow direction is identical with the vapour injection direction.Adopt gas injection point back annealing method continuously, gasification of coal wall 4 is retreated continuously; Also can adopt annealing method after gas injection dot cycle, gasification 4 cycles of rib are retreated.
3, triple channel coal seam gasification stove and coal seam gasification method
Triple channel coal seam gasification stove: by the gas injection passage 1 in the coal seam, place two the parallel with it channel of gas collection 6 of vapour gas injection pipeline 2 and gas injection passage both sides in the gas injection passage 1 to constitute, as Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5.Gasification is produced between the both wings gasification rib 4 of connection gas injection passage 1 and channel of gas collection 6 and is carried out, and the coal gas of production is discharged by channel of gas collection 6.
Coal seam gasification method: vapour is injected by the mouth of pipe a of vapour gas injection pipeline 2, the coal generating gasification reaction on the gasification of the both wings between mouth of pipe the place ahead gas injection passage 1 and the channel of gas collection 6 rib 4, and the coal gas of production enters channel of gas collection 6 through gas collection point c and flows out.Adopt the continuous fallback mode of air injection pipe, and make gas injection point a be prepended to gas collection point c all the time, constitute gas injection point forward type triple channel coal seam gasification stove, as shown in Figure 3 with respect to the direction of retreat of gasification wall 4; Otherwise, constitute the rearmounted examination of gas injection point triple channel coal seam gasification stove, as shown in Figure 4.Adopt gas injection fallback mode dot cycle in a production cycle, gas injection point a changes into and is placed on gas injection point c by being prepended to gas collection point c, becomes gas injection retrusive dot cycle triple channel coal seam gasification stove, as shown in Figure 5.
4, concentrate gas collection wall type coal seam gasification stove and coal seam gasification method
Concentrate gas collection wall type coal seam gasification stove: constitute by vapour gas injection pipeline 2 and a concentrated channel of gas collection 6 of putting in one group in the coal seam parallel, equidistant gas injection passage 1, the gas injection passage 1, this group gas injection passage 1 is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of this channel of gas collection 6, as shown in Figure 6.Fig. 6 is example with the open coal mine, and 10 gas injection borings 1 are bored all from the construction of coal group along the coal seam tendency in channel of gas collection 6 and both sides, and the bottom connects with gallery, constitutes in " gasification opencut ".
Coal seam gasification method: vapour is injected by the gas injection pipeline in each gas injection passage 12, the rib 4 that respectively gasifies of both sides, gas injection point a the place ahead is interconnected in the b point, constitute wavy gasification face, thereby the coal gas produced of the rib 4 that respectively gasifies, flow along work plane earlier, enter in gas collection point c then and concentrate channel of gas collection 6 to discharge.During gasification is produced, can adopt the method for continuous traction injection point backing, method that also can employing cycle traction injection point backing is prepended to gas collection point c and gasifies rib tie point b but the gas injection point a of each gas injection passage is remained.
5, multichannel gas collection wall type coal seam gasification stove and coal seam gasification method
Multichannel gas collection wall type coal seam gasification stove: arrange shared its middle channel of gas collection of promptly every two adjacent gas injection passages by many in the coal seam parallel, equidistant gas injection passages 1 and channel of gas collection 6 spaces.The vapour gas injection pipeline of putting in each gas injection passage 12, as shown in Figure 7.Fig. 7 is example with the open coal mine, and gas injection boring 1 and gas collection boring 6 with roadway linking, constitute in " gasification opencut " at the bottom of the hole.
Coal seam gasification method: this method adopts any type of furnace production in parallel in aforesaid three kinds of triple channel coal seam gasification stoves, adjacent gas injection passage 1 a shared channel of gas collection 6 therebetween, thereby each rib 4 that gasifies interconnects on shared channel of gas collection 6, constitutes waveform wall type gasification face.The coal gas that the gasification rib 4 of each gas injection point both sides is produced is all discharged from adjacent channel of gas collection 6.
In above-mentioned various coal seam gasification stoves, the recession of its gas injection point also can be adopted the fusing method gas injection pipeline that fuses piecemeal, realizes that the periodic of gas injection point retreats.Promptly at the built-in minor diameter operation pipeline of putting of gas injection pipeline, drawing the pull operation pipeline at set intervals makes its mouth of pipe retreat the position that retreats to the expectation of gas injection point, and in the operation pipeline, inject flammable fluid, as silane, acetylene gas, make this fluid in the burning of the mouth of pipe place of operation pipeline, the gas injection pipeline is cut off making injection point backing.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of gasifying method for coal seam, by drilling along the coal seam or digging coal road and arrange gas injection passage (1) and channel of gas collection (6), it is characterized in that: in gas injection passage (1), insert vapour gas injection pipeline (2), the mouth of pipe (a) of gas injection pipeline (2) is the gas injection point, in the coal seam gasification process, make gas injection point (a) continuously or the cycle retreat.
2, a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the method for traction vapour gas injection pipeline (2), continuously or compartment ground pull out vapour gas injection pipeline (2), continuous or cycle of gas injection point (a) is retreated.
3, a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt the method for the gas injection pipeline that fuses piecemeal that the gas injection of gas injection pipeline is retreated dot cycle, promptly in gas injection pipeline (2), insert minor diameter operation pipeline (7) again; When desire recession gas injection point, to operate pipeline (7) and outwards pull out a segment distance, and make its mouth of pipe be in the predetermined position that retreats of gas injection point, and in operation pipeline (7), inject flammable fluid, make this fluid in the burning of the mouth of pipe place of operation pipeline, the fusing of gas injection pipeline is made injection point backing.
4, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification methods, it is characterized in that: gas injection passage (1) is positioned at same passage with channel of gas collection (6), gas injection inlet and gas collection outlet are at the same end of channel of gas collection, and the coal gas of production flows out with the direction opposite with the vapour injection direction outside gas injection pipeline (2) along channel of gas collection (6).
5, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification methods, it is characterized in that: gas injection passage (1) is positioned at same passage with channel of gas collection (6), the outlet of gas injection inlet and gas collection is respectively at the two ends of this passage, the coal gas of production through gasification zone along flowing out with the vapour identical direction of direction that flows.
6, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification methods, it is characterized in that: said gas injection passage (1) is one, said channel of gas collection (6) is two, said two channel of gas collection (6) lay respectively at said gas injection passage (1) both sides, and parallel with said gas injection passage (1), said two channel of gas collection (6) equate with distance between the gas injection passage (1); The both wings gasification ribs (4) that gasification is produced between gas injection passage (1) and channel of gas collection (6) carry out, and the coal gas of production is discharged by channel of gas collection (6).
7, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification methods, it is characterized in that: said channel of gas collection (6) is one, said gas injection passage (1) is many, said many gas injection passages (1) lay respectively at said channel of gas collection (6) both sides, and parallel with said channel of gas collection (6), the distance between the adjacent gas injection passage (1) in said many gas injection passages (1) all equates; The gas injection point (a) of each gas injection passage keeps being prepended to the gas collection point, and each rib (4) is interconnected to the wavy gasification face of retrusive, and the coal gas of its production flows along gasification face, enters channel of gas collection (6) again and discharges.
8, as claim 2 or 3 described a kind of injection point backing formula coal seam gasification methods, it is characterized in that: said gas injection passage (1) is many, said channel of gas collection (6) is many, said gas injection passage (1) and said channel of gas collection (6) are apart from one another by setting, and it is parallel with said many channel of gas collection (6), the passage adjacent with any gas injection passage (1) is channel of gas collection (6), and the passage adjacent with any channel of gas collection (6) is gas injection passage (1); Each passage all equates with distance between the adjacent passage (1) in said many gas injection passages (1): gasification is produced and is carried out on the rib that respectively gasifies (4) between gas injection passage (1) and the channel of gas collection (6), and the coal gas of production enters adjacent channel of gas collection (6) discharge.
CN95102245A 1995-03-15 1995-03-15 Gasifying method for coal seam Expired - Fee Related CN1055332C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN95102245A CN1055332C (en) 1995-03-15 1995-03-15 Gasifying method for coal seam
AU49372/96A AU4937296A (en) 1995-03-15 1996-03-14 A method of in-situ gasification of coal
PCT/CN1996/000018 WO1996028638A1 (en) 1995-03-15 1996-03-14 A method of in-situ gasification of coal

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CN1061733C (en) * 1996-06-27 2001-02-07 柴兆喜 Coal-bed gasifying method of gas-injection point backing while changing tube
CN1071368C (en) * 1996-08-02 2001-09-19 柴兆喜 Multi-pour-gathering channel alternating moving bed longwall coal seam gasification method
CN1320253C (en) * 1998-05-29 2007-06-06 柴兆喜 Mine for directly producing coal gas in coal layer and its prodn. method
CN101315026B (en) * 2008-07-01 2011-08-31 北京中矿科能煤炭地下气化技术研究中心 Underground coal gasification system and producing process
CN103670338B (en) * 2012-09-21 2016-06-15 新奥气化采煤有限公司 A kind of coal bed gas and coal mining method altogether
CN103277082B (en) * 2013-06-21 2015-10-28 河南中矿科能煤业化工有限公司 A kind of injection point backing formula underground coal gasification system and technique
CN104251133B (en) * 2013-06-26 2018-02-23 新奥科技发展有限公司 A kind of controllable gas injection point gas injection device, gas injection technology and gasification process
CN103541714B (en) * 2013-10-30 2016-06-15 新奥气化采煤有限公司 Shower nozzle and coal underground gasification method
CN103573237B (en) * 2013-11-01 2018-04-13 邓晓亮 Flexible gas injection igniter for underground gasification exploitation
CN104295282B (en) * 2014-08-12 2017-06-23 新奥科技发展有限公司 Retrusive coal seam gasification method
CN104389577B (en) * 2014-09-26 2017-10-27 新奥科技发展有限公司 Multiple spot gas injection underground gasification furnace and multiple spot gas injection underground gasification method
CN104533380B (en) * 2014-12-09 2018-01-16 新奥科技发展有限公司 Underground coal gasification system
CN104632178B (en) * 2014-12-17 2017-07-28 新奥科技发展有限公司 Retrusive is ignited expanding method
CN106761653B (en) * 2017-01-12 2023-03-14 中为(上海)能源技术有限公司 Nozzle equipment for coal underground gasification process and operation method thereof
CN107387055B (en) * 2017-09-18 2019-09-20 山东科技大学 A kind of mobile gas injection device and method suitable for underground coal gasification(UCG)
CN114718543A (en) * 2022-04-19 2022-07-08 山东科技大学 Pipeline cutting device and method for realizing underground coal gasification mobile gas injection

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