CN105514998B - It is a kind of to consider the unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of substation - Google Patents
It is a kind of to consider the unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of substation Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/001—Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/16—Electric power substations
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Abstract
Consider the unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of substation the present invention relates to a kind of, based on the unattended present situation with straighforward operation of substation, consider circuit remote operation and the probability of success that puts into operation, circuit is established to put into operation time-constrained model, it asks for the time that circuit puts into operation and it is expected weights as circuit, with reference to limiting factors such as the startup time limit of unit, output feature and leading phase operation abilities, shortest path is calculated with Dick Lars algorithm, defines unit starting comprehensive priority index.The present invention has closing to reality, and the characteristics of can instructing on-line decision can be applied to the formulation and adjustment in real time of black-start scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, and in particular to a kind of to consider that substation is unattended and circuit straighforward operation
Black-start method.
Background technology
With the frequent generation of large-scale blackout, after grid power blackout accident, how safety, fast quick-recovery operation of power networks, subtract
Few economic loss has been increasingly becoming the subject of people's concern and research.Generally black starting-up process is divided into and connects each other and is connected
Three phases：Black starting-up, network reconfiguration and load restoration.
The gradual improvement of the development of power grid and operational mode, China have gradually realized 500kV and following substation
Unattended pattern.The fusion of regulation and control one makes remote operation technology constantly be applied to actual production, at present China Jiangsu, Hebei
Provinces is waited to promote tentative breaker and disconnecting switch remote operation successively, the manipulation of substation enters new development situation.
The realization of remote control technology makes the realization of electric network emergency processing capacity rise to, but due to unattended system and remote control simultaneously
It generates, when black starting-up accident occurs, according to《Electric power safety working regulation》Deng regulation, some recovery operations need restoring to have
Carried out in the case of people is on duty, and garrison in " central station " operation maintenance personnel needs rush for " regulated station ", as shown in Figure 1.According to
0.5-3 hours or more may be needed by counting (Hebei province) arrival " regulated station " due to traffic, weather etc., so prolonged
Waiting can affect greatly the process of black starting-up, therefore need to be subject to research and analysis to this problem, formulate more rational side
Case.Under conditions of substation's remote operation time limit and the line start probability of success is considered, when research power grid is had a power failure on a large scale, generator
The reconstruction of group boot sequence and skeleton proposes the method for commissioning of more practical in production, and black-start scheme is formulated
There is reference value with on-line decision.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of consideration substation it is unattended and generally implement remotely grasp
Black starting-up modeling and analysis methods under the conditions of control closer to power grid actual conditions, with practical value.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of to consider the unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of substation, key technology is：Pass through
It is modeled for the remote control of substation under unattended pattern, obtains the time expected cost of line start, considered black
The other limiting factors started, make system recovery scheme.
Specifically comprise the following steps：
Step 1: its line loop operation time limit, straighforward operation coverage coefficient and circuit are defined to every circuit j restores probability,
Wherein, j represents the number of circuit, j=1,2,3 ...；
The line loop operation time limit includes the time t needed for remote operation circuit j1j, time needed for execute-in-place circuit j
t2j, such as operate the unsuccessful time t handled equipment inspection on circuit j3j, send someone from central station to rush for circuit j both sides substation
Required time tNode j, circuit j both sides substation restore the time t that someone still needs to4jIt can time for still needing to of execute-in-place with circuit j
t5j；Wherein t1j, t2j, t3j, tNode jIt is obtained by every circuit j operation datas statistics, t4jDefinition (1) it is as follows：
In above formula (1), t0jIt represents since having a power failure on a large scale to the time sent someone to j circuits both sides substation；
Since t represent the time variable of the timing having a power failure on a large scale；
Circuit can execute-in-place still take time t5jDepending on both ends substation takes time, t5jDefinition (2) it is as follows：
t5j=max (t4j,a,t4j,b) (2)
In above formula (2), a, b represent the number of circuit j both ends substation respectively；
t4j,aRepresent that the substation a of circuit j both sides restores the time that someone still needs to；
t4j,bRepresent that the substation b of circuit j both sides restores the time that someone still needs to；
When remote control operation substation is not up to 100% or transformer substation remote-control operating system is unavailable individually,
The mode of operation of substation should be distinguish according to actual conditions, therefore defined the straighforward operation coverage coefficient and be directed to circuit j tables
It is shown as λj, formula (3) is as follows：
In above formula (3), when the circuit j both ends substation can all realize straighforward operation, the circuit j remote control operations are thrown
Enter, the straighforward operation coverage coefficient λ of the circuit jjIt is determined by the instant operating status of power grid；
The circuit restores probability and includes straighforward operation input circuit probability of success P ' for circuit jjAnd substation field
Mode of operation circuit input probability of success P "j；
It is put into recovery process into row line, the input of circuit j passes through a distant place there are certain recovery probability of failure
Straighforward operation input circuit probability of success P 'jIt is less than substation field mode of operation circuit input probability of success P "j, i.e. P "j>
P′j.This is because remote control operation is operating mechanism in station to be called to realize by communication system, therefore reliability will be by logical
Letter system restricts.P′jIt can be counted and obtained by long-term straighforward operation, P "jIt is reliable to be primarily limited to switching overvoltage, operating system
Property etc..
Step 2: the line loop operation time limit according to defined in step 1, straighforward operation coverage coefficient and circuit restore probability meter
The startup time for calculating every circuit j it is expected：
Consider power grid actual conditions, setting service condition is as follows：Think can be remotely controlled the circuit j of operation, first choice remote control
Operation mode puts into row line and operates；The circuit j for being not available for remote operation sends someone to rush for line related after a failure at once
The substation of both sides；Think t0jIn the case of moment remote operation is unsuccessful, then the Starting mode of circuit j is converted into execute-in-place,
At once it sends someone to go to both sides substation；Think that circuit j remote operations are unsuccessful or execute-in-place it is unsuccessful in the case of, scene carries out
Once time-consuming t3jInspection processing after can 100% success when next scene starts；Think the time of recovery someone of central station
t4j=0；
Under line start time limit and startup probability scenarios during consideration more than black starting-up, opened for every circuit foundation
The dynamic time it is expected.
The startup time is desired for starting for the first time the expectation function T of required timej(t) or the time required to being again started up
Expectation function T 'j(t), Tj(t) calculation formula (4) is as follows：
Tj(t)=λj[[t1jP′j+(1-P′j)(t1j+t2j+t3j+t5j)]]+λj-1[[(t2j+t5j)P″j+(1-P″j)(2t2j+
t3j+t5j)] ] (4)
When starting for the first time successfully, circuit is again started up time expectation function T 'j(t) it is defined as a minimum numerical constant；
When starting failure for the first time, then P ' is enabledj、P″jIt is zero, calculates the expectation function T ' the time required to it is again started upj(t), it calculates public
Formula (5) is as follows：
Step 3: the expectation function T for starting required time for the first time with every circuit j of t momentj(t) or it is again started up institute
The expectation function T ' to take timej(t) as weights, regard power grid to be launched as a non-directed graph, call Dick Lars algorithm meter
Calculation obtains every generating set i to the most short startup path of startup power supply point；I represents the number of generating set, i=1,2,3 ...；
Dick Lars algorithm (dijkstra's algorithm) is to use one path tree of method construct increased point by point, so as to
To the root node from the tree to the shortest path of other all nodes, when which is suitable for the weights on known power grid center line road,
Minimum weights path is asked between any two economize on electricity, and the present invention calculates the most short startup path of unit using this algorithm.
Step 4: for the most short startup path for the generating set i that t moment is acquired in step 3, generating set i is calculated
Comprehensive priority index ηi, calculation formula (6) is as follows：
In above formula (6), εiRepresent the correction factor of generating set i；When generating set i is fired power generating unit, then ε=1, when
When generating set i is Hydropower Unit, then ε is more than 1；It contributes after starting due to Hydropower Unit rapid, regulating power is strong, definition power generation
Machine group correction coefficient εi, enhance Hydropower Unit priority.
PGMiRepresent the rated active power of generating set i；
L represents the number of, lines that current power transmission path includes；
Tj(t) represent that circuit j starts or be again started up the expectation function of required time for the first time；
Represent the most short T for starting all circuit j in pathj(t) summation；
Step 5: the comprehensive priority index η of each generating set of t moment is calculated for step 4i, choose each
Comprehensive priority index η in a generating setiMaximum generating set carries out startup verification, and starting startup limitation in verification will expire
Sufficient generating set starts limiting factor and start-up course limiting factor；When being verified by starting, then start comprehensive priority and refer to
Mark ηiMaximum generating set；When failing to verify by starting, then comprehensive priority index η is choseniThe generating set of suboptimum into
Row verification, until obtaining the generating set by starting verification；When in the step 5 by conventional voltage adjust operation,
Start-up course voltage can be made not prescribe a time limit more, then meet limitation requirement, you can verify by starting.
Wherein, meet what the generating set that the generating set startup limiting factor i.e. separate unit has obtained station service can be sent out
Maximum active-power Pi(t), as shown in Figure 2, meet the Pi(t) calculation formula (7) is as follows：
In above formula (7), TsiRepresent that generating set i obtains the startup power supply moment；
T1iRepresent time needed for generating set i outputs；
T2iRepresent the climbing time of generating set i；
PMiRepresent the maximum active power of generating set i；
KiRepresent the creep speed of generating set i.
Wherein, the start-up course limiting factor includes following factor：
1) startup power limiting factor：
The verification of each step, which puts into new equipment and all needs to meet, in system recovery procedure all has been turned on having for generating set
Work(power need to be more than the station service for the unit that generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and put into the sum of load, and expression formula (8) is as follows：
In above formula (8), PGiRepresent the active power of generating set i；
PDiRepresent the station service size of generating set i；
PkRepresent node k input payloads；
N represents grid-connected unit quantity；
M expressions have put into load bus quantity；
2) start time limit limiting factor：
There is maximum critical startup time-constrain, i.e. 0 ＜ T for thermal starting fired power generating unit isi≤TCH,i, wherein TCH,iTable
Show thermal starting fired power generating unit i maximum critical thermal starting times, TsiRepresent that thermal starting fired power generating unit i obtains the startup power supply moment；
For cold start-up fired power generating unit i there is minimum critical to start time-constrain, i.e. Tsi≥TCC,i, wherein TCC,iRepresent cold
The minimum critical for starting unit i starts time, TsiRepresent that cold start-up fired power generating unit i obtains the startup power supply moment；
3) voltage and trend limiting factor：
Each moment during power system restoration in the range of grid-connected unit active and reactive power is contributed, meets all
Node k voltages are not out-of-limit, all circuit j nonoverloads meet following inequality group (9)：
In above formula (9), PGi、QGiRepresent to have put into the active power and reactive power of generating set i respectively；
PjExpression has put into the conveying active power size of circuit j；
UkExpression has put into the voltage swing of node k.
The active power lower and upper limit of generating set i are represented respectively；
The active power lower and upper limit of generating set i are represented respectively；
PjmaxRepresent the rated power of circuit j；
Minimum, the ceiling voltage of the node k allowed on presentation technology respectively.
Step 6: carry out start-up operation, start-up operation for the generating set by starting verification obtained in step 5
The most short startup path of the generating set acquired from power supply point to generating set to be launched along step 3 carries out, and chooses wherein first
Circuit carries out line loop operation, when the start-up operation for completing first circuit i, updates and all in this moment whole network does not carry out
Cross operation circuit for the first time start the time required to expectation function and carried out start circuit restart required time
Expectation function, data are substituted into as circuit weights after update performs step 3 and sequence execution；
Above-mentioned cycle calculations are until all generating set start completions or the time variable t stop when being more than setting limit value
Only, the setting limit value is generally substation's UPS power-on times.
No matter start success or not, have carry out all circuits expectation function update, each circuit simultaneously only there are one
Start the function of time for the first time or one is again started up the function of time as weights, if carrying out once-through operation success right value update.
It further,, will be comprehensive preferential if being verified without any generating set by starting after the step 6
Grade index is adjusted to start time limit minimum to ensure to start more multi-line during unit climbing.
The thought of entire algorithm is to revert to target rapidly with unit, and using greedy thought, the moment chooses comprehensive priority
Highest and can by start verification unit be started.The circuit composition for connecting unit to be launched starts path, considers in real time
It whether the input of circuit, whether puts into successfully on follow-up decision influence, if there is the unit better than existing startup target, then corrects
Start path.
The implementation of entire algorithm illustrates：
1st, the comprehensive priority index of such as different units is identical, then path selection circuit number it is few, over the ground admittance it is small as into
One step arbitration index.
2nd, due to long transmission line, admittance is excessive over the ground in system recovery procedure, overtension problem usually occurs, it is contemplated that real
Border mesohigh reactor is usually moved back with circuit with throwing, when there is overvoltage, input low tension reactor, load method is taken to alleviate
Overvoltage problem, the preferential selection voltage nodes higher of load input point.
The 3rd, if initial start stage active power is insufficient or is limited by the unit minimum startup time limit, will when can not start unit
Comprehensive priority index is adjusted to start time limit minimum to ensure to start more multi-line during unit climbing, to treat wattful power
Unit puts into operation as early as possible after rate abundance.
4th, algorithm considers that the expectation of start-up cost carries out decision before event occurs, after an event occurs, immediately by event
It is put into decision application next time as Given information.I.e. line start success when, next time calculate in update its start into
This is minimum, when line start fails, need to calculate and be again started up cost.
5th, each power plant only starts a generator, i.e., when power plant contains more generators, only considers to start preferential
Grade highest one.
It is using advantageous effect caused by above-mentioned technical proposal：
A kind of unattended black starting-up modeling and analysis methods with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation provided by the invention,
This method based on the remote control modeling analysis to unattended operation transformer station, by consider the limitation during line start because
Element starts the probability of success and other limiting factors, utilizes Dick Lars algorithmization black-start scheme；This method considers circuit
The actual conditions of startup and scheduling actual state are developed programs more stronger close to circuit operation reality, practicability；This method can
Solution formulation and on-line decision for black starting-up.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution of the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is substation's remote control schematics of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the unit output schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the algorithm logic figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the IEEE39 node systems of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the unit starting path profile of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 5 and specific embodiment pair
Invention carries out clear, complete description.
As shown in Fig. 4~Fig. 5, embodiment 1 selects IEEE39 power saving apparatus to carry out verification analysis as example, it is believed that all
By connection between node, it is as follows to be randomly provided example information：As shown in Figure 4, power grid is divided into dotted line and divides three regions,
Node 6, node 16, tiny node centered on node 26, it is 20 minutes to be connected directly node arrival time with Centroid, remaining is
60 minutes；It is 0 that branch remote control coverage coefficient is connect with node 8, remaining branch is 1；All circuit straighforward operation success rates are
99%, execute-in-place success rate is 99.5%；It is 15 minutes to check processing time；The remote operation time is 5 minutes, execute-in-place
Time is 5 minutes.
30 nodes are black starting-up Hydropower Unit, and rated power 250MW, leading phase operation ability is 80MVar；31-39 Node stations
It organizes as 600MW fired power generating units, under-excitation ability 150Mvar；Fired power generating unit has maximum 2.5 hours time limits of startup；Unit station service
It is the 5% of generator rating power, the climbing time is 70 points；Generate electricity time T1Be 20 points, all types load power because
Number 0.8 has in figure load bus that can just be selected as load input node.
The voltage of each node is limited within the 95%-105% of rated voltage in start-up course；Single load is put into
5 minutes are taken, substation's ups system continued power time is 2 hours, calculates and stops in limited time when starting more than fired power generating unit maximum
Only.
1) the line loop operation time limit defines
It is easy for setting, it is as follows for every circuit j unified definition：T the time required to remote operation circuit1jIt is 5 minutes, it is existing
T the time required to the functional arrangement of field2jIt is 5 minutes, such as operates unsuccessful to equipment inspection processing time t3jIt it is 15 minutes, from center
T the time required to standing to regulated stationNodeIt it is 20 or 60 minutes, someone restores in t moment in calculating substation needs the time：
For every circuit, can execute-in-place still take time t5jDepending on both ends substation takes time
t5j=max (t4j,a,t4j,b)
Wherein, a, b represent the number of circuit j both ends substation respectively.
2) straighforward operation coverage coefficient defines
It is 0 that definition, which connect branch remote control coverage coefficient λ with node 8, remaining branch is 1
3) circuit restores definition of probability
It is 99% to define all circuit straighforward operation success rate P ', and execute-in-place success rate P " is 99.5%；
4) line loop operation time expectation function is obtained
By above step 1) to parameter value substitution following formula each in step 3), the phase for starting the time is established for every circuit j
Hope that function T (t) is as follows
Tj(t)=λj[[t1jP′j+(1-P′j)(t1j+t2j+t3j+t5j)]]+λj-1[[(t2j+t5j)P″j+(1-P″j)(2t2j+
t3j+t5j)]] start-up cost of t moment circuit can be differentiated using expectation function T (t).If circuit carried out start-up operation
Afterwards, it is as follows to be again started up time cost expectation function
5) consider that generator starts limiting factor
TsiRepresent that unit i obtains startup power supply moment, T1iFor 20 minutes times, T needed for unit i outputs2iFor unit
The 70 minutes climbing time of i, PMiFor the maximum active power capacity of unit i, KiCreep speed P for unit iMi/ 70, generation
Enter following formula, obtain unit i goes out force function
6) consider start-up course limitation
Startup power limits：
In system recovery procedure the verification of each step put into new equipment all need to meet it is all have been turned on unit it is active go out
Power ability need to be more than the station service of grid-connected unit and put into the sum of load.I.e.
Wherein PGiRepresent unit i capacity sizes, PDiRepresent the station service size of unit i, PkRepresent that node k inputs are negative
Lotus size, n represent grid-connected unit quantity, and m expressions have put into load bus quantity.Start time limit limitation：
Thermal starting fired power generating unit is respectively provided with maximum critical startup time-constrain 2.5 hours, i.e. 0 ＜ Tsi≤ 150 voltages and tide
Ductility limit system：
Each moment during power system restoration in the range of grid-connected unit active and reactive power capacity, meets
All node voltages are not out-of-limit, all circuit nonoverloads, i.e.,
Wherein, PGi、QGiExpression has put into the output size of generator i, PjExpression has put into the conveying active power of circuit j
Size,For 0.95 times of rated voltage,For 1.05 times of rated voltages.
7) black-start scheme is asked for
Dick Lars algorithm (dijkstra's algorithm) is called using the line loop operation time desired value that step 4) obtains as power
Value, asks for most short startup path.
The comprehensive priority index for defining unit i is：
Wherein, PGMiRepresent the rated generation power of unit i, l represents that current power transmission path includes number of, lines, Tj(t) table
The startup time of timberline road j it is expected.Due to all fired power generating units of unit to be launched, machine group correction coefficient ε is 1.Choose synthesis
The descending unit that carries out one by one of priority indicator carries out startup verification, is abided by during performing logical process as shown in figure 3, asking for
Follow the limitation of step 5) and step 6).
Interpretation of result is as follows：
Launch emergency provision is formulated according to example information, in 145 minutes, shares 26 circuits, 27 nodes, 220MW loads
Input, after the 7th step puts into 14-13, remotely 21 circuits of input, time reach 2 hours altogether, and follow-up 5 circuits switch to scene
Start, the probability that startup scheme is capable of successful implementation is 0.9921×0.9955=79.0%.It is specific to start scheme such as following table institute
Show, start completion configuration of power network is as shown in Figure 5.Before step 2,3,5,7,8 paths input, verified according to algorithm steps
Final stage since admittance is excessive over the ground with 39 node unit connecting line roads, is being restored not yet in 39 node unit commitment paths
It is verified by starting, starts failure.
1 generator of table starts scheme
As shown in Figure 3, idiographic flow is logical flow chart：
1st, line loop operation time, the operation probability of success, node arrival time, reactive-load compensation configuration, node load, hair are read in
Power plant's capacity starts the data sets such as time limit, calculates each circuit and initially it is expected weights.
2nd, Dick Lars algorithm is called, machine group node to be launched is calculated to the shortest path for having been turned on power grid, calculates each
Unit comprehensive priority index to be launched, and sort.
3rd, extraction comprehensive priority index is best and meets the unit starting path to be launched for starting the time limit.Such as verify startup
Occur node voltage in the process more to prescribe a time limit, carry out the operation of the inputs such as low tension reactor, load, cannot still meet and perform step 6, such as
There is circuit overload, then selective extraction priority indicator suboptimum unit carries out startup verification.
If the 4, all unit starting time limits are unsatisfactory for, extract and start time limit minimum unit starting path, carry out such as
Step 3 verifies.
The 5th, step 3 and step 4 are verified to the path to be launched that the startup path passed through saves as the sequence containing line start, into
First line start operation of row according to success or not update basic data is started, updates checking time node.
6th, basic data is updated according to timing node, continues to perform search and verification from step 1, until all hairs to be launched
Motor node terminates when having been turned on or reach specified time T.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
To modify to the technical solution recorded in previous embodiment or carry out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic；And
These modifications are replaced, the spirit and model of technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of consider the unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of substation, it is characterised in that：It includes as follows
Step：
Step 1: its line loop operation time limit, straighforward operation coverage coefficient and circuit are defined to every circuit j restores probability, wherein,
J represents the number of circuit, j=1,2,3 ...；
The line loop operation time limit includes the time t needed for remote operation circuit j1j, time t needed for execute-in-place circuit j2j、
Circuit j such as operates the unsuccessful time t handled equipment inspection3j, from central station send someone to rush for what circuit j both sides substation needed
Time tNode j, circuit j both sides substation restore the time t that someone still needs to4jIt can the time t that still needs to of execute-in-place with circuit j5j；Its
Middle t1j, t2j, t3j, tNode jIt is obtained by every circuit j operation datas statistics, t4jDefinition (1) it is as follows：
In above formula (1), t0jIt represents since having a power failure on a large scale to the time sent someone to j circuits both sides substation；
Since t represent the time variable of the timing having a power failure on a large scale；
t5jDefinition (2) it is as follows：
t5j=max (t4j,a,t4j,b) (2)
In above formula (2), a, b represent the number of circuit j both ends substation respectively；
t4j,aRepresent that the substation a of circuit j both sides restores the time that someone still needs to；
t4j,bRepresent that the substation b of circuit j both sides restores the time that someone still needs to；
The straighforward operation coverage coefficient is expressed as λ for circuit jj, formula (3) is as follows：
In above formula (3), when the circuit j both ends substation can all realize straighforward operation, the circuit j remote control operations input,
The straighforward operation coverage coefficient λ of the circuit jjIt is determined by the instant operating status of power grid；
The circuit restores probability and includes straighforward operation input circuit probability of success P ' for circuit jjWith substation field operation side
Formula circuit input probability of success P "j；
Step 2: the line loop operation time limit according to defined in step 1, straighforward operation coverage coefficient and circuit recovery probability calculation are every
The startup time of circuit j it is expected：
The startup time is desired for starting for the first time the expectation function T of required timej(t) or the expectation the time required to being again started up
Function T 'j(t), Tj(t) calculation formula (4) is as follows：
Tj(t)=λj[t1jP′j+(1-P′j)(t1j+t2j+t3j+t5j)]+|λj-1|[(t2j+t5j)P″j+(1-P″j)(2t2j+t3j+
t5j)] (4)
When starting for the first time successfully, circuit is again started up time expectation function T 'j(t) it is defined as a minimum numerical constant；
When starting failure for the first time, then P ' is enabledj、P″jIt is zero, calculates the expectation function T ' the time required to it is again started upj(t), it counts
It is as follows to calculate formula (5)：
Step 3: the expectation function T for starting required time for the first time with every circuit j of t momentj(t) or the time required to being again started up
Expectation function T 'j(t) as weights, regard power grid to be launched as a non-directed graph, Dick Lars algorithm is called to be calculated
Every generating set i is to the most short startup path of startup power supply point；I represents the number of generating set, i=1,2,3 ...；
Step 4: for the most short startup path for the generating set i that t moment is acquired in step 3, the comprehensive of generating set i is calculated
Close priority indicator ηi, calculation formula (6) is as follows：
In above formula (6), ε represents the correction factor of generating set i；When generating set i is fired power generating unit, then ε=1, works as power generation
When unit i is Hydropower Unit, then ε is more than 1；
PGMiRepresent the rated active power of generating set i；
L represents the number of, lines that current power transmission path includes；
Tj(t) represent that circuit j starts or be again started up the expectation function of required time for the first time；
Represent the most short T for starting all circuit j in pathj(t) summation；
Step 5: the comprehensive priority index η of each generating set of t moment is calculated for step 4i, choose each hair
Comprehensive priority index η in motor groupiMaximum generating set carries out startup verification, and hair will be met by starting to start to limit in verification
Electric unit starting limiting factor and start-up course limiting factor；When being verified by starting, then start comprehensive priority index ηi
Maximum generating set；When failing to verify by starting, then comprehensive priority index η is choseniThe generating set of suboptimum carries out
Verification, until obtaining the generating set by starting verification；
Step 6: for obtaining in step 5 carrying out start-up operation by the generating set for starting verification, start-up operation is from electricity
The most short startup path for the generating set that source point is acquired to generating set to be launched along step 3 carries out, and chooses wherein first line
Road carries out line loop operation, when the start-up operation for completing first circuit i, updates and all in this moment whole network did not carried out behaviour
The expectation for restarting required time for starting required time expectation function for the first time and having carried out the circuit started of the circuit of work
Function, data are substituted into as circuit weights after update performs step 3 and sequence execution；
Cycle performs step 1 to step 6 until all generating set start completions or the time variable t are more than setting limit value
When stop.
2. a kind of unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：After the step 6, if being verified without any generating set by starting, by comprehensive priority index tune
It is whole to start more multi-line in the process to start time limit minimum to ensure to climb in unit.
3. a kind of unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Meet the generating set startup limiting factor i.e. separate unit and obtain the maximum that the generating set of station service can be sent out
Active-power Pi(t), meet the Pi(t) calculation formula (7) is as follows：
In above formula (7), TsiRepresent that generating set i obtains the startup power supply moment；
T1iRepresent time needed for generating set i power generations；
T2iRepresent the climbing time of generating set i；
PMiRepresent the maximum active power of generating set i；
KiRepresent the creep speed of generating set i.
4. a kind of unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The start-up course limiting factor includes following factor：
1) startup power limiting factor：
Each step verification puts into new equipment and all needs to meet all wattful powers for having been turned on generating set in system recovery procedure
Rate need to be more than the station service for the unit that generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and put into the sum of load, and expression formula (8) is as follows：
In above formula (8), PGiExpression has run the active power of generating set i；
PDiExpression has run the station service size of generating set i；
PkRepresent node k input payloads；
N represents grid-connected unit quantity；
M expressions have put into load bus quantity；
2) start time limit limiting factor：
There is maximum critical startup time-constrain, i.e. 0 ＜ T for thermal starting fired power generating unit isi≤TCH,i, wherein TCH,iRepresent that heat opens
Dynamic fired power generating unit i maximum critical thermal starting times, TsiRepresent that thermal starting fired power generating unit i obtains the startup power supply moment；
For cold start-up fired power generating unit i there is minimum critical to start time-constrain, i.e. Tsi≥TCC,i, wherein TCC,iRepresent cold start-up
The minimum critical of unit i starts time, TsiRepresent that cold start-up fired power generating unit i obtains the startup power supply moment；
3) voltage and trend limiting factor：
Each moment during power system restoration in the range of grid-connected unit active and reactive power is contributed, meets all nodes
K voltages are not out-of-limit, all circuit j nonoverloads meet following inequality group (9)：
In above formula (9), PGi、QGiRepresent to have put into the active power and reactive power of generating set i respectively；
PjExpression has put into the conveying active power size of circuit j；
UkExpression has put into the voltage swing of node k；
The active power lower and upper limit of generating set i are represented respectively；
The active power lower and upper limit of generating set i are represented respectively；
PjmaxRepresent the rated power of circuit j；
Minimum, the ceiling voltage of the node k allowed on presentation technology respectively.
5. a kind of unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that：When the operation adjusted in the step 5 by conventional voltage, start-up course voltage can be made not prescribe a time limit more, then it is full
Foot limitation requirement, you can verified by starting.
6. a kind of unattended black-start method with circuit straighforward operation of consideration substation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：UPS power-on time of the limit value as substation is set in the step 6.
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