CN105527117A - Field in-situ sampling method for granular mixtures - Google Patents
Field in-situ sampling method for granular mixtures Download PDFInfo
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- CN105527117A CN105527117A CN201510871567.0A CN201510871567A CN105527117A CN 105527117 A CN105527117 A CN 105527117A CN 201510871567 A CN201510871567 A CN 201510871567A CN 105527117 A CN105527117 A CN 105527117A
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- bulk solid
- slope
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- sampling method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
Abstract
The invention discloses a field in-situ sampling method for granular mixtures. The field in-situ sampling method overcomes the problem of incapability of sampling an ideal in-situ sample due to proneness to disturbance of a granular mixture accumulative layer in the prior art. The field in-situ sampling method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) digging out a slope surface with an angle of 35 to 45 DEG from the top of a granular mixture slope to the bottom of the slope and respectively digging out one surface at the top, medium and bottom of the slope for sampling; and (2) respectively pouring two places of each plane with paraffin liquid obtained after melting of paraffin and virgin rubber of cyanoethyl acrylate and taking out cemented bodies of granular mixtures after solidification of the paraffin liquid and the virgin rubber. According to the invention, sampling is carried out via two processes, so a granular mixture accumulative layer is not disturbed, optimal samples are obtained, and subsequent determination operation is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bulk solid field in-situ sampling method.
Background technology
Bulk solid slope is distributed widely in the high and cold mountain area of the western comparatively arid of China, as Xinjiang, Tibet etc.The momentum that at every turn slips is little, but activity is extremely frequent and there is no permanently effective prophylactico-therapeutic measures, especially grows the bulk solid slope in both sides of highway, has a strong impact on the normal operation of toe highway.Bulk solid slope is different from avalanche, landslide and Rolling Stone etc., and from geologic origin angle, it belongs to a kind of geological phenomenon in weathering and gravity landform, is weathering, avalanche effect and scatter the direct product of effect.Under gravity, with discontinuous, the rolling of dispersion, the mode of motion of slip, move downward along slope, is deposited in toe for landwaste, sand grains, rubble or rock fragment etc.The essential characteristic on bulk solid slope is prose style free from parallelism structure, the particle packing being different-grain diameter forms, the principal feature of prose style free from parallelism structure is substantially without connection between particle, stable system is mainly by friction between grain contact point, the faint connecting forces of chimeric formation intergranular, can be formed overall by clay bonding or chemical bond thing etc. between local granule, but its mechanical property extremely unstable, is easy to again form a prose style free from parallelism under external force.
Forming process at present on bulk solid slope, the research of mechanics and deformation & damage system has had a lot of demonstration, there has been deep understanding the aspects such as bulk solid particle rounding degree, degree of irregularity and inside and outside portion factor for the Self-Organization of bulk solid geologic hazard and factors affecting stability research, but the scope of research is mostly limited to macroscopic view.Bulk solid slope is combined from top to bottom by the particle contacted with each other, and inner different thin sight group structure relation makes the characteristic macroscopically of bulk solid different.Only understand group structure relation and the mechanical property of granular system in depth, comprehensively could analyze the fundamental property on bulk solid slope.
In order to the active characteristics on more deep understanding bulk solid slope, bulk solid particulate matter microscopical structure must be understood, set up the analytical approach of grand thin contact.Generally speaking, for bulk solid slope, macroscopically it is an individual system, and microcosmic is but made up of individual particles.Bulk solid system is made up of the aggregates body contacted with each other, and is to have very strong noncontinuity and heteropical multiphase medium.The macrofeature that bulk solid slope is embodied depends on the thin sight group structure of bulk solid granule strength feature and carefully sees intensive parameter accordingly.
Thin sight aspect bulk solid particles' interaction and arrangement mode all affect the strength characteristic of bulk solid, and the complicacy of these microscopical structures and uncertainty are the maximum obstructions of bulk solid mechanical behavior being carried out to accurate description.Therefore, it is very necessary for carrying out the research of bulk solid strength characteristic meso-mechanical analyses.
Due to the entirety that bulk solid slope accumulation horizon is not a connection, not cementing between particle, obtain the important step that bulk solid original position sample is this test, also be the indispensable material of follow-up study bulk solid constitutive relation, strength characteristic, therefore guarantee when not disturbance or minimal perturbation accumulation horizon, it is vital for getting desirable original position sample.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bulk solid field in-situ sampling method, solve existing sampling method easy disturbance bulk solid accumulation horizon, cause the problem that cannot obtain desirable original position sample.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Bulk solid field in-situ sampling method, comprises the following steps:
(1) domatic to slope toe excavation one 35 ~ 45 ° from top, slope, bulk solid slope, at the top on slope, middle part, bottom place excavate a plane respectively for sampling;
(2) build with the virgin rubber of the wax water after paraffin melting and cyanacrylate respectively at two places of each plane, after to be solidified, take out the adhesive bond of bulk solid gently.
Preferred as one, the domatic angle in step (1) is 40 °.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention adopts and fills with wax method acquisition original position sample, space is filled out by wax fluid-tight, particle relativeness does not become substantially, remain the natural accumulation form of bulk solid, thus overcome the extraction difficulty of bulk solid sample, thus conveniently carry out physico-mechanical properties analysis, obtain the physical indexs such as bulk solid porosity, water percentage, after to burn after dewax through indoor alcohol and just can do factor of porosity and grain composition analysis.
(2) the present invention adopts the virgin rubber of cyanacrylate to carry out building sampling, can be good at making bulk solid interparticle contact firm, and opposing is cut and can not make loose particles; Cyanacrylate is transparency liquid, good fluidity, and cohesiveness is strong, can control its condensation time, the feature that contacts with each other of particle is remained unchanged, for analysing particulates under mirror and pore morpholohy feature and arrangement mode thereof provide analysis thin slice.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and embodiments of the present invention include but not limited to the following example.
Embodiment
Because source area, bulk solid slope is dispersed with different accumulation slopes from top to bottom, in, mostly the accumulation slope of lower floor be that rubble flow transformation accumulation area formed, disturbance is larger, original accumulation form can not be reflected, in order to obtain morphological feature under virgin state and intergranular mutual relationship, bulk solid flakes off into thing source the first accumulation area from Dou Kan is chosen in sample position, original position sample herein piles up first time formed, the form after piling up can be kept, and be seldom disturbed, so select sample position can understand the micro character of bulk solid fully herein.
In order to obtain accumulation area bulk solid morphological feature, choose representational three points respectively at each height in whole bulk solid accumulation area upper, middle and lower and sample, this sampling method can be understood an accumulation area fully all sidedly.Pile up the domatic Loose Bodies mostly being one deck and being disturbed on slope, in order to when not by getting in a slope when disturbance, bottom original position sample, adopt Equivalent Method, excavation accumulation area ramped surfaces forms the inclined-plane of 35 ~ 45 °, then in inclined-plane, bottom samples, again original position sample is tested, obtain the physical index parameter such as particle diameter composition, severe, porosity, water percentage of sample.
Moreover because bulk solid is that particle is mutually piled up and formed, be not a stable entirety, between particle, connecting forces is faint, if be subject to the home state that external force will change sample a little, then loses effect to the analysis of sample.In order to obtain not by the original position sample of disturbance, consider that better and cemented property the is strong reagent of the perviousness of liquid carries out building sampling.Obtain original position sample by filling with wax method, although space is filled out by wax fluid-tight, particle relativeness does not become the natural accumulation form that remain bulk solid substantially, thus overcomes the extraction difficulty of dispersion samples.Physico-mechanical properties analysis is carried out to got original position sample, obtains the physical indexs such as bulk solid porosity, water percentage, after to burn after dewax through indoor alcohol and do grain composition analysis.
Can not comparatively firm combining owing to filling with sample acquired by wax method, if carry out brute force cutting to sample, then cause sample variation can not observe the contact relation of bulk solid, intergranular filling situation and try to achieve two-dimentional changes of voids situation.Add that the error at measurment of carrying out voidage with sample acquired by sealing wax is comparatively large, the feature of reaction bulk solid original position sample porosity that can not be real.In order to better show the feature of bulk solid original position sample, adopt the virgin rubber of cyanacrylate to carry out building sampling, can be good at making bulk solid interparticle contact firm, opposing is cut and can not make loose particles; Cyanacrylate is transparency liquid, good fluidity; Cohesiveness is strong, can control its condensation time, the feature that contacts with each other of particle is remained unchanged, for the original position sample taked carry out severe parameter, porosity parameter improves accurate measuring method.The method sampling has following advantage: 1, can in the hope of the severe of bulk solid by original position sample; 2, by sample dicing sheet, observe the particle contacts Subsampling getting 1 × 1 × 0.2cm in each thin slice, observe under being placed on S-3000N scanning electron microscope, intergranular contact relation, friction, indentation, pack grain and porosity etc.Cyanacrylate, permeate well, can infiltrate fine porosity, and condensation colloid is transparent, does not affect thin slice observation.But can not glue be moved back, be difficult to the grain composition obtaining bulk solid sample.
So the present invention by filling wax method with build cyanacrylate method carry out with the use of, mutually make up the defect of oneself, thus design a set of new sampling method, for follow-up mensuration provides best sample.Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) by bulk solid slope from domatic to slope toe excavation one 35 ~ 45 ° of top, accumulation area slope, three elevations excavation planes in upper, middle and lower, and respectively two sampling spots are set along plane domain accumulation horizon at each elevation;
(2) by paraffin melting, water one of them sampling spot in each elevation respectively, after it solidifies, take out the adhesive bond of bulk solid gently;
Meanwhile, the virgin rubber of cyanacrylate is built respectively another sampling spot in each elevation, after it solidifies, original position sample is taken out.
Preferred as one, the domatic angle in step (1) is 40 °.
According to above-described embodiment, just the present invention can be realized well.What deserves to be explained is; under prerequisite based on said structure design, for solving same technical matters, even if some making on the invention are without substantial change or polishing; the essence of the technical scheme adopted is still the same with the present invention, therefore it also should in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a bulk solid field in-situ sampling method, is characterized in that, is not changing the physical parameter obtaining bulk solid in the intergranular way of contact of field bulk solid, arrayed feature situation, is comprising the following steps:
(1) domatic to slope toe excavation one 35 ~ 45 ° from top, slope, bulk solid slope, at the top on slope, middle part, bottom place excavate a plane respectively for sampling;
(2) build with the virgin rubber of the wax water after paraffin melting and cyanacrylate respectively at two places of each plane, after to be solidified, take out the adhesive bond of bulk solid gently.
2. bulk solid field according to claim 1 in-situ sampling method, is characterized in that, the domatic angle in step (1) is 40 °.
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| CN201510871567.0A CN105527117A (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2015-12-02 | Field in-situ sampling method for granular mixtures |
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| CN201510871567.0A CN105527117A (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2015-12-02 | Field in-situ sampling method for granular mixtures |
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| CN105527117A true CN105527117A (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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| CN109141957A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of acquisition and production method of 1 m original state monolith of sand |
| CN109706908A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-03 | 重庆大学 | A kind of soil around pile Particle Breakage measuring device and its measurement method |
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| CN109706908A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-03 | 重庆大学 | A kind of soil around pile Particle Breakage measuring device and its measurement method |
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