CN105515073B - charging structure - Google Patents
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- CN105515073B CN105515073B CN201410492375.4A CN201410492375A CN105515073B CN 105515073 B CN105515073 B CN 105515073B CN 201410492375 A CN201410492375 A CN 201410492375A CN 105515073 B CN105515073 B CN 105515073B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of charging structure, which includes：Supply unit, rechargeable battery and charging controller；Supply unit is providing system voltage；Charging controller then terminates charging action to switch corresponding charge mode according to the voltage level of the positive terminal of rechargeable battery when being down to pre-set current value to the charging current that rechargeable battery charges.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of charging structures, and in particular to one kind have analog smooth conversion circuit with
And the charging structure of charging termination circuit.
Background technology
In this green epoch that can be scientific and technological, electronic product must all be interknited with environmental protection, and battery is no exception, so filling
Electric appliance must also grasp this principle when charging to battery.The access times of one battery hold about at 500~1000 times
Amount can be fewer and fewer with the number of charge and discharge, furthermore, for general linear lithium-ion battery charger, due to electricity
There is internal resistance in pond, when the conversion between each pattern of system operatio, such as low current turns constant current or constant current turns constant voltage
When pattern, if not carrying out interlock circuit transformation mechanism, it will lead to the oscillatory occurences occurred when circuit conversion, and then jeopardize
Charger and battery.
In addition to this, after battery fills and satisfies, if charger fails timely charge closing action, the mistake of battery is also resulted in
It fills so that battery life is greatly reduced, if not doing the mechanism of protection battery deliberately, it is easy to be generated to battery huge
Damage, one side causes battery capacity big no longer as in the past, and another aspect battery is eliminated the rate of changing and also therefore promoted, and
Excessive battery eliminates the problems such as changing the garbage problem that will also result in and environmental pollution.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of charging structure, which has analog smooth conversion circuit (Analog Smooth
Transition Circuit, abbreviation ASTC) and charging termination circuit (End Of Charge Circuit, abbreviation EOC)
On the one hand charging controller can make whole charging structure be stabilized switching between the conversion of each charge mode, to prevent
Only oscillation effect generates harm to circuit, on the other hand can immediately judge the charged state of battery and stop charging, it is ensured that
Battery will not overcharge.
A kind of charging structure of the present invention, including：Supply unit, rechargeable battery and charging controller；Supply unit
To provide system voltage；Charging controller is to according to the corresponding charging of the voltage level of the positive terminal of rechargeable battery switching
Pattern then terminates charging action when being down to pre-set current value to the charging current that rechargeable battery charges.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned charging controller includes：Power switch, smooth conversion circuit and
Charging termination circuit；There is power switch first end, second end and gate terminal, the first end of power switch to receive system voltage,
And the second end of power switch couples the positive terminal of rechargeable battery and obtains output end voltage level；Smooth conversion circuit coupling electricity
The gate terminal of source switch, to according to the gate terminal of the output end voltage level of the second end of power switch adjustment power switch
Voltage level；Charging termination circuit senses the charging current by the second current sensing circuit, and is dropped in the charging current
When to pre-set current value, then starts charging termination circuit and terminate charging action.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned smooth conversion circuit includes：Bias current source, the first current mirror,
Two current mirrors, third current mirror and the first transistor；Bias current source is providing bias current；The coupling of first current mirror is inclined
Current voltage source to receive bias current, and provides the first electric current according to bias current；Second current mirror concatenates the first electric current
Mirror；Third current mirror is coupled to the first current mirror, and according to first control bias adjustment the first control electric current；The first transistor has
There are first end, second end and gate terminal, the first end of the first transistor to receive system voltage, and the grid termination of the first transistor
The second control bias is received, and according to second control bias adjustment the second control electric current, wherein the first control electric current and the second control
Electric current between electric current and it is equal to the first electric current, and smooth conversion circuit is according to the electricity of the gate terminal of electric current and adjustment power switch
Voltage level.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned charging termination circuit includes：Breaking current source, the 4th current mirror,
Five transistors, the 5th current mirror, the 6th current mirror, the second current sensor and the 7th current mirror；Breaking current source is carrying
Electric current for reference；4th current mirror receives reference current, to provide one second electric current according to reference current；5th transistor has
First end, second end and gate terminal, first end are coupled to the 4th current mirror, and gate terminal is coupled to mode selection circuit, to
The conducting state in the path of the second electric current is determined according to the level of setting voltage；5th current mirror couples the second of the 5th transistor
End, to receive the second electric current and generate third electric current according to the second electric current；6th current mirror concatenates the 5th current mirror, to connect
It receives and transmits third electric current；Second current sensor is to sense the level of the positive terminal of rechargeable battery, to generate the second sensing
Electric current；7th current mirror couples the second current sensor, to receive the second sensing electric current and be generated according to the second sensing electric current
4th electric current, wherein the charging termination circuit determine the 6th electricity according to the current difference between the third electric current and the 4th electric current
Flow the node voltage level between mirror and the 7th current mirror.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned charging termination circuit further includes：Phase inverter has input terminal and output
End, input terminal are coupled between the 6th current mirror and the 7th current mirror, and output end is coupled to the 6th transistor, are used
To export reverse phase result according to the node voltage level between the 6th current mirror and the 7th current mirror.
In one embodiment of this invention, above-mentioned charging controller further includes the 6th transistor, has first end, the
Two ends and gate terminal, and the first end coupling system voltage of the 6th transistor, the second end of the 6th transistor are coupled to power supply and open
The gate terminal of pass, gate terminal is coupled to charging termination circuit, and determines conducting state according to reverse phase result.
Based on above-mentioned, the present invention proposes a kind of charging structure with smooth conversion circuit and charging termination circuit, one
The aspect present invention is interlocked by smooth conversion circuit switches the function that charge mode reaches continuous output voltage stabilizing, mitigates output whereby
The voltage level and improvement chain wave voltage at end, on the other hand, the present invention is accurately filled battery capacity by charging termination circuit
It is full, and electric current is directly sensed by transistor to reduce the error on judging, so as to more accurately charge closing flow.Cause
This, the battery that charging structure proposed by the invention will not both injure also can accurately fill full lithium battery, substantially improve charging
Quality and the service life for extending battery.
To make the foregoing features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, special embodiment below, and it is detailed to coordinate attached drawing to make
Carefully it is described as follows.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of oscillogram of the charging flow of charging controller of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure diagram of charging controller of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of charging structure of one embodiment of the invention.
Reference sign：
10：Charging structure；
100：Charging controller；
102：Rechargeable battery；
104：Supply unit；
110：Smooth conversion circuit；
112、114、116：Current mirror；
120：Mode selection circuit；
122、124：Voltage comparator；
130：Charging termination circuit；
131~134：Current mirror；
135、140：Current sensor；
136：Phase inverter；
MP：Power switch；
M1~M4, MCAP1、MCAP2、MP1~MP4、MN1~MN4、MEN、ME、MEOC、MF、MS、MC、MD、MVA、ML、MN：Transistor；
Vc：Node voltage；
Vdd：System voltage；
Vss：Ground voltage；
Vo：Output end voltage；
VG：Grid voltage；
Vset：Set voltage；
Veoc：Control bias；
Vcom、VI、Vref：Reference voltage；
Rsen：Sense resistance；
RSET1、RSET2、RSET3：Set resistance；
Rfb1、Rfb2：Divider resistance；
I1、I2、I3、I4、IH、IL：Electric current；
ICC、ICV：Control electric current；
ID1、ID2：Sense electric current；
Icut-off：Breaking current；
IBIAS：Bias current source；
tcut-off：Deadline；
VL、Vn：Preset reset voltage level；
VSTOP：Voltage level；
Asen：Voltage comparator；
Acc、Acv：Error amplifier.
Specific implementation mode
With detailed reference to exemplary embodiment disclosed by the invention, illustrate the reality of the exemplary embodiment in the accompanying drawings
Example.In addition, any possible place, uses element/component/symbology of identical label identical in the drawings and embodiments
Or similar portions.
First, Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of charging structure of one embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Fig. 3, charging knot
Structure 10 includes：Supply unit 104, charging controller 100 and rechargeable battery 102.In the present embodiment, supply unit 104
Can be at least there is charger, mobile power or the fuel cell module etc. of electric energy output function, but be not restricted to
This.In addition, charging controller 100 and rechargeable battery 102 are configured in different types of terminal installation, such as：It is electronic
Vehicle or handheld apparatus (such as：Smart mobile phone, tablet computer etc.), but it is not restricted to this.
In the present embodiment, when having charge requirement and rechargeable battery is connected to supply unit 104, then Charge Management fills
Corresponding charge mode can be adjusted according to the voltage level of the positive terminal of rechargeable battery 102 by setting 100, when for rechargeable battery 102
When the charging current to charge is down to pre-set current value, charging controller 100 can terminate charging action.In the present embodiment
In, rechargeable battery can be lithium battery, but be not restricted to this.
Fig. 1 is a kind of oscillogram of the charging flow of charging controller of one embodiment of the invention.Referring to
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, for (Constant Current, the abbreviation CC) charge mode of constant current used by general lithium battery with
And constant voltage (Constant Voltage, abbreviation CV) charge mode is the most widely used charging method now, and at this
In embodiment, charging controller 100 can be divided into four charge modes for the charging process of rechargeable battery 102, respectively small
Electric current charging (Trickle Charge, abbreviation TC) pattern, CC patterns, CC-CV patterns, CV patterns and cut-off charge mode,
Wherein dashed curve represents cell voltage, and Right vertical axis represents charging voltage, and block curve represents battery current, left vertical
Axis represents charging current, and horizontal axis then indicates the charging time.
Under TC patterns, due to rechargeable battery over-discharge, cell voltage is relatively low, therefore charging controller 100 is first with small
Electric current charges, when the battery voltage of rechargeable battery 102 is charged to preset reset voltage level VLAfterwards, charging controller 100
Charge mode is switched into CC patterns again.It is noted that due to 100 initial stage of charging controller to battery using low current into
Row charging can avoid directly causing battery temperature to rise or cause battery battery charging with high current (or being constant current)
Damage, to reach effect of charging safety.In the present embodiment, in TC patterns to the transfer point of CC patterns, that is, it is default
Voltage level VLThe voltage value of rechargeable battery 102 is located approximately in 2.8V between 3.2V, but not limited to this.
Then, under CC patterns, charging controller 100 can then use constant current IHConstant current is carried out to rechargeable battery 102
Charging.It is gradually promoted to preset reset voltage level V with the cell voltage of rechargeable battery 102nWhen, then in charging controller 100
Constant current circuit (not shown) gradually fail, and gradually by the constant voltage circuit (not shown) in charging controller 100 into
Row substitution.In other words, charging controller 100 increases the charging current of rechargeable battery 102 with cell voltage at this time
And gradually successively decrease, and charging controller 10 can also enter a kind of mixed mode of CC-CV, that is, CC moulds as shown in Figure 1
Transfer point between formula and CV patterns.In the present embodiment, preset reset voltage level VnThe voltage value of rechargeable battery is located approximately in 4.2V,
But not limited to this.
It is moreover observed that the smooth conversion circuit (not shown) in charging controller 100 is using staggeredly control at this time
The state for making, toggling CC patterns and CV patterns, with the output end voltage of constant charge managing device 100 (later by reference
Fig. 2 is illustrated further), the chain wave voltage (ripple voltage) occurred in mode handover procedure is reduced, to reach
The effect of smooth conversion.And circuit progresses into CV patterns later, output voltage will slowly rise at this time, under charging current is rapid
Drop.Finally, charging controller 100 (is, for example, less than pre-set current value for the charging current that rechargeable battery 102 charges
Icut-off) when, and charging controller 100 can then enter cut-off charge mode from CV pattern switchings and (will make more with reference to Fig. 2 later
It further illustrates).
It is each item in reference above-mentioned Fig. 1, Fig. 2 in charging controller 100 below to become apparent from explanation, with
Illustrate the 100 specific operating process of charging controller of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure diagram of charging controller of one embodiment of the invention.Please refer to Fig. 2, charging valve
Reason device 100 includes at least：Power switch MP, smooth conversion circuit (Analog Smooth Transition Circuit, letter
Claim ASTC) 110, mode selection circuit 120, charging termination circuit (End Of Charge Circuit, abbreviation EOC) 130 and
Current sensor 140, wherein power switch MPFirst end be coupled to system voltage Vdd, power switch MPSecond end be coupled to
Mode selection circuit 120, charging termination circuit 130 and current sensor 140, while power switch MPSecond end can be used as
The output voltage terminal of charging controller 100, and power switch MPGate terminal be then coupled to smooth conversion circuit 110, charging
Termination circuit 130 and current sensor 140.
In one embodiment, mode selection circuit 120 includes：Transistor ML, setting resistance RSET1, setting resistance RSET2, set
Determine resistance RSET3, voltage comparator 122, voltage comparator 124 and transistor MN, wherein transistor MLIt is aoxidized with P-channel metal
Object semiconductor (P-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, abbreviation PMOS) transistor is example, and transistor ML
It is with N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) (N-channel Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, abbreviation NMOS) transistor
Example.Transistor MLWith first end, second end and gate terminal, transistor MLFirst end is coupled to system voltage Vdd, grid
The extreme output end for being coupled to voltage comparator 122, transistor MLSecond end output setting voltage.
As for setting resistance RSET1, setting resistance RSET2, setting resistance RSET3Part, setting resistance RSET1With first
End and second end, setting resistance RSET1First end be coupled to transistor MLSecond end.Set resistance RSET2With first end
And second end, setting resistance RSET2First end be coupled to setting resistance RSET1Second end.Set resistance RSET3With first
End and second end, setting resistance RSET3First end be coupled to setting resistance RSET2Second end, setting resistance RSET3Second
End is coupled to ground voltage Vss.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned setting resistance RSET1, setting resistance RSET2, setting resistance RSET3's
Quantity can be adjusted according to design alternative, be not limited thereto.
In addition, the voltage comparator 122 in mode selection circuit 120 has positive input terminal, negative input end and output end,
The positive input terminal of voltage comparator 122 is coupled to setting resistance RSET1Second end and setting resistance RSET2First end, voltage
The negative input end of comparator 122 is coupled to reference voltage VI, to lock setting resistance RSET1With setting resistance RSET2Intermediate node
Voltage.In addition, voltage comparator 124 have positive input terminal, negative input end and output end, voltage comparator 124 it is just defeated
Enter end and receive output end voltage Vo, the negative input end of voltage comparator 124 receives reference voltage Vcom, to compare output end electricity
Vo and reference voltage Vcom is pressed, with output control bias Veoc.In the present embodiment, reference voltage Vcom is about 3V, but not with this
It is limited.Transistor M in mode selection circuit 120NWith first end, second end and gate terminal, transistor MNFirst end coupling
It is connected to setting resistance RSET3First end, transistor MNSecond end be coupled to setting resistance RSET3Second end, transistor MN's
Gate terminal is coupled to the output end of voltage comparator 124, to according to control bias VeocDetermine conducting state.
More specifically, mode selection circuit 120 can determine Charge Management dress according to the voltage level of output end voltage Vo
The charge mode for setting 100 is TC patterns or CC patterns.For example, when output end voltage Vo is less than reference voltage Vcom, electricity
Comparator 124 is pressed to export the control bias V of low level (for example, 0V)eoc, cause transistor MNShutdown, then flow through transistor ML's
Electric current is along setting resistance RSET1, setting resistance RSET2, setting resistance RSET3Path flowing, and then mode selection circuit 120 is defeated
Go out corresponding setting voltage Vset, then charging controller 100 can charge to rechargeable battery with TC patterns at this time.Work as output
When terminal voltage Vo is more than reference voltage Vcom, voltage comparator 124 exports the control bias V of high leveleoc, cause transistor MN
Conducting, then flow through transistor MLElectric current along setting resistance RSET1, setting resistance RSET2, transistor MNPath flowing, in turn
Mode selection circuit 120 exports corresponding setting voltage Vset, then charging controller 100 then switches to CC patterns to filling at this time
Battery charges.
On the other hand, when charging controller 100 is no matter under TC patterns or CC patterns, in charging controller 100
Current sensor 140 flow through power switch M to sensePElectric current, to generate sensing electric current ID1.
In one embodiment, charging controller 100 includes sensing resistance RsenAnd error amplifier Acc.Sense resistance
RsenWith first end and second end, first end is coupled to current sensor 140, and second end is coupled to ground voltage Vss,
To generate sensing voltage according to sensing electric current ID1.Error amplifier Acc tool positive input terminals and negative input end, positive input
End is coupled to sensing resistance RsenFirst end, negative input end is coupled to mode selection circuit 120, to receive and compare sense
Voltage and setting voltage Vset are surveyed, is biased into smooth conversion circuit 110 to generate the first control, as shown in Figure 2.
In one embodiment, charging controller 100 further includes divider resistance Rfb1, divider resistance Rfb2And error amplification
Device Acv.Divider resistance Rfb1With first end and second end, first end is coupled to output end voltage Vo.Divider resistance Rfb2Tool
There are first end and second end, first end to be coupled to partial pressure electricity group Rfb1First end, second end is coupled to ground voltage Vss.
Error amplifier Acv tool positive input terminals and negative input end, positive input terminal are coupled to divider resistance Rfb1Second end and partial pressure
Resistance Rfb2First end with receive partial pressure, negative input end receive reference voltage Vref, to receive and compare partial pressure with reference
Voltage Vref is biased into smooth conversion circuit 110, as shown in Figure 2 to generate the second control.
With continued reference to Fig. 2, the smooth conversion circuit 110 in charging controller 100 includes：Bias current source IBIAS, electricity
Flow mirror 114, current mirror 112, current mirror 116 and transistor MVA, wherein transistor MVAUsing PMOS transistor as example.Bias
Current source IBIASTo provide bias current.Current mirror 114 includes transistor M1, transistor M3, wherein transistor M1, transistor
For M3 using NMOS transistor as example, current mirror 114 couples bias current source IBIAS, to receive bias current, and according to bias
Electric current provides electric current I1.Current mirror 112 includes transistor M2, transistor M4, and transistor M2, transistor M4 are with NMOS transistor
Example, current mirror 112 concatenate current mirror 114.Current mirror 116 includes transistor MCAP1, transistor MCAP2, wherein transistor MCAP1、
Transistor MCAP2Using PMOS transistor as example, and current mirror 116 is coupled to current mirror 114, and according to error amplifier Acc institutes
The the first control bias adjustment control electric current I generatedCCSize.As for the transistor M in smooth conversion circuit 110VAWith
One end, second end and gate terminal, transistor MVAFirst end receive system voltage Vdd, and transistor MVAGate terminal receive simultaneously
According to the second control bias adjustment control electric current I caused by error amplifier AcvCVSize.
More specifically, because bias current source IBIASElectric current I1 is generated by current mirror 114, current mirror 112, also due to
Electric current I1 and control electric current ICCAnd control electric current ICVOn same path, therefore control electric current ICCAnd control electric current ICVIt
Between electric current and will be locked by electric current I1, therefore smooth conversion circuit 110 is between CC patterns and CV patterns, can be according to control electricity
Flow ICCWith control electric current ICVBetween electric current and staggeredly adjustment (similar to a kind of variation that electric current is pullled), opened with mitigating power supply
Close MPGrid voltage VGVoltage level improve the voltage level of output end whereby to reach the function of continuous output voltage stabilizing
And reduce chain wave voltage.
In one embodiment, charging termination circuit 130 includes：Breaking current Icut-off, current mirror 131, transistor MEN, electricity
Flow mirror 133, current mirror 132, current mirror 134, current sensor 135 and phase inverter 136, wherein transistor MENWith NMOS crystal
Pipe is example.Breaking current Icut-offTo provide reference current.Current mirror 131 in charging termination circuit 130 includes crystal
Pipe MN3, transistor MN4, wherein transistor MN3, transistor MN4Using NMOS transistor as example, and current mirror 131 is received with reference to electricity
Stream, to provide electric current I2 according to reference current.Transistor MENWith first end, second end and gate terminal, transistor MENFirst
End is coupled to current mirror 131, transistor MENGate terminal be coupled to mode selection circuit 120, to according to control bias Veoc's
Voltage level determines the conducting state of the transmission path of electric current I2.
More specifically, the control pulled out when the output end of the voltage comparator 124 in mode selection circuit 120 is inclined
Press VeocVoltage level be low level (for example, 0 volt) when, then can turn off transistor MEN, i.e. the transmission road of cut-off current I2
Diameter.As the control bias V that the output end of the voltage comparator 124 in mode selection circuit 120 is pulled outeocVoltage level
For high level when, then transistor M can be connectedEN, i.e. the transmission path of conducting electric current I2.
Please continue to refer to Fig. 2, the current mirror 133 in charging termination circuit 130 includes transistor MP2, transistor MP4, wherein
Transistor MP2, transistor MP4Using PMOS transistor as example, 133 coupling transistors M of current mirrorENSecond end.Current mirror 132
Including transistor MP1And transistor MP3, wherein transistor MP1And transistor MP3Using PMOS transistor as example, and current mirror
132 concatenation current mirrors 133.As transistor MENWhen conducting, current mirror 132 to receive and generate electric current I3 according to electric current I2, and
For current mirror 133 then to receive and transmit electric current I3, wherein electric current I2 is equal to electric current I3.
On the other hand, the current sensor 135 in charging termination circuit 130 is sensing the electricity of the positive terminal of rechargeable battery
Voltage level, to generate sensing electric current ID2.Current mirror 134 in charging termination circuit 130 includes transistor MN1And transistor
MN2, wherein transistor MN1And transistor MN2Using NMOS transistor as example, and current mirror 134 couples current sensor 135,
To receive sensing electric current ID2 and generate electric current I4 according to sensing electric current ID2, wherein sensing electric current ID2 is equal to electric current I4.As for
The input terminal of phase inverter 136 in charging termination circuit 130 is then coupled between current mirror 133 and current mirror 134, phase inverter
136 output is then coupled to transistor MCGate terminal.It is fixed current value due to electric current I3 and is located at electric current I4 identical
In transmission path, therefore it can be determined between current mirror 133 and current mirror 134 according to the current difference between electric current I3 and electric current I4
The voltage level of node voltage Vc.In other words, when the value of electric current I4 rises, then under the voltage level of node voltage Vc i.e. meeting
Drop；Conversely, when the value of electric current I4 declines, then the voltage level of node voltage Vc can rise.Then, via phase inverter
136 output reverse phase results.
In the present embodiment, charging controller 100 further includes transistor MC, there is first end, second end and gate terminal,
And transistor MCFirst end coupling system voltage Vdd, transistor MCSecond end be coupled to power switch MpGate terminal, it is brilliant
The gate terminal of body pipe MC is coupled to the phase inverter 136 of charging termination circuit 130, and the reverse phase knot exported according to phase inverter 136
Fruit switched conductive state, wherein transistor MCUsing PMOS transistor as example.As transistor MCThe reverse phase knot that receives of gate terminal
When fruit is high level, is then connected and makes power switch MPGrid voltage VGVoltage level be raised, lead to power switch MPQuilt
Shutdown, it (is, for example, I to be down to pre-set current value for the charging current of rechargeable batterycut-off), so that charging controller 100
Into cut-off charge mode, and terminate charging action.Whereby, it is full can accurately to judge that battery is filled for charging termination circuit 130,
And timely charge closing flow, to prevent overcharging for battery, to reach protection lithium-ion battery charger circuit and battery
Purpose.
In conclusion the present invention proposes a kind of charging structure with smooth conversion circuit and charging termination circuit, one
The aspect present invention is interlocked by smooth conversion circuit switches the function that charge mode reaches continuous output voltage stabilizing, mitigates output whereby
The voltage level and improvement chain wave voltage at end；On the other hand, the present invention is accurately filled battery capacity by charging termination circuit
It is full, and electric current is directly sensed by transistor to reduce the error on judging, so as to more accurately charge closing flow.Cause
This, the battery that charging structure proposed by the invention will not both injure also can accurately fill full lithium battery, substantially improve charging
Quality and the service life for extending battery.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of charging structure, which is characterized in that including：
Supply unit, to provide system voltage；
Rechargeable battery is connected in parallel to the supply unit；And
Charging controller is connected in parallel to the supply unit and the rechargeable battery, to according to the electricity of the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery
Voltage level switches corresponding charge mode, when the charging current to charge to the rechargeable battery is down to pre-set current value, then
Charging action is terminated, the wherein charging controller includes：
Power switch has first end, second end and gate terminal, and the first end of the power switch receives the system voltage, and is somebody's turn to do
The second end of power switch couples the positive terminal of the rechargeable battery and obtains output end voltage level；And
Smooth conversion circuit couples the gate terminal of the power switch, to according to the output end of the second end of the power switch
Voltage level adjusts the voltage level of the gate terminal of the power switch, and wherein smooth conversion circuit includes：
Bias current source, to provide bias current；
First current mirror couples the bias current source, to receive the bias current, and provides the first electricity according to the bias current
Stream；
Second current mirror concatenates first current mirror；
Third current mirror is coupled to first current mirror, and according to first control bias adjustment the first control electric current；And
There is the first transistor first end, second end and gate terminal, the first end of the first transistor to receive the system voltage,
And the gate terminal of the first transistor receives the second control bias, and electric current is controlled according to the second control bias adjustment second,
Wherein, the electric current between the first control electric current and the second control electric current and it is equal to first electric current, and this smooth turns
Change gate voltage level of the circuit according to the electric current and the gate terminal for adjusting the power switch.
2. charging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging controller further includes：
Charging termination circuit couples the second end of the power switch, to pass through the second sensing circuit senses charging therein
Electric current, and when the charging current is down to the pre-set current value, then terminate the charging action.
3. charging structure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the charging termination circuit includes：
Breaking current source, to provide reference current；
4th current mirror receives the reference current, to provide one second electric current according to the reference current；
There is 5th transistor first end, second end and gate terminal, the first end of the 5th transistor to be coupled to the 4th electric current
Mirror, the gate terminal are coupled to the mode selection circuit, to determine the path of second electric current according to the level of the setting voltage
Conducting state；
5th current mirror couples the second end of the 5th transistor, to receive second electric current and be produced according to second electric current
Raw third electric current；
6th current mirror concatenates the 5th current mirror, to receive and transmit the third electric current；
Second current sensor, to sense the rechargeable battery positive terminal current level, with generate second sensing electric current；
And
7th current mirror couples second current sensor, to receive this second sensing electric current and according to this second sensing electricity
Raw 4th electric current of miscarriage,
Wherein the charging termination circuit determines the 6th current mirror according to the current difference between the third electric current and the 4th electric current
With the node voltage level between the 7th current mirror.
4. charging structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the charging termination circuit further includes：
There is phase inverter input terminal and output end, input terminal to be coupled between the 6th current mirror and the 7th current mirror,
Output end is coupled to the 6th transistor, to according to the node voltage level between the 6th current mirror and the 7th current mirror
Export reverse phase result.
5. charging structure according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the charging controller further includes：
6th transistor has first end, second end and gate terminal, and the first end of the 6th transistor couples system electricity
Pressure, the second end of the 6th transistor are coupled to the gate terminal of the power switch, and gate terminal is coupled to the charging termination circuit,
And conducting state is determined according to the reverse phase result.
6. charging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：
First current sensor is coupled between the power switch and the smooth conversion circuit, to sense the power switch
The output end voltage level of second end, to generate the first sensing electric current.
7. charging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging controller further includes：
Mode selection circuit to determine charge mode according to the output end voltage level, and exports setting voltage, wherein wrapping
It includes：
First setting resistance, there is first end and second end, first end to be coupled to the second end of the third transistor；
There is second setting resistance first end and second end, first end to be coupled to the second end of the first setting resistance；
Third sets resistance, and there is first end and second end, first end to be coupled to the second end of the second setting resistance,
Second end is coupled to ground voltage；
There is first voltage comparator positive input terminal, negative input end and output end, positive input terminal to be coupled to first setting
The first end of the second end of resistance and the second setting resistance, negative input end is coupled to third reference voltage, to receive
And compare the partial pressure between the third reference voltage and the first setting resistance and the second setting resistance；
There is third transistor first end, second end and gate terminal, first end to be coupled to the system voltage, gate terminal
It is coupled to the output end of the first voltage comparator, and the setting voltage is exported by its second end；
There is second voltage comparator positive input terminal, negative input end and output end, the wherein positive input terminal to receive the output end
Voltage, the negative input end receive the first reference voltage, and compare the output end voltage and generate a third with first reference voltage
Control bias；And
There is 4th transistor first end, second end and gate terminal, first end to be coupled to the first of third setting resistance
End, second end are coupled to the second end of third setting resistance, and gate terminal is coupled to the output of the first voltage comparator
End determines conducting state to control bias according to the third.
8. charging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging controller further includes：
Resistance is sensed, there is first end and second end, first end to be coupled to first current sensor, second end is coupled to
The ground voltage, to generate the first sensing voltage according to the first sensing electric current；And
First error amplifier, has positive input terminal and negative input end, positive input terminal are coupled to the first end of the sensing resistance,
Its negative input end is coupled to the mode selection circuit, to receive and compare first sensing voltage and setting voltage, to generate
The first control bias.
9. charging structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charging controller further includes：
There is first divider resistance first end and second end, first end to receive the output end voltage；
There is second divider resistance first end and second end, first end to be coupled to the first end of the first partial pressure electricity group, the
Two ends are coupled to the ground voltage；And
There is second error amplifier positive input terminal and negative input end, positive input terminal to be coupled to first divider resistance
Second end and the first end of the second divider resistance are divided with receiving, and negative input end receives the second reference voltage, to receive simultaneously
Compare the partial pressure and second reference voltage, to generate the second control bias.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101467329A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-06-24 | 三美电机株式会社 | Charging circuit for secondary battery |
| CN101764418A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-06-30 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Charging system and charging circuit for batteries, as well as method for controlling charging of the battery |
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| US8138724B2 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2012-03-20 | Intel Corporation | Battery pulse charging method and apparatus |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101467329A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-06-24 | 三美电机株式会社 | Charging circuit for secondary battery |
| CN101764418A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-06-30 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Charging system and charging circuit for batteries, as well as method for controlling charging of the battery |
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