CN105515657A - Visible camera communication system employing LED lamp MIMO array configuration - Google Patents

Visible camera communication system employing LED lamp MIMO array configuration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105515657A
CN105515657A CN201510808980.2A CN201510808980A CN105515657A CN 105515657 A CN105515657 A CN 105515657A CN 201510808980 A CN201510808980 A CN 201510808980A CN 105515657 A CN105515657 A CN 105515657A
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led
picture
striped
fsook
led lamp
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CN105515657B (en
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李正鹏
江明
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Sun Yat Sen University
SYSU CMU Shunde International Joint Research Institute
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Sun Yat Sen University
SYSU CMU Shunde International Joint Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/116—Visible light communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/745—Detection of flicker frequency or suppression of flicker wherein the flicker is caused by illumination, e.g. due to fluorescent tube illumination or pulsed LED illumination

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a visible camera communication system employing LED lamp MIMO array configuration. A transmitter employs the MIMO array configuration, and each LED lamp wick is provided with an independent FSOOK modulation drive power supply. The transmitter is provided with an LED-ID data modulation mapper connected with the FSOOK modulation drive power supplies. The interior of the LED-ID data modulation mapper is provided with an information mapping table in a preset manner, and the LED-ID data modulation mapper enables serial binary LED-ID data to be modulated into a plurality of parallel FSOOK frequency signals according to an information mapping rule, enables the signals to be mapped to the plurality of independent FSOOK modulation drive power supplies, and drives all lamp wicks to flicker at different frequencies. A receiver employs a CMOS image sensor with a roller shutter mechanism for photographing an LED array light source, and the exposure time needs to be selected during photographing, so as to prevent excessive exposure from causing high light noise interference. A light source forms a plurality of stripe images with different dark and bright stripe widths on the CMOS sensor, and the receiver obtains the complete image composed of a plurality of stripe subimages, and then carries out the decoding of the image.

Description

A kind of visible light camera communication system adopting LED lamp MIMO array framework
Technical field
The present invention, towards LED visible light communication positioning field, proposes a kind of visible light camera communication system adopting LED lamp multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) array architecture.
Background technology
Adopting the mobile phone with cmos image sensor (CIS) to receive LED light signal, by detecting the light and shade striped picture that flicker LED is formed, low rate information transmission can be realized.For making flicker LED form light and shade striped picture on imaging plane, cmos image sensor should adopt belt-type shutter.Technology is had to propose a kind of visible light communication system as shown in Figure 1, the LED light source that its transmitter adopts on-off keying (OOK) modulation to drive, receiver adopts cmos image sensor to form light and shade striped picture, carrys out demodulation OOK signal by carrying out image procossing to light and shade striped picture.Prior art 1 " ChristosDanakis; MostafaAfgani; GordonPovey; IanUnderwoodandHaraldHaas; " UsingaCMOSCameraSensorforVisibleLightCommunication; " 2012IEEEGLOBECOMWorkshops (GCWkshps), pp.1244-1248, December2012. " system proposed and coding/decoding method, under short haul connection (tens centimetres) and the environment without the interference of background environment light, can obtain certain communication performance.But if be applied in by the system and method that prior art 1 proposes in actual common room lighting environment, when namely realizing the communication distance of 2-6 rice and there is ambient light interference, its communication performance will become very poor, cannot meet practical application.
Prior art 2 " light signal coding/decoding method and Apparatus and system: CN; 103916185A [P] .2014 07 month. ", " indoor navigation method, device and system: CN, 103940419A [P], in July, 2014, " all proposes a kind of visible light signal Propagation solution code method.Its basic thought is that transmitting terminal adopts LED light source lamp to glimmer with different frequencies, and receiving terminal adopts cmos image sensor acquisition blinking light to form the striped picture of different light and shade width of fringe.The light and shade width of fringe of striped picture depends on the flicker frequency of LED light source.Transmitter is modulated driving LED light fixture order by frequency displacement on-off keying (FSOOK) and is sent flicker frequency information, the data of each frequency representative some bits.The cmos image sensor of receiving terminal adopts the time at equal intervals to take pictures and obtains some width light and shade striped pictures, then carry out fringe number visual inspection survey to light and shade striped picture.Because different striped numbers represents different flicker frequencies, and then decode binary data.Its visible light communication system proposed as shown in Figure 2.
OCC system shown in Fig. 2 have employed multiframe light and shade striped picture transfer one group of LED-ID information, namely represents the binary message of several bits with a spoke line picture.But, the speed of this visible light camera communications system transmission information based on FSOOK modulation driving is very low, receiver is also comparatively complicated to the process of multiframe striped picture, and need to wait for that all picture decode just can obtain complete LIED-ID after completing, therefore inevitably bring certain processing delay, also higher requirement is proposed to the continuous shooting of receiver and disposal ability.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) described in above-mentioned prior art, the present invention is based on the thought of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology, by carrying out mathematical modeling analysis to the imaging system of cmos image sensor, a kind of visible light camera communication system adopting LED lamp MIMO array framework is provided, effectively can improves the rate of information throughput.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Adopt the visible light camera communication system based on the LED lamp array architecture of MIMO, comprising:
System transmitter adopts the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamp, wherein every LEDs wick all configures a power supply that independently FSOOK modulation drives and is connected with LED lamp, and transmitter configuration LED-ID Data Modulation mapper is connected with multiple FSOOK modulation driving power supply.Striped picture overlapping the caused interference mutually that when taking pictures for reducing, adjacent LED lamp is formed, every LEDs wick can adopt independently reflection shield.LED-ID Data Modulation mapper inside is preset one " information MAP table ", serial binary LED-ID Data Modulation is become parallel multiple FSOOK frequency signals according to information MAP rule by LED-ID Data Modulation mapper, and by signal map in multiple independently LED power, drive every wick to glimmer with different frequencies.In order to ensure that the cmos image sensor of receiver can form multiple light and shade stripe pattern, the flicker frequency of multiple LED should be greater than the line-scanning frequency of CIS, and is less than frame rate.
System receiver adopts the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism (RollingShutterMode) to take pictures to LED array light source, needs to choose the suitable time for exposure to prevent the over-exposed high optical noise interference caused when taking pictures.LED array light source can form the striped picture of multiple different light and shade width of fringe on cmos image sensor, different light and shade widths of fringe represents different binary messages, wherein a kind of light and shade striped picture of width may be defined as " frame head starting character " (StartFrameDelimiter, SFD).After receiver obtains the full picture be made up of multiple striped spirte, decoding process is carried out to this picture.The process of picture decode is be summarized as follows:
1st step: picture is carried out gray processing, converts gray scale picture to;
Multiple striped spirtes in one width picture are separated by the 2nd step: carry out Iamge Segmentation to picture;
3rd step: decode to multiple striped spirte respectively, obtains the striped number of each striped spirte, and then obtains their each self-corresponding LED flicker frequencies;
4th step: identify SFD from multiple LED flicker frequency, the FSOOK signal of recombinating accordingly representated by multiple striped spirte, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is: the thought that the present invention is based on multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology, by carrying out mathematical modeling analysis to the imaging system of cmos image sensor, a kind of visible light camera communication system adopting LED lamp MIMO array framework is provided, effectively can improves the rate of information throughput.If this system to be applied in (VLP) field, visible ray location, due to the lifting of the rate of information throughput, cmos image sensor only need take a pictures to LED lamp array can form one group of LED-ID label information, and do not need the problem considering multiframe transmission LED-ID, thus accelerate decoding process time, meet the positioning requirements of real-time better.In addition, the present invention also can solve the direction of motion problem judging anchored object effectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is visible light camera communication (OCC) system construction drawing that prior art 1 proposes.
Fig. 2 is the visible light communication system schematic diagram that prior art 2 proposes.
Fig. 3 is the decoding detecting step flow chart of picture processing.
Fig. 4 is the visible light camera communication system figure of the LED lamp array architecture adopting 2*2MIMO.
Fig. 5 be CIS shooting 2*2MIMOLED light array formed there are 4 light and shade striated pattern figure.
Fig. 6 is that system judges anchored object direction of motion schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent; In order to better the present embodiment is described, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product;
To those skilled in the art, in accompanying drawing, some known features and explanation thereof may be omitted is understandable.Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Adopt the visible light camera communication system based on the LED lamp array architecture of MIMO, comprising:
System transmitter adopts the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamp, wherein every LEDs wick all configures a power supply that independently FSOOK modulation drives and is connected with LED lamp, and transmitter configuration LED-ID Data Modulation mapper is connected with multiple FSOOK modulation driving power supply.Striped picture overlapping the caused interference mutually that when taking pictures for reducing, adjacent LED lamp is formed, every LEDs wick can adopt independently reflection shield.LED-ID Data Modulation mapper inside is preset one " information MAP table ", serial binary LED-ID Data Modulation is become parallel multiple FSOOK frequency signals according to information MAP rule by LED-ID Data Modulation mapper, and by signal map in multiple independently LED power, drive every wick to glimmer with different frequencies.In order to ensure that the cmos image sensor of receiver can form multiple light and shade stripe pattern, the flicker frequency of multiple LED should be greater than the line-scanning frequency of CIS, and is less than frame rate.
System receiver adopts the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism (RollingShutterMode) to take pictures to LED array light source, needs to choose the suitable time for exposure to prevent the over-exposed high optical noise interference caused when taking pictures.LED array light source can form the striped picture of multiple different light and shade width of fringe on cmos image sensor, different light and shade widths of fringe represents different binary messages, wherein a kind of light and shade striped picture of width may be defined as " frame head starting character " (StartFrameDelimiter, SFD).After receiver obtains the full picture be made up of multiple striped spirte, decoding process is carried out to this picture.The process of picture decode as shown in Figure 3, is summarized as follows:
1st step: picture is carried out gray processing, converts gray scale picture to;
Multiple striped spirtes in one width picture are separated by the 2nd step: carry out Iamge Segmentation to picture;
3rd step: decode to multiple striped spirte respectively, obtains the striped number of each striped spirte, and then obtains their each self-corresponding LED flicker frequencies;
4th step: identify SFD from multiple LED flicker frequency, the FSOOK signal of recombinating accordingly representated by multiple striped spirte, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
The system transmitter of the present embodiment have employed the LED array light source of a 2*2MIMO structure, every LEDs chip is all equipped with an independently lampshade, distance between adjacent LED light fixture is set to 3-5cm, and 4 LED lamp constitute an overall LED array flat lamp, as shown in Figure 4.
In the present embodiment, every LEDs wick all configure one independently FSOOK modulation driving power supply be connected with LED lamp, as shown by the dotted line in fig. 3.The effect of FSOOK modulation driving power supply is that driving LED wick glimmers according to the square wave frequency of specifying.The transmitter configuration of the present embodiment has a LED-ID Data Modulation mapper, is connected with 4 FSOOK modulation driving power supplies.An information MAP table is preset in LED-ID Data Modulation mapper inside, the effect of LED-ID Data Modulation mapper is that serial binary LED-ID Data Modulation is become 4 parallel FSOOK frequency signals, and by 4 square wave frequency signal map on 4 independently LED power, drive every wick to glimmer with different frequencies.Table 1 gives the present embodiment
The information MAP table adopted, but other mapping mode is suitable for too, specifically needs according to application scenarios pair
The requirement of the aspects such as the length of bit group, the quantity of different frequency is selected.
Table 1: a kind of example of information MAP table
As shown in table 1, the transmitter of the present embodiment controls the FSOOK signal that LED lamp sends 17 kinds of different frequencies, and wherein 16 kinds of different frequencies can represent 4 bit binary data, also have a frequency f sFDrepresent SFD.The FSOOK signal of each different frequency can present the striated pattern of different light and shade width of fringe on imaging plane.The flicker frequency of selected whole LED all should be greater than the line-scanning frequency of CIS, is less than frame rate, to guarantee to form the sub-pictures with multiple striated pattern on imaging plane.
Receiver uses the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter (RollingShutter) to take pictures to LED array light source, needs to choose the suitable time for exposure to prevent the over-exposed high optical noise interference caused when taking pictures.LED lamp array picture shown in Fig. 4 captured by CIS as shown in Figure 5.
As seen from Figure 5, cmos image sensor defines the light and shade striated pattern of 4 kinds of different in width.After the striped decoding of single picture, can obtain:
(1) the striped number of upper left striated pattern is 25, and can obtain LED flicker frequency by information MAP table is f sFD;
(2) the striped number of upper right striped picture is 20, and can obtain LED flicker frequency by information MAP table is f lED14;
(3) the striped number of lower-left striped picture is 12, and can obtain LED flicker frequency by information MAP table is f lED8;
(4) the striped number of bottom right striped picture is 6, and can obtain LED flicker frequency by information MAP table is f lED2;
Be f according to Fig. 5 LED-ID information group obtained of finally decoding thus sFDf lED14f lED8f lED2, converting thereof into binary data according to table 1 is 110101110001.
The imaging plane of receiver is actually the array be made up of a large amount of CMOS CMOS active pixel sensor (ActivePixelSensors, APS).Cmos image sensor is different from traditional photodiode (PD), and it has good spatial discrimination multiplexing capacity, the optical system that this ability is installed before deriving from APS array, imaging lens arrangement as shown in Figure 4.Transmitter in the present embodiment adopts 4 LED array to send FSOOK signal, and receiving terminal adopts APS array received signal, and scioptics assembly can form 4 striated patterns on imaging plane.Due to 4 striated patterns pixel respectively receive by the zones of different of the APS array on same imaging plane, thus constitute the optical communication system that has 4 parallel independent single-input single-output (SISO) passages.Each LEDs chip of LED array can transmit one and by the parallel data stream of cmos image sensor process, can achieve light spatial reuse, therefore compares the system not adopting array, can elevator system data transmission rate effectively.For the application of visible light communication in positioning field, the lifting of speed can make, when the delay brought because of multiframe picture time division multiplexing without the need to increase, just can support that more information bit transmits, thus realize abundanter navigation system signaling.
In addition, the present invention also can solve the direction of motion problem of anchored object effectively.Below in conjunction with the present embodiment, this point is described.
The system of the present embodiment can judge that the precondition of the direction of motion of anchored object is that the flicker frequency of the LED lamp of certain position (such as, northwest corner) of all LED array flat lamp is set to f sFD.Example as shown in Figure 4, if receiver detects in the picture that CIS takes, the sub-striated pattern representing SFD appears at the northwest corner on picture, then represent that anchored object is from the motion of south orientation north; If SFD appears at the southeast corner on picture, represent that anchored object is from the motion of north orientation south; If SFD appears at the southwest corner on picture, represent that anchored object moves from west eastwards; If the northeast corner of SFD on picture, represent that anchored object moves from east to west.
Above-described embodiment is only used to be illustrated more clearly in enforcement example of the present invention, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, more scene can also be expanded on the basis of the above description.Such as, the LED lamp adopting other quantity, the array forming other shapes, adopt the bits of encoded mapping etc. of other modes, be all similar with the principle that realizes of native system, belong to mentality of designing category of the present invention, exhaustive without the need to also giving all execution modes here.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection range that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. adopt a visible light camera communication system for LED lamp MIMO array framework, comprise transmitter and receiver, it is characterized in that:
Transmitter adopts the MIMO array structure comprising multiple LED lamp, and wherein every LEDs wick all configures an independently FSOOK modulation driving power supply, and transmitter configuration LED-ID Data Modulation mapper is connected with multiple FSOOK modulation driving power supply; An information MAP table is preset in LED-ID Data Modulation mapper inside, serial binary LED-ID Data Modulation is become parallel multiple FSOOK frequency signals according to information MAP rule by LED-ID Data Modulation mapper, and by signal map in multiple independently LED power, drive every wick to glimmer with different frequencies; The flicker frequency of multiple LED should be greater than the line-scanning frequency of CIS, and is less than frame rate;
Receiver adopts the cmos image sensor with Rolling shutter mechanism to take pictures to LED array light source, needs to choose the time for exposure to prevent the over-exposed high optical noise interference caused when taking pictures; Light source forms the striped picture of multiple different light and shade width of fringe on cmos image sensor, after receiver obtains the full picture be made up of multiple striped spirte, carries out decoding process to this picture.
2. the visible light camera communication system of employing LED lamp MIMO array framework according to claim 1, is characterized in that: each LED lamp adopts independently reflection shield.
3. the visible light camera communication system of employing LED lamp MIMO array framework according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the process of picture being carried out to decoding process is:
1st step: picture is carried out gray processing, converts gray scale picture to;
Multiple striped spirtes in one width picture are separated by the 2nd step: carry out Iamge Segmentation to picture;
3rd step: decode to multiple striped spirte respectively, obtains the striped number of each striped spirte, and then obtains their each self-corresponding LED flicker frequencies;
4th step: identify SFD from multiple LED flicker frequency, the FSOOK signal of recombinating accordingly representated by multiple striped spirte, and then recover one group of LED-ID information.
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