CN105509817B - A kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument and method - Google Patents
A kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509817B CN105509817B CN201610068574.1A CN201610068574A CN105509817B CN 105509817 B CN105509817 B CN 105509817B CN 201610068574 A CN201610068574 A CN 201610068574A CN 105509817 B CN105509817 B CN 105509817B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004556 laser interferometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/03—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/36—Devices characterised by the use of optical means, e.g. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The present invention relates to testing field, more particularly, to a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument and method.The problem of present invention exists for prior art, it is proposed that a kind of interference measuring instrument and method.The present invention includes reference light adjusting means, target detection unit and data processing equipment etc., and it is filtered by THz wave filters to the interference signal after the processing of THz ripples beam splitter, and filtered interference signal is detected by THz wave detectors；Then the signal exported by oscillograph recording THz wave detectors, obtains data to oscillograph finally by processor and analyzes and processes, obtain the distance and speed of target relative interference instrument motion.The THz wave wavelength ratio soot dust granule that the present invention is used is big, therefore has preferable penetrability to flue dust.THz wave wavelength is shorter compared with microwave, therefore has the advantages that displacement resolution is high.In addition, interference fringe frequency is relatively low, the bandwidth of probe and oscillograph needed for can effectively reducing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to testing field, more particularly, to a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument and method.
Background technology
Speed, acceleration and bullet bottom pressure of the shell in thorax are the crucial ginsengs of cannon and the design of shell emission system
Number, has great importance for developing interior ballistics theory, studying new cannon and small arms and weapon progress is verified etc..
Determine that the major experimental technology of trajectory parameter has microwave interference e measurement technology and laser interference to survey to bullet during continuous motion in thorax
Fast technology.Microwave interference technology is limited to the wavelength (Centimeter Level or grade) of microwave in itself, when the speed of tested bullet is smaller
When, such as bullet is getting into the motion of section, and because the speed of bullet is relatively low, move distance is smaller, and microwave interference measurement result is not
Degree of certainty is relatively large.Laser interferometry techniques are the measuring systems using laser as information carrier, can be with higher speed point
Resolution continuously measures shell and the speed course of gun muzzle is flown to out from, and then obtains displacement, acceleration and bullet bottom pressure, is cannon
Design with shell emission system provides important experiment parameter with detection, is with a wide range of applications.But laser interference
E measurement technology is easily influenceed by flue dust in gun tube, often Projectile Motion stage casing due to flue dust is blocked and lost displacement information.
And the technology is used as light source, higher (such as speed of frequency of interference signal using infrared (1550nm) laser or visible ray
2km/s interference signal needs oscillograph bandwidth >=2.6GHz), there is very high requirement to oscillograph bandwidth and sample rate.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The problem of existing for prior art, it is proposed that one kind is used to measure
Speed of moving body and the THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument and method of displacement.THz glistening lights of waves source device, THz ripples beam splitter,
Reference light adjusting means, target detection unit and data processing equipment, at by THz wave filters to THz ripple beam splitters
Interference signal after reason is filtered, and filtered interference signal is detected by THz wave detectors；Then oscillograph is passed through
The signal of THz wave detectors output is recorded, obtaining data to oscillograph finally by processor analyzes and processes, and obtains target
Distance and speed that target is moved towards interference measuring instrument.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument includes：
THz glistening light of waves source devices, for producing terahertz light；
THz ripple beam splitters, for terahertz light to be reflected into reference light, while being transmitted as flashlight；And adjust reference light
The signal that the reference light that regulating device is adjusted and reflected is adjusted and reflected with target detection unit is synthesized, and forms interference signal；
Reference light adjusting means, the reference light for being produced to THz ripples beam splitter carries out total reflection processing；
Target detection unit, for passing through flashlight after mobile target reflection processing；
Data processing equipment, including THz wave filters, THz wave detectors, oscillograph and processor；For being filtered by THz
Ripple device is filtered to the interference signal after the processing of THz ripples beam splitter, and filtered interference signal is passed through into THz wave detectors
Detection；Then the signal exported by oscillograph recording THz wave detectors, obtains data to oscillograph finally by processor and enters
Row analyzing and processing, obtains distance and speed that target is moved towards interference measuring instrument；Data processing equipment processing procedure is：
Concrete processing procedure includes：
Step 1：The magnitude of voltage V (t) that oscillograph recording is exported by THz wave detectors, V (t) amplitude is proportional to THz and done
Signal power is related to, and is met：
By Short Time Fourier Transform, formula (1) is handled, Doppler frequency shift f is obtainedd(t)；Wherein A represents dry
Signal DC component is related to, B represents interference signal AC compounent amplitude, and has A=Vr+Vs,Wherein VrAnd VsPoint
The magnitude of voltage that Wei be directly proportional to reference light power and signal luminous power,The 0 moment reference light for being target when not actuated and
The phase difference of flashlight, the phase difference is determined that λ is THz optical source wavelengths by the initial optical path difference of reference light and flashlight；It is described
Target is the one-way movement towards interference measuring instrument；Wherein Doppler frequency shift fd(t) it is when target is moved with speed u (t)
When, the frequency f of its light reflected (THz wave) can be changed due to Doppler effect, its frequency variation；
Step 2：According to Doppler frequency shift fd(t) with target speed u (t) relationObtain target speed
Spend u (t)；
Step 3：Utilize target displacement L (T) and speed u (t) relationObtain the total position of target
Move.
Further, the THz glistening lights of waves source device includes the THz baud generators for launching continuous THz wave and prevented
The isolator that only THz wave reflection or rear orientation light are returned；The isolator is placed in THz baud generators and THz ripple beam splitters
Between.
Further, the reference light adjusting means includes：
THz completely reflecting mirrors, for THz ripple beam splitters to be reflected to the THz wave reflection as reference light；
THz adjustable attenuators, enter THz for the THz wave that is reflected back THz completely reflecting mirrors by THz ripple beam splitters
Detector.
Further, the target detection unit includes THz beam expanders, Thz polarizers and THz ripples collimation and collected
Device；
THz beam expanders, are expanded for the flashlight after THz ripples beam splitter is projected, and THz ripples are collimated and received
The flashlight that storage is returned carries out shrink beam and collected；
THz polarizers, for THz beam expanders to be expanded after flashlight carry out polarization state regulation；And collimate THz ripples
And the flashlight that collector is reflected back enters to pass to THz beam expanders；
THz ripples are collimated and collector, for carrying out collimation adjustment to the flashlight after the processing of THz beam expanders, and to mesh
The flashlight that target is returned is collected.
Further, the data processing equipment also includes；THz ripples for reducing interference of stray light interference signal are converged
Lens；The THz baud generators also include being used to collimate THz wave light beam, and the collimation for reducing beam divergence angle is saturating
Mirror, the collimation lens is positioned between THz baud generators and isolator.
A kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method includes
Step 1：Terahertz light is produced by THz wave generation devices；Terahertz light is reflected into ginseng by THz ripples beam splitter
Light is examined, while being transmitted as flashlight；And adjust the reference light that reference light adjusting means is adjusted and is reflected with target detection unit
And the signal reflected is synthesized, interference signal is formed；
Step 2：The reference light produced by reference to light adjusting means to THz ripples beam splitter carries out total reflection processing；Simultaneously
Target detection unit passes through flashlight after mobile target reflection processing；THz ripples beam splitter adjusts reference light adjusting means
And the signal that the reference light reflected is adjusted and reflected with target detection unit is synthesized, interference signal is formed；
Step 3：The interference signal after the processing of THz ripples beam splitter is filtered by the THz wave filters of data processing equipment
Ripple, and filtered interference signal is detected by the THz wave detectors of data processing equipment；Then data processing equipment is passed through
Oscillograph recording THz wave detectors output signal, finally by data processing equipment processor to oscillograph obtain number
According to being analyzed and processed, distance and speed that target is moved towards interference measuring instrument are obtained；
Concrete processing procedure includes：
Step 31：The magnitude of voltage V (t) that oscillograph recording is exported by THz wave detectors, V (t) amplitude is proportional to THz
Interference signal power, and meet：
By Short Time Fourier Transform, formula (1) is handled, Doppler frequency shift f is obtainedd(t)；Wherein A represents dry
Signal DC component is related to, B represents interference signal AC compounent amplitude, and has A=Vr+Vs,Wherein VrAnd VsPoint
The magnitude of voltage that Wei be directly proportional to reference light power and signal luminous power,The 0 moment reference light for being target when not actuated and
The phase difference of flashlight, the phase difference is determined that λ is THz optical source wavelengths by the initial optical path difference of reference light and flashlight；It is described
Target is the one-way movement towards interference measuring instrument；Wherein Doppler frequency shift fd(t) it is when target is moved with speed u (t)
When, the frequency f of its light reflected (THz wave) can be changed due to Doppler effect, its frequency variation；
Step 32：According to Doppler frequency shift fd(t) with target speed u (t) relationObtain target
Speed u (t)；
Step 33：Utilize target displacement L (T) and speed u (t) relationObtain the total position of target
Move.
Further, the THz wave generation devices include the THz baud generators for launching continuous THz wave and prevented
The isolator that only THz wave reflection or rear orientation light are returned；The isolator is placed in THz baud generators and THz ripple beam splitters
Between.
Further, the reference light adjusting means includes：
THz completely reflecting mirrors, for THz ripple beam splitters to be reflected to the THz wave reflection as reference light；
THz adjustable attenuators, enter THz for the THz wave that is reflected back THz completely reflecting mirrors by THz ripple beam splitters
Detector.
Further, the target detection unit includes THz beam expanders, Thz polarizers and THz ripples collimation and collected
Device；
THz beam expanders, are expanded for the flashlight after THz ripples beam splitter is projected, and THz ripples are collimated and received
The flashlight that storage is returned carries out shrink beam and collected；
THz polarizers, for THz beam expanders to be expanded after flashlight carry out polarization state regulation；And collimate THz ripples
And the flashlight that collector is reflected back enters to pass to THz beam expanders；
THz ripples are collimated and collector, for carrying out collimation adjustment to the flashlight after the processing of THz beam expanders, and to mesh
The flashlight that target is returned is collected.
Further, the data processing equipment also includes；THz ripples for reducing interference of stray light interference signal are converged
Lens；The THz baud generators also include being used to collimate THz wave light beam, and the collimation for reducing beam divergence angle is saturating
Mirror, the collimation lens is positioned between THz baud generators and isolator.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The interference measuring instrument for being currently based on Doppler frequency shift technology uses light source to be generally visible ray, infrared light or micro-
Ripple.In interior Ballistic Shell tachometric survey application, there can be flue dust in gun tube.Measured, can effectively penetrated using microwave
The stop of flue dust, but because by longer wavelengths of limitation, it is relatively low that it measures displacement resolution.And use visible or infrared light
Measure, although its displacement resolution is higher, but because visible ray and infrared light can not penetrate flue dust, thus signal can be caused
Lose, measurement failure.Interferometry is carried out using visible or infrared light in addition, its interference frequencies is right often in more than 1GHz
Bandwidth requirement needed for probe and oscillograph is also high.
Light source of the present invention be THz wave, this be a kind of frequency be in 0.1THz-30THz (1THz=1 ×
1012Hz, corresponding wavelength be 300 μm) in the range of electromagnetic wave.Relative to microwave, the THz wave wavelength that the present invention is used is shorter,
Therefore have the advantages that displacement resolution is high.And because THz wave wavelength ratio soot dust granule is big, therefore have to flue dust
Preferable penetrability.In addition, the frequency of interference signal is relatively low, the bandwidth of probe and oscillograph needed for can effectively reducing.
The present invention by using THz wave as light source, based on mobile progress essence of the Doppler difference principle to target
True measurement, and have the advantages that can effectively to penetrate smoky environment, bandwidth low.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 schematic structural views of the invention.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), except non-specifically is chatted
State, can alternative features equivalent by other or with similar purpose replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature
It is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Operation principle：The continuous terahertz emission lens collimated first of THz source generator transmitting are collimated, main
Syllabus is to reduce beam divergence angle, improves its directionality.THz wave after collimation is then passed through an isolator, main mesh
Be in order to prevent in light path reflection or rear orientation light to return into Terahertz light source, its power or frequency etc. be disturbed,
So as to influence measurement result.Then THz wave is divided into two beams by one piece of THz beam splitter, wherein what is reflected is a branch of as reference
Light, a branch of of transmission is used as flashlight.Reference light is impinged perpendicularly on to be reflected on THz completely reflecting mirrors, and saturating through THz beam splitters
Incided after penetrating in terahertz wave detector.An adjustable attenuator, mesh are added between THz completely reflecting mirrors and THz beam splitters
Be power according to actual conditions balanced signal light and reference light, to reduce because the two-beam light intensity difference of interference is made as far as possible
Into intetference-fit strengthening decline.Flashlight will be collimated first before interference measuring instrument (present invention) outgoing, and this can lead to
Cross THz ripples beam expander (two pieces of lens) combination to realize, two lens design parameters in THz ripple beam expanders will be according to measurement mesh
Target distance is determined.In addition, to keep the polarization state of THz wave, it is necessary to add one in interference measuring instrument (present invention) exit portal
The block THz polarizers.Finally, before target, in addition it is also necessary to which THz ripple collimation and collector (two lens combinations) are realized too
The THz wave that the focusing and collection of Hertz wave are reflected back.In addition, to make more preferable obtain of the interference signal after conjunction beam be remembered by detector
Record, has added one piece of THz plus lens between THz ripples beam splitter and THz detectors, to reduce shadow of the veiling glare to measurement result
Ring, and added a terahertz filter before the detectors.The magnitude of voltage corresponding with interference signal exported from THz detectors becomes
Change by oscilloscope display and record, last signal storage on computers, and is entered using the method for time frequency analysis or Phase Processing
Row interference signal processing, the displacement or speed for obtaining target changes with time.
First, THz wave interference measuring instrument is specifically included：
THz wave light source, collimation lens, isolator, THz ripple beam splitters, THz adjustable attenuators, THz completely reflecting mirrors,
THz ripple beam expanders, THz wave polarization devices, THz ripples collimater and collector, target, THz wave detectors, oscillograph, computer.
Structural representation is as shown in Figure 1.
THz wave sources：Launch the continuous THz wave of a certain frequency.
Collimation lens：THz wave light beam is collimated, reduces beam divergence angle, improves its directionality.
Isolator：Prevent that the reflection of THz wave or rear orientation light are returned into Terahertz light source in light path, to its power
Or frequency etc. is disturbed, so as to influence measurement result.
THz ripple beam splitters：It is two beams by THz wavelength-divisions, wherein what is reflected is a branch of as reference light, a branch of of transmission is used as letter
Number light.
THz completely reflecting mirrors：For the THz wave as reference light to be reflected into THz wave detectors.
THz adjustable attenuators：Power through its THz wave reference light is adjusted.
THz ripple beam expanders：THz ripples as flashlight are expanded.
THz wave polarization devices：Polarization state for keeping THz wave.
THz ripples are collimated and collector：For being returned to flashlight from the collimation before interference measuring instrument outgoing, and from target
The collection of the flashlight returned.
THz wave detectors：Light intensity for detecting THz ripples.
Oscillograph：Record the signal of THz wave detectors output.
Computer：The record and post analysis of data are obtained for oscillograph.
2nd, measuring principle：
1st, ABC
1.1 speed represent that displacement is represented with L (t) with u (t).The relation of the two is
Wherein second equal sign is the definition of differential.The relation of displacement and speed is also denoted as the form of integration
Wherein y represents the time variable in integration type.Both the above formula shows that speed is with displacement only it is to be understood that wherein one
It is individual, it is possible to which that another is gone out by the form calculus of differential or integration.
1.2 light beams (such as THz wave, if frequency is f0, wavelength is λ, c=λ f0For the light velocity) it is irradiated on target, when
When target is moved with speed u (t), the frequency f of its light reflected (THz wave) can become due to Doppler effect
Change, its frequency variation is referred to as Doppler frequency shift, is directly proportional to the movement velocity of target：
If 1.3 flashlights (being THz wave herein) for having a branch of reference light and being reflected from target are done
Relate to, it will be following form that obtained voltage signal is recorded on oscillograph：
WhereinVr,VsIt is the electricity being directly proportional to reference light power and signal luminous power respectively
Pressure value,The phase difference of the 0 moment reference light for being target when not actuated and flashlight.
2nd, data processing method
Known quantity：Interference signal V (t), THz wave wavelength X, THz wave frequency f0
Solve：Speed u (t), displacement L (t)
Solution procedure：1) curve V (t) is temporally divided into many segments, by Short Time Fourier Transform, f is obtainedd(t)；
2) using Doppler frequency shift and the relation of speed, i.e. formula (1.3), it just can obtain target speed u (t)；
3) obtain after speed u (t), target total displacement L (t) is just can obtain using formula (1.2).
3rd, measuring method includes
Step 1：Terahertz light is produced by THz wave generation devices；Terahertz light is reflected into ginseng by THz ripples beam splitter
Light is examined, while being transmitted as flashlight；
Step 2：The reference light produced by reference to light adjusting means to THz ripples beam splitter carries out total reflection processing；
Target detection unit passes through flashlight after mobile target reflection processing simultaneously；THz beam splitters adjust reference light
The signal that the reference light that regulating device is adjusted and reflected is adjusted and reflected with target detection unit is synthesized, and forms interference signal；
Step 3：The interference signal after the processing of THz ripples beam splitter is filtered by THz wave filters, and will be filtered
Interference signal is detected by THz wave detectors；Then the signal exported by oscillograph recording THz wave detectors, finally by
Processor obtains data to oscillograph and analyzed and processed, and obtains distance and speed that target is moved towards interference measuring instrument；
Concrete processing procedure includes：
Step 31：The magnitude of voltage V (t) that oscillograph recording is exported by THz wave detectors, V (t) amplitude is proportional to THz
Interference signal power, and meet：
By Short Time Fourier Transform, formula (1) is handled, Doppler frequency shift f is obtainedd(t)；Wherein A represents dry
Signal DC component is related to, B represents interference signal AC compounent amplitude, and has A=Vr+Vs,Wherein VrAnd VsPoint
The magnitude of voltage that Wei be directly proportional to reference light power and signal luminous power,The 0 moment reference light for being target when not actuated and
The phase difference of flashlight, the phase difference is determined that λ is THz optical source wavelengths by the initial optical path difference of reference light and flashlight；It is described
Target is the one-way movement towards interference measuring instrument；Wherein Doppler frequency shift fd(t) it is when target is moved with speed u (t)
When, the frequency f of its light reflected (THz wave) can be changed due to Doppler effect, its frequency variation；
Step 32：According to Doppler frequency shift fd(t) with target speed u (t) relationObtain target
Speed u (t)；
Step 33：Utilize Target Board displacement L (T) and speed u (t) relationObtain the total position of target
Move.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which is expanded to, any in this manual to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument, including
THz glistening light of waves source devices, for producing terahertz light；
THz ripple beam splitters, for terahertz light to be reflected into reference light, while being transmitted as flashlight；And reference light is adjusted into dress
The signal that the reference light put regulation and reflected is adjusted and reflected with target detection unit is synthesized, and forms interference signal；
Reference light adjusting means, the reference light for being produced to THz ripples beam splitter carries out total reflection processing；
Characterized by further comprising：Target detection unit, for passing through flashlight after mobile target reflection processing；At data
Manage device, including THz wave filters, THz wave detectors, oscillograph and processor；For by THz wave filters to THz wavelength-divisions
Interference signal after the processing of beam device is filtered, and filtered interference signal is detected by THz wave detectors；Then pass through
The signal of oscillograph recording THz wave detectors output, obtains data to oscillograph finally by processor and analyzes and processes, obtain
The distance and speed moved to target towards interference measuring instrument；Data processing equipment processing procedure is：
Step 1：The magnitude of voltage V (t) that oscillograph recording is exported by THz wave detectors, V (t) amplitude is proportional to THz interference letters
Number power, and meet：
By Short Time Fourier Transform, formula (1) is handled, Doppler frequency shift f is obtainedd(t)；Wherein A represents interference signal
DC component, B represents interference signal AC compounent amplitude, and has A=Vr+Vs,Wherein VrAnd VsRespectively with
The magnitude of voltage that reference light power and signal luminous power is directly proportional,The 0 moment reference light and flashlight that are target when not actuated
Phase difference, the phase difference determines by the initial optical path difference of reference light and flashlight, and λ is THz optical source wavelengths；T represents the time；
The target is the one-way movement towards interference measuring instrument；Wherein Doppler frequency shift fd(t) it is when target is with speed u (t)
During motion, the frequency f of its THz wave reflected can be changed due to Doppler effect, its frequency variation；Step
2：According to Doppler frequency shift fd(t) with target speed u (t) relationObtain target velocity u (t)；
Step 3：Utilize target displacement L (T) and speed u (t) relationObtain target total displacement.
2. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the THz wave sources
Device includes the THz baud generators for launching continuous THz wave and prevents that THz wave from being reflected or rear orientation light is returned
Isolator；The isolator is placed between THz baud generators and THz ripple beam splitters.
3. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reference light is adjusted
Regulating device includes：
THz completely reflecting mirrors, for THz ripple beam splitters to be reflected to the THz wave reflection as reference light；
THz adjustable attenuators, the THz wave for THz completely reflecting mirrors to be reflected back passes to THz ripples beam splitter and visited into THz
Survey device.
4. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the target acquisition
Device includes THz beam expanders, Thz polarizers and THz ripples collimation and collector；
THz beam expanders, are expanded for the flashlight after THz ripples beam splitter is projected, and to THz ripples collimation and collector
The flashlight of return carries out shrink beam and collected；
THz polarizers, for THz beam expanders to be expanded after flashlight carry out polarization state regulation；And THz ripples are collimated and received
The flashlight that storage is reflected back enters to pass to THz beam expanders；
THz ripples are collimated and collector, for carrying out collimation adjustment to the flashlight after the processing of THz beam expanders, and to target
The flashlight of return is collected.
5. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring instrument according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the data processing
Device also includes；THz ripple plus lens for reducing interference of stray light interference signal；The THz baud generators also include using
Collimated in THz wave light beam, reduce the collimation lens of beam divergence angle, the collimation lens is positioned over the generation of THz ripples
Between device and isolator.
6. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method, it is characterised in that including
Step 1：Terahertz light is produced by THz wave generation devices；Terahertz light is reflected into reference by THz ripple beam splitters
Light, while being transmitted as flashlight；And adjust the reference light that reference light adjusting means is adjusted and is reflected simultaneously with target detection unit
The signal of reflection is synthesized, and forms interference signal；
Step 2：The reference light produced by reference to light adjusting means to THz ripples beam splitter carries out total reflection processing；While target
Detection device passes through flashlight after mobile target reflection processing；THz ripples beam splitter adjusts reference light adjusting means and anti-
The signal that the reference light penetrated is adjusted and reflected with target detection unit is synthesized, and forms interference signal；
Step 3：The interference signal after the processing of THz ripples beam splitter is filtered by the THz wave filters of data processing equipment, and
Filtered interference signal is detected by the THz wave detectors of data processing equipment；Then showing by data processing equipment
The signal of ripple device record THz wave detector outputs, obtains data to oscillograph finally by the processor of data processing equipment and enters
Row analyzing and processing, obtains distance and speed that target is moved towards interference measuring instrument；Concrete processing procedure includes：
Step 31：The magnitude of voltage V (t) that oscillograph recording is exported by THz wave detectors, V (t) amplitude is proportional to THz interference
Signal power, and meet：
By Short Time Fourier Transform, formula (1) is handled, Doppler frequency shift f is obtainedd(t)；Wherein A represents interference signal
DC component, B represents interference signal AC compounent amplitude, and has A=Vr+Vs,Wherein VrAnd VsRespectively with
The magnitude of voltage that reference light power and signal luminous power is directly proportional,The 0 moment reference light and flashlight that are target when not actuated
Phase difference, the phase difference determines by the initial optical path difference of reference light and flashlight, and λ is THz optical source wavelengths；The target
For towards the one-way movement of interference measuring instrument；Wherein Doppler frequency shift fd(t) it is that its is anti-when target is moved with speed u (t)
Being emitted back towards the frequency f of the THz wave come can be changed due to Doppler effect, its frequency variation；
Step 32：According to Doppler frequency shift fd(t) with target speed u (t) relationObtain target velocity u
(t)；
Step 33：Utilize target displacement L (T) and speed u (t) relationObtain target total displacement.
7. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the THz ripples production
Generating apparatus includes the THz baud generators for launching continuous THz wave and prevents that THz wave from being reflected or rear orientation light is returned
The isolator returned；The isolator is placed between THz baud generators and THz ripple beam splitters.
8. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the reference light
Adjusting means includes：
THz completely reflecting mirrors, for THz ripple beam splitters to be reflected to the THz wave reflection as reference light；
THz adjustable attenuators, the THz wave for THz completely reflecting mirrors to be reflected back passes to THz ripples beam splitter and visited into THz
Survey device.
9. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the target is visited
Surveying device includes THz beam expanders, Thz polarizers and THz ripples collimation and collector；THz beam expanders, for by THz wavelength-division beams
Flashlight after device projection is expanded, and the flashlight returned to THz ripples collimation and collector carries out shrink beam and collected；
THz polarizers, for THz beam expanders to be expanded after flashlight carry out polarization state regulation；And THz ripples are collimated and received
The flashlight that storage is reflected back enters to pass to THz beam expanders；
THz ripples are collimated and collector, for carrying out collimation adjustment to the flashlight after the processing of THz beam expanders, and to target
The flashlight of return is collected.
10. a kind of THz wave Doppler difference measuring method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that at the data
Reason device also includes；THz ripple plus lens for reducing interference of stray light interference signal；The THz baud generators also include
For being collimated to THz wave light beam, reduce the collimation lens of beam divergence angle, the collimation lens is positioned over the production of THz ripples
Between raw device and isolator.
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| CN110632585B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-06-29 | 华中科技大学 | Vector Doppler effect measuring method and device |
| CN112964901B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-03-29 | 中南大学 | Fluid flow velocity measuring device based on terahertz high-speed echo effect |
| CN113406264B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-16 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Explosive burning rate non-contact type measurement experiment device and method based on terahertz waves |
| CN115823969A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-03-21 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Device and method for measuring explosion speed of shell in fire safety test |
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