CN105506338A - Preparation method for foamed aluminum composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for foamed aluminum composite material, and belongs to the field of foamed aluminum material. According to the invention, stannic oxide, calcium carbonate and aluminum powder are adopted as raw material and are placed into a reaction still, the aluminum powder generates thermit reaction and is finally resolved into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide by guiding nitrogen gas into the reaction still and adopting magnesium rods as ignition agents, then the generated calcium oxide and the generated carbon dioxide are mixed with foaming agents ENJ-3029 and polyacrylamide and then are dissolved into water for forming slurry, the slurry is sprayed on manufactured foaming blanks, then the foaming blanks are dried, and finally the foamed aluminum composite material is obtained. Through the examples, the preparation method is unique and novel, the shortcomings that the cost is high and the resolving speed is high when TiH2 and calcium metal are adopted as foaming agents and thickening agents respectively are overcome, and the manufactured foamed aluminum material is high in yield and can be widely applied.

Description

A kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium composite material

Technical field

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of foamed aluminium composite material, belong to foamed aluminium material field.

Background technology

Foamed aluminium is a kind of new function material, and it is the similar foamed ultralight metallic substance of numerous bubbles of being scattered here and there in metallic aluminium matrix, and general porosity is 40% ~ 98%.Its density is little, high-selenium corn impact capacity is strong, high temperature resistant, fire resistance is strong, anticorrosive, sound insulation and noise reduction, thermal conductivity are low, electromagnetic wave shielding is high, weathering resistance is strong, have filtration capacity, easily process, easily install, forming accuracy is high, can carry out external coating, therefore, have a wide range of applications in fields such as machinery, electronics, building, communications and transportation, light industry, military projects.

The foamed aluminium preparation technology of current most commercial value is foam melt method, can production large size and have the closed-cell aluminum foam of regular pore space structure, but Problems existing is mainly manifested in:

(1) traditional technology mostly adopts TiH ₂deng as whipping agent and calcium metal as tackifier, TiH ₂the fast feature of class whipping agent decomposition rate makes this method operational condition harsh, and yield rate is low;

(2) expensive TiH ₂the use of class whipping agent and calcium metal, also further increases the manufacturing cost of closed-cell aluminum foam.

Therefore, alternative TiH is developed ₂the type material of class whipping agent is significant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves: for foam melt method traditional at present in the process preparing foamed aluminium material, although can production large size and there is the closed-cell aluminum foam of regular pore space structure, but still there is operational condition harshness, yield rate low and use TiH ₂whipping agent and calcium metal tackifier decomposition rate fast, the present situation that price is high, providing a kind of is that reactor put into by raw material by stannic oxide, calcium carbonate and aluminium powder, by passing into nitrogen in reactor, and use magnesium rod as detonator, make aluminium powder generation thermite reaction, final decomposition generates calcium oxide and carbonic acid gas, subsequently by the calcium oxide that generates and carbonic acid gas and ENJ-3029 pore forming material, polyacrylamide mixed dissolution in water, be injected on the foaming blank made, through super-dry, thus obtain the preparation method of foamed aluminium composite material.The inventive method is unique novel, not only solves TiH ₂there is expensive, that decomposition rate is fast shortcoming with calcium metal as whipping agent and thickening material, and the foamed aluminium material yield rate made is high, is applicable to large-scale application.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

(1) according to the mass fraction, get 5 ~ 10 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 15 ~ 25min, cross 110 ~ 120 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 50 ~ 60 parts of aluminium powders, 30 ~ 45 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 15 ~ 20min with the rotating speed of 100 ~ 150r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder;

(2) by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 5 ~ 6mL/min, after 10 ~ 15min, stop passing into, leave standstill 3 ~ 5min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 400 ~ 500 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 200 ~ 250r/min, stir 1 ~ 2h, obtain the base-material that foams;

(3) according to the mass fraction, get 30 ~ 65 parts of cement, 20 ~ 25 parts of vermiculites, 5 ~ 30 parts of sepiolites and 10 ~ 15 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 10 ~ 12min, obtain mixed powder;

(4) 300 ~ 500g Walocel MT 20.000PV is got, the clear water that 8 ~ 10L is housed put into by 250 ~ 300g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and add the barium hydroxide solution that 150 ~ 200mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 7.2 ~ 8.5, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 65 ~ 85 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 5 ~ 8 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 35 ~ 55min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue;

(5) filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 100 ~ 105 DEG C, carry out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 1 ~ 2%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure;

(6) the ENJ-3029 pore forming material of above-mentioned steps (2) foaming base-material quality 30 ~ 35%, the polyacrylamide of 10 ~ 20% is got, put into 800 ~ 1200mL deionized water, add the foaming base-material that above-mentioned steps (2) obtains subsequently more wherein, 35 ~ 45min is stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry;

(7) slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 3 ~ 5m3/h, the foaming blank that above-mentioned steps (5) obtains is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, foaming blank after spray is put into drying machine drying treatment 30 ~ 35min that temperature is 110 ~ 115 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.

The foamed aluminium composite material porosity ranges that the present invention obtains is 88 ~ 95%, pore diameter range is 4 ~ 6mm.

Principle of the present invention is: first the present invention is burnt in nitrogen by magnesium, as detonator, make aluminium powder generation thermite reaction, discharge a large amount of heat, initiated oxidation tin and aluminium powder react, reduction-oxidation tin, generate liquid tin, simultaneously calcium carbonate decomposes becomes calcium oxide and carbonic acid gas, and the calcium oxide decomposing generation the most at last makes thickening material in process, carbonic acid gas as whipping agent as foamed aluminium composite material.

Application method of the present invention is: foamed aluminium composite material the present invention obtained tailors growth 60 ~ 80cm, the size of wide 30 ~ 40cm, evenly paste on the wall of viaduct both sides, as sound-absorbing wall, after testing, the overhead noise pasting foamed aluminium composite material of the present invention has been reduced to 40 ~ 45dB from 80 ~ 85dB, greatly reduces the injury of urban traffic noise to human body.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) the inventive method is unique novel, utilizes calcium oxide as thickening material, carbonic acid gas as whipping agent, solves TiH ₂expensive, that decomposition rate is fast shortcoming is there is as whipping agent;

(2) operation is simple in the present invention, can obtain the environmental protection foamed aluminium material of porousness, lightweight, and the foamed aluminium material yield rate made is high, is applicable to large-scale application.

Embodiment

First according to the mass fraction, get 5 ~ 10 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 15 ~ 25min, cross 110 ~ 120 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 50 ~ 60 parts of aluminium powders, 30 ~ 45 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 15 ~ 20min with the rotating speed of 100 ~ 150r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder; Then by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 5 ~ 6mL/min, after 10 ~ 15min, stop passing into, leave standstill 3 ~ 5min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 400 ~ 500 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 200 ~ 250r/min, stir 1 ~ 2h, obtain the base-material that foams; Again according to the mass fraction, get 30 ~ 65 parts of cement, 20 ~ 25 parts of vermiculites, 5 ~ 30 parts of sepiolites and 10 ~ 15 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 10 ~ 12min, obtain mixed powder; Next 300 ~ 500g Walocel MT 20.000PV is got, the clear water that 8 ~ 10L is housed put into by 250 ~ 300g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and add the barium hydroxide solution that 150 ~ 200mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 7.2 ~ 8.5, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 65 ~ 85 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 5 ~ 8 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 35 ~ 55min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue; The filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 100 ~ 105 DEG C, carries out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 1 ~ 2%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure; Get the above-mentioned ENJ-3029 pore forming material of foaming base-material quality 30 ~ 35%, the polyacrylamide of 10 ~ 20% afterwards, put into 800 ~ 1200mL deionized water, add foaming base-material obtained above more wherein subsequently, 35 ~ 45min is stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry; Finally slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 3 ~ 5m3/h, foaming blank obtained above is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, foaming blank after spray is put into drying machine drying treatment 30 ~ 35min that temperature is 110 ~ 115 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.

Example 1

First according to the mass fraction, get 5 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 15min, cross 110 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 50 parts of aluminium powders, 30 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 15min with the rotating speed of 100r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder; Then by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 5mL/min, after 10min, stop passing into, leave standstill 3min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 400 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 200r/min, stir 1h, obtain the base-material that foams; Again according to the mass fraction, get 30 parts of cement, 20 parts of vermiculites, 5 parts of sepiolites and 10 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 10min, obtain mixed powder; Next get 300g Walocel MT 20.000PV, the clear water that 8L is housed put into by 250g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and adds the barium hydroxide solution that 150mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 7.2, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 65 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 5 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 35min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue; The filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 100 DEG C, carries out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 1%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure; Get the above-mentioned ENJ-3029 pore forming material of foaming base-material quality 30%, the polyacrylamide of 10% afterwards, put into 800mL deionized water, add foaming base-material obtained above more wherein subsequently, stir 35min with the rotating speed of 300r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry; Finally slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 3m3/h, foaming blank obtained above is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, the foaming blank after spray is put into the drying machine drying treatment 30min that temperature is 110 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.

This example operation is simple, final obtained foamed aluminium composite material porosity ranges is 88%, pore diameter range is 4mm, during use, foamed aluminium composite material the present invention obtained tailors growth 60cm, the size of wide 30cm, evenly pastes on the wall of viaduct both sides, as sound-absorbing wall, after testing, the overhead noise pasting foamed aluminium composite material of the present invention has been reduced to 40dB from 80dB, greatly reduces the injury of urban traffic noise to human body.

Example 2

First according to the mass fraction, get 8 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 20min, cross 115 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 55 parts of aluminium powders, 40 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 18min with the rotating speed of 130r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder; Then by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 5.5mL/min, after 13min, stop passing into, leave standstill 4min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 450 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 230r/min, stir 1.5h, obtain the base-material that foams; Again according to the mass fraction, get 45 parts of cement, 23 parts of vermiculites, 25 parts of sepiolites and 13 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 11min, obtain mixed powder; Next get 400g Walocel MT 20.000PV, the clear water that 9L is housed put into by 280g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and adds the barium hydroxide solution that 180mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 7.8, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 75 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 7 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 45min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue; The filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 103 DEG C, carries out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 1.5%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure; Get the above-mentioned ENJ-3029 pore forming material of foaming base-material quality 33%, the polyacrylamide of 15% afterwards, put into 1000mL deionized water, add foaming base-material obtained above more wherein subsequently, stir 40min with the rotating speed of 330r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry; Finally slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 4m3/h, foaming blank obtained above is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, the foaming blank after spray is put into the drying machine drying treatment 33min that temperature is 113 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.

This example operation is simple, final obtained foamed aluminium composite material porosity ranges is 90%, pore diameter range is 5mm, during use, foamed aluminium composite material the present invention obtained tailors growth 70cm, the size of wide 35cm, evenly pastes on the wall of viaduct both sides, as sound-absorbing wall, after testing, the overhead noise pasting foamed aluminium composite material of the present invention has been reduced to 43dB from 83dB, greatly reduces the injury of urban traffic noise to human body.

Example 3

First according to the mass fraction, get 10 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 25min, cross 120 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 60 parts of aluminium powders, 45 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 150r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder; Then by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 6mL/min, after 15min, stop passing into, leave standstill 5min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 500 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 250r/min, stir 2h, obtain the base-material that foams; Again according to the mass fraction, get 65 parts of cement, 25 parts of vermiculites, 30 parts of sepiolites and 15 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 12min, obtain mixed powder; Next get 500g Walocel MT 20.000PV, the clear water that 10L is housed put into by 300g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and adds the barium hydroxide solution that 200mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 8.5, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 85 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 8 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 55min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue; The filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 105 DEG C, carries out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 2%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure; Get the above-mentioned ENJ-3029 pore forming material of foaming base-material quality 35%, the polyacrylamide of 20% afterwards, put into 1200mL deionized water, add foaming base-material obtained above more wherein subsequently, stir 45min with the rotating speed of 350r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry; Finally slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 5m3/h, foaming blank obtained above is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, the foaming blank after spray is put into the drying machine drying treatment 35min that temperature is 115 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.

This example operation is simple, final obtained foamed aluminium composite material porosity ranges is 95%, pore diameter range is 6mm, during use, foamed aluminium composite material the present invention obtained tailors growth 80cm, the size of wide 40cm, evenly pastes on the wall of viaduct both sides, as sound-absorbing wall, after testing, the overhead noise pasting foamed aluminium composite material of the present invention has been reduced to 45dB from 85dB, greatly reduces the injury of urban traffic noise to human body.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for foamed aluminium composite material, is characterized in that concrete operation step is:

(1) according to the mass fraction, get 5 ~ 10 parts of calcium carbonate and put into pulverizer, pulverize 15 ~ 25min, cross 110 ~ 120 mesh sieves, obtain calcium carbonate powders, subsequently the calcium carbonate powders obtained is placed in reactor, and add 50 ~ 60 parts of aluminium powders, 30 ~ 45 parts of stannic oxide wherein, stir 15 ~ 20min with the rotating speed of 100 ~ 150r/min, make it fully mix, obtain mixed powder;

(2) by airtight for the above-mentioned reactor that mixed powder is housed, at normal temperatures, bottom reactor, nitrogen is passed into the speed of 5 ~ 6mL/min, after 10 ~ 15min, stop passing into, leave standstill 3 ~ 5min, get magnesium rod subsequently, light and put into reactor rapidly afterwards, continue closed reactor, magnesium rod is burnt in nitrogen, when in question response still, temperature is increased to 400 ~ 500 DEG C, stop magnesium rod burning, lifting rotating speed is 200 ~ 250r/min, stir 1 ~ 2h, obtain the base-material that foams;

(3) according to the mass fraction, get 30 ~ 65 parts of cement, 20 ~ 25 parts of vermiculites, 5 ~ 30 parts of sepiolites and 10 ~ 15 parts of attapulgites, put into ball mill and carry out ball-milling processing, after 10 ~ 12min, obtain mixed powder;

(4) 300 ~ 500g Walocel MT 20.000PV is got, the clear water that 8 ~ 10L is housed put into by 250 ~ 300g hydroxyl third Mierocrystalline cellulose, and add the barium hydroxide solution that 150 ~ 200mL mass concentration is 15% wherein, pH is regulated to be 7.2 ~ 8.5, subsequently mixed powder obtained above is poured in clear water, stir, in whipping process, 65 ~ 85 DEG C are warming up to the speed program of 5 ~ 8 DEG C/min, continue insulated and stirred 35 ~ 55min, treat that insulated and stirred completes, the mixture after stirring is put into cloth funnel, to its suction filtration, collect filter residue;

(5) filter residue that above-mentioned collection obtains is put into drying, at 100 ~ 105 DEG C, carry out drying treatment, when filter residue water content reaches 1 ~ 2%, stop dry, be cooled to room temperature, obtain the filling spheroid foaming blank with nucleocapsid structure;

(6) the ENJ-3029 pore forming material of above-mentioned steps (2) foaming base-material quality 30 ~ 35%, the polyacrylamide of 10 ~ 20% is got, put into 800 ~ 1200mL deionized water, add the foaming base-material that above-mentioned steps (2) obtains subsequently more wherein, 35 ~ 45min is stirred with the rotating speed of 300 ~ 350r/min, make it fully mix, obtain slurry;

(7) slurry obtained above is put into shotcrete machine, with the speed of 3 ~ 5m3/h, the foaming blank that above-mentioned steps (5) obtains is sprayed, treat that whole pulp jets is complete, foaming blank after spray is put into drying machine drying treatment 30 ~ 35min that temperature is 110 ~ 115 DEG C, a kind of foamed aluminium composite material can be obtained.