CN105499494B - Copper piece manufacture method - Google Patents
Copper piece manufacture method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105499494B CN105499494B CN201511014436.7A CN201511014436A CN105499494B CN 105499494 B CN105499494 B CN 105499494B CN 201511014436 A CN201511014436 A CN 201511014436A CN 105499494 B CN105499494 B CN 105499494B
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- Prior art keywords
- casting
- copper
- liquid
- passage
- copper piece
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/01—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion starting from material of particular form or shape, e.g. mechanically pre-treated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of copper piece manufacture method, comprise the following steps：（1）Pre- type casting moulding：With the corresponding casting blank of sandmold casting copper piece, and casting blank design margin is set to be 5~10%；（2）Intermediate treatment：After solidification cooling, casting nozzle is removed, and blasting treatment is carried out to casting blank surface；（3）It is cold extrusion shaped：Casting blank Jing Guo surface sand-blasting process is put into the extrusion die to match, pressing formation, trimming deburring, produced.The utilization rate that the present invention produce copper casting material reaches 70% or so, high yield rate, and the roughness outside product is low, intensity is high, suitable for the manufacturing of various complex configuration copper piece, and production efficiency height, manufacturing procedure simply, workpiece size standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology field, and in particular to a kind of copper piece manufacture method.
Background technology
Copper casting continued to use the casting method of common sand mold always before 2006, was then machined out again, due to general
The defects of coarse technique, low intensity be present in logical sand mold, easily cause burning into sand, rise case the problems such as, so casting yield is insufficient
85%, and the casting nozzle reserved of casting and the excessive utilization rate for causing material of allowance are less than 25%.Other such product
There is processing technology complicated, difficulty of processing is big, and processing dimension is difficult to control, the shortcomings such as product surface roughness high rigidity is low, processing
Cost is naturally high.
Original casting technique was replaced with the new processing technology of latter in 2008, such a technique is exactly that copper product is first done
Into copper rod, then hot extrusion, it is cold drawn into product design similar in section bar, a section youngster is then divided into by sawing machine, redundance is sawed
Fall, then via the equipment machine-shaping such as milling machine, drilling machine.The technique has brought up to 40~50% compared with conventional cast technology utilization rate, but
Manufactured workpiece appearance roughness is low, hardness is high, and following process is still complex, and the complicated workpiece of some structures still can not
With this technique productions.
Copper piece for electric utility especially ultra-high-tension power transmission line, it is desirable to which device surface is smooth, interior solid, entirety are led
Good electrical property, and the product that existing copper piece manufacturing process produces is difficult in adapt to real needs.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of copper piece manufacture method, first pre- type casting moulding, then surface through sandblasting at
Reason, then it is cold extrusion shaped；The utilization rate that the present invention produces copper casting material reaches 70% or so, high yield rate, thick outside product
Rugosity is low, intensity is high, and suitable for the manufacturing of various complex configuration copper piece, and production efficiency is high, manufacturing procedure is simple, work
Part dimensional standard.
To solve problem above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of copper piece manufacture method is designed, is comprised the following steps：
（1）Pre- type casting moulding：With the corresponding casting blank of sandmold casting copper piece, and make casting blank design margin for 5~
10%。
Preferably, in step（1）In, overlay film sand mo(u)ld is first made, is then poured into a mould, the cast temperature control of fine copper exists
1150~1200 DEG C, the cast temperature of copper alloy, which controls, follows first slow rear fast flow control original at 950~1050 DEG C, casting
Then.
It is furthermore preferred that the overlay film sand mo(u)ld includes a number of casting die cavity, casting liquid passage, keeps away slag inner core and casting nozzle leads to
Road, the casting die cavity is distributed in casting liquid channel circumference, and is connected with casting liquid passage, and the slag inner core of keeping away is respectively communicated with the casting
The bottom of liquid passage and sprue passage, and its position is less than the casting liquid passage.The sprue passage upper end position is higher than described
Casting die cavity；The slag inner core of keeping away is hollow type cushion chamber, and its top is provided with opening, can made between casting liquid passage and sprue passage
Connection.
(density of copper is more than the density of other impurity to the natural law of the invention using liquid buoyancy, therefore impurity is in copper
Floating state is presented in liquid）, sand mo(u)ld bottom is provided with and keeps away slag inner core, copper liquid is needed to first pass through and kept away in slag after pouring into from sprue passage
Flowed into after core in casting liquid passage, and then flow into casting die cavity；Position due to casting liquid passage, which is higher than, keeps away slag inner core, so keeping away in slag
Some copper liquid is just retained since just among core, when impurity is flowed in the copper liquid at this because the big buoyancy of density of copper is big
The reason for, impurity cannot be introduced into casting liquid passage, also can not just flow into casting die cavity, therefore can be effectively prevented from pressing from both sides in casting
The defects of slag, also laid a good foundation for the finishing of next step.
One of an important factor for reasonable control of copper liquid cast temperature is influence casting quality：If cast temperature it is too high because
Copper liquid separates out a large amount of gases and shrinks increase, is easily caused casting and produces stomata, shrinkage cavity, rough surface even crack defect, simultaneously
Shorten product service life；And cast temperature is too low, casting can be made to produce cold shut, misrun or the problems such as external form profile is unclear.
Control during casting to copper liquid flow is similarly important：It should typically be followed in normal casting cycle first slow rear fast
Flow Controlling principle, that is to say, that just start casting when copper liquid flow I effectively avoid impurity because flow velocity is too fast and by copper
Liquid, which is swept along, brings casting liquid passage into；As shown in Figure 3：Just start to keep away in slag that in-core copper liquid amount is less, caused buoyancy is smaller, such as
Flow is excessive easily to pour casting liquid passage by impurity, when copper liquid face is slowly highly increased to 5~7 centimetres of height in sprue passage
Pouring flow rate can be increased suitably, although now copper liquid flow large impact power is big, because the density of impurity is smaller and liquid level
Relatively deep, caused buoyancy is larger, so the problem of during casting therefore impulsive force caused by big flow is offset, is mingled with also just is met
Sword and solve.
In addition：Flow and temperature when copper liquid is cast should also be according to the thickness of casting wall on the principle basis for follow the above
Suitably adjusted, the thicker workpiece of casting wall should suitably reduce flow in casting, and copper liquid temperature should be also controlled than average
The relatively low scope of temperature, reason are due to that workpiece wall is thicker, and copper liquid retention amount is more in sand mo(u)ld die cavity, and setting time is longer, because
This easily causes that cast(ing) surface is coarse, has the defects of shrinkage cavity or crackle.The relatively thin workpiece of opposite casting wall answers corresponding enlargement discharge, pours
Casting temperature should be also controlled in mean temperature scope on the upper side, because casting wall is relatively thin, it is very fast, solidifying that copper liquid enters the cooling of casting die cavity
Gu it is very fast, therefore the defects of easily cause cold shut if flow is too small when casting, temperature is relatively low or misrun, directly result in yield rate
Decline.
（2）Intermediate treatment：After solidification cooling, casting nozzle is removed, and blasting treatment is carried out to casting blank surface.
Precoated sand possesses the characteristics of pattern intensity is high and teeming height is high, thus when casting in die cavity copper liquid pressure
Also higher, when possessing conditions above, the casting nozzle that we design is smaller than the casting nozzle of common sand mold by 38~45%, so improves
Stock utilization is also beneficial to the removal of casting casting nozzle.We directly from casting nozzle can break workpiece get off, and avoid simultaneously
Waste of material caused by cutting casting nozzle also reduces labor intensity.
Cast again more than 1000 degrees Celsius and in ordinary atmosphere due to copper liquid temperature, cast(ing) surface easily produces
Raw oxide layer, therefore casting needs to carry out surface sand-blasting process, the less workpiece of external form can use automatic rolling sandblasting, larger
Workpiece can use manual sandblasting to avoid mutually colliding with rolling.
（3）It is cold extrusion shaped：Casting blank Jing Guo surface sand-blasting process is put into the extrusion die to match, pressed
Shaping, trimming deburring, is produced.
The casting blank as described in carries through hole or cavity, then after being first put into the hard metal core rod to match, places into crowded
Pressing formation in compression mould.It is conventional extrusion mould in the spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by the extrusion die joint portion
0.05~0.08 times of clout groove.
The present invention casts the casting blank design margin in preforming Cold Extrusion Process（Waste material）For 5~10%, and commonly squeeze
Molded design margin is 30% or so.
Because the physical property of fine copper is softer, there is good ductility and plasticity, be easy to extrusion forming, and our roots
First cast with precoated sand according to the appearance structure of workpiece preforming, then carry out extrusion process again, this technique improves material profit
The hardness of workpiece is also improved with rate while is also more easy to plastotype.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following positive beneficial effect：
（1）The present invention can effectively improve the utilization rate of copper product, reduce feed back reprocessing, so as to also reduce environment dirt
Dye.
（2）The present invention can reduce processing link, reduce the difficulty of processing of product, while also improve production efficiency, drop
Low energy consumption.
（3）The present invention can improve the interior quality of product（Increase copper piece consistency, improve intensity）, reduce product design chi
Very little error, improves yield rate.
（4）The present invention eliminates epidermis oxide layer using surface sand-blasting technique, so as to reach the technology of follow-up cold extrusion
It is required that.Using cold extrusion shaped, appearance roughness ratio machining accessory surface roughness is low, and plasticity is strong.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sand mo(u)ld structural representation in prior art sand casting technique；
Fig. 2 is precoated sand mode structure schematic diagram used in the present invention；
Fig. 3 keeps away slag inner core fundamental diagram for overlay film sand mo(u)ld used in the present invention；
1 is casting die cavity in figure, and 2 be casting liquid passage, and 3 is keep away slag inner core, and 4 be sprue passage, and arrow flows to for copper liquid,
Granular substance is copper liquid impurity.
Fig. 4 is the tool rest blank front view of embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is the tool rest blank lateral plan of embodiment 1.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further described.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of copper piece manufacture method, comprises the following steps（So that ZW32 vacuum circuit breakers match somebody with somebody isolation tool rest as an example）：
（1）Precoated sand is preforming
Make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, referring to Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, including some casting die cavities, two casting liquid passages, one keep away slag inner core
With a sprue passage, casting blank design margin is 8%；Two casting liquid passages are distributed in the both sides of sprue passage, and three
Lower end is connected by keeping away slag inner core；The casting die cavity is distributed in casting liquid channel circumference again, and is connected with casting liquid passage；It is described to keep away
Slag inner core position is less than the casting liquid passage；The sprue passage upper end position is higher than the casting die cavity；
Then poured into a mould, the cast temperature of fine copper is 1180 DEG C, and the cast temperature of copper alloy is 1000 DEG C, should during casting
Follow first slow rear fast traffic control rule；
（2）Intermediate treatment
After solidification cooling, casting nozzle is removed, and blasting treatment is carried out to spray surface, obtains tool rest hair as shown in Figure 4,5
Embryo；
（3）It is cold extrusion shaped
Tool rest blank Jing Guo surface sand-blasting process is first put into diameter 18mm hard metal inner core, then containing inner core
Tool rest embryo material be put into extrusion die（It is conventional in the spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by the extrusion die joint portion
0.05~0.08 times of the clout groove of extrusion die）, forcing press is extruded with 400T or so strength, in forcing press pressurize 2
Top die automatically opens up after second, and cylinder ejects shaping workpiece under forcing press, and finally hard alloy inner core, which is extruded, can complete to extrude
Work.After tool rest casts embryo extrusion forming, we are made that in tool rest external form profile phase according to the appearance structure of the workpiece
The edger matched somebody with somebody, as long as the tool rest of extrusion forming is put into edger, then clout is cut away just using punch press or forcing press
Complete processing work.
Extrusion principle：First illustrated with extruding the preceding change in size with workpiece after extruding, as shown in Figure 4,5：Before extruding
Tool rest blank A B at C tri- size be more than the size at finished parts three, such a design is to allow tool rest embryo material in extrusion die cavity
Laterally flexible amount is produced, so that the full surface of tool rest external form profile is smooth.D overall dimensions at G two be less than finished parts again
Size, so first tool rest embryo material can be easily put into extrusion die cavity, be exactly be likewise supplied with increase deflection purpose.
In figure at F diameter 19mm circular hole be more than finished parts at this hole of diameter 18 be even more advantage of the present invention obvious embodiment, tool rest casting
Blastopore can easily be put into hard metal core rod greatly, and normal diameter 18mm size is can reach after extruding.In addition, extrusion die
The design size of the clout groove of tool is less than common extrusion die, and the space of clout groove is the clout slot space of common extrusion die
1/15th because the tool rest extrded material in this example is cast in advance, reserved clout is minimum, such as the sky of clout groove
Between the too big workpiece profile pressure that then directly results in it is discontented, and the small anti-work that can be saved when material can also increase extruding of clout slot space
Firmly, make that tool rest overall structure profile is full, surface roughness is low, material hardness is strong, so as to reach low-cost and high-quality
The technical requirements of electric power accessory.
Embodiment 2
A kind of copper piece manufacture method, it is substantially the same manner as Example 1 in addition to following：
Make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, including some casting die cavities, a casting liquid passage, one keep away slag inner core and a casting nozzle leads to
Road；Casting liquid passage and sprue passage are vertically arranged, and the two lower end is connected by keeping away slag inner core；The casting die cavity is distributed again
Connected in casting liquid channel circumference, and with casting liquid passage；The slag inner core position of keeping away is less than the casting liquid passage；The sprue passage
Upper end position is higher than the casting die cavity.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of copper piece manufacture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Pre- type casting moulding：With the corresponding casting blank of sandmold casting copper piece, and casting blank design margin is set to be 5~10%；
In the step（1）In, first make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, then poured into a mould, the control of the cast temperature of fine copper 1150~
1200 DEG C, the cast temperature control of copper alloy follows first slow rear fast flow Controlling principle at 950~1050 DEG C, casting；
The overlay film sand mo(u)ld includes a number of casting die cavity, casting liquid passage, keeps away slag inner core and sprue passage, the casting type
Chamber is distributed in casting liquid channel circumference, and is connected with casting liquid passage, and the slag inner core of keeping away is respectively communicated with the casting liquid passage and casting nozzle
The bottom of passage, and its position is less than the casting liquid passage；
（2）Intermediate treatment：After solidification cooling, casting nozzle is removed, and blasting treatment is carried out to casting blank surface；
（3）It is cold extrusion shaped：Casting blank Jing Guo surface sand-blasting process is put into the extrusion die to match, pressed into
Type, trimming deburring, is produced；
It is the clout groove of conventional extrusion mould in the spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by the extrusion die joint portion
0.05~0.08 times.
2. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（3）In, such as described casting hair
There are through hole or cavity in germ band, then after being first put into the hard metal core rod to match, places into pressing formation in extrusion die.
3. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The flow Controlling principle is：Start just
During casting the flow upper control limit of copper liquid be enable the impurity in copper liquid float without swept along by copper liquid bring into casting liquid passage be
It is accurate；When copper liquid level is raised to 5~7 centimetres in sprue passage, the increase of copper liquid pouring flow rate, and flow control is with casting die cavity
Do not produce cold shut inside or misrun and be defined.
4. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sprue passage upper end position is higher than described
Casting die cavity；The slag inner core of keeping away is hollow type cushion chamber, and its top is provided with opening, can made between casting liquid passage and sprue passage
Connection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511014436.7A CN105499494B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Copper piece manufacture method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511014436.7A CN105499494B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Copper piece manufacture method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105499494A CN105499494A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105499494B true CN105499494B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
Family
ID=55708009
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511014436.7A Active CN105499494B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Copper piece manufacture method |
Country Status (1)
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0071195A2 (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-02-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing hot extruded alloy products |
| CN1600469A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-03-30 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Technical method for manufacturing copper radiator |
| CN1603057A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-04-06 | 薛安志 | Precision casting and extrusion processing technique of high-carbon chromium bearing steel cycloid wheel |
| CN1897186A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-01-17 | 杭州之江开关股份有限公司 | Dynamic-contact braided-line cold press of circuit breaker |
| CN101707151A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 李建民 | Cold extrusion process of breaker contact pigtail lines |
| CN102078922A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-06-01 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Casting gating system |
| CN201979040U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-09-21 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Cast pouring system |
| CN103480678A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽新驰机械有限公司 | Cold extruding manufacturing technique of axial parts |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60149718A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1985-08-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of hot extruded material using cast billet as blank |
-
2015
- 2015-12-31 CN CN201511014436.7A patent/CN105499494B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0071195A2 (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-02-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing hot extruded alloy products |
| CN1603057A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-04-06 | 薛安志 | Precision casting and extrusion processing technique of high-carbon chromium bearing steel cycloid wheel |
| CN1600469A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-03-30 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Technical method for manufacturing copper radiator |
| CN1897186A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-01-17 | 杭州之江开关股份有限公司 | Dynamic-contact braided-line cold press of circuit breaker |
| CN101707151A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 李建民 | Cold extrusion process of breaker contact pigtail lines |
| CN102078922A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-06-01 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Casting gating system |
| CN201979040U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-09-21 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Cast pouring system |
| CN103480678A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽新驰机械有限公司 | Cold extruding manufacturing technique of axial parts |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105499494A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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