CN105515657B - A kind of visible light camera communication system using LED lamp MIMO array framework - Google Patents
A kind of visible light camera communication system using LED lamp MIMO array framework Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003709 image segmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/745—Detection of flicker frequency or suppression of flicker wherein the flicker is caused by illumination, e.g. due to fluorescent tube illumination or pulsed LED illumination
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Abstract
A kind of visible light camera communication system using LED lamp MIMO array framework of the invention, emitter uses MIMO array structure, independent FSOOK modulation driving power supplies are all configured per LEDs wick, emitter is configured with the LED ID data modulation mappers being connected with FSOOK modulation driving power supplies；Information MAP table is preset inside LED ID data modulation mappers, serial binary LED ID data are modulated into parallel multiple FSOOK frequency signals by LED ID data modulation mappers according to information MAP rule, signal is mapped in multiple independent LED powers, every wick of driving enters line flicker with different frequencies；Receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism to take pictures LED array light source, needs to choose the time for exposure when taking pictures to prevent over-exposed caused bloom noise jamming；Light source forms the striped picture of multiple different light and shade widths of fringe on cmos image sensor, and after receiver obtains the full picture being made up of multiple striped spirtes, decoding process is carried out to the picture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is towards LED visible light communication positioning field, it is proposed that one kind uses LED lamp multiple-input and multiple-output
(MIMO) the visible light camera communication system of array architecture.
Background technology
LED light signal is received using the mobile phone with cmos image sensor (CIS), LED shapes can be flashed by detecting
Into light and shade striped picture, realize low rate information transfer.To make flicker LED form light and shade striped picture on imaging plane,
Cmos image sensor should use belt-type shutter.There is technology to propose a kind of visible light communication system as shown in figure 1, it is launched
Machine is using the LED light source of on-off keying (OOK) modulation driving, and receiver is using cmos image sensor formation light and shade bar graph
Piece, by carrying out image procossing to light and shade striped picture to demodulate OOK signals.Prior art 1 " Christos Danakis,
Mostafa Afgani,Gordon Povey,Ian Underwood and Harald Haas,“Using a CMOS
Camera Sensor for Visible Light Communication,”2012 IEEE GLOBECOM Workshops
(GC Wkshps), the system and coding/decoding method that pp.1244-1248, December 2012. " are proposed are in short haul connection
(tens centimetres) and without background ambient light disturb in the environment of, certain communication performance can be obtained.But if by existing skill
The system and method that art 1 proposes are applied in actual common room lighting environment, that is, are realized the communication distance of 2-6 rice and deposited
In ambient light interference, its communication performance will become very poor, can not meet practical application.
Prior art 2 " optical signal coding/decoding method and apparatus and system：07 month " of CN, 103916185A [P] .2014,
" indoor navigation method, device and system：CN, 103940419A [P], in July, 2014, " proposed a kind of visible light signal biography
Defeated coding/decoding method.Its basic thought is that transmitting terminal uses LED light source lamp to enter line flicker with different frequencies, and receiving terminal uses
Cmos image sensor obtains the striped picture that blinking light forms different light and shade widths of fringe.The light and shade striped of striped picture
Width depends on the flicker frequency of LED light source.Emitter modulates driving LED lamp order by frequency displacement on-off keying (FSOOK)
Flicker frequency information is sent, the data of some bits of each frequency representative.Cmos image sensor use of receiving terminal etc.
Interval time, which takes pictures, obtains some width light and shade striped pictures, then carries out fringe number visual inspection survey to light and shade striped picture.Due to not
Same striped number represents different flicker frequencies, and then decodes binary data.The visible light communication system that it is proposed is such as
Shown in Fig. 2.
OCC systems shown in Fig. 2 employ multiframe light and shade striped one group of LED-ID information of picture transfer, that is, with a width
Striped picture represents the binary message of several bits.However, this visible light camera based on FSOOK modulation drivings leads to
The speed of letter system transmission information is very low, and processing of the receiver to multiframe striped picture is also complex, and needs to wait institute
There is picture just to obtain complete LIED-ID after the completion of decoding, therefore inevitably bring certain processing to postpone, also dock
Be continuously shot and the disposal ability of receipts machine propose higher requirement.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) described in above-mentioned prior art, the present invention is based on multiple-input and multiple-output
(MIMO) thought of technology, by carrying out mathematical modeling analysis to the imaging system of cmos image sensor, there is provided one kind uses
The visible light camera communication system of LED lamp MIMO array framework, can effectively improve the rate of information throughput.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of visible light camera communication system using the LED lamp array architecture based on MIMO, including：
System transmitter uses the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamps, wherein all configuring one per LEDs wick
The power supply of independent FSOOK modulation driving is connected with LED lamp, and emitter configures a LED-ID data modulation mapper and more
Individual FSOOK modulation driving power supplies are connected.The striped picture that adjacent LED lamp is formed when being taken pictures to reduce is overlapping caused mutually
Interference, independent reflection shield can be used per LEDs wick." information is preset inside LED-ID data modulation mappers
Serial binary LED-ID data are modulated into parallel by mapping table ", LED-ID data modulation mapper according to information MAP rule
Multiple FSOOK frequency signals, and signal is mapped in multiple independent LED powers, every wick of driving is with different frequencies
Rate enters line flicker.In order to ensure that the cmos image sensor of receiver can form multiple light and shade stripe patterns, multiple LED sudden strain of a muscle
Bright frequency should be greater than CIS line-scanning frequency, and be less than frame rate.
System receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism (Rolling Shutter Mode)
LED array light source is taken pictures, needs to choose the suitable time for exposure when taking pictures to prevent over-exposed caused bloom from making an uproar
Acoustic jamming.LED array light source can form the striped picture of multiple different light and shade widths of fringe on cmos image sensor, different
Light and shade width of fringe represent different binary messages, the light and shade striped picture of one of which width may be defined as that " frame head rises
Begin symbol " (Start Frame Delimiter, SFD).Receiver obtains the full picture being made up of multiple striped spirtes
Afterwards, decoding process is carried out to the picture.The process of picture decoding is to be summarized as follows：
1st step：Picture is subjected to gray processing, is converted into gray scale picture；
2nd step：Image segmentation is carried out to picture, multiple striped spirtes in a width picture are separated；
3rd step：Multiple striped spirtes are decoded respectively, obtain the striped number of each striped spirte, and then
Obtain LED flicker frequencies corresponding to each of which；
4th step：SFD is identified from multiple LED flicker frequencies, is recombinated accordingly representated by multiple striped spirtes
FSOOK signals, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is：The present invention is based on multiple-input and multiple-output
(MIMO) thought of technology, by carrying out mathematical modeling analysis to the imaging system of cmos image sensor, there is provided one kind uses
The visible light camera communication system of LED lamp MIMO array framework, can effectively improve the rate of information throughput.If by this
System is applied in visible light-seeking (VLP) field, and due to the lifting of the rate of information throughput, cmos image sensor only need to be to LED
Light array, which shoots a pictures, can form one group of LED-ID label information, without considering asking for multiframe transmission LED-ID
Topic, so as to accelerate decoding process time, preferably meets the positioning requirements of real-time.In addition, the present invention can also be solved effectively
Certainly judge the direction of motion problem of positioning object.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is visible light camera communication (OCC) system construction drawing that prior art 1 is proposed.
Fig. 2 is the visible light communication system schematic diagram that prior art 2 is proposed.
Fig. 3 is the decoding detecting step flow chart of picture processing.
Fig. 4 is the visible light camera communication system figure using 2*2MIMO LED lamp array architecture.
Fig. 5 be CIS shooting 2*2MIMO LED lamp arrays formed there are 4 light and shade striated pattern figures.
Fig. 6 is that system judges positioning object motion direction schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing being given for example only property explanation, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to this patent；It is attached in order to more preferably illustrate the present embodiment
Scheme some parts to have omission, zoom in or out, do not represent the size of actual product；
To those skilled in the art, it is to be appreciated that some known features and its explanation, which may be omitted, in accompanying drawing
's.Technical scheme is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of visible light camera communication system using the LED lamp array architecture based on MIMO, including：
System transmitter uses the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamps, wherein all configuring one per LEDs wick
The power supply of independent FSOOK modulation driving is connected with LED lamp, and emitter configures a LED-ID data modulation mapper and more
Individual FSOOK modulation driving power supplies are connected.The striped picture that adjacent LED lamp is formed when being taken pictures to reduce is overlapping caused mutually
Interference, independent reflection shield can be used per LEDs wick." information is preset inside LED-ID data modulation mappers
Serial binary LED-ID data are modulated into parallel by mapping table ", LED-ID data modulation mapper according to information MAP rule
Multiple FSOOK frequency signals, and signal is mapped in multiple independent LED powers, every wick of driving is with different frequencies
Rate enters line flicker.In order to ensure that the cmos image sensor of receiver can form multiple light and shade stripe patterns, multiple LED sudden strain of a muscle
Bright frequency should be greater than CIS line-scanning frequency, and be less than frame rate.
System receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism (Rolling Shutter Mode)
LED array light source is taken pictures, needs to choose the suitable time for exposure when taking pictures to prevent over-exposed caused bloom from making an uproar
Acoustic jamming.LED array light source can form the striped picture of multiple different light and shade widths of fringe on cmos image sensor, different
Light and shade width of fringe represent different binary messages, the light and shade striped picture of one of which width may be defined as that " frame head rises
Begin symbol " (Start Frame Delimiter, SFD).Receiver obtains the full picture being made up of multiple striped spirtes
Afterwards, decoding process is carried out to the picture.The process of picture decoding is as shown in figure 3, be summarized as follows：
1st step：Picture is subjected to gray processing, is converted into gray scale picture；
2nd step：Image segmentation is carried out to picture, multiple striped spirtes in a width picture are separated；
3rd step：Multiple striped spirtes are decoded respectively, obtain the striped number of each striped spirte, and then
Obtain LED flicker frequencies corresponding to each of which；
4th step：SFD is identified from multiple LED flicker frequencies, is recombinated accordingly representated by multiple striped spirtes
FSOOK signals, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
The system transmitter of the present embodiment employs the LED array light source of a 2*2MIMO structure, equal per LEDs chip
3-5cm is arranged to equipped with the distance between an independent lampshade, adjacent LED light fixture, 4 LED lamps constitute one
Overall LED array flat lamp, as shown in Figure 4.
In the present embodiment, an independent FSOOK modulation driving power supply and LED lamp phase are all configured per LEDs wick
Even, as shown in the dotted line in Fig. 4.The effect of FSOOK modulation driving power supplies is driving LED wicks according to specified square wave frequency
Enter line flicker.The emitter of the present embodiment is configured with a LED-ID data modulation mapper, with 4 FSOOK modulation driving electricity
Source is connected.An information MAP table, the work of LED-ID data modulation mappers are preset inside LED-ID data modulation mappers
With being that serial binary LED-ID data are modulated into 4 parallel FSOOK frequency signals, and 4 square wave frequency signals are reflected
It is mapped in 4 independent LED powers, every wick of driving enters line flicker with different frequencies.Table 1 gives the present embodiment
Used information MAP table, but other mapping modes are equally applicable, and are specifically needed according to application scenarios pair
The requirement of the length of bit group, the quantity of different frequency etc. is selected.
Table 1：A kind of example of information MAP table
As shown in table 1, the emitter control LED lamp of the present embodiment sends the FSOOK signals of 17 kinds of different frequencies, its
In 16 kinds of different frequencies can represent 4 bit binary datas, also a frequency fSFDRepresent SFD.Each different frequency
FSOOK signals the striated patterns of different light and shade widths of fringe can be presented on imaging plane.Selected whole LED flicker
Frequency should be greater than CIS line-scanning frequency, and less than frame rate, multiple striated patterns are carried to ensure to be formed on imaging plane
Sub-pictures.
Receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter (Rolling Shutter) to LED array light source
Taken pictures, need to choose the suitable time for exposure when taking pictures to prevent over-exposed caused bloom noise jamming.CIS is clapped
LED lamp array picture shown in the Fig. 4 taken the photograph is as shown in Figure 5.
As seen from Figure 5, the light and shade striated pattern of 4 kinds of different in width is formd on cmos image sensor.By single width
After the striped decoding of picture, it can obtain：
(1) the striped number of upper left striated pattern is 25, and can obtain LED flicker frequencies by information MAP table is fSFD；
(2) the striped number of upper right striped picture is 20, and can obtain LED flicker frequencies by information MAP table is
fLED14；
(3) the striped number of lower-left striped picture is 12, and can obtain LED flicker frequencies by information MAP table is
fLED8；
(4) the striped number of bottom right striped picture is 6, and can obtain LED flicker frequencies by information MAP table is fLED2；
The LED-ID information group for finally decoding to obtain thus according to Fig. 5 is fSFD fLED14 fLED8 fLED2, according to table 1 by its
Binary data is converted into as 110101110001.
The imaging plane of receiver is actually by substantial amounts of CMOS CMOS active pixel sensors (Active Pixel
Sensors, APS) composition array.Cmos image sensor is different from traditional photodiode (PD), and it has preferable
Spatial discrimination multiplexing capacity, this ability derive from the optical system installed before APS arrays, imaging lens group as shown in Figure 4
Part.Emitter in the present embodiment sends FSOOK signals using 4 LED arrays, and receiving terminal uses APS array received signals,
4 striated patterns can be formed on imaging plane by lens subassembly.Because the pixel of 4 striated patterns is respectively by same
The different zones of APS arrays on imaging plane are received, and have 4 parallel independent single input lists defeated so as to constitute one
Go out the optical communication system of (SISO) passage.Each LEDs chip of LED array, which can transmit one, to be passed by cmos image
The parallel data stream of sensor processing, realizes light spatial reuse, therefore compared to without for the system for using array, can be effective
Ground lifting system data transmission rate.For visible light communication in the application of positioning field, the lifting of speed can cause need not
In the case that increase is because of delay caused by multiframe picture time division multiplexing, more information bits can be just supported to transmit, so as to
Realize more rich alignment system signaling.
In addition, the present invention can also efficiently solve the direction of motion problem of positioning object.With reference to the present embodiment to this
Any is illustrated.
The precondition that the system of the present embodiment can judge to position the direction of motion of object is all LED array flat lamps
The flicker frequency of LED lamp of some position (for example, northwest corner) be arranged to fSFD.Example as shown in Fig. 6, if received
Machine examination is measured in the picture of CIS shootings, and the sub-striped figure for representing SFD appears in northwest corner on picture, then it represents that positioning pair
As being moved from south orientation north；If SFD appears in the southeast corner on picture, represent that positioning object moves from north orientation south；If SFD goes out
Southwest corner on present picture, represent that positioning object moves eastwards from west；If northeast corners of the SFD on picture, positioning is represented
Object moves from east to west.
Above-described embodiment is used for the purpose of being illustrated more clearly that the implementation example of the present invention, and is not to this hair
The restriction of bright embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also expand on the basis of the above description
Open up more scenes.For example, array, the ratio using other modes using the LED lamp of other quantity, composition other shapes
Special coding mapping etc., it is similar with the realization principle of the system, belongs to the mentality of designing category of the present invention, here need not
All embodiments can not be exhaustive.Any modification for being made within the spirit and principles of the invention, equally replace
Change and improve, should be included within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of visible light camera communication system using LED lamp MIMO array framework, including transmitter and receiver, its
It is characterised by：
Emitter uses the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamps, wherein all configured per LEDs wick one it is independent
FSOOK modulation driving power supplies, emitter configure a LED-ID data modulation mapper and multiple FSOOK modulation driving power supplies phases
Even；An information MAP table is preset inside LED-ID data modulation mappers, LED-ID data modulation mappers are according to information
Serial binary LED-ID data are modulated into parallel multiple FSOOK frequency signals by mapping ruler, and signal are mapped to more
In individual independent LED power, every wick of driving enters line flicker with different frequencies；Multiple LED flicker frequency should be greater than CIS
Line-scanning frequency, and be less than frame rate；
Receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism to take pictures LED array light source, is needed when taking pictures
The time for exposure is chosen to prevent over-exposed caused bloom noise jamming；LED lamp array is on cmos image sensor
The striped picture of multiple different light and shade widths of fringe is formed, receiver obtains the full picture being made up of multiple striped spirtes
Afterwards, decoding process is carried out to the picture.
2. the visible light camera communication system according to claim 1 using LED lamp MIMO array framework, its feature
It is：Each LED lamp uses independent reflection shield.
3. the visible light camera communication system according to claim 1 using LED lamp MIMO array framework, its feature
It is：To picture carry out decoding process process be：
1st step：Picture is subjected to gray processing, is converted into gray scale picture；
2nd step：Image segmentation is carried out to picture, multiple striped spirtes in a width picture are separated；
3rd step：Multiple striped spirtes are decoded respectively, obtain the striped number of each striped spirte, and then are obtained
LED flicker frequencies corresponding to each of which；
4th step：SFD is identified from multiple LED flicker frequencies, recombinates the FSOOK letters representated by multiple striped spirtes accordingly
Number, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
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