CN102478820A - Novel device for compensating positioning error of numerical control machine tool in real time - Google Patents
Novel device for compensating positioning error of numerical control machine tool in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN102478820A CN102478820A CN2010105552024A CN201010555202A CN102478820A CN 102478820 A CN102478820 A CN 102478820A CN 2010105552024 A CN2010105552024 A CN 2010105552024A CN 201010555202 A CN201010555202 A CN 201010555202A CN 102478820 A CN102478820 A CN 102478820A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel device for compensating a positioning error of a numerical control machine tool in real time. A numerical control machine tool positioning error real-time compensator which is bias based on an external coordinate system of a machine tool comprises a computing processing module, a temperature sensor acquisition and transmission module and a numerical control interface control module, wherein a computing processing system in the computing processing module acquires a temperature signal of the numerical control machine tool and receives a machine tool coordinate position signal from the numerical control machine tool at the same time, inputs the two signals into a preset positioning error mathematical model and calculates to obtain a compensation value, and sends the compensation value into the numerical control machine tool through an interface of a numerical control system; and the motion position of the machine tool is adjusted in real time by using a bias function of the external coordinate system in the numerical control system of the machine tool so as to finish a compensation process. The device mainly finishes the compensation operation through designs of interfaces and software; the conventional numerical control system and the conventional machining program cannot be influenced; hardware is relatively simple, and software is modified flexibly; and the generality is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel numerical control lathe positioning error real-time compensation device, can adjust the relative position of cutter and part to be processed in real time, make numerically-controlled machine obtain higher machining precision.Belong to precision machine tool technology or Precision Machining field.
Background technology
Through years development, China's lathe production has obtained very great achievement, has ranked among lathe big producing country ranks, but with regard to technical merit and overall strength, only is in the middle front position of second echelon in the world.At present, the numerically-controlled machine that China produces accounts for 31% of home market share, and all the other are from import overseas.At present the overwhelming majority in China middle and high end numerically-controlled machine market is captured by product overseas, the market share of its middle and high end numerically-controlled machine home products only about 4%.Along with modern manufacturing industry to the Precision Machining part require increasingly high; To the demand of high-precision numerically-controlled machine with increasing; If simple dependence on import; Not only spend a large amount of foreign exchanges, and often under one's control when advanced lathe import, and the precision and the reliability that therefore improve China's machine tool product have very huge meaning.
Improve machine tool accuracy two kinds of basic skills are arranged: error prevents method and error compensation method.Error prevents that method from being to attempt to eliminate or reduce possible error source through design and manufacturing approach.What error prevented the method employing is " hard technology "; Though it can reduce initial error; But significant limitation is arranged by improving the precision that lathe manufacturing and installation accuracy satisfy lathe; Cost economically is often very expensive, particularly needs the more accurate lathe of import as the machine-tool of producing lathe.Error compensation is meant that producing a kind of new error artificially goes to offset or weaken the current initial error that becomes problem greatly; Through analyzing, add up, conclude and grasp the characteristics and the rule of initial error; Set up error mathematic model; Make as far as possible the people be both numerical value of sum of errors initial error produced equate, in the opposite direction, thereby reduce mismachining tolerance, improve parts size precision.What error compensation adopted is " soft technique ", and the expense of its input is with the raising precision of lathe own or newly buy high precision machine tool and compare, and price is much lower.Error Compensation Technology is the means with remarkable economic worth and highly effective raising machine tool accuracy.
At present, the method for the positioning error of numerically-controlled machine compensation mainly contains according to the error information that measures makes amendment to numerical control program, in digital control system in open type, then can be used as the rearmounted parameter of handling and handles; Also having a kind of method also is that the most frequently used method is exactly an error compensation function of utilizing digital control system to have, and the form input digital control system of error information with form compensated pitch error and back clearance error etc.But the maximum shortcoming of these compensation methodes is that lathe in use; Variation along with the lathe temperature field; The positioning error of these lathes can change along with variation of temperature, if the positioning error that temperature variation causes is excessive, with the machining precision that influences workpiece to a great extent.Therefore, must design the compensation system that a kind of practicality and ratio of performance to price height can carry out real-Time Compensation to digital control machine tool positioning error.At present, high volume applications is not a lot of in numerically-controlled machine real-time error compensation technology and the real-Time Compensation device factory and enterprise abroad thereof, does not also reach the commercialization degree; Then mainly also be in laboratory stage at home, developed compensation system though also there is document to mention, application implementation is complicated, applicable surface is narrow, does not have ubiquity, is difficult to promote practical application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency to prior art; A kind of digital control machine tool positioning error real-time compensation device is provided; Can carry out real-Time Compensation to digital control machine tool positioning error according to temperature and location parameter; Improve machining accuracy of NC machine tool, and apparatus structure is simple, easy to use, cost is lower.
For realizing this purpose; The present invention adopts that the lathe exterior coordinate is a bias capability in the digital control system; Adjust cutter and the relative position of part to be processed on the numerically-controlled machine according to the coordinate position of numerically-controlled machine and temperature, so that part to be processed obtains more accurate dimensions or makes numerically-controlled machine obtain higher machining precision.
Digital control machine tool positioning error real-time compensation device of the present invention mainly comprises computing module, temperature sensor collection transmitting module, numerical control interface control module.The computing module comprises that computing system and exterior I/O expand submodule; Temperature sensor is gathered transmitting module and is comprised A/D transformant module, temperature transmitter submodule and temperature sensor; The numerical control interface control module comprises compensator side interface and numerically-controlled machine side interface.
In the computing module; The computing system links to each other with the A/D transformant module that temperature sensor is gathered in the transmitting module; Exterior I/O expansion submodule links to each other with numerically-controlled machine through the numerical control interface control module, and the position signalling of lathe is sent to the computing system.
Temperature sensor is gathered in the transmitting module; Some temperature sensors place each measurement point of numerically-controlled machine respectively; The output of temperature sensor is connected to A/D transformant module through the temperature transmitter submodule, and the computing system links to each other with A/D transformant module, obtains the temperature signal of lathe.
The computing system is according to the position signalling and the temperature signal of lathe; Utilize preset positioning error mathematical model; Produce compensating signal and compensating signal is transferred to lathe through the numerical control interface control module, utilizing the numerically-controlled machine exterior coordinate is bias capability, accomplishes compensation process.
Temperature sensor is gathered transmitting module and mainly is made up of temperature sensor, temperature transmitter submodule and A/D transformant module.Temperature sensor places the lathe bed of numerically-controlled machine; Be connected with the temperature transmitter submodule through lead; The temperature transmitter submodule to sensor signal nurse one's health change detectable voltage or current signal into after; A/D transformant module will be by the analog-signal transitions of temperature transmitter output for can supply computing and stored numbers signal; The computing system reads in the numerical value of each sensor passage institute corresponding data address successively and is kept in the corresponding address of storer according to the program of establishment.The numerical control interface control module is the key that the present invention realizes the digital control machine tool positioning error compensation.The computing module links to each other with numerically-controlled machine through the numerical control interface control module; Exterior I/O expansion submodule links to each other with the computing system through bus, and is converted into the numerically-controlled machine side interface that can link to each other with numerically-controlled machine through the compensator side interface of numerical control interface control module.The computing system reads in the machine tool position signal on the one hand; On the other hand; Positioning error compensating control signal with numerically-controlled machine; Comprising that signal triggering, compensating shaft and offset etc. output to numerically-controlled machine, is these required input parameters of bias capability by digital control system according to the lathe exterior coordinate, numerically-controlled machine is carried out the bias movement of exterior coordinate.
Compensating signal of the present invention gets into digital control system through the standard I-O interface of numerically-controlled machine, and the lathe exterior coordinate of utilizing digital control system is that bias capability realizes real-time error compensation.In use need not make amendment to job sequence and the operating instruction of digital control system own; Mainly be program, and only need original trapezoid program to lathe PMC (programmable machine tool controller) add soft technique such as corresponding data input/output routine to change and to realize compensate function through interfacing and computing module.
Therefore; Apparatus of the present invention do not produce any influence to original digital control system and job sequence; And hardware is relatively simple, reduces the cost of compensation system greatly, and software modification is flexible; Highly versatile, this can apply in digital control system positioning error field for this device and provide the foundation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the work transfer process figure of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
The structure of apparatus of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, is made up of computing module, temperature sensor collection transmitting module, numerical control interface control module.The computing module comprises that computing system and exterior I/O expand submodule; Temperature sensor is gathered transmitting module and is comprised A/D transformant module, temperature transmitter submodule and some temperature sensors; The numerical control interface control module can comprise compensator side interface and numerically-controlled machine side interface.
In the computing module; The A/D transformant module that the computing system gathers in the transmitting module through bus and temperature sensor links to each other; Exterior I/O expansion submodule links to each other with the computing system; And link to each other with numerically-controlled machine through the numerical control interface control module, the position signalling of lathe is sent to the computing system.Exterior I/O expansion submodule is transferred to lathe with the compensating signal that the computing system produces through the numerical control interface control module simultaneously.
Numerical control interface control module among the present invention can comprise compensator side interface and numerically-controlled machine side interface; Exterior I/O expansion submodule is connected with compensator side interface in the numerical control interface control module, and the numerically-controlled machine side interface that passes through then after the conversion links to each other with numerically-controlled machine.The interface that links to each other with numerically-controlled machine is provided in apparatus of the present invention; The program that only needs in the ladder diagram of PMC (programmable machine bed controller), to increase the data input and output in the numerically-controlled machine side gets final product; When having only IO interface when numerically-controlled machine not enough, just need carry out the interface expansion at the numerically-controlled machine place.
Temperature sensor is gathered in the transmitting module; Some temperature sensors place each measurement point of numerically-controlled machine respectively; The output of temperature sensor is connected to A/D transformant module through the temperature transmitter submodule; The output signal cut-in temperature transmitter submodule of temperature sensor, through being output as satisfactory voltage or current signal after the transmitter conditioning, these signals are converted into the digital signal that can carry out computing through A/D transformant module.The computing system links to each other through data bus with A/D transformant module, obtains the temperature signal of lathe.
The computing system is according to the program and the communications protocol of establishment; Realize reading of numerically-controlled machine position signalling and temperature signal; And, dope the amount of bias of the required lathe exterior coordinate system of error compensation together as the input of digital control machine tool positioning error mathematical model, send trigger pip through the numerical control interface control module to lathe PMC; Coordinate axis that output compensation simultaneously is required and corresponding parameters such as compensation numerical value; After PMC obtains triggering these numerical value are read in and handled in real time by corresponding axle control servo unit, utilizing the numerically-controlled machine exterior coordinate is that bias capability is carried out offset movement to lathe, accomplishes the positioning error compensation process.
Workflow of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2; After starting compensation system, device at first will carry out initialization, after all are normal; Then send the data acquisition instruction by the computing system; Read in the storer of the Temperature numerical of each measurement point on the lathe successively from the pairing data address of temperature sensor, send the trigger pip of reading in location parameter to PMC simultaneously, and the pairing position signalling parameter of lathe is read in storer to the computing system.After data acquisition is accomplished, then according to the error amount of the calculated with mathematical model Current Temperatures condition current position of positioning error.In order to prevent the maloperation of machine coordinates initial point biasing; Cause mismachining tolerance, also will judge, if excessive then cancel bias operation this error amount; If more greatly then compensate with the preset upper limit value, this predetermined upper limit value is generally the maximum error value that lathe possibly occur.After error information is accomplished judgement and is adjusted into correct offset, generate compensating parameter by the computing system, these compensating parameters comprise compensate function code, compensating shaft, offset, compensation direction (with the positive negative indication of offset).Had after these compensating parameters, sent trigger pip to PMC once more, required to read in these compensating parameters, after PMC was received these compensating signals, single compensation work was accomplished, and system gets into data acquisition again.
The control of lathe compensation is mainly passed through the message exchange of the PMC of compensation system and numerically-controlled machine and is accomplished.Lathe gets into after the operate as normal, reads in the job sequence of part, and PMC carries out work according to original trapezoid figure program, and just initiate trapezoid figure program has no influence to original lathe work.In the course of the work, PMC receives trigger pip and then gets into the compensation work flow process, if what obtain is the trigger pip that location parameter is sent in requirement; Then PMC is with the location parameter output of location register among the digital control system CNC; The output signal comprises the axle number and the location parameter of coordinate axis, all exports when finishing when the position signalling of all, continues to get into original program of PMC; If what obtain is the trigger pip of request input offset value; Then PMC is the compensating signal that compensation system sends, and comprises that axle number reads in the CNC system with offset, and carries out the offset operation of axle by axle control servo unit.Equally, behind the complete operation, PMC continues the original program of operation.Obviously, the compensation program ladder diagram of interpolation has no influence to original lathe work, just can compensate work when only obtaining triggering.
The great advantage that can see apparatus of the present invention is that this compensation way neither influences the coordinate figure among the CNC; Do not influence the work procedure of carrying out on the CNC controller yet, thereby, as far as the operator; This method can be described as sightless, does not influence original normal running.
Claims (1)
1. a digital control machine tool positioning error real-time compensation device is characterized in that being made up of computing module, temperature sensor collection transmitting module, numerical control interface control module; The computing module comprises that computing system and exterior I/O expand submodule; Temperature sensor is gathered transmitting module and is comprised A/D transformant module, temperature transmitter submodule and some temperature sensors; The numerical control interface control module comprises compensator side interface and numerically-controlled machine side interface;
In the computing module; The computing system links to each other with the A/D transformant module that temperature sensor is gathered in the transmitting module; Exterior I/O expansion submodule links to each other with numerically-controlled machine through the numerical control interface control module, and the position signalling of lathe is sent to the computing system.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104460513A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 山东理工大学 | Volume error compensation device for two-turntable five-axis machine tool |
| CN104460514A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 山东理工大学 | Method for fusion predicting on machine tool size errors through information |
| CN104977897A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | 山东理工大学 | Numerical control machine tool space error compensation device |
| CN111459095A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-28 | 新代科技(苏州)有限公司 | Method for eliminating machining reversing lines of numerical control machine tool by using ball rod instrument |
| CN113377067A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-10 | 意特利（上海）科技有限公司 | Dynamic sensing monitoring acquisition compensation method and device for numerical control five-axis linkage machine tool |
| CN113741343A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2021-12-03 | 东莞市宝科精密机械有限公司 | Machine tool double-shaft synchronous control method and system and machine tool |
-
2010
- 2010-11-23 CN CN2010105552024A patent/CN102478820A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104460513A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 山东理工大学 | Volume error compensation device for two-turntable five-axis machine tool |
| CN104460514A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 山东理工大学 | Method for fusion predicting on machine tool size errors through information |
| CN104977897A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-14 | 山东理工大学 | Numerical control machine tool space error compensation device |
| CN111459095A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-28 | 新代科技(苏州)有限公司 | Method for eliminating machining reversing lines of numerical control machine tool by using ball rod instrument |
| CN113377067A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-10 | 意特利（上海）科技有限公司 | Dynamic sensing monitoring acquisition compensation method and device for numerical control five-axis linkage machine tool |
| CN113741343A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2021-12-03 | 东莞市宝科精密机械有限公司 | Machine tool double-shaft synchronous control method and system and machine tool |
| CN113741343B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-08 | 东莞市宝科精密机械有限公司 | Machine tool double-shaft synchronous control method and system and machine tool |
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Application publication date: 20120530 |