CN105527232A - Air quality grade discrimination system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Air quality grade discrimination system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105527232A CN105527232A CN201510886856.8A CN201510886856A CN105527232A CN 105527232 A CN105527232 A CN 105527232A CN 201510886856 A CN201510886856 A CN 201510886856A CN 105527232 A CN105527232 A CN 105527232A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
Abstract
The invention discloses an air quality grade discrimination system and belongs to the field of air quality grade discrimination. The system comprises a processor, which is provided with an image signal acquisition system, a blue saturation analytical calculation system, an air quality index conversion calculation system, a system manual toggle button, a liquid crystal display system and a pollution warning system. The invention also discloses a control method of the discrimination system. The system can accurately and conveniently discriminate and display air quality grade. Thus, ordinary people can learn and judge air pollution degree at real time, evaluate air quality grade and conveniently take corresponding protection measures according to different air quality grades.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air quality position discrimination system and control method, belong to air quality grade and judge field.
Background technology
Air pollution is in recent years more and more serious, affects health.People need to know air pollution degree as weather forecast, to take necessary safeguard procedures when going out.And at present the situation (being generally PM2.5 to pollute) of air quality is generally issued by specialized departments such as government organs, ordinary people is difficult to know in real time and judges air-polluting degree, be difficult to pass judgment on air quality grade, also just cannot take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency existing in prior art, a kind of air quality position discrimination system based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light and control method thereof are provided, to carry out grade discrimination display to air quality more accurately and easily, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade easily.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of air quality position discrimination system, comprise processor, described processor is provided with:
Picture signal acquisition system, comprises camera arrangement, gathers picture signal;
Blue saturation analytical calculation system, is analyzed by form and aspect H, saturation degree S and brightness B, the average blue saturation of computed image;
Air quality index conversion computing system, according to the funtcional relationship of blue saturation S and air quality index AQI, calculates average staturation numerical value, is converted to average air quality exponential quantity;
System hand switch button, with normal starting outfit;
Liquid crystal display systems, is made up of TFT display, exports analysis result;
Alarm for pollution system, provides countermeasure; Air quality grade Output rusults prompting Air Quality (outstanding, good, pollute), the warning content that if air quality is " pollution " classification, system sends " on health affect situation ", and provide " measure that suggestion is taked " to advise.
In such scheme, described processor is ARM microprocessor, PXA microcontroller or other CPLD, FPGA programmable logic device (PLD).
In such scheme, described picture signal acquisition system is COMS camera, and the pixel of camera should >=30 ten thousand pixels.
The invention provides a kind of control method of described air quality position discrimination system,
(1) system starts monitoring: by system switching, manually boot software systems, system carries out initialization, and monitors camera, LCDs connection status, guarantees that system power supply is sufficient, can normally run;
(2) image signal acquisition: by shooting push button, chooses broad sky scene, obtains picture rich in detail signal, and transfers to analytical calculation system and be further processed;
(3) picture signal process: system judges the form and aspect H scope obtaining image,
If H value is between 200 ~ 250, then nine grids process is carried out to image, the mean value of four end-point saturation S in the middle of calculating, by the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S, calculate real-time AQI, determine air quality grade further, provide reply and pollute strategy;
If H value is not between 200 ~ 250, system can send miscue, and then stops computing, retrieval system original state;
(4) result of calculation exports: system is by image, average staturation S, air quality index AQI, air quality grade, on information such as the measures that impact and the suggestion of health are taked, export LCDs to, use for reference.
In above-mentioned control method, in described step (2), when requiring to take image, core one is decided to be sky, and can not be scenery or personage.
In above-mentioned control method, in described step (3), carrying out nine grids process to image is image is divided into 3 × 3 totally 9 break area.
In above-mentioned control method, in described step (3), the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S is:
AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.
Average blue saturation S is data from image taking and calculating, and air quality index AQI monitors numerical value data from Environmental Protection Agency, the method for building up of above-mentioned funtcional relationship: use least square fitting linear regression model (LRM).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Air quality position discrimination system provided by the invention comprises filming apparatus, analytical calculation device and display device, can grade discrimination be carried out to air quality accurately and easily and show, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of air quality position discrimination system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of air quality position discrimination system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but be not limited to following examples.
Embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of air quality position discrimination system of the present invention, and processor, as the core component of device, can be the programmable logic device (PLD) such as microprocessor, microcontroller or other CPLD, FPGA.Installation diagram image signal acquisition system, blue saturation analytical calculation system and air quality index conversion computing system on processor; Manual touch-control, with normal starting outfit, by being connected with camera, gathers picture signal; Analyzed by form and aspect (H), saturation degree (S) and brightness (B), the average blue saturation of computed image; Changed by linear functional relation, calculate air quality index (AQI) when taking; By liquid crystal display systems, export analysis result, and provide countermeasure by alarm for pollution system.Judgement system of the present invention comprises:
Arm processor, described processor is provided with:
Picture signal acquisition system, comprises camera arrangement, gathers picture signal; Further, described camera arrangement is COMS camera, and the pixel of camera answers >=30 ten thousand pixels;
Blue saturation analytical calculation system, is analyzed by form and aspect H, saturation degree S and brightness B, the average blue saturation of computed image;
Air quality index conversion computing system, according to the funtcional relationship of blue saturation S and air quality index AQI, calculates average staturation numerical value, is converted to average air quality exponential quantity.
System hand switch button, with normal starting outfit;
Liquid crystal display systems, is made up of TFT display, exports analysis result;
Alarm for pollution system, provides countermeasure; Air quality grade Output rusults prompting Air Quality (outstanding, good, pollute), the warning content that if air quality is " pollution " classification, system sends " on health affect situation ", and provide " measure that suggestion is taked " to advise.
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of air quality position discrimination system of the present invention, and composition graphs 2 provides the control method of described air quality position discrimination system:
(1) system starts monitoring: by system switching, manually boot software systems, system carries out initialization, and monitors camera, LCDs connection status, guarantees that system power supply is sufficient, can normally run.
(2) image signal acquisition: by shooting push button, chooses broad sky scene, obtains picture rich in detail signal, and transfers to analytical calculation system and be further processed; When requiring to take image, core one is decided to be sky, and can not be scenery or personage.
(3) picture signal process: system judges the form and aspect H scope obtaining image,
If H value is between 200 ~ 250, then nine grids process is carried out to image, the mean value of four end-point saturation S in the middle of calculating, by the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S, calculate real-time AQI, determine air quality grade further, provide reply and pollute strategy; Carrying out nine grids process to image is image is divided into 3 × 3 totally 9 break area;
If H value is not between 200 ~ 250, system can send miscue, and then stops computing, retrieval system original state;
(4) result of calculation exports: system is by image, average staturation S, air quality index AQI, air quality grade, on information such as the measures that impact and the suggestion of health are taked, export LCDs to, use for reference.
Further, in described step (3), the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S is:
AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.
Average blue saturation S is data from image taking and calculating, and air quality index AQI monitors numerical value data from Environmental Protection Agency, the method for building up of above-mentioned funtcional relationship: use least square fitting linear regression model (LRM).This corresponding relation and relational model are obtained by a large amount of observation data the Fitting Calculation, this relational model are made to illustrating below.
The correlated results of above model testing is as follows: R is-0.810(sig=0.000), R2 is 0.655, F test value is 57.080(sig=0.000), the t test value of constant term 131.827 and coefficient-1.344 correspondence is respectively 32.115(sig=0.000) and-7.555(sig=0.000), all by 99.99% significance test, models fitting is respond well.
HSB color mode: from psychologic angle, color has three key elements: color and luster (Hue), saturation degree (Saturation) and brightness (Brightness).HSB color mode is based on a kind of color mode of people to the psychological feelings of color.It is converted to Lab pattern by RGB three primary colours, then on the basis of Lab pattern, consider people convert to this factor of the psychological feelings of color.Therefore this color mode compares the visual experience meeting people, allows people feel more directly perceived.
The value of the blueness correspondence in HSB color mode is respectively: the span of H is (200,250), and the span of B is (85,100), and the span of S is (0,100), wherein during saturation degree S value 0, is white, during S value 100, is blueness; Between 0 to 100, form the blueness of different saturation.
The result of above-mentioned relation model testing is: R is-0.810(sig=0.000), R2 is 0.655, F test value is 57.080(sig=0.000), the t test value of constant term 131.827 and coefficient-1.344 correspondence is respectively 32.115(sig=0.000) and-7.555(sig=0.000), all by 99.99% significance test, models fitting is respond well.
The meaning of above-mentioned assay: R illustrates to there is significant negative correlativing relation between AQI and S, and namely along with average blue saturation S increases, air quality index AQI value diminishes, and air quality improves.R2 reflects that S explains the ratio of AQI, and namely average blue saturation S can explain 65.5% of air quality index AQI, and with regard to single factor test, the ratio of explanation is relatively better.The goodness of fit of F test value reflection model, followed probability sig=0.000 illustrates that the goodness of fit of model is greater than 99.99%; The goodness of fit of two parameters in t test value reflection model, the two sig=0.000 also illustrates that parameter fitting goodness is greater than 99.99%.On the whole, this model more accurately can explain the relation of AQI and S.
The source of this relational model: model derive from data fitting, fitting software is SPSS, and approximating method is linear regression analysis.The raw data of matching derives from actual measurement, with Yaodu District, Linfen, time is in March, 2006 and April is that example illustrates, wherein air quality index AQI is data from Linfen Environmental Protection Agency website, and average blue saturation S calculates acquisition data from the sky photograph image on corresponding date.Raw data sees the following form 1.
The raw data of table 1 models fitting
This relational model derives from actual measurement and computer fitting, and not yet have the relational model of the two in the Research Literature of forefathers, the goodness of fit of model is greater than 99.99%, and precision is higher.Calculated the numerical value of air quality index AQI with the average blue saturation value of sky by this relationship model, then obtain current air mass grade according to air quality index AQI, accuracy improves greatly.
Particularly, described analytical calculation device calculates the average blue saturation of blueness in described sky image based on HSB color mode, be specially: described sky image is carried out nine grids process, get the HSB value of four end points of the intermediate image in nine grids, calculate the mean value of S value in described HSB value according to the HSB value of described four end points, be average blue saturation; The HSB value of wherein said four end points meets the following conditions: in HSB value, the span of H is (200,250).
Particularly, average blue saturation is the arithmetic mean of the blue saturation of picture centre part reconnaissance, can the identification accuracy of high blue saturation by this account form, and prevent from taking a part for the whole, testing result accuracy improves.
The computing method of average blue saturation are: by cam lens take sky image carry out nine grids process (namely by Photoshop software demarcation be 3 × 3 section), get the HSB value of four end points of intermediate image, calculate the mean value of S, be average staturation.As long as the HSB of described four end points meets the span of H for (200,250), the span of B is (85,100) can calculate the mean value of S, otherwise image is not blue, calculating can make mistakes, when requiring to take image, core one is decided to be sky, and can not be scenery or personage.
Referring to table 2, the numerical range of described average blue saturation S is 0-98.The numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided at least two numerical intervals, each interval corresponding different air quality index, specifically divides the corresponding relation that can provide in reference table 2.Corresponding relation between AQI and air quality grade is clear stipulaties in " ambient air quality index (AQI) technical stipulation (trying) " (HJ633-2012), namely be divided into 6 grades, index is larger, and rank is higher, illustrate that pollution is more serious, also more obvious on the impact of health.The present invention only judges outstanding, good and light contamination, be convenient to intuitive judgment air quality grade, be convenient to public understanding simultaneously, pollution one-level is all classified as light contamination, slight pollution, intermediate pollution and serious pollution, since pollute, the public just should take safeguard procedures.
Table 2
During apparatus of the present invention work, sky image is taken by cam lens, the average blue saturation of described sky image is calculated based on HSB color mode, again according to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate AQI numerical value, and then judge sky air quality grade, judged result presents over the display, air quality index AQI is less, air quality is better, carry out calculating owing to adopting the corresponding relation of average blue saturation and the air quality index AQI set up in advance to judge, overall process calculates automatically, grade discrimination display can be carried out accurately and easily to air quality, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, corresponding safeguard procedures are taked easily according to different air quality grade.
Claims (7)
1. an air quality position discrimination system, comprises processor, it is characterized in that: described processor is provided with:
Picture signal acquisition system, comprises camera arrangement, gathers picture signal;
Blue saturation analytical calculation system, is analyzed by form and aspect H, saturation degree S and brightness B, the average blue saturation of computed image;
Air quality index conversion computing system, according to the funtcional relationship of blue saturation S and air quality index AQI, calculates average staturation numerical value, is converted to average air quality exponential quantity;
System hand switch button, with normal starting outfit;
Liquid crystal display systems, is made up of TFT display, exports analysis result;
Alarm for pollution system, provides countermeasure; Air quality grade Output rusults prompting Air Quality, the warning content that if air quality is " pollution " classification, system sends " on health affect situation ", and provide " measure that suggestion is taked ".
2. air quality position discrimination system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described processor is ARM microprocessor, PXA microcontroller or other CPLD, FPGA programmable logic device (PLD).
3. air quality position discrimination system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described picture signal acquisition system is COMS camera, and the pixel of camera should >=30 ten thousand pixels.
4. a control method for the air quality position discrimination system described in any one of claim 1 ~ 3, is characterized in that:
(1) system starts monitoring: by system switching, manually boot software systems, system carries out initialization, and monitors camera, LCDs connection status, guarantees that system power supply is sufficient, can normally run;
(2) image signal acquisition: by shooting push button, chooses broad sky scene, obtains picture rich in detail signal, and transfers to analytical calculation system and be further processed;
(3) picture signal process: system judges the form and aspect H scope obtaining image,
If H value is between 200 ~ 250, then nine grids process is carried out to image, the mean value of four end-point saturation S in the middle of calculating, by the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S, calculate real-time AQI, determine air quality grade further, provide reply and pollute strategy;
If H value is not between 200 ~ 250, system can send miscue, and then stops computing, retrieval system original state;
(4) result of calculation exports: system is by image, average staturation S, air quality index AQI, air quality grade, on information such as the measures that impact and the suggestion of health are taked, export LCDs to, use for reference.
5. the control method of air quality position discrimination system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (2), and when requiring to take image, core one is decided to be sky, and can not be scenery or personage.
6. the control method of air quality position discrimination system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (3), and carrying out nine grids process to image is image is divided into 3 × 3 totally 9 break area.
7. the control method of air quality position discrimination system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (3), and the funtcional relationship of air quality index AQI and S is:
AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.
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