CN105516231A - Distributed cache method and system based on improved consistent hashing - Google Patents
Distributed cache method and system based on improved consistent hashing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed cache method and system based on an improved consistent hashing. Included are a plurality of node servers. Each node server comprises a main cache region and a copy cache region. For each node server, the main cache region is used for caching, according to a consistent hashing algorithm, data written by a user or in need of access on the node server; and the copy cache region is used for caching, according to the consistent hashing algorithm, data of the main cache region of the previous node server on a hashing ring constituted by all the node servers. The invention effectively improves the reliability and availability of the system, and can also avoid a waste of resources and reduce the number of times of cached data synchronization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of information system, being specifically related to a kind of method and system based on improving consistency Hash distributed caching.
Background technology
Along with the development of the Internet particularly mobile Internet, customer volume is increasing, and the response speed required also is more and more faster, and like this in order to accelerate access speed, a mode compared uses buffer memory exactly in information system.Caching technology stores hot spot data, distance between the cluster object data that further and application, expedited data access, the key technology that provides Data distribution8 formula to share, this technology for improving the extended capability of system, safeguards system reliability has very important effect.
Distributed caching is present in the middle of information system in a large number, and current distributed cache system mainly contains two kinds:
A kind of is that the content of each server buffer is identical, client-access buffer memory is fairly simple, access any machine, but when data cached on a station server changes, need to be synchronized to data cached on other all machines, although improve the reliability of system like this, but cause the waste of system cache resource, when machine increases, the data syn-chronization time also can increase, and its representative is the Memcache increased income.
Another kind is with consistency Hash (ConsistentHashing) technology for representative, and consistency Hash is that available node machine is mapped to the diverse location of annulus by system again by each object map to the point of on annulus limit.When searching machine corresponding to certain object, need to calculate position on the corresponding annulus limit of object with consistent hash algorithm, search clockwise until run into certain node machine on annulus limit, this machine is the position that object should be preserved.Its advantage copies data cached needs.When but certain station server breaks down, this partial buffering data can be lost, active and standby formula consistency Hash distributed caching method can be adopted to this, but the server that system has half in the plenty of time be silent status, wastes ample resources.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, current distributed cache system is not that reliabilty and availability is poor, is exactly that machine accumulation causes system resource waste.
Proposing a kind of system based on improving consistency Hash distributed caching according to the present invention, comprising:
Multiple node server, each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area, wherein:
Described master cache district is for the data of buffer memory according to user's write or needs access on this node server of consistency hash algorithm;
Described copy buffer area is used for buffer memory according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
Further, the described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
Further, when certain node server breaks down or need to delete, the next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring;
The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
Further, when certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server;
The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
Further, using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
Further, by the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
According to an aspect of the present invention, proposing a kind of method based on improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
Be buffered in multiple node server by data cached, each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area;
In the data that the described master cache district buffer memory of each node server is accessed according to user's write or needs on this node server of consistency hash algorithm;
At the described copy buffer area buffer memory of each node server according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
Further, when the described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
Further, when certain node server breaks down or need to delete, the next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring;
The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
Further, when certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server;
The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
Further, using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
Further, by the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
In the present invention, each node server is the buffer memory data of this node server both, again the buffer memory data of a upper node server, therefore, effectively can improve the reliabilty and availability of system, can avoid again wasting resource, reduce data cached synchronization times.
By referring to the detailed description of accompanying drawing to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, further feature of the present invention and advantage thereof will become clear.
Accompanying drawing explanation
What form a part for specification drawings describes embodiments of the invention, and together with the description for explaining principle of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing, according to detailed description below, clearly the present invention can be understood, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the system based on improvement consistency Hash distributed caching.
Fig. 2 is that on Hash ring, certain node server has fault or needs the schematic diagram of the embodiment of deleting.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of newly-increased a certain node server on Hash ring.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of embodiment of the method based on improvement consistency Hash distributed caching.
Embodiment
Various exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described in detail now with reference to accompanying drawing.It should be noted that: unless specifically stated otherwise, otherwise positioned opposite, the numerical expression of the parts of setting forth in these embodiments and step and numerical value do not limit the scope of the invention.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that for convenience of description, the size of the various piece shown in accompanying drawing is not draw according to the proportionate relationship of reality.
Illustrative to the description only actually of at least one exemplary embodiment below, never as any restriction to the present invention and application or use.
May not discuss in detail for the known technology of person of ordinary skill in the relevant, method and apparatus, but in the appropriate case, described technology, method and apparatus should be regarded as a part of authorizing specification.
In all examples with discussing shown here, any occurrence should be construed as merely exemplary, instead of as restriction.Therefore, other example of exemplary embodiment can have different values.
It should be noted that: represent similar terms in similar label and letter accompanying drawing below, therefore, once be defined in an a certain Xiang Yi accompanying drawing, then do not need to be further discussed it in accompanying drawing subsequently.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The object of the invention is for original consistency Hash caching system exist certain node server break down or a newly-increased node server time; certain customers' buffer memory can be caused to can not find; thus be delayed system response time; and based on active-standby mode; the equipment of half can be had again in the most of the time to be in silent status, to cause the waste of resource.Therefore; the present invention is on consistency Hash basis; by the buffer memory on every station server is divided into two parts; a part is master cache, and another part is copy buffer memory, so both draws the advantage of two class buffer memorys; turn avoid the shortcoming of two class buffer memorys; effectively can improve the reliabilty and availability of system, can avoid again wasting resource, reduce data cached synchronization times.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the system based on improvement consistency Hash distributed caching.This system comprises: multiple node server.That is, the 1st node server, the 2nd node server ..., i-th node server ..., the n-th node server.
Each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area, wherein:
Described master cache district is for the data of buffer memory according to user's write or needs access on this node server of consistency hash algorithm.That is, described master cache district is used for the data of this node server of buffer memory.
Described copy buffer area is used for buffer memory according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
Such as, the master cache district of the 2nd node server is used for the data of buffer memory the 2nd node server, and its copy buffer area is used for the data in the master cache district of buffer memory the 1st node server.
For the system of a total n node server, then the master cache district of the 1st node server is used for the data in the master cache district of buffer memory n-th node server.
In this embodiment, each node server is the buffer memory data of this node server both, again the buffer memory data of a upper node server, therefore, effectively can improve the reliabilty and availability of system, can avoid again wasting resource, reduce data cached synchronization times.
Wherein, the described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
Break down at a certain node server or system carried out to dilatation when increasing node server newly, the node server up and down of its position being copied to district's data of master cache district and copy buffer memory according to rule.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when certain node server breaks down or need to delete, next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring; The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
Fig. 2 is that on Hash ring, certain node server has fault or needs the schematic diagram of the embodiment of deleting.
If load balancing or cluster server inspection or be found to i-th node server break down or need delete;
Then according to consistency hash algorithm, user accesses the i-th+1 node server;
The copy buffer area data of oneself and master cache district data merge by i-th+1 node server, as master cache district data, copy to the copy buffer area of the i-th+2 node servers;
By the copy buffer area of the master cache district data Replica of the i-th-1 node server to the i-th+1 node server.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server; The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
Wherein, using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
Wherein, by the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of newly-increased a certain node server on Hash ring.
If load balancing or cluster server inspection or be set to and increased a kth node server newly, before being inserted into i-th node server;
Then according to consistency hash algorithm, the certain customers of original access i-th node server can have access to a kth node server;
Now notify original i-th node server, by the master cache district of a data Replica kth node server till now of the present access kth node server after calculating according to newly added node server in its master cache district data, by the copy buffer area of the copy buffer area data Replica of the i-th-1 node server to a kth node server;
By in master cache district data in original i-th node server, leave out original access i-th node server and access now the data cached of a kth node server, by the copy buffer area of the master cache district data Replica of a present kth node server to original i-th node server, or, according to algorithm, i-th original data being buffered in master cache district of node server is deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of i-th node server.
By the copy buffer area of present i-th node server master cache district data Replica to the i-th+1 node server, or, the data of the copy buffer area of original the i-th+1 node server are deleted the master cache district data of a newly-increased kth node server now.
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of embodiment of the method based on improvement consistency Hash distributed caching.The method comprises:
In step 410, be buffered in multiple node server by data cached, each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area.
In step 420, in the data that the described master cache district buffer memory of each node server is accessed according to user's write or needs on this node server of consistency hash algorithm.
In step 430, at the described copy buffer area buffer memory of each node server according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
Such as, the master cache district of the 2nd node server is used for the data of buffer memory the 2nd node server, and its copy buffer area is used for the data in the master cache district of buffer memory the 1st node server.
For the system of a total n node server, then the master cache district of the 1st node server is used for the data in the master cache district of buffer memory n-th node server.
In this embodiment, each node server is the buffer memory data of this node both, again the buffer memory data of a upper node server, therefore, effectively can improve the reliabilty and availability of system, can avoid again wasting resource, reduce data cached synchronization times.
Wherein, when the described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
Break down at a certain node server or system carried out to dilatation when increasing node server newly, the node server up and down of its position being copied to district's data of master cache district and copy buffer memory according to rule.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when certain node server breaks down or need to delete, next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring;
The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
By a specific embodiment, fault will be had to certain node server on Hash ring or need the situation of deleting to be described in detail below.
If load balancing or cluster server inspection or be found to i-th node server break down or need delete;
Then according to consistency hash algorithm, user accesses the i-th+1 node server;
The copy buffer area data of oneself and master cache district data merge by i-th+1 node server, as master cache district data, copy to the copy buffer area of the i-th+2 node servers;
By the copy buffer area of the master cache district data Replica of the i-th-1 node server to the i-th+1 node server.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server; The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
Wherein, using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
Wherein, by the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
By a specific embodiment, the situation of a certain node server newly-increased on Hash ring will be described in detail below.
If load balancing or cluster server inspection or be set to and increased a kth node server newly, before being inserted into i-th node server;
Then according to consistency hash algorithm, the certain customers of original access i-th node server can have access to a kth node server;
Now notify original i-th node server, by the master cache district of a data Replica kth node server till now of the present access kth node server after calculating according to newly added node server in its master cache district data, by the copy buffer area of the copy buffer area data Replica of the i-th-1 node server to a kth node server;
By in master cache district data in original i-th node server, leave out original access i-th node server and access now the data cached of a kth node server, by the copy buffer area of the master cache district data Replica of a present kth node server to original i-th node server, or, according to algorithm, i-th original data being buffered in master cache district of node server is deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of i-th node server.
By the copy buffer area of present i-th node server master cache district data Replica to the i-th+1 node server, or, the data of the copy buffer area of original the i-th+1 node server are deleted the master cache district data of a newly-increased kth node server now.
The present invention is applicable to all distributed information systems needing to be accelerated by buffer memory system responses, system hardware investment can be reduced, improve the reliability of existing caching system, availability and response speed, save system cost, in large scale system engineering construction, benefit is particularly remarkable.
So far, the present invention is described in detail.In order to avoid covering design of the present invention, details more known in the field are not described.Those skilled in the art, according to description above, can understand how to implement technical scheme disclosed herein completely.
Method of the present invention and device may be realized in many ways.Such as, any combination by software, hardware, firmware or software, hardware, firmware realizes method of the present invention and device.Said sequence for the step of described method is only to be described, and the step of method of the present invention is not limited to above specifically described order, unless specifically stated otherwise.In addition, in certain embodiments, can be also record program in the recording medium by the invention process, these programs comprise the machine readable instructions for realizing according to method of the present invention.Thus, the present invention also covers the recording medium stored for performing the program according to method of the present invention.
Although be described in detail specific embodiments more of the present invention by example, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, above example is only to be described, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, can without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention, above embodiment be modified.Scope of the present invention is limited by claims.
Claims (12)
1., based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
Multiple node server, each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area, wherein:
Described master cache district is for the data of buffer memory according to user's write or needs access on this node server of consistency hash algorithm;
Described copy buffer area is used for buffer memory according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
2., according to claim 1 based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
The described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
When certain node server breaks down or need to delete, the next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring;
The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
When certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server;
The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
5., according to claim 4 based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
Using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
6., according to claim 4 based on the system improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
By the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
7., based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
Be buffered in multiple node server by data cached, each node server comprises master cache district and copy buffer area;
In the data that the described master cache district buffer memory of each node server is accessed according to user's write or needs on this node server of consistency hash algorithm;
At the described copy buffer area buffer memory of each node server according to consistency hash algorithm, the data in the master cache district of the upper node server on the Hash ring that all node servers are formed.
8., according to claim 7 based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
When the described master cache district data of any node server change, by the data Replica that the changes copy buffer area to the next node server on Hash ring.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
When certain node server breaks down or need to delete, the next node server on its Hash ring needs the data merging major-minor buffer area as master cache district data, copies to the copy buffer area of the lower lower node server on Hash ring;
The master cache district data Replica of the upper node server on its Hash ring is to the copy buffer area of its next node server.
10. according to claim 7 or 8 based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
When certain node server newly-increased, on the Hash ring after newly-increased, the master cache district data Replica of a upper node server of this newly-increased node server is to the copy buffer area of this node server; The data Replica of this newly-increased node server is accessed now in the master cache district of this newly-increased node server in the master cache district of next node server;
The master cache district data of next node server delete the data being buffered in the master cache district of newly-increased node server.
11., according to claim 10 based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
Using the master cache district data Replica of this newly-increased node server to the copy buffer area of next node server as the copy buffer area data of next node server; Or
Original for next node server data being buffered in master cache district are deleted the data being buffered in now the master cache district of next node server, as the copy buffer area data of next node server.
12., according to claim 10 based on the method improving consistency Hash distributed caching, comprising:
By the copy buffer area of lower node server under the master cache district data Replica of described next node server, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server; Or
The data of the copy buffer area of original lower lower node server are deleted the master cache district data of newly-increased node server now, as the copy buffer area data of lower lower node server.
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