CN105483458A - High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105483458A CN105483458A CN201610058209.2A CN201610058209A CN105483458A CN 105483458 A CN105483458 A CN 105483458A CN 201610058209 A CN201610058209 A CN 201610058209A CN 105483458 A CN105483458 A CN 105483458A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength heat-resistant aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. The aluminum alloy is prepared from, by weight, 0.006-0.010% of copper, 0.10-0.24% of chromium, 0.25-0.45% of zirconium, 1.2-1.6% of titanium, 0.01-0.014% of niobium, 0.01-0.014% of molybdenum, 0.20-0.45% of silicon, 0.002-0.01% of carbon, 0.04-0.07% of boron, 0.85-1.00% of rare earth metal and the balance aluminum. The preparation method includes the steps that a pure ingot material and intermediate alloys are proportionally prepared; the temperature of a gas-shielded resistance furnace is increased to 725-780 DEG C, the pure aluminum ingot is added, the temperature is increased to 760-850 DEG C after the pure aluminum ingot is completely melted, then all the intermediate alloys are added, slagging-off is carried out after the intermediate alloys are completely melted, casting is carrier out, and a crude aluminum alloy is obtained; the strength, heat resistance, toughness and creep resistance of the aluminum alloy obtained after solution treatment are all substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy material, specifically a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is lighter structural metallic materials, its specific tenacity, specific modulus are high, machining property is excellent, there is good corrosion resisting property, excellent damping property and machinability, and certain impact shock load can be born, adopt aluminium alloy can reduce the deadweight of product, reduce machining energy, reduce energy consumption, thus aluminium alloy is widely used in the industries such as aircraft, automobile, motorcycle.
At present, along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand of people is more and more higher, although the aluminum alloy materials on market is a lot, its intensity is difficult to the demand meeting people, the existing aluminium alloy process for processing cycle is longer simultaneously, thermotolerance is not high, and hot cracking tendency is large, and unit elongation is low, processing charges is relatively high, and these all constrain development and the application of aluminium alloy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide high strength heat resistant alloy that a kind of process-cycle is short, expense is low and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.006 ~ 0.010%, chromium 0.10 ~ 0.24%, zirconium 0.25 ~ 0.45%, titanium 1.2 ~ 1.6%, niobium 0.01 ~ 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01 ~ 0.014%, silicon 0.20 ~ 0.45%, carbon 0.002 ~ 0.01%, boron 0.04 ~ 0.07%, rare earth metal 0.85 ~ 1.00% and surplus.
As the further scheme of the present invention: by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.007 ~ 0.0078%, chromium 0.18 ~ 0.20%, zirconium 0.35 ~ 0.40%, titanium 1.2 ~ 1.4%, niobium 0.012 ~ 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01 ~ 0.012%, silicon 0.28 ~ 0.35%, carbon 0.003 ~ 0.007%, boron 0.04 ~ 0.06%, rare earth metal 0.88 ~ 0.95% and surplus.
As the further scheme of the present invention: by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.0074%, chromium 0.19%, zirconium 0.38%, titanium 1.3%, niobium 0.013%, molybdenum 0.011%, silicon 0.32%, carbon 0.005%, boron 0.5%, rare earth metal 0.92% and surplus.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described rare earth metal is one or more the mixture in praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, lutetium.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 725 ~ 780 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, be warming up to 760 ~ 850 DEG C again, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 500 ~ 510 DEG C, insulation 3 ~ 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 330 ~ 340 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 545 ~ 555 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 9h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 310 ~ 320 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 480 ~ 500 DEG C, insulation 3 ~ 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 280 ~ 300 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
As the further scheme of the present invention: described step (3) is: the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 508 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 335 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 550 DEG C, insulation 7h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 315 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 490 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 290 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is coordinated by thermal treatment process and concrete alloying constituent and content, makes the distribution of each phase in microtexture and grain-size obtain reasonable disposition, thus has increased substantially the intensity of alloy, thermotolerance, toughness and creep-resistant property.The compression yield strength of the high strength heat resistant alloy that the present invention obtains is 179 ~ 205MPa, compression plastic strain is 6.1 ~ 8.5%, compressed rupture strength is 380 ~ 398MPa, room temperature tensile intensity is 278 ~ 292MPa, 150 DEG C, the creep compliance I of 100 hours is 0.03 ~ 0.035% under 50MPa condition, 200 DEG C, the creep compliance II of 100 hours is 0.18 ~ 0.22% under 50MPa condition.
The inventive method is with short production cycle, and processing charges is lower, and obtained aluminium alloy both directly can pour into a mould part by the casting technique of low cost, also can use as the body material of matrix material, greatly widen the range of application of aluminium alloy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.006%, chromium 0.24%, zirconium 0.25%, titanium 1.6%, niobium 0.01%, molybdenum 0.014%, silicon 0.20%, carbon 0.01%, boron 0.04%, praseodymium 1.00% and surplus.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 725 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, then be warming up to 760 DEG C, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 500 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 330 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 545 DEG C, insulation 9h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 310 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 480 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 280 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
Embodiment 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.010%, chromium 0.10%, zirconium 0.45%, titanium 1.2%, niobium 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01%, silicon 0.45%, carbon 0.002%, boron 0.07%, neodymium 0.85% and surplus.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 725 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, then be warming up to 760 DEG C, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 500 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 330 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 545 DEG C, insulation 9h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 310 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 480 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 280 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.007%, chromium 0.20%, zirconium 0.35%, titanium 1.4%, niobium 0.012%, molybdenum 0.012%, silicon 0.28%, carbon 0.007%, boron 0.04%, terbium 0.95% and surplus.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 780 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, then be warming up to 850 DEG C, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 510 DEG C, insulation 3h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 340 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 555 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 320 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 500 DEG C, insulation 3h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 300 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
Embodiment 4
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.0078%, chromium 0.18%, zirconium 0.40%, titanium 1.2%, niobium 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01%, silicon 0.35%, carbon 0.003%, boron 0.06%, lutetium 0.88% and surplus.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 780 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, then be warming up to 850 DEG C, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 510 DEG C, insulation 3h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 340 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 555 DEG C, insulation 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 320 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 500 DEG C, insulation 3h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 300 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
Embodiment 5
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of high strength heat resistant alloy, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.0074%, chromium 0.19%, zirconium 0.38%, titanium 1.3%, niobium 0.013%, molybdenum 0.011%, silicon 0.32%, carbon 0.005%, boron 0.5%, neodymium 0.45%, terbium 0.47% and surplus.
The preparation method of described high strength heat resistant alloy, comprises following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 760 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, then be warming up to 820 DEG C, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 508 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 335 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 550 DEG C, insulation 7h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 315 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 490 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 290 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
The performance comparison of the aluminium alloy that each embodiment of table 1 obtains
Tested by the performance of the high strength heat resistant alloy obtained the various embodiments described above, test result is as shown in table 1: the compression yield strength of the high strength heat resistant alloy that the present invention obtains is 179 ~ 205MPa, compression plastic strain is 6.1 ~ 8.5%, compressed rupture strength is 380 ~ 398MPa, room temperature tensile intensity is 278 ~ 292MPa, 150 DEG C, the creep compliance I of 100 hours is 0.03 ~ 0.035% under 50MPa condition, 200 DEG C, the creep compliance II of 100 hours is 0.18 ~ 0.22% under 50MPa condition.
The inventive method is with short production cycle, and processing charges is lower, and obtained aluminium alloy both directly can pour into a mould part by the casting technique of low cost, also can use as the body material of matrix material, greatly widen the range of application of aluminium alloy.
To those skilled in the art, obviously the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and when not deviating from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from which point, all should embodiment be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, scope of the present invention is limited by claims instead of above-mentioned explanation, and all changes be therefore intended in the implication of the equivalency by dropping on claim and scope are included in the present invention.
In addition, be to be understood that, although this specification sheets is described according to embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification sheets is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification sheets integrally, and the technical scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
Claims (6)
1. a high strength heat resistant alloy, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.006 ~ 0.010%, chromium 0.10 ~ 0.24%, zirconium 0.25 ~ 0.45%, titanium 1.2 ~ 1.6%, niobium 0.01 ~ 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01 ~ 0.014%, silicon 0.20 ~ 0.45%, carbon 0.002 ~ 0.01%, boron 0.04 ~ 0.07%, rare earth metal 0.85 ~ 1.00% and surplus.
2. high strength heat resistant alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.007 ~ 0.0078%, chromium 0.18 ~ 0.20%, zirconium 0.35 ~ 0.40%, titanium 1.2 ~ 1.4%, niobium 0.012 ~ 0.014%, molybdenum 0.01 ~ 0.012%, silicon 0.28 ~ 0.35%, carbon 0.003 ~ 0.007%, boron 0.04 ~ 0.06%, rare earth metal 0.88 ~ 0.95% and surplus.
3. high strength heat resistant alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, be made up of following component: the aluminium of copper 0.0074%, chromium 0.19%, zirconium 0.38%, titanium 1.3%, niobium 0.013%, molybdenum 0.011%, silicon 0.32%, carbon 0.005%, boron 0.5%, rare earth metal 0.92% and surplus.
4. high strength heat resistant alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rare earth metal is one or more the mixture in praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, lutetium.
5. a preparation method for the high strength heat resistant alloy as described in as arbitrary in Claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
(1) according to above-mentioned weight percent, get out raw material, each raw material is respectively pure ingot material or master alloy;
(2) gas shield resistance furnace is warming up to 725 ~ 780 DEG C, adds fine aluminium ingot, after fine aluminium ingot melts completely, be warming up to 760 ~ 850 DEG C again, then add each master alloy, skim after alloy melts completely, casting, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy crude product;
(3) the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 500 ~ 510 DEG C, insulation 3 ~ 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 330 ~ 340 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 545 ~ 555 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 9h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 310 ~ 320 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 480 ~ 500 DEG C, insulation 3 ~ 5h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 280 ~ 300 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
6. the preparation method of high strength heat resistant alloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described step (3) is: the aluminium alloy crude product that step (2) obtains is carried out the first step solution treatment in chamber type electric resistance furnace: be warming up to 508 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 335 DEG C; Then carry out second step solution treatment: be warmed up to 550 DEG C, insulation 7h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 315 DEG C; Then carry out the 3rd step solution treatment: be warmed up to 490 DEG C, insulation 4h, stove comes out of the stove shrend to room temperature after being as cold as 290 DEG C, obtains high strength heat resistant alloy.
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