CN105482149B - Whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105482149B CN105482149B CN201510919138.6A CN201510919138A CN105482149B CN 105482149 B CN105482149 B CN 105482149B CN 201510919138 A CN201510919138 A CN 201510919138A CN 105482149 B CN105482149 B CN 105482149B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/33—Agglomerating foam fragments, e.g. waste foam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/20—Recycled plastic
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable and preparation method thereof.The plantation sponge is made by following technique：Take 100 parts of polyurethane-foam particles, 1-100 parts of organic fertilizer are added and 0.01-100 parts of water-absorbing resins are uniformly mixed, 10-100 parts of pre-foamed components are added, 3-100 parts of water, it stirs evenly, it pours into mold, foamable reaction 1-600 minutes at 10-200 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the plantation sponge.Traditional soil peat soil etc. can be substituted using the technical solution as planting matrixs such as plants such as flowers, vegetables, when solving soil, peat soil as planting matrix, easily grow mosquito, the shortcomings that generating flying dust, epidemic disease such as dengue fever etc. has positive effect for caused by alleviating due to mosquito after sizable application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the whole ventilating of non-earth culture field of planting more particularly to a kind of controllable biodegradable plantation sponge and its
Preparation method.
Background technology
Polyurethane material is the high molecular polymer of a kind of function admirable, can be prepared into sponge, elastomer, adhesive,
Coating, paint etc., wherein water imbibition polyurethane sponge can be used as flower arrangement supplies, the special material for fixing and supporting colored material
Material.In addition, water-absorbing sponge can replace soil species to spend, kind flower indoors is facilitated, and avoids growing worm ant, will not fall bits, more
Add environmentally-friendly sanitary.CN202907514U discloses a kind of preparation method of organic water suction plantation sponge, is by organic fertilizer and water
Property the mixing of PU glue, then pour into mold, foamed machine foaming obtains can be as the sponge of planting.
CN103524201A discloses a kind of revegetation composite material, is by polyalcohol, triethanolamine, silicone oil, water, organotin, different
Cyanate is tentatively foamed by evenly mixing, and then addition slow-release fertilizer, water-absorbing resin are uniformly mixed, and are poured into punching block and are added
Heat cure 2h, obtained product are stirred with electric blender to powdered again, obtain finished product.CN1948395A discloses a kind of guarantor
Multifunction polymer composite material of liquid manure and preparation method thereof, the patent are by polymer water-absorbent, high molecular slow-release fertilizer, nothing
Machine phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer etc. and polyalcohol, catalyst, silicone oil, water etc. are uniformly mixed, and pour into foaming in mold, are prepared with water suction, are protected
The polyurethane foam material of water and energy slow release chemical fertilizer.Above-mentioned foaming is all to be prepared using polyether polyol by foaming, degradability
It can be poor.Inventor was once foamed using poly (propylene carbonate) or polyethylene carbonate polyol and isocyanates, and preparation has
The polycarbonate polyurethane foamed plastics of biological degradability, is shown in CN1400229A.
However, using a certain amount of hole-closing structure is all contained in the standby polyurethane foam plastics of above-mentioned patent system, foam is saturating
Gas is poor, and plant root can discharge carbon dioxide in growing process, these carbon dioxide can be absorbed by hole-closing structure, office
Portion's acid value is excessively high, causes plant bad root phenomenon, especially transplants plant, and bad root phenomenon is apparent, and plant survival rate is very low, influences
Practical application of the polyurethane sponge as planting base material.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of whole ventilatings of controllable biodegradable to plant sponge and preparation method thereof, application
The technical solution can substitute traditional soil peat soil etc. as planting matrixs such as plants such as flowers, vegetables, solve soil, mud
When charcoal soil is as planting matrix, the shortcomings that easily growing mosquito, generate flying dust, for alleviating since mosquito is made after sizable application
At epidemic disease such as dengue fever etc. there is positive effect.
In a first aspect, a kind of preparation side of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Method is made according to quality proportioning below according to technique below,
100 parts of polyurethane-foam particles are taken, 1-100 parts of organic fertilizer and 0.01-100 parts of water-absorbing resins are added
It is uniformly mixed, 10-100 parts of pre-foamed components is added, 3-100 parts of water are stirred evenly, poured into mold, foam at 10-200 DEG C
Reaction 1-600 minutes, demoulding can be obtained the plantation sponge；
The pre-foamed components are specifically that the component of following mass fraction is made by following technique：By 100 parts of poly- carbonic acid
Sub- ester polyol is added 0.1-100 parts of diisocyanate at 30-100 DEG C, reacts 0.1-10 hours, be cooled to room temperature, 1- is added
200 parts of solvents obtain.
Optionally, the grain size of the polyurethane-foam particles is：0.1mm-10mm.
Optionally, the grain size of the polyurethane-foam particles is：1mm-5mm.
Optionally, the density of the polyurethane-foam particles is：5kg/m3-100kg/m3。
Optionally, the density of the polyurethane-foam particles is：7kg/m3-50kg/m3。
Optionally, the organic fertilizer selects fermented agricultural wastes, drying, crushes acquisition.
Optionally, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 5-70 parts.
Optionally, the water-absorbing resin is：Starch grafted acrylate class, graft acrylamide, cross-linked carboxymethyl fiber
One in element, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, cross-linking type hydroxyethyl cellulose graft acrylamide polymer etc.
Kind or at least two mixture.
Optionally, the dosage of the water-absorbing resin is：0.1-10 parts.
Optionally, the dosage of the water is：5-50 parts.
Optionally, the temperature of the foamable reaction is：10-200℃.
Optionally, the temperature of the foamable reaction is：50-18℃.
Optionally, the foamable reaction time is 1-300 minutes.
Optionally, the foamable reaction time is 2-60 minutes.
Optionally, the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is by carbon dioxide, epoxides under the action of catalyst by altogether
It is poly- to be prepared.
Optionally, the molecular weight of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 500-5000.
Optionally, the molecular weight of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 1000-4000.
Optionally, the intramolecular hydroxyl quantity of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is in 2-6.
Optionally, the interior hydroxyl quantity of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is in 2-4.
Optionally, the epoxides is：One kind in ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and epoxy butane or in which at least
Two kinds of mixture.
Optionally, the epoxides is：The mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
Optionally, the ethylene oxide is 0.1%-95% relative to the quality dosage of the epoxides.
Optionally, the ethylene oxide is 10%-50% relative to the quality dosage of the epoxides.
Optionally, the molar fraction of carbonic ester is in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol：0.1-0.5.
Optionally, the molar fraction of carbonic ester is in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol：0.15-0.35.
Optionally, the diisocyanate is toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), 1,6- hexylidene diisocyanates, diphenyl methane
Diisocyanate, any type of 1,5- naphthalene diisocyanates or several mixtures.
Optionally, the dosage of the diisocyanate is 30-200 parts.
Optionally, the dosage of the diisocyanate is 50-150 parts.
Optionally, the solvent is：It is dichloromethane, monochloro methane, acetone, petroleum ether, gasoline, pentane, perflenapent, complete
One kind in fluorine heptane, hydrofluorocarbon ether etc. or in which at least two mixture.
Optionally, the dosage of the solvent is 50-150 parts.
Optionally, the reaction temperature of the pre-foamed components is：40-90℃.
Optionally, the reaction time of the pre-foamed components is 0.5-6 hours.
Second aspect, plantation sponge provided in this embodiment are made of above-mentioned one method of people.
Therefore a kind of whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable of the embodiment of the present invention is will to be used as pore-creating agent
Waste polyurethane foamed plastics grain fraction, pre-foamed components, organic fertilizer, water-absorbing resin, water etc. be uniformly mixed, pour into mould
It foams in tool.Wherein pre-foamed components are to react system by the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol and isocyanates of controllable biodegradable
It is standby.Compared with the sponge kind for being traditionally used for planting, plantation sponge of the invention has whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
The features such as, soil, peat soil etc. can be replaced as planting matrixs such as plants such as flowers, vegetables, solve soil, peat soil conduct
The shortcomings that easily growing mosquito when planting matrix, generating flying dust, the epidemic disease for caused by alleviating due to mosquito are such as stepped on
Leather heat etc. has positive effect.
Specific implementation mode
Whole ventilating plantation sponge of the present invention can be synthesized by following method, but the claim of the present invention is not
It is limited, the proportioning involved in the preparation method of following embodiment is quality proportioning.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of whole ventilatings of controllable biodegradable to plant sponge and preparation method thereof, is that will make
It is equal for mixing such as the waste polyurethane foamed plastics grain fraction of pore-creating agent, pre-foamed components, organic fertilizer, water-absorbing resin, water
It is even, it pours into mold and foams.Wherein pre-foamed components are the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol and isocyanide by controllable biodegradable
It is prepared by acid esters reaction.Compared with the sponge kind for being traditionally used for planting, plantation sponge of the invention have whole ventilating, can
The features such as control is biodegradable can replace soil, peat soil etc. as planting matrixs such as plants such as flowers, vegetables, solve soil,
The shortcomings that easily growing mosquito when peat soil is as planting matrix, generating flying dust, it is popular for caused by alleviating due to mosquito
Property disease such as dengue fever etc. there is positive effect.
The polyurethane foam plastics wherein used can be industrial leftover pieces, can also be discarded sofa, automobile cushion, seat
Polyurethane foam plastics in dream think of etc..
Wherein, agricultural wastes such as stalk, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, sawdust, weeds or marsh mud can be selected in the organic fertilizer
Nutrient necessary to growth and development of plants can be directly fed Deng, organic fertilizer and rich in the fertilizer of organic substance.It is above-mentioned to have
Machine fertilizer is fermented, dry, crushing obtains, and dosage is at 1-100 parts, preferably 5-70 parts.
Wherein, water-absorbing resin is a kind of new functional macromolecule material, has hydrophilic radical, largely can absorb moisture and molten
It is swollen and the synthetic resin that moisture does not outflow can be maintained, such as starch grafted acrylate class, graft acrylamide, cross-linked carboxymethyl
In cellulose, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, cross-linking type hydroxyethyl cellulose graft acrylamide polymer etc.
One or more of mixtures, dosage is at 0.01-100 parts, preferably 0.1-10 parts.
Water consumption is at 3-100 parts, preferably 5-50 parts.
The foamable reaction temperature is at 10-200 DEG C, preferably 50-180 DEG C.
1-600 minutes, the preferably 2-60 minutes foamable reaction time.
The pre-foamed components are that 100 parts of polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyols are added 0.1-100 parts of diisocyanate and are existed
30-100 DEG C, 0.1-10h is reacted, is cooled to room temperature, 1-200 parts of solvents are added and obtain.
The polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is that carbon dioxide, epoxides are prepared by being copolymerized under the action of catalyst,
Its molecular weight is between 500-5000, preferably 1000-4000, more preferable 2000-3000.Intramolecular hydroxyl quantity is in 2-6, preferably
2-4.The epoxides is the mixture of one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and epoxy butane, preferably ring
The mixture of oxidative ethane and propylene oxide, ethylene oxide are 0.1%-95%, preferably 10- relative to epoxides total amount
50%.
The molar fraction of carbonic ester is between 0.1-0.5 in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol, preferably 0.15-0.35.
Wherein, diisocyanate is organic compound, it contains at least two isocyanate groups, and is known fat
Any one of fat race or aromatic isocyanate or several mixtures, common this kind of diisocyanate and polymerization are different
Cyanate has：Toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (English name：Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate；2,4-tolylene
Diisocyanate, abbreviation TDI), 1,6- hexylidene diisocyanate (English names：1,6-diisocyanate d'
Hexamethylene, abbreviation HDI), methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (English name：Diphenyl-methane-
Diisocyanate, abbreviation MDI), Carbodiimide-Modified MDI, poly isocyanate (abbreviation PAPI), 1,5- naphthalene diisocyanates
Ester (English name:1,5-Naphthalene Diisocyanate, Chinese referred to as 1,5-NDI).Relative to 100 parts of polymerized thylene carbonates
Ester polyol, the wherein dosage of diisocyanate are at 30-200 parts, preferably 50-150 parts.
Wherein, the solvent of use is some common solvents, such as toluene, dimethylbenzene, dichloromethane, monochloro methane, carbonic acid two
The dosage of the mixture of one or more of methyl esters, acetone, butanone, benzene, hexamethylene, petroleum ether, gasoline etc., solvent is 1-
200 parts, preferably 50-150 parts.
Reaction temperature when prepared by the pre-foamed components is at 30-100 DEG C, preferably 40-90 DEG C.
The pre-foamed components synthesising reacting time is in 0.1-10h, preferably 0.5-6h, more preferably in 1-4h.
The present invention can also be required according to concrete application, and a certain amount of other auxiliary agents or filler is added, as inorganic fertilizer, filler,
Pesticide etc..
Particularly, the present invention uses polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol as raw material, by adjusting in polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol
The relative amount of ethylene oxide controls product degradation speed, to improve the planting effect of plant.
In addition, the present invention is used as pore-creating agent by the way that a large amount of soft bubble particle of waste polyurethane is added, it is poly- to prepare whole ventilating
Urethane foamed plastics plants sponge.
Product prepared by the present invention can be widely applied to the plantation of various plants, as vertical greening, Vegetable, roof are protected
Warm greening, river regulation, desert afforestation etc..
Embodiment 1
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.3, intramolecular epoxy
100 parts of two isocyanides of Carbodiimide-Modified diphenyl methane are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 15%
Acid esters (abbreviation MDI) reacts 2h in 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, and 100 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 15kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the polyurethane foam plastics of 2mm sizes
Particle, 0.5 part of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide of addition is as water-absorbing resin, the stalk after 10 parts of fermented crushing
As organic fertilizer, 40 parts of pre-foamed components, 10 parts of water are stirred evenly and are poured into mold, are foamed 5 minutes at 120 DEG C, and demoulding is
The polyurethane foam plastics of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable can be obtained.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 2
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.25, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (abbreviation PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 30%, anti-in 70 DEG C
4h is answered, is cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dimethyl carbonates are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 15kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, polyurethane is made in the particle for being crushed to 3mm sizes
2 parts of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamides are added as stream resin, after 15 parts of fermented crushing in foam grain
Stalk, 50 parts of pre-foamed components, 15 parts of water stir evenly and pour into mold, foam 10 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can obtain
To required whole ventilating, the polyurethane foam plastics of controllable biodegradable.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 3
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 2500, hydroxy functionality 2, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.20, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (abbreviation PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 50%, anti-in 70 DEG C
4h is answered, is cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 18kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to 3mm sizes be made polyurethane foam modeling
Expect particle, 2 parts of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamides, the stalk after 15 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of prefoam are added
Component, 15 parts of water, stirs evenly and pours into mold, foams 10 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained required whole ventilating, can
Control biodegradable polyurethane foam plastics.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 4
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.35, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (abbreviation PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 10%, anti-in 70 DEG C
4h is answered, is cooled to room temperature, 150 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 18kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the particle of 3mm sizes, 2 parts of friendships be added
Join carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, the stalk after 15 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of pre-foamed components, 15 parts of water, stirring
It uniformly pours into mold, foams 10 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the poly- ammonia of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
Ester foamed plastic.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 5
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 2500, hydroxy functionality 2, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.15, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 50%, react 4h in 70 DEG C,
It is cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dichloromethane is added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 18kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the particle of 3mm sizes, 2 parts of friendships be added
Join carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, the dregs of beans after 25 parts of fermented crushing, 30 parts of pre-foamed components, 15 parts of water, stirring
It uniformly pours into mold, foams 10 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the poly- ammonia of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
Ester foamed plastic.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 6
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 2, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.3, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 50%, react 6h in 50 DEG C,
It is cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dichloromethane is added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 30kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the particle of 4mm sizes, 1 part of friendship be added
Join carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, the dregs of beans after 25 parts of fermented crushing, 30 parts of pre-foamed components, 15 parts of water, stirring
It uniformly pours into mold, foams 5 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the polyurethane of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
Foamed plastics.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 7
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable takes 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3,
The molar fraction 0.3 of intramolecular carbonic ester, the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that intramolecular ethylene oxide relative amount is 10% are added
120 parts of poly isocyanates (PAPI) are reacted 1h in 80 DEG C, are cooled to room temperature, and 120 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain prefoam group
Point.
It is 30kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the particle of 4mm sizes, 1 part of friendship be added
Join carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, the dregs of beans after 30 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of pre-foamed components, 30 parts of water, stirring
It uniformly pours into mold, foams 5 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the polyurethane of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
Foamed plastics.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Embodiment 8
1, the preparation of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable takes 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3,
The molar fraction 0.3 of intramolecular carbonic ester, the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that intramolecular ethylene oxide relative amount is 10% are added
100 parts of poly isocyanates (PAPI) are reacted 1h in 80 DEG C, are cooled to room temperature, and 120 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain prefoam group
Point.
It is 10kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Sponge leftover pieces, be crushed to the particle of 2mm sizes, 1 part of crosslinking carboxylic first be added
Base cellulose graft acrylamide, the dregs of beans after 15 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of pre-foamed components, 30 parts of water stir evenly down
Enter in mold, foam 5 minutes at 120 DEG C, demoulding can be obtained the polyurethane foam modeling of required whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable
Material.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Comparative example 1
1, the preparation of sponge is planted
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, the polyether polyol that hydroxy functionality is 3 that 100 parts of poly isocyanates are added
(PAPI), 1h is reacted in 80 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
Take 1 part of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, the dregs of beans after 15 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of prefoam groups
Point, 30 parts of water are stirred evenly and are poured into mold, are foamed 5 minutes at 120 DEG C, and demoulding obtains commonly planting sponge.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Comparative example 2
1, the preparation of sponge is planted
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 2500, hydroxy functionality 2, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.20, intramolecular epoxy
80 parts of poly isocyanates (PAPI) are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 50%, react 4h in 70 DEG C,
It is cooled to room temperature, 120 parts of dichloromethane is added and obtain pre-foamed components.
Take 2 parts of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamides, the stalk after 15 parts of fermented crushing, 60 parts of prefoam groups
Point, 15 parts of water are stirred evenly and are poured into mold, are foamed 10 minutes at 120 DEG C, and demoulding obtains commonly planting sponge.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Comparative example 3
1, the preparation of sponge is planted
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.3, intramolecular epoxy
100 parts of two isocyanides of Carbodiimide-Modified diphenyl methane are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 15%
Acid esters (abbreviation MDI) reacts 2h in 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, and 100 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 15kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the polyurethane foam plastics of 2mm sizes
0.01 part of powder grafted propylene Barbiturates is added as water-absorbing resin in particle, and the stalk after 10 parts of fermented crushing is as organic fertilizer
Material, 10 parts of pre-foamed components, 3 parts of water are stirred evenly and are poured into mold, foam 600 minutes at 10 DEG C, and demoulding can be obtained required
Whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable polyurethane foam plastics.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
Comparative example 4
1, the preparation of sponge is planted
Take 100 parts of molecular weight 3000, hydroxy functionality 3, intramolecular carbonic ester molar fraction 0.3, intramolecular epoxy
100 parts of two isocyanides of Carbodiimide-Modified diphenyl methane are added in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol that ethane relative amount is 15%
Acid esters (abbreviation MDI) reacts 2h in 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature, and 100 parts of dichloromethane are added and obtain pre-foamed components.
It is 15kg/m to take 100 parts of density3Discarded Sofa cushion sponge, be crushed to the polyurethane foam plastics of 2mm sizes
100 parts of powder grafted propylene Barbiturates are added as water-absorbing resin in particle, and the stalk after 100 parts of fermented crushing is as organic fertilizer
Material, 100 parts of pre-foamed components, 100 parts of water are stirred evenly and are poured into mold, foam 1 minute at 200 DEG C, and demoulding can be obtained institute
The polyurethane foam plastics of the whole ventilating, controllable biodegradable that need.
2, the plantation of plant
The tissue cultural seedlings of free that the gold boy that 6-9 months have been cultivated in hole tray is closed to fruit taro carries out washing root, plants
In on the polyurethane foam plastics made, it is placed on the seedbed of greenhouse and is conserved；It is once watered within every 4 days, is poured
Then irrigate.
The temperature of greenhouse keeps ventilation at 22-26 DEG C, air humidity 60-65%.
The results are shown in Table 1 for the plantation of plant：
Table 1：The plantation comparison table of plant
Plantation shown in table one is the results show that the polyurethane foam using the standby controllable biodegradable of patent system of the present invention is moulded
When material is for planting, acquirement is unexpected to arrive advantageous effect, and plant grew well illustrates full open aperture bubble prepared by this patent
Foam plastics are suitable for planting matrix.
Using sponge is planted made of non-full open aperture foam process shown in comparative example 1,2, plant is carried out using it
When plantation, plant can not long-term surviving, which does not obtain good planting effect as planting matrix, and adopts
It can be obtained with technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention unexpected to advantageous effect, plant grew well.
In particular, using planted shown in embodiment 1-8 sponge can obtain it is unexpected arrive advantageous effect, plant growth is good
It is good.
Embodiments described above does not constitute the restriction to the technical solution protection domain.It is any in above-mentioned implementation
Modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc., should be included in the protection model of the technical solution made by within the spirit and principle of mode
Within enclosing.
Claims (33)
1. a kind of preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable, which is characterized in that take following quality proportioning
Component is made by following technique：
100 parts of polyurethane-foam particles are taken, 1-100 parts of organic fertilizer and 0.01-100 parts of water-absorbing resin mixing are added
Uniformly, 10-100 parts of pre-foamed components are added, 3-100 parts of water are stirred evenly, poured into mold, foamable reaction at 10-200 DEG C
1-600 minutes, demoulding can be obtained the plantation sponge；
The pre-foamed components are specifically that the component of following mass fraction is made by following technique：By 100 parts of poly propylene carbonates
Polyalcohol is added 0.1-100 parts of diisocyanate at 30-100 DEG C, reacts 0.1-10 hours, be cooled to room temperature, 1-200 is added
Part solvent obtains.
2. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The grain size of the polyurethane-foam particles is：0.1mm-10mm.
3. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The grain size of the polyurethane-foam particles is：1mm-5mm.
4. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The density of the polyurethane-foam particles is：5 kg/m³-100kg/m³.
5. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The density of the polyurethane-foam particles is：7 kg/m³-50kg/m³.
6. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The organic fertilizer selects fermented agricultural wastes, drying, crushes acquisition.
7. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 5-70 parts.
8. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The water-absorbing resin is：Starch grafted acrylate class, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose grafting third
Acrylamide, one kind in cross-linking type hydroxyethyl cellulose graft acrylamide polymer or at least two mixture.
9. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the water-absorbing resin is：0.1-10 parts.
10. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 9, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the water is：5-50 parts.
11. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The temperature of the foamable reaction is：10-200℃.
12. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 11, which is characterized in that
The temperature of the foamable reaction is：50-18℃.
13. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The foamable reaction time is 1-300 minutes.
14. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 13, which is characterized in that
The foamable reaction time is 2-60 minutes.
15. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is prepared under the action of catalyst by copolymerization by carbon dioxide, epoxides.
16. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 15, which is characterized in that
The molecular weight of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 500-5000.
17. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 16, which is characterized in that
The molecular weight of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 1000-4000.
18. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 15, which is characterized in that
The intramolecular hydroxyl quantity of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 2-6.
19. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 18, which is characterized in that
The intramolecular hydroxyl quantity of the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol is 2-4.
20. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 15, which is characterized in that
The epoxides is：One kind in ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and epoxy butane or in which at least two mixing
Object.
21. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 20, which is characterized in that
The epoxides is：The mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
22. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 21, which is characterized in that
The ethylene oxide is 0.1%-95% relative to the quality dosage of the epoxides.
23. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 22, which is characterized in that
The ethylene oxide is 10%-50% relative to the quality dosage of the epoxides.
24. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The molar fraction of carbonic ester is in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol：0.1-0.5.
25. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 24, which is characterized in that
The molar fraction of carbonic ester is in the polymerized thylene carbonate ester polyol：0.15-0.35.
26. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The diisocyanate be toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), 1,6- hexylidene diisocyanates, methyl diphenylene diisocyanate,
Any type of 1,5- naphthalene diisocyanates or several mixtures.
27. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the diisocyanate is 30-200 parts.
28. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 27, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the diisocyanate is 50-150 parts.
29. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The solvent is：Dichloromethane, monochloro methane, acetone, petroleum ether, gasoline, pentane, perflenapent, PF 5070, hydrogen fluorine
One kind in hydrocarbyl ether or in which at least two mixture.
30. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 29, which is characterized in that
The dosage of the solvent is 50-150 parts.
31. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The reaction temperature of the pre-foamed components is：40-90℃.
32. the preparation method of the whole ventilating plantation sponge of controllable biodegradable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The reaction time of the pre-foamed components is 0.5-6 hours.
33. a kind of whole ventilating of controllable biodegradable made of either method according to claims 1 to 32 plants sponge.
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| CN106134960A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-11-23 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | The preparation method of raw matrix is planted in a kind of environmental protection |
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