CN105483365A - Laterite and chromium concentrate mixed sintered ore and production method for smelting nickel-chromium-iron alloy thereof - Google Patents
Laterite and chromium concentrate mixed sintered ore and production method for smelting nickel-chromium-iron alloy thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105483365A CN105483365A CN201610077821.4A CN201610077821A CN105483365A CN 105483365 A CN105483365 A CN 105483365A CN 201610077821 A CN201610077821 A CN 201610077821A CN 105483365 A CN105483365 A CN 105483365A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/023—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of ferro-nickel or ferro-cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron alloy production, and particularly relates to laterite and chromium concentrate mixed sintered ore and a production method for smelting nickel-chromium-iron alloy thereof. The technical problems that generally, auxiliary materials need to be added in an existing chromium concentrate fine ore sintering technology and smelting of common high carbon iron-chrome, and accordingly auxiliary material cost and power consumption cost are increased are solved. According to the scheme for solving the technical problems, a production method for sintering laterite and chromium concentrate in a mixed mode is provided to obtain the laterite and chromium concentrate mixed sintered ore. The invention further provides the production method for smelting the nickel-chromium-iron alloy byintering laterite and chromium concentrate in the mixed mode. According to the provided method, in the sintering or smelting process, no auxiliary material needs to be added to serve as a bonding agent or slagging former, energy consumption is reduced, consumption of auxiliary materials is reduced, and cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of iron alloy production, be specifically related to the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit and smelting nichrome thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, stainless demand and turnout increase substantially, 2014 according to statistics, whole world stainless steel turnout 4,100 ten thousand tons, China's stainless steel turnout reaches 2,169 ten thousand tons, wherein, and nickel chromium triangle system (300 are) stainless steel 1,086 ten thousand tons, account for more than 50%, the expansion of stainless steel production capacity increases chromium metal element, nickel element demand.And now, the production about nickel, chromium metal is limited to independent ferrochrome, electrolytic nickel or Rhometal (nickel-contained pig iron) more, the iron alloy of rare production simultaneously containing nickel, chromium two kinds of metallic elements.
The production of common high carbon ferro-chrome, domestic majority produces in mineral hot furnace with import chrome ore, and wherein the fine ore ratio of chromium ore resource reaches about 80%.Directly enter stove with fine ore to smelt, due to poor air permeability, make easily to form quick-fried spray in stove, smelting index is poor, and potential safety hazard is large, and for the large-scale mineral hot furnace of use, particularly closed furnace is very limited.Therefore, in recent years, carrying out agglomeration processing to chromium powder ore, replace primary lump ore to use with it, is the problem that domestic and international Ge Xi J. sigillate enterprise and research unit attach great importance to.But the physical property of chromium powder ore is unfavorable for sintering: its smooth surface, and wettability is poor, is difficult to granulation balling-up; Its fusing point is high, is difficult to sinter block into by ordinary method.Independent sintering fine chrome mine, mainly contains following technological difficulties: 1. fine chrome mine self fusing point is high; Because chrome ore self fusing point is high, a lot of sintering technology personnel were once thinking that employing Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine cannot sinter fine chrome mine, reach liquid phase sintering and can reach sintering temperature by improving mixed carbon comtent, but certainly will increase sintering cost; 2. fine chrome mine granulation difficulty is large; Because fine chrome mine granularity is little, forming core particle is few, and wet capacitive is poor, and particularly South Africa concentrate smooth surface, causes being difficult to mixing granulation; Poor air permeability when granulating efficiency missionary society directly causes sintering, thus affect sintering kinetics condition, reduce yield rate.So, must select to adopt suitable supplementary material proportioning and suitable water distribution quantity, to solve granulation problem.
Patent No. ZL201310649070.5, although achieve the sintering process of fine chrome mine, but its energy consumption is still higher, and, a certain proportion of wilkinite and other auxiliary materials need be added, increase cost, reduce the chromium metal content of agglomerate, meanwhile, for subsequent smelting link, increase and smelt the quantity of slag, increase melting electric consumption cost.
Common high-carbon chrome iron for smelting is produced, chrome ore collocation is only relied on to be difficult to the needs meeting smelted furnace cinder slag type, generally need to add slag former in addition, such as, silica, magnesia, rhombspar etc., consume higher cost of supplementary product, and, after adding auxiliary material, smelt in producing and will increase slag amount, increase power consumption, increase cost.
Application number be 201310043112.0 Chinese patent disclose a kind of for stainless steel produce chromite fine ore sintering processing method, it adopts laterite and chromite fine ore to sinter, finally play and reduce mixed carbon comtent, reduce energy consumption and improve the problem of sintering strength, but it is also in the experimental study stage, not yet illustrate and can realize this sintering method in actual production, to be also undeclaredly proven in actual production.And, still add auxiliary material (chlorite, wilkinite etc.) in the method, meanwhile, also and the process program of undeclared smelting nichrome.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that existing chromogen powder mine sintering technology and the common high carbon ferro-chrome of smelting generally need to add the problem that auxiliary material (flux/slag former) increases power consumption cost.
The scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is to provide a kind of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, not with addition of caking agent in actual sintered is produced, also not with addition of other simatic granule materials, reduce cost of supplementary product, meanwhile, reduce mixed carbon comtent, reduce power current energy consumption.
The preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is:
A, the laterite of 15 ~ 85 weight part granularity≤8mm, the chromogen fine ore of 15 ~ 85 weight parts, the coke powder of 3 ~ 8 weight parts and 6 ~ 8 weight parts being returned mine is mixed into mixture; Describedly return mine that to be the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out be≤agglomerate of 6mm;
B, in mixture, add water, make the quality of water in mixture be 12 ~ 20% of total mass, after being mixed evenly, granulate and obtain mixing pellet;
C, be the grate-layer material of 15 ~ 40mm at sintering pallet upper berth thickness, then be layered in grate-layer material by mixing pellet, igniting, sinters 18 ~ 25 minutes, obtains agglomerate; The laying depth of described mixing pellet is 400 ~ 600mm; Described grate-layer material is the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out is the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm; Described ignition temperature is 1050 ± 50, and DEG C ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, bellows negative pressure-6 ~-10Kpa; The temperature of described sintering is 1300 ± 50; DEG C
D, above-mentioned agglomerate is crushed to particle diameter is less than 150mm, then sieve out by Thermal griddle the agglomerate that particle diameter is≤6mm, 6 ~ 20mm and 20 ~ 150mm respectively; Wherein, particle diameter is≤agglomerate of 6mm all returns returning mine as next batch production stage b, particle diameter is that the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm measures the grate-layer material returned as next batch production stage c according to demand, and particle diameter is the agglomerate of 20 ~ 150mm is laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the laterite of the granularity≤8mm described in step a is 45 weight parts, and described chromogen fine ore is 50 weight parts, and described coke powder is 5 weight parts.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, in mixture described in step b, the quality of water is 16 ~ 18% of total mass.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the thickness of grate-layer material described in step c is 25mm.As preferred embodiments of the present invention, the laying depth of described mixing pellet is 500 ~ 550mm.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the ignition temperature described in step c is 1050 ± 20 DEG C, and ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, and bellows negative pressure is-7 ~-9Kpa.As preferred embodiments of the present invention, described sintering temperature is 1300 ± 30 DEG C, and sintering time is 18 ~ 25 minutes.
Present invention also offers the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome.The method does not need to make slag former with addition of any auxiliary material (flux).
The production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, comprise the following steps: laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit 30 ~ 80 weight part, chromium lump ore 10 ~ 70 weight part and coke 15 ~ 20 weight part are joined in mineral hot furnace, smelt, obtain nichrome.
In the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, in described smelting process, the operation resistance of mineral hot furnace is 1.5 ~ 1.8m Ω.
In the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 26 ~ 36%, the SiO of 33 ~ 40%
2, the Al of 14 ~ 25%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1560 ~ 1720.℃
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, described laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is 70 weight parts, chromium lump ore is 30 weight parts, coke is 16 weight parts.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 30 ~ 32%, the SiO of 34 ~ 36%
2, the Al of 16 ~ 20%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1580 ~ 1680 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the mixed sintering of laterite and chromogen fine ore, take full advantage of the viscosity of laterite self, instead of completely in original sintering process with addition of the caking agent such as wilkinite, do not need extra with addition of lime and other simatic granulate excipients yet, reduce cost.The wettability of laterite and water is good, wherein, the laterite of powdery has good cementability, granular laterite is the effect of tangible shaping nuclear particle in pelletization, within the scope of the weight proportion that the present invention provides, the granulating efficiency of mixing pellet is good, caking agent can be replaced completely, do not need extra with addition of other granulate excipients yet, thus reduce sintering cost, without additional auxiliary material in sintering, the grade in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit the highest (chromium Pin Wei ﹑ nickel grade) can be ensured to greatest extent, simultaneously, laterite self fusing point is low, sintering temperature can be reduced, reduce sintering time, thus reduction sintering energy consumption.In the process of smelting nichrome, take full advantage of SiO in laterite
2, advantage that content of MgO is higher, favourable to smelting slag making, in the raw material weight ratio range that the present invention provides, and within the scope of the slag composition scope provided and operation resistance, fully phased out the common high carbon ferro-chrome of traditional smelting need in addition with addition of flux, reduce cost of supplementary product, and can slag amount be reduced, further reduction melting electric consumption, finally reduces costs, and obtains better economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic process flow diagram of Fig. 1 the present invention wherein a kind of embodiment.
Embodiment
The preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is:
A, the laterite of 15 ~ 85 weight part granularity≤8mm, the chromogen fine ore of 15 ~ 85 weight parts, the coke powder of 3 ~ 8 weight parts and 6 ~ 8 weight parts being returned mine is mixed into mixture; Describedly return mine that to be the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out be≤agglomerate of 6mm;
B, in mixture, add water, make the quality of water in mixture be 12 ~ 20% of total mass, after being mixed evenly, granulate and obtain mixing pellet;
C, be the grate-layer material of 15 ~ 40mm at sintering pallet upper berth thickness, then be layered in grate-layer material by mixing pellet, igniting, sinters 18 ~ 25 minutes, obtains agglomerate; The laying depth of described mixing pellet is 400 ~ 600mm; Described grate-layer material is the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out is the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm; Described ignition temperature is 1050 ± 50, and DEG C ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, bellows negative pressure-6 ~-10Kpa; The temperature of described sintering is 1300 ± 50; DEG C
D, above-mentioned agglomerate is crushed to particle diameter≤150mm, then sieves out by Thermal griddle the agglomerate that particle diameter is≤6mm, 6 ~ 20mm and 20 ~ 150mm respectively; Wherein, particle diameter is≤agglomerate of 6mm all returns returning mine as next batch production stage b, particle diameter is that the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm measures the grate-layer material returned as next batch production stage c according to demand, and particle diameter is the agglomerate of 20 ~ 150mm is laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit.
Wherein, in the step a of aforesaid method, during the granularity≤8mm of laterite, comprise the laterite powder with better viscosity and the granule materials having certain particle diameter.If the particle diameter of granule materials is greater than the ratio of 10mm more than 10%, the quality of sintering can be affected.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the laterite of the granularity≤8mm described in step a is 45 weight parts, and described chromogen fine ore is 50 weight parts, and described coke powder is 5 weight parts.Described mixture is by weight containing Cr
2o
38 ~ 39%, containing Ni0.5 ~ 1.8%, containing TFe (full iron) 12 ~ 28%.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, in mixture described in step b, the quality of water is 16 ~ 18% of total mass.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the thickness of grate-layer material described in step c is 25mm.As preferred embodiments of the present invention, the laying depth of described mixing pellet is 500 ~ 550mm.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method in above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, the ignition temperature described in step c is 1050 ± 20 DEG C, and ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, and bellows negative pressure is-7 ~-9Kpa.As preferred embodiments of the present invention, described sintering temperature is 1300 ± 30 DEG C, and sintering time is 18 ~ 25 minutes.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, the inventive method is in mixed sintering link, and the production of each batch all will be used last batch and be produced the material obtained, and is the process of a circulation, when first time produces, can return mine or use the similar material of composition to replace.For grate-layer material, can replace with the material of similar composition and granularity.Agglomerate be crushed to granularity be less than 150mm described in steps d of the present invention, when concrete production operation, only need to be crushed to meet granularity all≤150mm, without the need to carrying out further fragmentation, otherwise final granularity is meticulous, and finished product is very few, return mine more, be unfavorable for that mine heat furnace smelting is produced; Under normal circumstances, the agglomerate (namely next batch uses the amount of returning mine) of particle diameter≤6mm that obtains of the present invention is all at 6 ~ 8 weight parts.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, as long as the agglomerate of the particle diameter≤6mm obtained on same production line, the present invention's returning mine all for next batch, if for the different production lines of different throughput, carry out proportioning by 6 ~ 8 weight parts and return mine.
The production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, comprise the following steps: laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit 30 ~ 80 weight part, chromium lump ore 10 ~ 70 weight part and coke 15 ~ 20 weight part are joined in mineral hot furnace, smelt, obtain nichrome.
In the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, in described smelting process, the operation resistance of mineral hot furnace is 1.5 ~ 1.8m Ω.The transformer capacity of described mineral hot furnace is 12.5 ~ 7.2MVA.
The production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome provided by the invention, the electric parameter of mineral hot furnace, is different from common high-carbon chrome iron for smelting, is also different from nickel-iron smelting.Compared with mine heat furnace smelting high carbon ferro-chrome, smelting process of the present invention improves secondary voltage, improves secondary current value (or electrode current), reduces operation resistance R
behaviour(operation resistance is defined as: the resistance between electrode and furnace bottom, and electric furnace resistance deducts device on resistance, expression formula: the ratio of phase voltage V and electrode current I, that is, R
behaviour=V/I), furnace transformer containment is the mineral hot furnace of 12.5 ~ 75MVA, and its operation resistance is 1.5 ~ 1.8m Ω.Compared with mine heat furnace smelting high carbon ferro-chrome, operation resistance reduces 0.15 ~ 0.2m Ω.Compared with the mine heat furnace smelting nickel-iron of same capacity, its operation resistance is lower, is only 1/10 ~ 1/2 of the hot furnace operating resistance of josephinite.
In the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 26 ~ 36%, the SiO of 33 ~ 40%
2, the Al of 14 ~ 25%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1560 ~ 1720.℃
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, described laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is 70 weight parts, chromium lump ore is 30 weight parts, coke is 16 weight parts.
As preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the production method of above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome, after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 30 ~ 32%, the SiO of 34 ~ 36%
2, the Al of 16 ~ 20%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1580 ~ 1680 DEG C.
When in slag during MgO<28%, the Cr run in slag
2o
3rise, the rate of recovery of chromium element reduces; As MgO>36%, slag electroconductibility is strong, affects the lower of electrodes in mine hot stove and inserts, affect the working of a furnace.As SiO in slag
2during <32%, slag thickness, deslagging is bad, affects the working of a furnace.Work as SiO
2during >40%, slag is too rare, to the Chong Shua ﹑ etch of tap a blast furnace slag-tap boiler eye and furnace lining, affects the life-span of tap a blast furnace slag-tap boiler eye and furnace lining.
Slag type is selected, according to MgO-SiO
2-Al
2o
3three component system is theoretical, has zone of reasonableness, meets the thermodynamics and kinetics condition that nichrome is smelted.Table 1 is for smelting the slag type table of different iron alloy.
The slag type table of different-alloy smelted by table 1
When independent smelting high carbon ferrochrome, magnesia, siliceous flux must be added.And the laterite that the present invention uses, itself magnesium oxide (MgO), silicon-dioxide (SiO
2) content is higher, composite ore enters after stove smelts, and can reduce flux dosage (or, not need with addition of), can reduce slag amount, reduce melting electric consumption.
Embodiment 1
The feedstock specifications that the present embodiment adopts is in table 2 and table 3:
The chemical composition (% by weight) of table 2 ore
| Material name | Ni | Cr 2O 3 | SiO 2 | TFe | Al 2O 3 | MgO | CaO | S | P |
| South Africa powder chrome ore | - | 40.52 | 4.13 | 19.15 | 14.38 | 9.51 | 0.70 | 0.01 | 0.004 |
| Philippines's laterite | 1.72 | 1.8 | 31.5 | 22.01 | 2.50 | 21.05 | 0.82 | 0.012 | 0.006 |
| Indonesia's laterite | 1.85 | 1.2 | 40.55 | 16.58 | 3.11 | 17.85 | 0.75 | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Qinghai laterite A | 0.82 | 1.14 | 45.23 | 18.56 | 2.14 | 24.18 | 1.12 | 0.02 | 0.005 |
| South Africa block chrome ore | - | 0.95 | 7.85 | 18.58 | 14.57 | 10.25 | 0.91 | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Turkey's block chrome ore | - | 41.10 | 3.25 | 20.17 | 15.26 | 9.85 | 0.93 | 0.012 | 0.003 |
| Tibet chrome ore | - | 45.23 | 8.51 | 8.59 | 7.41 | 19.52 | 0.81 | 0.01 | 0.004 |
The chemical composition (% by weight) of table 3 coke, coke powder
| Raw material | Fixed carbon | Fugitive constituent | Ash content | S | Moisture content | Granularity is in the ratio of 0.05 ~ 3 ㎜ |
| Coke | 83.1 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 0.8 | 8％ | -- |
| Coke powder | 71.24 | 9.56 | 9.81 | 0.8 | 9.0 | ≥80％ |
That adopt in the present embodiment is 45m
2dwight-Lloyd sintering machine, its partial parameters is in table 4.The parameter of the present embodiment mineral hot furnace used is in table 5.
Table 445m
2dwight-Lloyd sintering machine partial parameters
Table 5 mineral hot furnace parameter
| Capacity | 12.5MVA | 25MVA | 30MVA |
| Furnace shell diameter, mm | 8000 | 10500 | 11500 |
| Furnace shell height, mm | 4500 | 5500 | 5500 |
| Electrode circle diameter, mm | 2650 | 3300 | 3350 |
| Electrode diameter, mm | 1000 | 1300 | 1350 |
| Furnace diameter, mm | 6200 | 7800 | 8600 |
| Furnace depth, mm | 2400 | 2900 | 3150 |
| Conventional secondary voltage V | 160 | 215 | 230 |
| Conventional secondary current A | 51000 | 70000 | 80000 |
| Operation resistance, m Ω | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
Operation steps:
The chromogen fine ore of 50 composition by weight, the laterite of 45 composition by weight granularity≤8mm and the coke powder of 5 composition by weight are prepared burden by the feed proportioning system of sinter machine; mixture adds outer water distribution 1 ~ 3% again according to gross weight; total water is made to be 16 ~ 18%; after cylindrical mixer and drum pelletizer; make the mixing ball material of particle, enter Strand Sintering Machine Pallet.On at the bottom of Strand Sintering Machine Pallet, first spread granularity 6 ~ 20mm, thickness 25mm grate-layer material.Then mixing ball material is repaved, bed thickness is 500 ~ 550mm, light a fire in bellows negative pressure-7 ~-8Kpa situation of ignition temperature 1030 ~ 1070 DEG C, 2 ~ 2.5 minutes ignition time, vacuum fan, sinter in sintering temperature 1270 ~ 1330 DEG C of conditions, sinter after 20 ~ 25 minutes, obtain laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit.
Co-sintering produces 74200 tons qualified, laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, and the average chromium grade in qualified laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is Cr
2o
330.5%, Ni0.8%.This sintering composition and engineering parameter is the most reasonable, and statistical index data is as table 6:
The physical performance index (one) in table 6 laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit
Note: yield rate refers to that particle diameter is greater than 20 ㎜, is less than the finished product percentage of 150 ㎜.
Above-mentioned laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit produces at 25MVA mine heat furnace smelting, and the mass ratio in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is respectively 70%, chromium lump ore 5 30%, coke is 16%, enters stove and smelts, furnace operation resistance 1.7m Ω, slag components is: MgO30 ~ 32%, SiO
234 ~ 36%, Al
2o
316 ~ 20%.Slag MgO-SiO
2-Al
2o
3the theoretical fusing point of three component system: 1580 ~ 1680 DEG C.Produce nichrome output 45810 tons, leading indicator is as shown in table 7.
Table 7 productive capacity table
Comparative example 1
Laterite in embodiment 1 brought up to 85 weight parts with addition of amount, other parameters and operation steps constant, the statistical index data in the laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit obtained is in table 8.
Table 8 laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit physical performance index (two)
From table 8, yield rate is more or less the same, but the intensity in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit obviously declines, and output reduces, and the chromium grade of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit finished product declines many, and average grade is Cr
2o
320.2%, the content of metallic nickel, chromium reduces.Laterite ratio is more than 80%, and sintering index declines larger.
Comparative example 2
The fine chrome mine of embodiment 1 is increased to 85 weight parts with addition of amount, and the statistical index data in gained laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is in table 9.
Table 9 laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit physical performance index (three)
In table 9, indices all declines to a great extent, and the chromium average grade in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is Cr
2o
339.9%, and the consumption indicators in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit rises, cost increases.Visible, suitable laterite, with addition of amount, can improve the granulation of compound, improves sintering ventilation property, improves output, reduce costs useful.
Comparative example 3
The moisture (total water) of embodiment 1 is turned down to 10.5 weight parts, and the statistical index data in gained laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is in table 10.
Table 10 agglomerate physical performance index (four)
Indices in table 10 all declines to a great extent, and chromium average grade is Cr
2o
337.8%, moisture plays an important role to sintering as can be seen here, and moisture is too low, unfavorable granulation, unfavorable sintering.
Comparative example 4
The present invention also did the test heightened by moisture, but when moisture is greater than 20 weight part, namely time higher than the scope of the invention, the granulating efficiency of mixture increases with amount of water and obviously improves, but, after entering pallet, the excessive moistening layer of the bed of material thickens, affect ventilation property, even if vacuum fan bellows negative pressure is increased to-9 ~-13Kpa by-6 ~-10Kpa situation, even if take to reduce machine speed, reduce the measures such as bed thickness (being reduced to 400 ~ 450mm from 500 ~ 550mm), final sintering effect is also not obvious, and after sintering, indices is lower.
Comparative example 5
By SiO in mine heat furnace smelting nichrome slag in embodiment 1
2content bring up to 42%, although the degree of depth of inserting under electrodes in mine hot stove is improved, fire door temperature declines, slag total amount increases, and the erosion of stove eye is accelerated, and shortens furnace wall work-ing life, easily runs eye, damage equipment, unfavorable safety in production.
If by SiO in slag
2content is reduced to 29%, inserts difficulty under electrode, slag emission difficulty.Visible, slag composition SiO
2content has individual zone of reasonableness.
Comparative example 6
The content of MgO in mine heat furnace smelting nichrome slag in embodiment 1 is brought up to 38%, and slag melting is high, and reduce although run chromium amount in slag, insert depth shallower under electrodes in mine hot stove, fire door temperature raises, and electric unit consumption increases.
When in slag, content of MgO is reduced to 25%, making slag run chromium amount increases, and reduces the rate of recovery of chromium.Visible, slag composition content of MgO also has individual zone of reasonableness.
Comparative example 7
Secondary voltage in embodiment 1 is improved 10 ~ 15V again, although output increased 2 ~ 5%, the rate of recovery of chromium metal, nickel reduces by 0.5 ~ 1.8%, and overall economic benefit reduces.
Secondary current in embodiment 1 is improved 15%, and the degree of depth of inserting under electrodes in mine hot stove is comparatively dark, and fire door temperature declines, but bottom temperature rises more than 100 DEG C, may cause wearing stove, and threaten safe operation, unsuitable long-time running.
In a word, for the mineral hot furnace of differing capacities, power supply parameter has individual zone of reasonableness, finally using operation resistance value as the foundation of optimizing index, need provide 1.5 ~ 1.8m Ω scope in inventive method.Slag type also inventing in the scope provided, just can obtain better index.
Comparative example 8
As ignition temperature controlled about 900 DEG C time, chassis mixture surface point combustion deleterious, even if extending to 3.0 ~ 3.5 minutes ignition time, it is also not obvious for lighting effect improved.Such as ignition temperature controlled about 1150 DEG C time again, 1.5 ~ 2 minutes ignition time, there is superfusion phenomenon in chassis mixture surface, charge level ventilation property is deteriorated, and bellows negative pressure raises, impact sintering.The present invention sinters the concrete span of control of parameters optimization, make raw material of the present invention local soft heat, partial oxide prereduction, in the reductibility furnace gas of bed of material top, ferric oxide is very easily reduced into free iron, and this reduction mode strengthens the self-catalysis of reduction process, improve sintering effect, agglomerate void content is high, and specific surface area is large, makes sinter quality superior performance, intensity is high, epigranular, makes having improved breathability of mineral hot furnace.
The present invention the composition to fine chrome mine and laterite, thing phase, granularity, granulation characteristic, etc. carried out systematic study after, carried out formulation optimization, before and after optimizing, scheme and consumption indicators are respectively in table 11 and table 12.
The preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit, front and back optimized by table 11
Table 12 consumption indicators and indicator of costs contrast
Nickel chromium triangle Chrome metal powder index contrast (25MVA mineral hot furnace) smelted by table 13
From above-mentioned embodiment and comparative example, only have the sintering process parameter after adopting structure adjusting of the present invention and smelting process parameter could realize mixed sintering ore deposit high rate of finished products, high strength, cancel sintering and smelt with addition of auxiliary material, smelting index is normal, realize cost minimum, if one of them parameter or feature have greatly changed all can produce larger impact to final effect.In a word, adopt the technical scheme after comprehensive regulation of the present invention, chromium powder ore resource can be made full use of, in conjunction with the character of laterite, replace sintering adhesive bonding agent, also not with addition of other simatic particulate matter, guarantee that sintering effect is good, energy-saving and cost-reducing, meanwhile, go out the required nichrome in market at mine heat furnace smelting, and smelting slag making material can be cancelled add, reduce melting electric consumption, cost-saving.The mixed sintering ore deposit of laterite+chromogen fine ore, can realize automatization, maximization, totally-enclosed electrosmelting nichrome, reduces discharge, realize coal-gas recovering to utilize, meet the relevant policies of country's " energy-saving and emission-reduction ", " recycling economy ", improve the performance of enterprises, there are wide market outlook.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is:
A, the laterite of 15 ~ 85 weight part granularity≤8mm, the chromogen fine ore of 15 ~ 85 weight parts, the coke powder of 3 ~ 8 weight parts and 6 ~ 8 weight parts being returned mine is mixed into mixture; Describedly return mine that to be the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out be≤agglomerate of 6mm;
B, in mixture, add water, make the quality of water in mixture be 12 ~ 20% of total mass, after being mixed evenly, granulate and obtain mixing pellet;
C, be the grate-layer material of 15 ~ 40mm at sintering pallet upper berth thickness, then be layered in grate-layer material by mixing pellet, igniting, sinters 18 ~ 25 minutes, obtains agglomerate; The laying depth of described mixing pellet is 400 ~ 600mm; Described grate-layer material is the particle diameter that in last batch production process, steps d is sieved out is the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm; Described ignition temperature is
ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, bellows negative pressure-6 ~-10Kpa; The temperature of described sintering is
D, above-mentioned agglomerate is crushed to particle diameter is less than 150mm, then sieve out by Thermal griddle the agglomerate that particle diameter is≤6mm, 6 ~ 20mm and 20 ~ 150mm respectively; Wherein, particle diameter is≤agglomerate of 6mm all returns returning mine as next batch production stage b, particle diameter is that the agglomerate of 6 ~ 20mm measures the grate-layer material returned as next batch production stage c according to demand, and particle diameter is the agglomerate of 20 ~ 150mm is laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit.
2. the preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laterite of the granularity≤8mm described in step a is 45 weight parts, and described chromogen fine ore is 50 weight parts, and described coke powder is 5 weight parts.
3. the preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in mixture described in step b, the quality of water is 16 ~ 18% of total mass.
4. the preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of grate-layer material described in step c is 25mm; The laying depth of described mixing pellet is 500 ~ 550mm.
5. the preparation method in laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ignition temperature described in step c is 1050 ± 20 DEG C, ignition time is 2 ~ 2.5 minutes, and bellows negative pressure is-7 ~-9Kpa; Described sintering temperature is 1300 ± 30 DEG C, and sintering time is 18 ~ 25 minutes.
6. the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, comprise the following steps: laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit 30 ~ 80 weight part, chromium lump ore 10 ~ 70 weight part and coke 15 ~ 20 weight part are joined in mineral hot furnace, smelt, obtain nichrome.
7. the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described smelting process, the operation resistance of mineral hot furnace is 1.5 ~ 1.8m Ω.
8. the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 26 ~ 36%, the SiO of 33 ~ 40%
2, the Al of 14 ~ 25%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1560 ~ 1720 DEG C.
9. the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering ore deposit is 70 weight parts, chromium lump ore is 30 weight parts, coke is 16 weight parts.
10. the production method of laterite fine chrome mine mixed sintering mining and metallurgy nickel metallurgy ferrochrome according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: after described smelting terminates, the slag of gained contains the MgO that mass percent is 30 ~ 32%, the SiO of 34 ~ 36%
2, the Al of 16 ~ 20%
2o
3; The Three Yuan theory fusing point of described slag is 1580 ~ 1680 DEG C.
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| CN106048213A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-10-26 | 青海金广镍铬材料有限公司 | Method for smelting high carbon ferro-chrome containing nickel from chlorite powder sinter |
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