CN105509725A - Miniature nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope - Google Patents
Miniature nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN105509725A CN105509725A CN201510845609.3A CN201510845609A CN105509725A CN 105509725 A CN105509725 A CN 105509725A CN 201510845609 A CN201510845609 A CN 201510845609A CN 105509725 A CN105509725 A CN 105509725A
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- vacuum room
- magnetic resonance
- nuclear magnetic
- gyroscope
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/60—Electronic or nuclear magnetic resonance gyrometers
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a gyroscope device in the field of inertia measurement and relates to a miniature nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope. The miniature nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope comprises a vacuum room filled with alkali metal and a gas mixture of inert gases. The inside of the top of the vacuum room is plated with a reflective film. A laser for releasing light beam used for pumping and detection is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum room. Two detectors are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the laser and are used for detecting rotation speed signals. Helmholtz coils used for generating a transverse oscillating magnetic field are arranged at two sides of the vacuum room. Solenoid coils used for generating a static magnetic field required by Larmor precession of atomic nucleus surround an optical system composed of the vacuum room, the laser and the Helmholtz coils. The outside of the solenoid coils adopts a shielding structure for magnetic shielding. Volume of the gyroscope is reduced, influence of jitter due to light intensity on precision of the gyroscope is effectively lowered, and precision of the gyroscope is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gyroscope equipment of field of inertia measurement, relate to a kind of nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope of miniaturization.
Background technology
Magnetic resonance gyroscope concept originates from the sixties in 20th century, and its principle causes atomic nucleus Larmor precession frequency to change when utilizing carrier rotation to measure carrier rotation speed.
Atomic nucleus has magnetic moment, is placed on static magnetic field B
0in, nuclear moments can carry out Larmor precession around magnetic field:
ω
0=γB
0(1)
When carrier rotates around static magnetic field, measure in the carrier and obtain angular Larmor frequency and change, by measuring Larmor frequency ω in carrier
obscarrier angular velocity can be determined.
Ω=γB
0-ω
obs(2)
Traditional magnetic resonance gyroscope adopts independent pumping radiant and detection radiant, and detector is coaxial with detection radiant, and the speed of gyro carrier is determined by the change detecting light intensity.The blowing of air chamber traditional handicraft forms.This structure adopt discrete device too much cause gyro volume excessive, be unfavorable for that through engineering approaches is applied, just because of this inferior position, make last century magnetic resonance gyroscope with the competition of optical gyroscope in be eliminated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: overcome existing magnetic resonance gyroscope model machine bulky, the defect of not easily through engineering approaches application, proposes the nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope that a kind of volume is little, precision is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope, and it comprises the vacuum room of the mixed gas being filled with alkaline metal and inert gas, and vacuum room's top interior is coated with reflectance coating; The laser instrument that release is used for the light beam of pumping and detection is placed in bottom vacuum room; Two detectors are placed for detecting tach signal in laser instrument both sides symmetry; Helmholtz coils for generation of swaying magnetic field is arranged on vacuum room both sides; For generation of the solenoid of static magnetic field needed for atomic nucleus Larmor precession around the optical system of vacuum room, laser instrument, Helmholtz coils composition, solenoid outside adopts shielding construction to carry out magnetic shielding.
Described laser instrument is vertical plane cavity laser.
Described vacuum room adopts seven discrete devitrified glasses structures to utilize low-temperature bonding technology to bond and forms, its top is two to be had symmetrical interior wedge surface and is coated with the devitrified glass module of high-reflecting film, middle part is the rectangular shaped post devitrified glass module that the face of two inside cavity is coated with buffer film, bottom is coated with the microcrystalline glass of anti-reflection film for both sides, and the face that its side is provided with two inside cavity is coated with the rectangular shaped post microcrystalline glass of buffer film.
When carrying out optical detection, two-way detection light enters vacuum room along contrary direction, and is detected by two-way detector respectively, then carries out differential signal process, obtains tach signal.
Magnet shielding structure adopts opening not on one wire, and mutually stagger four layers of radome.
Solenoid length two orders of magnitude larger than air chamber length.
The large order of magnitude of Helmholtz coils radius gap ratio air chamber length.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention uses divergent light source to realize the function of pumping light and detection light simultaneously, detector is placed in the symmetrical both sides of light source, this device is while reduction gyro volume, the mode adopting double detector to measure reduces because light intensity shakes the impact caused Gyro Precision, promotes Gyro Precision.In addition, because vacuum room utilizes low-temperature bonding technology to make, be convenient to plenum interior plated film, ensure angle and angular velocity measurement precision, be highly suitable for inertial navigation, the field of high-precision measurement such as magnetic-field measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument of the present invention;
The front view of Tu2Shi vacuum room of the present invention;
The left view of Tu3Shi vacuum room of the present invention;
The right view of Tu4Shi vacuum room of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument pumping photosystem schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument detection system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope of the present invention instrument detecting strategy principle schematic,
Wherein, 1-vertical plane cavity laser, 2-photodiode, 3-vacuum room, 4-Helmholtz coils, 5-solenoid, 6-magnetic shielding cover.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing with the present invention will be further described:
Refer to Fig. 1, miniaturization magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument of the present invention relates to a kind of design of magnetic resonance gyroscope, and it comprises the vacuum room of the mixed gas being filled with alkaline metal and inert gas, and vacuum room's top interior is coated with reflectance coating.The vertical plane cavity laser of the required light beam of release is placed in bottom air chamber.Two detectors are placed for detecting tach signal in laser instrument both sides symmetry.Helmholtz coils is arranged on vacuum room both sides, for generation of swaying magnetic field.Solenoid is around the optical system of vacuum room, laser instrument, Helmholtz coils composition, for generation of the static magnetic field needed for atomic nucleus Larmor precession, and magnetic shielding is carried out with four layers of shielding construction in solenoid outside, simultaneously for ensureing the effect of magnetic shielding, the opening of four layers of radome not on one wire, and staggers mutually.
The discrete devitrified glasses of as shown in Figure 2 seven of vacuum room involved by the present invention build and utilize that low-temperature bonding technology is bonding to be formed, and build 21,22 wedge surfaces and are coated with high-reflecting film and enter detector in order to reflect pumping light beams; Rectangular shaped post 23,24,25,26 faces becoming inside cavity are coated with buffer film increases the dielectric relaxor time of alkaline metal in air chamber.Microcrystalline glass 27 both sides are coated with anti-reflection film and reduce the absorption of cavity to pumping light and projection light itself.Discrete glass builds the scheme being bonded to vacuum room and is convenient to be coated with any film with the relaxation time of Optimization Work medium at plenum interior; Top ridge design can produce horizontal detection light component, so just utilizes single light source to achieve the effect of pumping light and detection light simultaneously.
Vacuum room complete closed before, utilize special process to be filled with vapour of an alkali metal wherein, inert gas, and cancellation gas (N
2).The effect of vapour of an alkali metal has two: 1) realize its polarization, 2 for the polarized state of pumping light being passed to inert gas) alkaline metal that the polarizes macroscopic moment that precession inert gas can be produced measure after amplifying.In addition, inert gas due to its gyromagnet smaller, be magnetic resonance gyroscope development middle ideal working gas.The photon that cancellation gas produces for absorbing alkaline metal spontaneous radiation, reduces the possibility that this photon is absorbed again by alkaline metal, promotes alkali-metal polarizability.
The vertical plane cavity laser 31 as shown in Figure 3 of light-source system involved by the present invention and respective optical device composition.Vertical plane cavity laser is a kind of semiconductor laser, and its laser vertical penetrates in end face, compared with conventional laser: 1) have comparatively Vernonia parishii Hook. F. angle, and the detection light component being used for producing when making magnetic resonance gyroscope is larger; 2) can produce by chip type, in very little volume, realize the function of laser, be conducive to the through engineering approaches of magnetic resonance gyroscope.When practical application, first utilize collimating apparatus 32 pairs of light beams to collimate, collimated light becomes line polarisation by the polarizer 33, and place 1/2 wave plate 34 after the polarizer after, line polarisation becomes circularly polarized light.Utilize circularly polarized light to irradiate vacuum room, its angular momentum is transferred to vapour of an alkali metal by optical pumping effect, utilizes spin exohange collision mechanism to achieve the polarization of working gas inert gas.Light beam is reflected to detector place at arrival air chamber crestal culmination.The light beam being reflected back detector comprises relative to static magnetic field B
0cross stream component, the measurement of Larmor precession frequency can be carried out as detection light.
The detector that detection system involved by the present invention is placed by apportion and light source symmetria bilateralis and corresponding circuits thereof form.The light intensity that detector receives is made up of two parts, and a part is identical with pumping light direction, is the stray light in detection light path; A part is vertical with pumping light, and be detection light, this part light intensity changes the rotating speed of corresponding gyro carrier.In order to extract weak signal under strong basis, demodulation must be carried out by signal source close to inert gas Larmor precession frequency to it, extracting gyroscope speed.
Double detector detection method data processing method of the present invention is as Fig. 4) as described in, two-way detection light enters air chamber along contrary direction, and detecting light beam is detected by two-way detector, wherein 1 tunnel light intensity I
1(t)=I
0+ I (Ω), an other road light intensity I
2(t)=I
0-I (Ω), does as 3 two-way result of detection) process:
The program can reduce light source intensity shake and cause measurement result noise, and Gyro Precision can effectively promote.
Static magnetic field described in patent is formed by solenoid coiling, and solenoid produces single shaft static magnetic field ideal device, and the magnetic field theoretically on its central axis is:
For ensureing that static magnetic field is uniformly distributed within the scope of air chamber, solenoid length should two orders of magnitude larger than air chamber length.
Described oscillating magnetic field is produced by positive Helmholtz coils, and its oscillation frequency should be ω
a=γ B
0, when the large order of magnitude of guarantee Helmholtz coils radius gap ratio air chamber length, uniformity of magnetic field is more than 10
-5.
Described magnetic shielding cover is combined into by four cover separate shields, and the magnetic shielding cover shielding properties of separation will significantly better than single radome:
Theory calculate, utilize relative permeability to be greater than the material of 50000, the radome of four layers of shielding construction, shielding factor can reach 10
6.Single-layer shield cover will reach the shielding properties of magnitude like this, and volume can increase by two orders of magnitude, is unfavorable for the miniaturization of whole gyro volume.
The present invention has following beneficial effect relative to prior art:
1) the present invention adopts low-temperature bonding technology to be bonded to vacuum work air chamber, is easy to be coated with buffer film and high-reflecting film to air chamber inwall, realizes high quality vacuum air chamber and makes.
2) the present invention adopts ridge structure air chamber, and air chamber crestal culmination is coated with reflectance coating, and the reflection of pumping light is entered detector by this reflectance coating, utilizes single light source to realize the function of pumping light and detection light simultaneously, is beneficial to the integrated of system.
3) the present invention adopts chip-scale vertical plane cavity laser, reduces light source volume, is greatly reduced by gyro volume.
4) the present invention adopts small-sized Helmholtz coils to produce oscillating magnetic field, and this coil can realize uniform magnetic field in very small size;
5) the present invention adopts separate type 4 Rotating fields to make radome, and shielding factor more than six orders of magnitude, can effectively promote stability and the reliability of magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument.
Claims (7)
1. a miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope, is characterized in that, comprises the vacuum room of the mixed gas being filled with alkaline metal and inert gas, and vacuum room's top interior is coated with reflectance coating; The laser instrument that release is used for the light beam of pumping and detection is placed in bottom vacuum room; Two detectors are placed for detecting tach signal in laser instrument both sides symmetry; Helmholtz coils for generation of swaying magnetic field is arranged on vacuum room both sides; For generation of the solenoid of static magnetic field needed for atomic nucleus Larmor precession around the optical system of vacuum room, laser instrument, Helmholtz coils composition, solenoid outside adopts shielding construction to carry out magnetic shielding.
2. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described laser instrument is vertical plane cavity laser.
3. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vacuum room adopts seven discrete devitrified glasses to utilize, and low-temperature bonding technology is bonding to be formed, its top is two to be had symmetrical interior wedge surface and is coated with the devitrified glass module of high-reflecting film, middle part is the rectangular shaped post devitrified glass module that two one sides are coated with buffer film, when carrying out bonding, should facing to plenum interior, bottom is coated with the microcrystalline glass of anti-reflection film for both sides, and the face that its side is provided with two inside cavity is coated with the rectangular shaped post microcrystalline glass of buffer film.
4. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when carrying out optical detection, two-way detection light enters vacuum room along contrary direction, and detected by two-way detector respectively, then carry out differential signal process, obtain tach signal.
5. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, magnet shielding structure adopts opening not on one wire, and mutually stagger four layers of radome.
6. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, solenoid length two orders of magnitude larger than air chamber length.
7. miniaturization nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the large order of magnitude of Helmholtz coils radius gap ratio air chamber length.
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Cited By (12)
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CN105973217A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Miniature nuclear magnetic resonance gyro air chamber |
CN106024260A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Double-coil structure for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope high-precision magnetic field control |
CN108152859A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | One kind is based on3He nuclear spins precession high-precision magnetic field measuring device and method |
CN108519078A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 黄冬青 | A kind of micro-structure magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
CN108548531A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-18 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | A kind of integrated atomic air chamber of microminiature for magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
CN108562861A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-21 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | A kind of symmetrical caesium optical pumped magnetometer for magnetic gradient measurements |
CN109579812A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-04-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of high regularity atomic air chamber manufacturing method |
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CN106989759B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-01-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experiment platform structure of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
CN111551163A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Quadrupole nuclear rotation sideband inertial rotation measuring method and triaxial NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) gyroscope device |
CN114001725A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-01 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Pumping laser and magnetic field azimuth alignment device and method |
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CN105973217A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Miniature nuclear magnetic resonance gyro air chamber |
CN106024260A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-10-12 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Double-coil structure for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope high-precision magnetic field control |
CN106024260B (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-02-09 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of two coil configuration for the control of magnetic resonance gyroscope high accuracy magnetic field |
CN108152859A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | One kind is based on3He nuclear spins precession high-precision magnetic field measuring device and method |
CN106989759B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-01-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Experiment platform structure of nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
CN108562861A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-21 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | A kind of symmetrical caesium optical pumped magnetometer for magnetic gradient measurements |
CN108562861B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-10-16 | 上海通用卫星导航有限公司 | Symmetrical cesium optical pump magnetometer for magnetic gradient measurement |
CN108548531A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-18 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | A kind of integrated atomic air chamber of microminiature for magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
CN108548531B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2023-10-03 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Microminiature integrated atomic air chamber for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
CN108519078A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-11 | 黄冬青 | A kind of micro-structure magnetic resonance gyroscope instrument |
CN108519078B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2020-09-01 | 黄冬青 | Microstructure nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
CN109579812A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-04-05 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞行自动控制研究所 | A kind of high regularity atomic air chamber manufacturing method |
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CN111551163A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Quadrupole nuclear rotation sideband inertial rotation measuring method and triaxial NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) gyroscope device |
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CN114061558A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-18 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope |
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