CN105481839A - Preparation method for cycloxylidin enantiomer with photoactivity - Google Patents

Preparation method for cycloxylidin enantiomer with photoactivity Download PDF

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CN105481839A
CN105481839A CN201510822732.3A CN201510822732A CN105481839A CN 105481839 A CN105481839 A CN 105481839A CN 201510822732 A CN201510822732 A CN 201510822732A CN 105481839 A CN105481839 A CN 105481839A
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nitroimidazoline
base amine
reaction
reactor
sodium hydride
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CN105481839B (en
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张千峰
夏佳美
徐文芳
范芳芳
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ANHUI QIANHE NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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ANHUI QIANHE NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/06Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/07Optical isomers

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for a cycloxylidin enantiomer with photoactivity, which belongs to the technical field of asymmetric catalytic synthesis of medicines with optical activity. The method comprises a first step of synthesizing 1-allyl-N-2-nitroiminoimidazolidine and a second step of synthesizing the 1-(1,2-glycidyl)-N-2-nitroiminoimidazolidine enantiomer. The method employs sodium hydride to effectively completely remove hydrogen with weak acidity in a resonance structure of N-nitroiminoimidazolidine and convert the hydrogen into a sodium salt, wherein organic by-products are not produced; through asymmetric epoxidation, levorgyrate or dextrorotary enantiomer products with high yield can be obtained; and the method prepares high-purity enantiomer products, substantially improves insecticidal activity of the products and reduces environmental pollution.

Description

A kind of preparation method of photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomorph
Technical field
The invention belongs to optics drugs asymmetry catalysis synthesis technical field, be specifically related to the preparation method of 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine (i.e. epoxy quinoline) enantiomorph.
Background technology
Epoxy quinoline is that the one grown up on common pesticide imidacloprid basis is efficient, and low toxic pesticide, progressively promotes at present in the farm crop such as cucumber, cotton, is the best kind replacing organophosphorus, organochlorine insecticide.The raceme product (see Chinese patent CN101503406A) of what but synthesis main at present and production technique obtained is epoxy quinoline, if this can be split as left-handed (-) and dextrorotation (+) product to raceme, so this is bound to better to the medicinal effect with optical activity enantiomeric excess product, but the cost of industrial resolving racemic is very high, and be difficult to the popularization realizing industrialization; For this reason, the present invention designs and adopts that chlorine third is rare synthesizes 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base ammonia with N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane, what be oxidized to 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine (i.e. epoxy quinoline) by Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidation again has optical activity enantiomeric excess product.
The great advantage of Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidation is: reaction reagent is commercialization, and it is cheap and easy to get, and the yield of its epoxidation product has the e.e. value (Enantiomeric excess) more than 90% usually, the chirality of product can also be predicted in addition according to reaction model.There is optically active chipal compounds and have important application in fields such as medicine, agricultural chemicals, material, spices and food, and its value of optically active chipal compounds will far away higher than its racemic modification product, epoxy quinoline product is as the chipal compounds that can be separated and transform, the synthesis being necessary to study its left-handed (-) and dextrorotation (+) enantiomorph be separated and pharmacological properties and insecticidal activity, and the problem such as toxicity or environmental pollution may be there is.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the preparation method of 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine (i.e. epoxy quinoline) enantiomorph is provided.
Photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomorph of the present invention, namely the structural formula of 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph is:
Photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomorph provided by the present invention: preparation method's concrete steps of 1-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine are as follows:
(1) 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine is synthesized:
Under nitrogen protection, N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane and organic solvent are joined in reactor, after N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane dissolves substantially, under agitation in reactor, add sodium hydride in batches, continue stirring after adding sodium hydride 30 minutes, more slowly drip propenyl chloride in reactor, after dropwising, stirring reaction under temperature 35-40 DEG C of condition, and monitor reaction process with TLC or HPLC, until reaction terminates; After cooling, underpressure distillation goes out organic solvent, obtains orange-yellow oily liquids, adds the isopyknic ether of described orange-yellow oily liquids and separate out faint yellow crystalline solid at temperature-10 DEG C, take advantage of cold filtration, obtain thick product, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, obtain the sterling of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine.
Described organic solvent is the mixed solvent of DMF (N, N'-dimethyl formamide) or DMF and toluene, described propenyl chloride: N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane: the mol ratio of sodium hydride is: 1:1.1-1.5:1.1-1.5; The purity of described sodium hydride is 60wt%; Described vacuum distillation temperature is 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.3KPa; Can add a small amount of in whole reaction soln system molecular sieve.
(2) 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph is synthesized:
Under nitrogen protection, in reactor, add a certain amount of organic solvents, chloroform, at-10-O DEG C of temperature, successively add tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium Ti (Oi-Pr) wherein 4, L (+)-diethyl tartrate ((+) DET) or L (-)-diethyl tartrate ((-) DET), stir the 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine adding step (1) after 15 minutes and prepare, finally add oxygenant metachloroperbenzoic acid (M-CPBA), the homogeneous phase solution of reaction gained is stirred 12h, period TLC or HPLC monitors the product conversion process of reaction, after desolventizing, by petroleum ether, thick product can be obtained, 1-(1 is obtained through chloroform-sherwood oil mixed solvent recrystallization, 2-epoxypropyl) sterling of-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph.
Described tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium: L (+)-diethyl tartrate: 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine: the mol ratio of metachloroperbenzoic acid is 1:1:1:2; The volume ratio of described chloroform-sherwood oil is 2:1; Can add a small amount of in whole reaction soln system molecular sieve.
Wherein: in step (1), the temperature of reaction of synthesis 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine is 35-40 DEG C, and temperature height can cause unreacted propenyl chloride to vapor away, and affects the output of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine; Sodium hydride purity used is 60wt%, and sodium hydride slowly adds in batches, to avoid the effusion that can produce a large amount of hydrogen in the process added; Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation reaction in step (2) is-10 DEG C-0 DEG C (available cryosel bath modulation).
The reaction formula of above-mentioned preparation process is as follows:
The present invention compared with prior art has following technical characterstic:
(1) adopt sodium hydride effectively can be removed completely by hydrogen more weak for resonant for N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane middle acidity, and can sodium salt be converted into, and can not organic by-products be produced.
(2) the preparation feedback temperature of the first step allyl group product is 35-40 DEG C, and heat condition is comparatively gentle, less energy consumption, can also avoid the autohemagglutination phenomenon of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine product simultaneously.
(3) by Sharpless asymmetric Epoxidation, enantiomorph product that is left-handed or dextrorotation can be obtained respectively with higher productive rate, and required epoxidation catalyst low price be easy to obtain.
(4) highly purified enantiomorph product can be obtained, greatly improve the insecticidal activity of product, also correspondingly can reduce agricultural chemicals usage quantity in actual applications, reduce the pollution to environment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: concrete preparation method is as follows for 1-provided by the invention (1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph:
(1): the preparation of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine:
Under nitrogen protection, the N-nitro-imine base imidazolidine of 6.5g (0.05mol) is joined the N of 50mL, in N'-dimethyl formamide; stir after within 30 minutes, making it to dissolve completely; 2.4g sodium hydride is divided and adds for 3-5 time wherein, continue stir about 1h, obtain the pale yellow solution of homogeneous phase.Slowly be added drop-wise in above-mentioned solution by 4.9mL (0.06mol) propenyl chloride constant pressure dropping funnel, be slowly warmed up to 40 DEG C again after dropwising, TLC or HPLC method is in order to monitoring reaction course, until reaction is carried out completely.Pass through suction filtered through kieselguhr, the inorganic salt produced in removing reaction process, obtain yellow transparent solution, underpressure distillation at 40 DEG C (pressure: 0.3KPa) N, N'-solvent dimethylformamide, add isopyknic anhydrous diethyl ether again and can separate out faint yellow crystalline solid at-10 DEG C, take advantage of cold filtration, obtain thick product, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, the sterling of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine can be obtained, yield: 82%, m.p.:67-89 DEG C. 1HNMR(CDCl 3,400MHz,ppm):δ2.69(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),2.85(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),3.16(s,2H,NCH 2CH=),3.16(s,2H,NCH 2CH=),5.09-5.23(dd,J=6.6Hz,2H,NCH 2CH=CH 2),5.94(d,J=6.4Hz,1H,NCH 2CH=CH 2),8.22(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z170.17[M +],124.16[M +-NO 2].Anal.Calc.forC 6H 10N 4O 2:C,42.35;H,5.92;N,32.92%.Found:C,42.17;H,5.89;N,32.77%。
(2) L (-)-1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine and D (+)-1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine is prepared respectively:
The preparation of L (-)-1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine:
The chloroform of 20mL is joined in the three neck round-bottomed flasks of 100mL, cooling is stirred under-10 DEG C (cryosel bath), successively add the tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium of 0.297mL (1mmol) respectively, 0.172mL (0.206g, L (-)-diethyl tartrate 1mmol), stir about 10 minutes, solution is after homogeneous phase, add 0.17g (1mmol) 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-imines again, add 0.345g (2mmol) metachloroperbenzoic acid for the last time; Gained homogeneous phase solution is at refrigerator stir about 12h at-10-0 DEG C, by TLC or HPLC method monitoring epoxidation conversion process between the reaction period, after question response thing all transfers product to, removing reaction solvent, obtains light yellow solid powder by petroleum ether, then uses chloroform-sherwood oil (2:1) recrystallization, obtain sterling, yield: 77%, ee value: 90%, m.p.:97 ~ 99 DEG C. 1HNMR(CDCl 3,400MHz,ppm):δ2.52(s,2H,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.69(s,2H,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.78(d,1H,J=6.1Hz,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.81(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),2.89(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),8.14(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z188.17[M +],140.16[M +-NO 2].Anal.Calc.forC 6H 10N 4O 3:C,38.71;H,5.41;N,30.09%.Found:C,38.64;H,5.37;N,30.04%。
The preparation of D (+)-1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine:
The chloroform of 20mL is joined in the three neck round-bottomed flasks of 100mL, cooling is stirred under-10 DEG C (cryosel bath), successively add the tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium of 0.297mL (1mmol) respectively, 0.172mL (0.206g, D (+)-diethyl tartrate 1mmol), stir 10 minutes, solution is after homogeneous phase, add 0.17g (1mmol) 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-imines again, add 0.345g (2mmol) metachloroperbenzoic acid for the last time; Gained homogeneous phase solution is at refrigerator stir about 12h at-10-0 DEG C, by TLC or HPLC method monitoring epoxidation conversion process between the reaction period, after question response thing all transfers product to, removing reaction solvent, obtains light yellow solid powder by petroleum ether, then uses chloroform-sherwood oil (2:1) recrystallization, obtain sterling, yield: 81%, ee value: 93%, m.p.:96 ~ 97 DEG C. 1HNMR(CDCl 3,400MHz,ppm):δ2.54(s,2H,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.67(s,2H,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.79(d,1H,J=6.1Hz,CH 2-OCH-CH 2),2.84(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),2.91(s,2H,NCH 2CH 2N),8.17(s,1H,NH).MS(ESI):m/z188.17[M +],140.16[M +-NO 2].Anal.Calc.forC 6H 10N 4O 3:C,38.71;H,5.41;N,30.09%.Found:C,38.69;H,5.36;N,30.02%。

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for photolytic activity epoxy quinoline enantiomorph, is characterized in that these preparation method's concrete steps are as follows:
(1) 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine is synthesized:
Under nitrogen protection, N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane and organic solvent are joined in reactor, after N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane dissolves substantially, under agitation in reactor, add sodium hydride in batches, continue stirring after adding sodium hydride 30 minutes, more slowly drip propenyl chloride in reactor, after dropwising, stirring reaction under temperature 35-40 DEG C of condition, and monitor reaction process with TLC or HPLC, until reaction terminates; After cooling, underpressure distillation goes out organic solvent, obtains orange-yellow oily liquids, adds the isopyknic ether of described orange-yellow oily liquids and separate out faint yellow crystalline solid at temperature-10 DEG C, take advantage of cold filtration, obtain thick product, with Gossypol recrystallized from chloroform, obtain the sterling of 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine; Described organic solvent is the mixed solvent of N, N'-dimethyl formamide or N, N'-dimethyl formamide and toluene, described propenyl chloride: N-nitro imido imidazolyl alkane: the mol ratio of sodium hydride is: 1:1.1-1.5:1.1-1.5; The purity of described sodium hydride is 60wt%; Described vacuum distillation temperature is 40 DEG C, and pressure is 0.3KPa;
(2) 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph is synthesized:
Under nitrogen protection, in reactor, add a certain amount of organic solvents, chloroform, at-10-O DEG C of temperature, first backward reactor adds tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium Ti (Oi-Pr) 4, L (+)-diethyl tartrate or L (-)-diethyl tartrate, stir after 15 minutes and add the obtained 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine of step (1), finally add oxygenant metachloroperbenzoic acid, the homogeneous phase solution of reaction gained is stirred 12h, period TLC or HPLC monitors the product conversion process of reaction, after desolventizing, by petroleum ether, thick product can be obtained, the sterling of 1-(1,2-epoxypropyl)-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine enantiomorph is obtained through chloroform-sherwood oil mixed solvent recrystallization; Described tetra isopropyl oxygen titanium: L (+)-diethyl tartrate: 1-allyl group-N-Nitroimidazoline-2-base amine: the mol ratio of metachloroperbenzoic acid is 1:1:1:2; The volume ratio of described chloroform-sherwood oil is 2:1.
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