CN105445204A - Method for discriminating air quality grade based on lens blue light wave analysis - Google Patents
Method for discriminating air quality grade based on lens blue light wave analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for discriminating an air quality grade based on lens blue light wave analysis. The method comprises the steps of shooting the sky through a shooting device to obtain a sky image; receiving the output sky image shot by the shooting device through an analytical calculation device, calculating the average blue saturability of the sky image based on an HSB color mode, calculating the value of the current air quality index (AQI) according to the corresponding relations of the average blue saturability and an AQI established in advance to obtain the air quality grade; and displaying the current air quality grade and/or the AQI through a display device. According to the method, the air quality grade can be discriminated and displayed accurately and conveniently, so that ordinary people can obtain and judge the air pollution degree in real time, judge the air quality grade and conveniently take corresponding protective measures according to different air quality grades.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light, belong to air quality grade and judge field.
Background technology
Air pollution is in recent years more and more serious, affects health.People need to know air pollution degree as weather forecast, to take necessary safeguard procedures when going out.And at present the situation (being generally PM2.5 to pollute) of air quality is generally issued by specialized departments such as government organs, ordinary people is difficult to know in real time and judges air-polluting degree, be difficult to pass judgment on air quality grade, also just cannot take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade easily.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light, to carry out grade discrimination display to air quality more accurately and easily, make ordinary people can know air pollution degree in real time, pass judgment on air quality grade, be convenient to take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade.
A kind of air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Sky image is obtained by filming apparatus shooting sky;
Received the sky image of described filming apparatus shooting output by analytical calculation device, calculate the average blue saturation of described sky image based on HSB color mode; Described analytical calculation device is motherboard, and comprising parts has CPU, RAM, ROM, GPU;
According to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI and then obtain air quality grade;
Current air quality grade and/or air quality index AQI is shown by display device.
In above-mentioned method of discrimination, the corresponding relation of the described average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI is specially:
AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.
Above-mentioned relation formula is formed by a large amount of measured data matchings, and fitting software is SPSS, uses least square fitting linear regression model (LRM).Average blue saturation S is data from image taking and calculating, and air quality index AQI monitors numerical value data from Environmental Protection Agency.
Air quality index AQI is less, and air quality is better.
In above-mentioned method of discrimination, the numerical range of described average blue saturation S is 0-98.
Further, the numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided into two numerical intervals, each interval corresponding different air quality index: 0 ~ 23 for polluting; 24 ~ 98 for not pollute.
Further, the numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided into three numerical intervals: 0 ~ 23 represents air quality for polluting; 24 ~ 60 to represent air quality be good; 61 ~ 98 to represent air quality be outstanding.
In above-mentioned method of discrimination, the described average blue saturation calculated based on HSB color mode in described sky image, be specially: described sky image is carried out nine grids process, get the HSB value (this value is by inquiring about acquisition after Photoshop Eyedropper Tool pickup color) of four end points of the intermediate image in nine grids, calculate the mean value of S value in described HSB value according to the HSB value of four end points, be average blue saturation; The HSB value of wherein said four end points meets the following conditions: in HSB value, the span of H is 200 ~ 250.
In above-mentioned method of discrimination, described display device is LCD or light-emitting diode display.
In above-mentioned method of discrimination, described filming apparatus is camera, requires pixel >=300,000 pixels (640 × 480 pixel) of camera.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is according to the corresponding relation of blue intensity values and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI, then current air mass grade can be obtained according to air quality index AQI, carry out calculating owing to adopting the corresponding relation of average blue saturation and the air quality index AQI set up in advance to judge, overall process calculates automatically, grade discrimination display can be carried out accurately and easily to air quality, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, be convenient to take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is air quality Grade Judgment schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment, but be not limited to following examples.
First, the theoretical foundation used is made an explanation, i.e. atmospheric scattering theory and optical effect principle thereof in the present invention.When atmospheric scattering refers to that the incident air of solar radiation runs into the particles such as air molecule, dust, water dust, particle with the frequency identical with incident wave, according to certain rules again to the phenomenon of surrounding radiated electromagnetic wave.Different from the magnitude relationship of sun wavelength according to scattered particle particle diameter, scattering is divided into molecular scattering (also known as the scattering of flower bud profit) and coarse grain scattering (also known as diffusion).The formation of two class scatterings, particle type, feature and optical effect are shown in Table 1, and wherein d is scattered particle diameter, and r is solar radiation optical wavelength.
Table 1
The feature of two class scatterings shown in table 1 determines the optical effect that they produce.When there is molecular scattering, the wavelength of scattered particle (air molecule) is less than solar radiation wavelength.Because the scattering strength of air molecule and the biquadratic of wavelength are inversely proportional to, also namely lambda1-wavelength is less, and it is larger that it is scattered degree.In visible light (380nm---760nm) scope, the wavelength of royal purple light is less, and its scattering degree is comparatively large, and blood orange optical wavelength is comparatively large, therefore is seldom scattered, and almost all passes through.So scattered particle is mainly air molecule in fine day air, molecular scattering is strong, and sky is in blue.And sunrise, at sunset, because sunshine is through thick atmospheric envelope, most of royal purple light is scattered, and blood orange light then retains relatively, so sky presents red, orange.Coarse grain scattering is then there is when coarse grain (as dust, water dust, raindrop, droplet, soot etc.) contained in air is more.No matter wavelength size, all by nothing selectively scattering, makes seven look visible rays combine again, makes sky present white sunshine.At the cloudy day (vapour molecule, water dust, raindrop are more), the manufacturing district (mist, dust are more) of severe contamination, sky is always in white or containing impurity canescence.
Based on above theoretical foundation, the present invention sets up the model corresponding relation of sky blue intensity level and air quality index, carry out air quality grading based on this to judge, grade discrimination display can be carried out more accurately and easily to air quality, and then ordinary people can be known in real time judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, take corresponding safeguard procedures according to different air quality grade easily.The present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, be the air quality Grade Judgment process flow diagram based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light that the invention process exemplifies, the air quality grade discrimination device based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light comprises filming apparatus, analytical calculation device and display device.The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S101, by filming apparatus shooting sky obtain sky image;
S102, to be received the sky image that the shooting of described filming apparatus exports by analytical calculation device, calculate the blue average intensity value in described sky image in RGB;
S103, by the corresponding relation of analytical calculation device according to the blue intensity values set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI and then obtain air quality grade;
S104, show current air quality grade and/or air quality index AQI by display device.
The present invention obtains sky image by shooting sky, the average blue saturation of described sky image is calculated based on HSB color mode, again according to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI and then obtain air quality grade, then showing current air quality grade and/or air quality index AQI.Air quality index AQI is less, and air quality is better.According to the corresponding relation of average blue saturation and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI, then current air mass grade can be obtained according to air quality index AQI, carry out calculating owing to adopting the corresponding relation of average blue saturation and the air quality index AQI set up in advance to judge, overall process calculates automatically, can grade discrimination be carried out to air quality accurately and easily and show, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, corresponding safeguard procedures are taked easily according to different air quality grade.
Particularly, described display device is LCD or light-emitting diode display, is connected with described analytical calculation device.Described filming apparatus is camera, and described camera is connected with described analytical calculation device (as programmable logic device (PLD) such as microprocessor, microcontroller or other CPLD, FPGA).This device comprises backboard and panel, and described camera is arranged on backboard, and described display is arranged on panel, and described analytical calculation device is arranged in housing.Analytical calculation device can control camera and take, and according to the sky image that camera is taken, the average blue saturation of described sky image is calculated based on HSB color mode, again according to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI and then obtain air quality grade.Display device can be touch-screen display, can receive user input operational order thus trigging control camera take pictures.Make this device can operate as mobile phone like this, ease for use is good, simple and convenient portable.
Wherein, the corresponding relation (i.e. relational model) of the described average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI is specially: AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.This corresponding relation and relational model are obtained by a large amount of observation data the Fitting Calculation, this relational model are made to illustrating below.
The correlated results of above model testing is as follows: R is-0.810(sig=0.000), R2 is 0.655, F test value is 57.080(sig=0.000), the t test value of constant term 131.827 and coefficient-1.344 correspondence is respectively 32.115(sig=0.000) and-7.555(sig=0.000), all by 99.99% significance test, models fitting is respond well.
HSB color mode: from psychologic angle, color has three key elements: color and luster (Hue), saturation degree (Saturation) and brightness (Brightness).HSB color mode is based on a kind of color mode of people to the psychological feelings of color.It is converted to Lab pattern by RGB three primary colours, then on the basis of Lab pattern, consider people convert to this factor of the psychological feelings of color.Therefore this color mode compares the visual experience meeting people, allows people feel more directly perceived.
The value of the blueness correspondence in HSB color mode is respectively: the span of H is (200,250), and the span of B is (85,100), and the span of S is (0,100), wherein during saturation degree S value 0, is white, during S value 100, is blueness; Between 0 to 100, form the blueness of different saturation.
The result of above-mentioned relation model testing is: R is-0.810(sig=0.000), R2 is 0.655, F test value is 57.080(sig=0.000), the t test value of constant term 131.827 and coefficient-1.344 correspondence is respectively 32.115(sig=0.000) and-7.555(sig=0.000), all by 99.99% significance test, models fitting is respond well.
The meaning of above-mentioned assay: R illustrates to there is significant negative correlativing relation between AQI and S, and namely along with average blue saturation S increases, air quality index AQI value diminishes, and air quality improves.R2 reflects that S explains the ratio of AQI, and namely average blue saturation S can explain 65.5% of air quality index AQI, and with regard to single factor test, the ratio of explanation is relatively better.The goodness of fit of F test value reflection model, followed probability sig=0.000 illustrates that the goodness of fit of model is greater than 99.99%; The goodness of fit of two parameters in t test value reflection model, the two sig=0.000 also illustrates that parameter fitting goodness is greater than 99.99%.On the whole, this model more accurately can explain the relation of AQI and S.
The source of this relational model: model derive from data fitting, fitting software is SPSS, and approximating method is linear regression analysis.The raw data of matching derives from actual measurement, with Yaodu District, Linfen, time is in March, 2006 and April is that example illustrates, wherein air quality index AQI is data from Linfen Environmental Protection Agency website, and average blue saturation S calculates acquisition data from the sky photograph image on corresponding date.Raw data sees the following form 2.
The raw data of table 2 models fitting
This relational model derives from actual measurement and computer fitting, and not yet have the relational model of the two in the Research Literature of forefathers, the goodness of fit of model is greater than 99.99%, and precision is higher.Calculated the numerical value of air quality index AQI with the average blue saturation value of sky by this relationship model, then obtain current air mass grade according to air quality index AQI, accuracy improves greatly.
Particularly, described analytical calculation device calculates the average blue saturation of blueness in described sky image based on HSB color mode, be specially: described sky image is carried out nine grids process, get the HSB value of four end points of the intermediate image in nine grids, calculate the mean value of S value in described HSB value according to the HSB value of described four end points, be average blue saturation; The HSB value of wherein said four end points meets the following conditions: in HSB value, the span of H is (200,250).
Particularly, average blue saturation is the arithmetic mean of the blue saturation of picture centre part reconnaissance, can the identification accuracy of high blue saturation by this account form, and prevent from taking a part for the whole, testing result accuracy improves.
The computing method of average blue saturation are: by cam lens take sky image carry out nine grids process (namely by Photoshop software demarcation be 3 × 3 section), get the HSB value of four end points of intermediate image, calculate the mean value of S, be average staturation.As long as the HSB of described four end points meets the span of H for (200,250), the span of B is (85,100) can calculate the mean value of S, otherwise image is not blue, calculating can make mistakes, when requiring to take image, core one is decided to be sky, and can not be scenery or personage.
Referring to table 3, the numerical range of described average blue saturation S is 0-98.The numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided at least two numerical intervals, each interval corresponding different air quality index, specifically divides the corresponding relation that can provide in reference table 3.Corresponding relation between AQI and air quality grade is clear stipulaties in " ambient air quality index (AQI) technical stipulation (trying) " (HJ633-2012), namely be divided into 6 grades, index is larger, and rank is higher, illustrate that pollution is more serious, also more obvious on the impact of health.The present invention only judges outstanding, good and light contamination, be convenient to intuitive judgment air quality grade, be convenient to public understanding simultaneously, pollution one-level is all classified as light contamination, slight pollution, intermediate pollution and serious pollution, since pollute, the public just should take safeguard procedures.
Table 3
During apparatus of the present invention work, sky image is taken by cam lens, the average blue saturation of described sky image is calculated based on HSB color mode, again according to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate AQI numerical value, and then judge sky air quality grade, judged result presents over the display, air quality index AQI is less, air quality is better, carry out calculating owing to adopting the corresponding relation of average blue saturation and the air quality index AQI set up in advance to judge, overall process calculates automatically, grade discrimination display can be carried out accurately and easily to air quality, ordinary people can be known in real time and judge air-polluting degree, pass judgment on air quality grade, corresponding safeguard procedures are taked easily according to different air quality grade.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, but the present invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, in the spirit and scope situation of claim not departing from the application, those skilled in the art can make various amendment or remodeling.
Claims (9)
1., based on an air quality Grade Judgment for camera lens blue light wave analysis, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Sky image is obtained by filming apparatus shooting sky;
Received the sky image of described filming apparatus shooting output by analytical calculation device, calculate the average blue saturation of described sky image based on HSB color mode;
According to the corresponding relation of the average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI, calculate the numerical value of current air mass Index A QI and then obtain air quality grade;
Current air quality grade and/or air quality index AQI is shown by display device.
2. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the corresponding relation of the described average blue saturation set up in advance and air quality index AQI is specially:
AQI=131.839-1.345*S, wherein, AQI is air quality index, and S is average blue saturation.
3. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the numerical range of described average blue saturation S is 0-98.
4. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided into two numerical intervals: each interval corresponding different air quality index: 0 ~ 23 for polluting; 24 ~ 98 for not pollute.
5. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the numerical range 0-98 of described average blue saturation S is divided into three numerical intervals, 0 ~ 23---air quality is for polluting; 24 ~ 60 air qualities are good; 61 ~ 98 air qualities are outstanding.
6. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described average blue saturation calculated based on HSB color mode in described sky image, be specially: described sky image is carried out nine grids process, get the HSB value of four end points of the intermediate image in nine grids, calculate the mean value of S value in described HSB value according to the HSB value of four end points, be average blue saturation;
The HSB value of wherein said four end points meets the following conditions: in HSB value, the span of H is 200 ~ 250.
7. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described display device is LCD or light-emitting diode display.
8. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described filming apparatus is camera, requires pixel >=300,000 pixels of camera.
9. the air quality Grade Judgment based on the wave analysis of camera lens blue light according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described analytical calculation device is motherboard, and comprising parts has CPU, RAM, ROM, GPU.
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