CN105511401A - System for measuring thermal error of precise numerically-controlled machine tool and compensating temperature - Google Patents
System for measuring thermal error of precise numerically-controlled machine tool and compensating temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN105511401A CN105511401A CN201511020629.3A CN201511020629A CN105511401A CN 105511401 A CN105511401 A CN 105511401A CN 201511020629 A CN201511020629 A CN 201511020629A CN 105511401 A CN105511401 A CN 105511401A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37509—Intelligent sensor, incorporation temperature compensation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for measuring the thermal error of a precise numerically-controlled machine tool and compensating temperature, and belongs to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tool temperature compensation. The system comprises a thermal error measuring system, a programmable logic controller, a numerical control unit, and a temperature-compensating system. The thermal error measuring system comprises a plurality of inductive displacement sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors, and a signal filter. The temperature-compensating system comprises a temperature-compensating unit, a position-adjusting module, and a data-computing unit. The numerical control unit comprises a correction module, a temperate compensation computing module, a numerically-controlled machine tool interpolation module, a temperature-acquiring module, and a numerically-controlled machine tool position control module. The temperate compensation computing module computes the temperature compensation value of a corresponding shaft of the machine tool at a certain time. The numerically-controlled machine tool position control module enables the shaft to backwardly move if the temperature compensation value is a positive value, or enables the shaft to forwardly move if the temperature compensation value is a negative value. The system is high in measurement precision and may simultaneously acquire the thermal displacement and the temperature difference of the numerically-controlled machine tool.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of numerical control machining tool heat error to measure and temperature-compensated system, particularly relate to a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error and measure and temperature-compensated system, belong to numerical control machine temperature compensation technical field.
Background technology
Lathe (English name: machinetool) refers to the machine of manufacturing machine, also known as machine-tool or machine tool, be called for short lathe traditionally, generally be divided into Metal Cutting Machine Tool, forging machine tool and joiner's bench etc., in modern mechanical manufacturing, the method for processing equipment part is a lot: except cut, also has casting, forging, welding, punching press, extruding etc., in every case the part that accuracy requirement is higher and surface roughness requirements is thinner is belonged to, generally all finally need process by the method for cutting on lathe, lathe plays significant role in the construction of national economic modernization.Numerically-controlled machine is the abbreviation of numerically-controlled machine tool, is a kind of automated machine tool that program control system is housed.This control system can logically process has control coding or other symbolic instruction regulated procedures, and by its decoding, thus making machine tool action and the control module of processing parts, operation and the monitoring of numerically-controlled machine all complete in this numerical control unit, and it is the brain of numerically-controlled machine.
Nowadays lathe function integrated level is more and more higher, comprise tool magazine, turntable, board, automatic loading and unloading device lathe become following development trend.But the control of these devices and state display are one of major tasks of electric adjustment, and in prior art, machine finish is high, has stable crudy; The interlock of multi-coordinate can be carried out, the part of energy machining shape complexity; When processing parts changes, generally only need to change numerical control program, the Operational preparation time can be saved; The precision of lathe itself is high, rigidity large, and can select favourable machining dosage, throughput rate is high, is generally 3 ~ 5 times of machine tool; Machinery Tool Automation degree is high, can reduce labor intensity; Higher to the competency profiling of operating personnel, higher to the technical requirement of maintenance personal.
At present, the lathe bed of numerically-controlled machine, column, the drive disk assemblies such as guide rail basic part and ball-screw such as planker are all be made up of metal material, due to the heating of drive motor, the change of moving component frictional heating and environment temperature etc., all can produce additive error to machine tool motion shaft position, this will directly affect the positioning precision of lathe, thus affect the machining precision of workpiece, for the numerically-controlled machine heavy duty machine tools that especially stroke is long used under common workshop condition condition, the impact of thermal expansivity more can not be ignored, such as concerning the feed shaft of stroke 5 meters, the thermal expansivity of metal material is 10ppm (10 μm/every every l degree of lm), temperature often rising l degree in theory, x-axis just " the swollen length " 50 μm of the stroke of 5m, the impact of temperature difference per day and the winter and summer temperature difference is just well imagined, but prior art obtains heat displacement amount and temperature value function while cannot meeting needed for numerical control machining tool heat error measurement, therefore high precision machine tool requires to manufacture under the constant temperature of regulation or use, the numerically-controlled machine used under usual terms is for ensureing higher positioning accuracy and machining precision, must take measures to eliminate thermal walking and temperature error.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems referred to above that numerical control machining tool heat error in currently available technology is measured and temperature-compensated system exists, and provides that a kind of measuring accuracy is high, the precise numerical control machine Thermal Error of the heat displacement amount that simultaneously can obtain numerically-controlled machine and temperature difference measures and temperature-compensated system.
Object of the present invention can reach by adopting following technical scheme:
A kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error is measured and temperature-compensated system, comprise one for measuring the Thermal Error measuring system of Thermal Error, one programmable logic controller (PLC) be connected with Thermal Error measuring system, one numerical control unit and one is for the temperature-compensated system of temperature compensation, described programmable logic controller (PLC), described numerical control unit, described temperature-compensated system is all connected with bus interface, described Thermal Error measuring system comprises some inductive displacement transducers and some temperature sensors, each described inductive displacement transducer and each described temperature sensor are all adsorbed on numerically-controlled machine by Magnetic absorbing element, described Thermal Error measuring system also comprises a signal filter, described temperature-compensated system comprises a temperature compensation unit, one position adjusting type modules and a Data Computation Unit.
As a kind of preferred version, described Thermal Error measuring system also comprises a temperature transmitter and a displacement transducer, and described temperature transmitter is electrically connected with described temperature sensor, and described displacement transducer is electrically connected with described inductive displacement transducer.
As a kind of preferred version, described Thermal Error measuring system also comprises a data collecting card and an A/D interface, described data collecting card is electrically connected with described temperature transmitter and described displacement transducer, described A/D interface is connected to described signal filter and described programmable logic controller (PLC).
As a kind of preferred version, described programmable logic controller (PLC) comprises CPU, power supply and storer, described CPU, is electrically connected between described power supply and described storer.
As a kind of preferred version, described temperature-compensated system comprises a temperature compensation unit, a position adjusting type modules and a Data Computation Unit, and described position adjusting type modules and described Data Computation Unit are all electrically connected with described temperature compensation unit.
As a kind of preferred version, described position adjusting type modules is also connected with a driver with described Data Computation Unit, and described driver is connected with a motor.
As a kind of preferred version, described numerical control unit comprise the output ideal position be connected successively numerically-controlled machine interpolation module, export the correcting module of physical location and the numerically-controlled machine position control module of outgoing position signal.
As a kind of preferred version, described numerical control unit also comprises the temperature collect module of connected collecting temperature and exports offset data to the temperature compensation computing module of correcting module; Described temperature compensation computing module calculates the temperature compensation value of the corresponding axle of lathe in this temperature moment according to the current temperature data collected, if temperature compensation value is for moving on the occasion of just controlling axle negative sense by numerically-controlled machine position control module, otherwise moves with regard to forward.
As a kind of preferred version, described temperature collect module gathers current temperature data, with certain temperature for benchmark, measures each site error of corresponding axle, obtains this temperature error curve, described temperature compensation computing module accounting temperature offset.
As a kind of preferred version, when described temperature compensation computing module calculates, following formula is adopted to calculate:
△Kx(T)=K0(T)+tanβ(T)*(Px-P0)
Wherein: the positioning error temperature deviation offset that △ Kx (T) is axle Px position;
K0 (T) is incoherent temperature deviation with shaft position;
Px is the physical location of axle;
P0 is the reference point locations of axle;
Tan β (T) is the temperature compensation coefficient relevant to shaft position, and this temperature compensation coefficient is the angle of positioning error curve.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention: a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error of the present invention's design is measured and temperature-compensated system, actual heat displacement amount and the temperature difference of lathe each position is obtained by temperature sensor and inductive displacement transducer, by temperature compensation, compensation rate is exported to driver, drive motor carries out position compensation, temperature compensation computing module and interpolation module is adopted to revise, export the compensation rate of physical location, this system overcomes the shortcoming that the numerically-controlled machine used under common workshop condition condition easily produces error, improve machining precision and positioning precision, not only measuring accuracy is high, and heat displacement amount and the temperature difference of numerically-controlled machine can be obtained simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that precise numerical control machine Thermal Error of the present invention is measured and temperature-compensated system overall schematic;
Fig. 2 is that precise numerical control machine Thermal Error of the present invention is measured and the concrete schematic diagram of temperature-compensated system;
Fig. 3 is programmable logic controller (PLC) schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is numerical control unit schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 100-Thermal Error measuring system, 200-programmable logic controller (PLC), 300-bus interface, 400-numerical control unit, 500-temperature-compensated system, 101-numerically-controlled machine, 102-Magnetic absorbing element, 103-inductive displacement transducer, 104-temperature sensor, 105-temperature transmitter, 106-displacement transducer, 107-data collecting card, 108-signal filter, 109-A/D interface, 201-CPU, 202-power supply, 203-storer, 401-correcting module, 402-temperature compensation computing module, 403-numerically-controlled machine interpolation module, 404-temperature collect module, 405-numerically-controlled machine position control module, 501-temperature compensation unit, 502-position adjusting type modules, 503-Data Computation Unit, 504-driver, 505-motor.
Embodiment
For making those skilled in the art clearly and technical scheme clearly of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error is measured and temperature-compensated system, comprise one for measuring the Thermal Error measuring system 100 of Thermal Error, one programmable logic controller (PLC) 200 be connected with Thermal Error measuring system 100, one numerical control unit 400 and one is for the temperature-compensated system 500 of temperature compensation, described programmable logic controller (PLC) 200, described numerical control unit 400, described temperature-compensated system 500 is all connected with bus interface 300, described Thermal Error measuring system 100 comprises some inductive displacement transducers 103 and some temperature sensors 104, each described inductive displacement transducer 103 and each described temperature sensor 104 are all adsorbed on numerically-controlled machine 101 by Magnetic absorbing element 102, described Thermal Error measuring system 100 also comprises a signal filter 108, described temperature-compensated system 500 comprises a temperature compensation unit 501, one position adjusting type modules 502 and a Data Computation Unit 503.
As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described Thermal Error measuring system 100 also comprises temperature transmitter 105 and a displacement transducer 106, described temperature transmitter 105 is electrically connected with described temperature sensor 104, and described displacement transducer 106 is electrically connected with described inductive displacement transducer 103.
As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described Thermal Error measuring system 100 also comprises data collecting card 107 and an A/D interface 109, described data collecting card 107 is electrically connected with described temperature transmitter 105 and described displacement transducer 106, and described A/D interface 109 is connected to described signal filter 108 and described programmable logic controller (PLC) 200.
As shown in Figure 3, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described programmable logic controller (PLC) 200 comprises CPU201, power supply 202 and storer 203, described CPU201, electrical connection between described power supply 202 and described storer 203.
As shown in Figure 2, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described temperature-compensated system 500 comprises temperature compensation unit 501, position adjusting type modules 502 and a Data Computation Unit 503, described position adjusting type modules 502 and described Data Computation Unit 503 are all electrically connected with described temperature compensation unit 501, described position adjusting type modules 502 is also connected with a driver 504 with described Data Computation Unit 503, and described driver 504 is connected with a motor 505.
As shown in Figure 4, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described numerical control unit 400 comprise the output ideal position be connected successively numerically-controlled machine interpolation module 403, export the correcting module 401 of physical location and the numerically-controlled machine position control module 405 of outgoing position signal, described numerical control unit 400 also comprises the temperature collect module 404 of connected collecting temperature and exports offset data to the temperature compensation computing module 402 of correcting module 401; Described temperature compensation computing module 402 calculates the temperature compensation value of the corresponding axle of lathe in this temperature moment according to the current temperature data collected, if temperature compensation value is for move on the occasion of just controlling axle negative sense by numerically-controlled machine position control module 405, otherwise move with regard to forward.
As shown in Figure 4, as a kind of preferred version of the present embodiment, described temperature collect module 404 gathers current temperature data, with certain temperature for benchmark, measure each site error of corresponding axle, obtain this temperature error curve, described temperature compensation computing module 402 accounting temperature offset, when described temperature compensation computing module 402 calculates, following formula is adopted to calculate:
△Kx(T)=K0(T)+tanβ(T)*(Px-P0)
Wherein: the positioning error temperature deviation offset that △ Kx (T) is axle Px position;
K0 (T) is incoherent temperature deviation with shaft position;
Px is the physical location of axle;
P0 is the reference point locations of axle;
Tan β (T) is the temperature compensation coefficient relevant to shaft position, and this temperature compensation coefficient is the angle of positioning error curve.
In sum, a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error of the present invention's design is measured and temperature-compensated system, actual heat displacement amount and the temperature difference of lathe each position is obtained by temperature sensor and inductive displacement transducer, by temperature compensation, compensation rate is exported to driver, drive motor carries out position compensation, temperature compensation computing module and interpolation module is adopted to revise, export the compensation rate of physical location, this system overcomes the shortcoming that the numerically-controlled machine used under common workshop condition condition easily produces error, improve machining precision and positioning precision, not only measuring accuracy is high, and heat displacement amount and the temperature difference of numerically-controlled machine can be obtained simultaneously.
The above; be only the preferred embodiment of the invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in scope disclosed in this invention; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and design thereof and replace or change, all belonged to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a precise numerical control machine Thermal Error is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: comprise one for measuring the Thermal Error measuring system (100) of Thermal Error, one programmable logic controller (PLC) (200) be connected with Thermal Error measuring system (100), one numerical control unit (400) and one is for the temperature-compensated system (500) of temperature compensation, described programmable logic controller (PLC) (200), described numerical control unit (400), described temperature-compensated system (500) is all connected with bus interface (300), described Thermal Error measuring system (100) comprises some inductive displacement transducers (103) and some temperature sensors (104), each described inductive displacement transducer (103) and each described temperature sensor (104) are all adsorbed on numerically-controlled machine (101) by Magnetic absorbing element (102), described Thermal Error measuring system (100) also comprises a signal filter (108), described temperature-compensated system (500) comprises a temperature compensation unit (501), one position adjusting type modules (502) and a Data Computation Unit (503).
2. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 1 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described Thermal Error measuring system (100) also comprises a temperature transmitter (105) and a displacement transducer (106), described temperature transmitter (105) is electrically connected with described temperature sensor (104), and described displacement transducer (106) is electrically connected with described inductive displacement transducer (103).
3. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 2 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described Thermal Error measuring system (100) also comprises a data collecting card (107) and an A/D interface (109), described data collecting card (107) is electrically connected with described temperature transmitter (105) and described displacement transducer (106), described A/D interface (109) is connected to described signal filter (108) and described programmable logic controller (PLC) (200).
4. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 3 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described programmable logic controller (PLC) (200) comprises CPU (201), power supply (202) and storer (203), described CPU (201), electrical connection between described power supply (202) and described storer (203).
5. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 1 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described temperature-compensated system (500) comprises a temperature compensation unit (501), a position adjusting type modules (502) and a Data Computation Unit (503), described position adjusting type modules (502) and described Data Computation Unit (503) are all electrically connected with described temperature compensation unit (501).
6. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 5 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described position adjusting type modules (502) is also connected with a driver (504) with described Data Computation Unit (503), described driver (504) is connected with a motor (505).
7. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 1 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described numerical control unit (400) comprise the output ideal position be connected successively numerically-controlled machine interpolation module (403), export the correcting module (401) of physical location and the numerically-controlled machine position control module (405) of outgoing position signal.
8. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 7 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described numerical control unit (400) also comprises the temperature collect module (404) of connected collecting temperature and exports offset data to the temperature compensation computing module (402) of correcting module (401); Described temperature compensation computing module (402) calculates the temperature compensation value of the corresponding axle of lathe in this temperature moment according to the current temperature data collected, if temperature compensation value is for moving on the occasion of just controlling axle negative sense by numerically-controlled machine position control module (405), otherwise moves with regard to forward.
9. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 8 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: described temperature collect module (404) gathers current temperature data, with certain temperature for benchmark, measure each site error of corresponding axle, obtain this temperature error curve, described temperature compensation computing module (402) accounting temperature offset.
10. a kind of precise numerical control machine Thermal Error according to claim 9 is measured and temperature-compensated system, it is characterized in that: when described temperature compensation computing module (402) calculates, adopt following formula to calculate:
△Kx(T)=K0(T)+tanβ(T)*(Px-P0)
Wherein: the positioning error temperature deviation offset that △ Kx (T) is axle Px position;
K0 (T) is incoherent temperature deviation with shaft position;
Px is the physical location of axle;
P0 is the reference point locations of axle;
Tan β (T) is the temperature compensation coefficient relevant to shaft position, and this temperature compensation coefficient is the angle of positioning error curve.
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