CN105522444A - 一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法 - Google Patents

一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法 Download PDF

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CN105522444A
CN105522444A CN201510874941.2A CN201510874941A CN105522444A CN 105522444 A CN105522444 A CN 105522444A CN 201510874941 A CN201510874941 A CN 201510874941A CN 105522444 A CN105522444 A CN 105522444A
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grinding
sic composite
composite material
ultrasonic vibration
damage
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丁国智
郑景珍
杨宏青
苏宏华
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Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
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Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及C/SiC复合材料加工工艺,尤其是一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法,将C/SiC复合材料放在超声振动系统的机床上进行加工,该超声振动系统加工用的工具为杯形金刚石砂轮,金刚石磨粒目数为140/170目;金刚石砂轮末端的输出振幅不小于4μm,磨削进给速度为1-2m/min,磨削深度在10μm以下,磨削速度不大于60m/s,超声辅助磨削时杯形金刚石砂轮振动方向平行于磨削表面,砂轮表面工作层磨粒运动轨迹在C/SiC复合材料表面交错重叠,减小了单颗磨粒切厚从而降低了磨削加工损伤。

Description

一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及C/SiC复合材料加工工艺,尤其是一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法。
背景技术
碳纤维增强碳化硅基(C/SiC)复合材料具有优良的力学性能以及突出的耐高温、耐磨、轻质等特性,使用温度可达到1650℃,密度为1.7~2.5g/cm3,断裂韧性可达25MPa.m1/2,在国防和航空航天等高新技术领域具有广阔的应用前景。但由于其纤维编织结构,C/SiC复合材料磨削加工时往往出现纤维拔出、纤维阶梯状脆性断裂等缺陷,限制了其应用。
C/SiC复合材料磨削过程中,在磨削力作用下,表层材料受到剪应力与拉应力的综合作用而产生裂纹。由于SiC基体的脆性大于碳纤维,在拉应力作用下,SiC基体首先出现裂纹并沿垂直于纤维/基体界面的方向扩展,到达界面时,裂纹暂时被阻止;纤维/基体界面结合较弱处(孔隙等组织缺陷的存在所致),在基体剪切和纤维、基体的非同步横向收缩作用下,裂纹重新开始扩展,裂纹尺寸增大;随着裂纹的进一步扩展,部分纤维在弱点处也开始出现断裂;最终,纤维出现大规模层状断裂,且部分纤维断头克服界面摩擦阻力从基体中拔出。因此,C/SiC复合材料组织特点决定了其磨削加工表面存在两相交界处微裂纹、纤维层状脆断、纤维拔出的表面形态特点,而磨削过程中的磨削力较大则是产生这些加工损伤的诱导因素。
超声辅助磨削加工是集磨削加工及超声波加工于一体的复合加工技术,在难加工材料加工中具有广阔的应用前景。在超声辅助磨削加工中,金刚石磨料工具在高速旋转的同时以一定振幅沿工具轴向进行超声振动,再辅以某方向的进给运动实现加工。在这一过程中,砂轮工作层金刚石磨粒运动轨迹相互交错重叠,从而使得单颗磨粒切厚减小,磨削力降低,C/SiC复合材料表面磨削加工损伤减小。
发明内容
本发明内容提供一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法,运用这样的方法可以降低磨削加工过程中的磨削力,从而减小C/SiC复合材料加工损伤。
本发明所采用的技术方法是采用超声振动系统、金刚石砂轮和一定的磨削工艺参数范围进行超声辅助磨削加工。具体技术方案如下:
将C/SiC复合材料放在超声振动系统的机床上进行加工,该超声振动系统加工所用的工具为杯形金刚石砂轮,金刚石磨粒目数为140/170目;金刚石砂轮末端的输出振幅不小于4μm,磨削进给速度为1-2m/min,磨削深度在10μm以下,磨削速度不大于60m/s,超声辅助磨削时杯形金刚石砂轮振动方向平行于磨削表面,砂轮表面工作层磨粒运动轨迹在C/SiC复合材料表面交错重叠,减小了单颗磨粒切厚从而降低了磨削加工损伤。
本发明的有益效果
采用超声振动系统、金刚石砂轮和一定的磨削工艺参数范围进行超声辅助磨削加工的C/SiC复合材料表面,具有较小尺寸的纤维脆性断裂尺寸。
附图说明
本发明共有2副附图
图1为超声辅助磨削加工系统示意图;
1-超声振动系统,2-砂轮,3-C/SiC复合材料;
图2超声辅助磨削过程中磨削加工表面磨粒运动轨迹示意图;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作详细说明。
超声振动系统如图1所示,超声振动系统1和砂轮2用螺栓紧固连接。超声辅助磨削加工时,如图2所示,金刚石砂轮沿Z向进行超声振动,同时沿Y方向做进给运动。金刚石砂轮目数为140/170目。超声辅助磨削时系统谐振频率范围为21.5kHz,杯形金刚石砂轮末端输出振幅为4μm。磨削进给速度为2m/min,磨削深度在10μm以下,磨削速度可达60m/s。超声辅助磨削过程中可定时测量金刚石砂轮末端振幅,以保证超声辅助磨削加工效果。

Claims (1)

1.一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法,其特征在于:将C/SiC复合材料放在超声振动系统的机床上进行加工,该超声振动系统加工用的工具为杯形金刚石砂轮,金刚石磨粒目数为140/170目;金刚石砂轮末端的输出振幅不小于4μm,磨削进给速度为1-2m/min,磨削深度在10μm以下,磨削速度不大于60m/s,超声辅助磨削时杯形金刚石砂轮振动方向平行于磨削表面,砂轮表面工作层磨粒运动轨迹在C/SiC复合材料表面交错重叠,减小了单颗磨粒切厚从而降低了磨削加工损伤。
CN201510874941.2A 2015-12-02 2015-12-02 一种降低C/SiC复合材料加工磨削损伤的方法 Pending CN105522444A (zh)

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CN106272118A (zh) * 2016-10-13 2017-01-04 江苏理工学院 超声辅助磨削砂轮磨粒排布策略及磨粒切厚模型建立方法
CN109048510A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2018-12-21 武汉理工大学 一种碳纤维加工过程中的分层控制方法
CN112405125A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2021-02-26 武汉理工大学 一种改性碳纤维复合材料超声辅助磨削装置及磨削方法

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CN109048510A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2018-12-21 武汉理工大学 一种碳纤维加工过程中的分层控制方法
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