CN105499494A - Manufacturing method of copper parts - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of copper parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105499494A CN105499494A CN201511014436.7A CN201511014436A CN105499494A CN 105499494 A CN105499494 A CN 105499494A CN 201511014436 A CN201511014436 A CN 201511014436A CN 105499494 A CN105499494 A CN 105499494A
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- Prior art keywords
- casting
- copper
- foundry goods
- passage
- manufacture method
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/01—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion starting from material of particular form or shape, e.g. mechanically pre-treated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of copper parts. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) precasting forming: casting corresponding casting blanks of the copper parts with a sand molding method, and enabling the design margin of the casting blanks to be 5%-10%; (2) intermediate treatment: after solidifying and cooling, removing casting nozzles, and carrying out sand blasting on the surfaces of the casting blanks; (3) cold extruding forming: putting the casting blanks subjected to surface sand blasting into matched extruding molds, pressing and forming, and trimming to remove burrs. The material utilization rate of the produced copper casting part disclosed by the invention reaches about 70%, the rate of finished products is high, the outer roughness of the product is low and the strength is high, and the manufacturing method is suitable for production and manufacturing of various complicated copper parts, and is high in production efficiency, simple in processing working procedures and standard in workpiece dimensions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of copper piece manufacture method.
Background technology
Copper casting continued to use the casting method of common sand mold before 2006 always, and then carry out machined, because common sand mold exists the defects such as technique is coarse, intensity is low, easily cause burning into sand, rise the problems such as case, so casting yield is less than 85%, and foundry goods the casting nozzle reserved and the excessive utilization rate of material that causes of allowance less than 25%.This series products has processing technology complicated in addition, and difficulty of processing is large, and processing dimension is difficult to control, and the shortcomings such as product surface roughness high rigidity is low, processing cost is naturally higher.
After 2008, a kind of new processing technology replaces original casting technique, this kind of technique first makes copper rod copper product exactly, hot extrusion again, the section bar that cold drawn one-tenth is close with product design, then by the sawing machine section of being divided into youngster, redundance is amputated, then via the machine-shaping of the equipment such as milling machine, drilling machine.This technique comparatively conventional cast technology utilization rate has brought up to 40 ~ 50%, but the workpiece appearance roughness made is low, hardness is high, and following process is still comparatively complicated, and the complicated workpiece of some structures still cannot use this explained hereafter.
For the copper piece of electric utility especially ultra-high-tension power transmission line, require that device surface is smooth, interior solid, monolithic conductive performance are good, and the product that existing copper piece manufacturing process produces is difficult to adapt to reality need.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of copper piece manufacture method, first pre-type casting moulding, and rear surface is through blasting treatment, more cold extrusion shaped; The present invention produce copper casting material utilization rate reach about 70%, yield rate is high, and the roughness of product outside is low, intensity is high, is applicable to the manufacturing of various complex configuration copper piece, and production efficiency is high, manufacturing procedure simple, workpiece size standard.
For overcoming the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Design a kind of copper piece manufacture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) pre-type casting moulding: with the corresponding foundry goods blank of sandmold casting copper piece, and make foundry goods blank design margin be 5 ~ 10%.
Preferably, in step (1), first make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, then pour into a mould, the cast temperature of fine copper controls at 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, and the cast temperature of copper alloy controls at 950 ~ 1050 DEG C, follows first slow rear fast flow-control principle during casting.
Preferred, described overlay film sand mo(u)ld comprise some foundry goods die cavity, casting liquid passage, keep away slag inner core and sprue passage, described foundry goods die cavity is distributed in casting liquid channel circumference, and with casting liquid channel connection, the described bottom kept away slag inner core and be communicated with described casting liquid passage and sprue passage respectively, and its position is lower than described casting liquid passage.Described sprue passage upper end position is higher than described foundry goods die cavity; Described slag inner core of keeping away is hollow type cushion chamber, and its top is provided with opening, can make to be communicated with between casting liquid passage and sprue passage.
The present invention utilizes the natural law of liquid buoyancy, and (density of copper is greater than the density of other impurity, therefore impurity presents floating state in copper liquid), slag inner core is kept away by being provided with bottom sand mo(u)ld, copper liquid needs first to flow into after keeping away slag inner core in casting liquid passage after sprue passage pours into, and then flows into foundry goods die cavity; Because the position of casting liquid passage is higher than keeping away slag inner core, from just, some copper liquid is just retained so keep away in the middle of slag inner core, when impurity flows in the copper liquid at this place because of the reason that the large buoyancy of density of copper is large, impurity cannot enter in casting liquid passage, also just cannot flow in foundry goods die cavity, therefore the defect of slag inclusion in foundry goods can effectively be avoided, also for next step fine finishining is laid a good foundation.
The conservative control of copper liquid cast temperature is one of key factor affecting casting quality: increase because copper liquation goes out a large amount of gas and shrinks if cast temperature is too high, easily cause foundry goods to produce pore, shrinkage cavity, rough surface even crack defect, shorten product service life simultaneously; Cast temperature is too low, foundry goods can be made to produce cold shut, misrun or the problem such as external form profile is unclear.
Important too to the control of copper flow quantity during casting: generally should follow in normal casting cycle first slow after fast flow-control principle, that is when just starting to cast, the flow I of copper liquid is effectively avoided impurity to be swept along by copper liquid because flow velocity is too fast and is brought casting liquid passage into; As shown in Figure 3: it is less just to have started to keep away in-core copper liquid measure in slag, the buoyancy produced is less, as excessive in flow easily being poured by impurity casts liquid passage, when copper liquid level in sprue passage is slowly highly elevated to the height of 5 ~ 7 centimetres, pouring flow rate can suitably strengthen, although now copper flow quantity large impact power is large, the density due to impurity is less and liquid level is comparatively dark, and the buoyancy produced is larger, so therefore the impulsive force that during casting, large discharge causes is offset, the problem be mingled with also just has been readily solved.
In addition: the flow during casting of copper liquid and temperature also suitably should adjust according to the thickness of foundry goods wall following on above principle basis, the workpiece that foundry goods wall is thicker suitably should reduce flow when casting, copper liquid temperature also should control in the scope more on the low side than mean temperature, reason is because workpiece wall is thicker, in sand mo(u)ld die cavity, copper liquid retention amount is more, setting time is longer, therefore easily cause cast(ing) surface coarse, have the defect such as shrinkage cavity or crackle.Corresponding enlargement discharge answered by the workpiece that contrary foundry goods wall is thinner, cast temperature also should control in mean temperature scope on the upper side, because foundry goods wall is thinner, copper liquid enters foundry goods die cavity and cools comparatively fast, solidifies comparatively fast, therefore during casting, flow too small, that temperature is lower words easily cause cold shut or the defect such as to misrun, and directly cause decrease in yield.
(2) intermediate treatment: after solidification cooling, remove casting nozzle, and blasting treatment is carried out to foundry goods blank surface.
Precoated sand possesses the high and feature that teeming height is high of pattern intensity, therefore when casting, in die cavity, the pressure of copper liquid is also higher, when possessing above condition, our casting nozzle of design is less than the casting nozzle of common sand mold by 38 ~ 45%, so namely improves the removal that stock utilization is also conducive to foundry goods casting nozzle.We can directly break workpiece get off from casting nozzle, avoid the waste of material that causes of cutting casting nozzle simultaneously and also reduce labour intensity.
Because copper liquid temperature is cast again more than 1000 degrees Celsius in ordinary atmosphere, cast(ing) surface easily produces oxide layer, therefore foundry goods needs to carry out surface sand-blasting process, the workpiece that external form is less can adopt automatic rolling sandblasting, and larger workpiece can adopt manual sandblasting for avoiding mutually colliding with in rolling.
(3) cold extrusion shaped: the foundry goods blank through surface sand-blasting process is put into the extrusion die matched, pressing formation, and trimming deburring, to obtain final product.
As described in foundry goods blank with through hole or cavity, then after first putting into the hard metal core rod matched, then put into extrusion die pressing formation.The spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by described extrusion die joint portion is 0.05 ~ 0.08 times of the clout groove of conventional extrusion mould.
The foundry goods blank design margin (waste material) that the present invention casts in preformed Cold Extrusion Process is 5 ~ 10%, and common extruded design margin is about 30%.
Because the physical property of fine copper is softer, there is good ductility and plasticity, be easy to extruded, and we first cast preformed according to the appearance structure precoated sand of workpiece, and then carry out extrusion process, namely this technique improve hardness that stock utilization also improves workpiece simultaneously also easier plastotype.
compared with prior art, the present invention has following positive beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention effectively can improve the utilization rate of copper product, reduces feed back reprocessing, thus also reduces environmental pollution.
(2) the present invention can reduce processing link, reduces the difficulty of processing of product, also improves production efficiency simultaneously, reduces energy consumption.
(3) the present invention can improve the interior quality (increase copper piece density, improve intensity) of product, reduces product design scale error, improves yield rate.
(4) the present invention adopts surface sand-blasting technique to eliminate epidermis oxide layer, thus reaches follow-up cold-stamped technical requirement.Adopt cold extrusion shaped, appearance roughness ratio machined parts list surface roughness is low, and plasticity is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior art sand casting technique medium sand mode structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's precoated sand mode structure used schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 be the present invention's overlay film sand mo(u)ld used keep away slag inner core fundamental diagram;
In figure, 1 is foundry goods die cavity, and 2 is casting liquid passage, and 3 for keeping away slag inner core, and 4 is sprue passage, and arrow is that copper liquid flows to, and granular substance is copper liquid impurity.
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 tool rest blank front view;
Fig. 5 is embodiment 1 tool rest blank lateral plan.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of copper piece manufacture method, comprises the following steps (joining isolation tool rest for ZW32 vacuum circuit breaker):
(1) precoated sand preformed
Make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, see Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, comprise some foundry goods die cavities, two casting liquid passages, one keep away slag inner core and a sprue passage, foundry goods blank design margin is 8%; Two casting liquid passages are distributed in the both sides of sprue passage, and three lower end is communicated with by keeping away slag inner core; Described foundry goods die cavity is distributed in again casting liquid channel circumference, and with casting liquid channel connection; Described slag inner core position of keeping away is lower than described casting liquid passage; Described sprue passage upper end position is higher than described foundry goods die cavity;
Then pour into a mould, the cast temperature of fine copper is 1180 DEG C, and the cast temperature of copper alloy is 1000 DEG C, should follow first slow rear fast traffic control rule during casting;
(2) intermediate treatment
After solidification cooling, remove casting nozzle, and blasting treatment is carried out to spray surface, obtain tool rest blank as shown in Figure 4,5;
(3) cold extrusion shaped
Tool rest blank through surface sand-blasting process is first put into the hard metal inside of diameter 18mm, then the tool rest stock containing inner core is put into extrusion die (spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by described extrusion die joint portion is 0.05 ~ 0.08 times of the clout groove of conventional extrusion mould), the strength of forcing press about 400T extrudes, after forcing press pressurize 2 second, top die is opened automatically, under forcing press, cylinder ejects shaping workpiece, finally hard alloy inner core is extruded and can complete extruding work.After tool rest casting embryo is extruded, we have made the edger matched in tool rest external form profile according to the appearance structure of this workpiece, as long as extruded tool rest is put into edger, then utilize punch press or forcing press that clout is cut away and just complete processing work.
Extrusion principle: be first described with the change in size of the rear workpiece of extruding before extruding, as shown in Figure 4,5: before extruding tool rest blank A B C tri-place size be greater than the size at finished parts three place, this kind of design is for allowing tool rest stock produce horizontal deflection in extrusion die cavity, thus makes the full smooth surface of tool rest external form profile.D the overall dimensions at G two place be less than again the size of finished parts, tool rest stock easily can be put into extrusion die cavity so first, be exactly possess the object increasing deflection equally.The obvious embodiment of the hole that in figure, the circular hole of F place diameter 19mm is greater than this place's diameter 18 of finished parts advantage of the present invention especially, tool rest casting blastopore easily can be put into hard metal core rod greatly, can reach the size of normal diameter 18mm after extruding.In addition, the design size of the clout groove of extrusion die is less than common extrusion die, the space of clout groove is 1/15th of the clout slot space of common extrusion die, because the tool rest extrded material in this example is cast in advance, reserved clout is minimum, it is discontented that space as clout groove then directly causes too greatly workpiece profile to be pressed, and the little reaction force can saved when material also can increase extruding of clout slot space, make that tool rest overall structure profile is full, surface roughness is low, material hardness is strong, thus reach the technical requirement of the electric power accessory of low-cost and high-quality.
embodiment 2
A kind of copper piece manufacture method, except following, substantially the same manner as Example 1:
Make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, comprise some foundry goods die cavities, casting liquid passage, one keep away slag inner core and a sprue passage; Casting liquid passage and sprue passage are vertically arranged, and the two lower end is communicated with by keeping away slag inner core; Described foundry goods die cavity is distributed in again casting liquid channel circumference, and with casting liquid channel connection; Described slag inner core position of keeping away is lower than described casting liquid passage; Described sprue passage upper end position is higher than described foundry goods die cavity.
Claims (7)
1. a copper piece manufacture method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-type casting moulding: with the corresponding foundry goods blank of sandmold casting copper piece, and make foundry goods blank design margin be 5 ~ 10%;
(2) intermediate treatment: after solidification cooling, remove casting nozzle, and blasting treatment is carried out to foundry goods blank surface;
(3) cold extrusion shaped: the foundry goods blank through surface sand-blasting process is put into the extrusion die matched, pressing formation, and trimming deburring, to obtain final product.
2. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), as described in foundry goods blank with through hole or cavity, then after first putting into the hard metal core rod matched, then put into extrusion die pressing formation.
3. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the spatial volume of the corresponding clout groove set by described extrusion die joint portion is 0.05 ~ 0.08 times of the clout groove of conventional extrusion mould.
4. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), first make overlay film sand mo(u)ld, then pour into a mould, the cast temperature of fine copper controls at 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, the cast temperature of copper alloy controls at 950 ~ 1050 DEG C, follows first slow rear fast flow-control principle during casting.
5. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described flow-control principle is: when just starting to cast, the flow-control upper limit of copper liquid the impurity in copper liquid can be floated and do not swept along by copper liquid and bring casting liquid passage into and be as the criterion; When in sprue passage, copper liquid level is raised to 5 ~ 7 centimetres, copper liquid pouring flow rate increases, and flow control is as the criterion not produce cold shut in foundry goods die cavity or to misrun.
6. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described overlay film sand mo(u)ld comprise some foundry goods die cavity, casting liquid passage, keep away slag inner core and sprue passage, described foundry goods die cavity is distributed in casting liquid channel circumference, and with casting liquid channel connection, the described bottom kept away slag inner core and be communicated with described casting liquid passage and sprue passage respectively, and its position is lower than described casting liquid passage.
7. copper piece manufacture method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described sprue passage upper end position is higher than described foundry goods die cavity; Described slag inner core of keeping away is hollow type cushion chamber, and its top is provided with opening, can make to be communicated with between casting liquid passage and sprue passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511014436.7A CN105499494B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Copper piece manufacture method |
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| CN201511014436.7A CN105499494B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Copper piece manufacture method |
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| CN105499494A true CN105499494A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105499494B CN105499494B (en) | 2018-02-09 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0071195A2 (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-02-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing hot extruded alloy products |
| JPS60149718A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1985-08-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of hot extruded material using cast billet as blank |
| CN1600469A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-03-30 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Technical method for manufacturing copper radiator |
| CN1603057A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-04-06 | 薛安志 | Precision casting and extrusion processing technique of high-carbon chromium bearing steel cycloid wheel |
| CN1897186A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-01-17 | 杭州之江开关股份有限公司 | Dynamic-contact braided-line cold press of circuit breaker |
| CN101707151A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 李建民 | Cold extrusion process of breaker contact pigtail lines |
| CN102078922A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-06-01 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Casting gating system |
| CN201979040U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-09-21 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Cast pouring system |
| CN103480678A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽新驰机械有限公司 | Cold extruding manufacturing technique of axial parts |
-
2015
- 2015-12-31 CN CN201511014436.7A patent/CN105499494B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0071195A2 (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-02-09 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing hot extruded alloy products |
| JPS60149718A (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1985-08-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of hot extruded material using cast billet as blank |
| CN1603057A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-04-06 | 薛安志 | Precision casting and extrusion processing technique of high-carbon chromium bearing steel cycloid wheel |
| CN1600469A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2005-03-30 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Technical method for manufacturing copper radiator |
| CN1897186A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-01-17 | 杭州之江开关股份有限公司 | Dynamic-contact braided-line cold press of circuit breaker |
| CN101707151A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 李建民 | Cold extrusion process of breaker contact pigtail lines |
| CN102078922A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-06-01 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Casting gating system |
| CN201979040U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-09-21 | 武安市文祥合金制造有限公司 | Cast pouring system |
| CN103480678A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽新驰机械有限公司 | Cold extruding manufacturing technique of axial parts |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 王书田: "《热处理设备》", 31 March 2011 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20200922 Address after: No.2 workshop, Weidu high tech Industrial Park, Xuchang City, Henan Province Patentee after: Xukai Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 2 groups of Minghuan Zhao village in Xuchang City, Henan province 461500 Changge Dazhou town Patentee before: Zhao Jingtao |
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Effective date of registration: 20230703 Address after: 461500 Group 2, Zhaominghuan Village, Dazhou Town, Changge City, Xuchang, Henan Province Patentee after: Changge Zhonghe Electric Co.,Ltd. Address before: 461000 workshop 2, Weidu high tech Industrial Park, Xuchang, Henan Province Patentee before: Xukai Group Co.,Ltd. |