CN105478966A - 220 V and 380 V double-power-source IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine - Google Patents

220 V and 380 V double-power-source IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105478966A
CN105478966A CN201610022970.0A CN201610022970A CN105478966A CN 105478966 A CN105478966 A CN 105478966A CN 201610022970 A CN201610022970 A CN 201610022970A CN 105478966 A CN105478966 A CN 105478966A
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China
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welding
circuit
welding machine
voltage
gas
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CN201610022970.0A
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CN105478966B (en
Inventor
谢志峰
魏继昆
陈法庆
朱宣辉
朱宣东
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Zhejiang Kende Mechanical and Electrical CO Ltd
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Zhejiang Kende Mechanical and Electrical CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10—Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a 220 V and 380 V double-power-source IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine. Manual arc welding and MIG/MAG gas shielded welding can be performed. The welding machine can conduct simple argon arc welding through the manual welding function. The power source of the welding machine is 220 V or 380 V, single IGBT half-bridge inversion control is adopted, and the output rated current can reach the level of 200 A at 60% in the MIG/MAG gas shielded welding process and the level of 180 A at 60% in the MMA manual arc welding or TIG argon arc welding process. Six nixie tubes and display control circuits of the nixie tubes are arranged on a display and operation control panel. The nixie tubes and the display control circuits are divided into two groups which are used for displaying the current parameter and the voltage parameter respectively. A manual welding/gas shielded welding method conversion button, gas shielded welding 2T/4T welding gun on-off operation mode selection buttons, unit indicator lamps for the voltage, the current and the wire feeding speed, an overheating indicator lamp and a potentiometer for setting and adjusting parameters of the current, the wire feeding speed and the voltage and the inductance parameter of an electronic electric reactor are further arranged. By the adoption of the welding machine, multiple welding methods and functions are provided, the problems that the single power source voltage is input and the application range of a singular-function welding machine is narrow are solved, and the circuit principle, circuit boards and the whole structure of the welding machine are designed to be unique.

Description

A kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 220V or 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine; welding machine adopts single tube IGBT semi-bridge inversion to control; except MIG/MAG gas shielded arc welding; manual electric arc welding can also be carried out; simultaneously; utilize manual welding function, can also simple and easy argon arc welding be carried out, belong to inverter type welder technical field.
Technical background
At present, the competition of contravariant MIG/MAG gas shielded welding machine produce market is very fierce, in the advance being not only embodied in technology and advantage, also depends on the aspect such as circuit and function and structure design thereof of welding machine to a great extent.
On domestic and international market, the rated current of the IGBT contravariant MIG/MAG gas shielded welding machine of 220V or three-phase 380V is usually at 160 ~ 630A(cyclic duration factor 60%) level.This type of welding machine product of three-phase 380V is all the MIG/MAG gas shielded welding machine adopting IGBT module inversion.Have unifunctional, also have band manual welding function.Its cost and selling price high, market sale can be subject to certain restrictions.And the IGBT contravariant MIG/MAG gas shielded welding machine of 220V or 380V, still rare on market.This is one of the problem to be solved in the present invention.
For multi-functional, namely also can adopt the gas shield welding machine of the function such as manual electric arc welding, argon arc welding, because its adaptability is stronger, the scope of thus its application can be wider.Production marketing more can be added with the market competitiveness.But this type of welding machine, different circuit, circuit board and complete machine structure design, and control principle is different with mode, the layout of circuit board and complete machine and connected mode, or the complexity connected is different, and the operation of its production and manufacture craft etc. are also completely different.These all can affect production and the cost of transportation of product.Therefore, how under the prerequisite of low cost, developing multi-functional welding machine has certain technical difficulty.This is also that the present invention needs one of problem solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine, manual electric arc welding and MIG/MAG gas shielded arc welding can be carried out, utilize manual welding function, welding machine can also carry out simple and easy argon arc welding, welding machine power supply is 220V or 380V, single tube IGBT semi-bridge inversion is adopted to control, export rated current and can reach when weldering (MIG/MAG gas protect) 200A(60%)/(when MMA manual metal-arc welding or TIG argon arc welding) 180A(60%) level, to display of the present invention and operation control panel, its plate is designed with 6 charactrons and display control circuit thereof, be divided into two groups, show electric current and voltage parameter respectively, also has manual welding/gas shielded welding method switching button, gas protects weldering 2T/4T arc welding gun switch mode of operation select button, voltage, the unit indicator lamp of electric current and wire feed rate, overheating indicator lamp, and electric current wire feed rate, voltage and electronic inductor inductance parameters setting regulator potentiometer, the present invention not only welding method is multi-functional, solve single-power voltage input, the narrow problem of simple function welding machine application surface, and the circuit theory of welding machine, circuit board and complete machine structure is designed with the unique distinction of oneself.
For achieving the above object by the following technical solutions:
A kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine, comprise housing and inner control circuit board, it is characterized in that: housing comprises housing parts, rear board part, front-facing portion, bottom parts, inner control circuit board comprise master board and end control panel, and enclosure interior is also provided with wire-feeding part in addition; Described rear board part is provided with: the gas joint of power supply air switch, empty spending frame, 36V heater socket, power supply line, wire fixer, cooling fan, protection gas or suction nozzle and electromagnetic gas valve; 36V heater socket is used for powering to CO2 gas flowmeter, with dry gas; Described front-facing portion is provided with: European welding gun interface module, export snap joint holder assembly, operation and display control panel, electric current and wire feed rate regulator potentiometer, voltage-regulation potentiometer, adjustment of inductance potentiometer; Operation and display control panel are designed with manual welding and electrogas process switching button and status indicator lamp thereof, gas protects and weld arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button and status indicator lamp, overtemperature protection status indicator lamp, electric current and wire feed rate adjusting knob, voltage-regulation knob and adjustment of inductance knob; Described bottom parts is containing the foot pad of welding machine, support and heating plate; Described master board comprises control circuit, wire-feeding control circuit, solenoid valve control circuit and the output characteristics control circuits such as inverter main circuit, switching power circuit, inversion PWM and IGBT driving, and between each circuit, circuit connects; Described wire-feeding part comprises wire reel axle, wire feeder, European gas guarantor weldering welding gun interface and wire-feeding control circuit during gas shielded arc welding; wire feeder and wire feeding disc axle are arranged on enclosure interior dividing plate; wire feeder is near welding machine front panel, and wire feeder and the European gas that front panel is installed are protected and welded welding gun interface and carry out corresponding connection.
Described inverter main circuit comprises the buffer circuit that powers on, input rectifying, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter circuit, four single tube IGBT and radiator thereof, brachium pontis electric capacity, inversion main transformer, exports rectification fast recovery diode and radiator, filter reactance.
The described buffering that powers on, rectification, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter control circuit part, by three relays and contact thereof, three photoelectrical couplers, program control pipes, also have some triodes, diode, voltage-stabiliser tube, resistance and electric capacity composition.
Described control circuit board comprises master board, display circuit board, end control panel, heating plate, the device in circuit board front is the electronic devices and components of plug-in type or parts mainly, mainly adopt automatic and artificial plug-in unit, the mode of welding carrys out completing circuit plate and process; And the mainly SMD electronic devices and components of the device of back of circuit board or parts, all adopt the mode of automatic chip mounting and welding to carry out the processing of completing circuit plate.
Enclosure interior passes through dividing plate, the mechanical part of welding machine and inner control circuit plate portion are separated, control circuit part is equivalent to be surrounded by the shell of dividing plate, shell, base plate, rear board and front panel composition, isolation big current strong electromagnetic can be played, limit electromagnetic radiation, improves welding machine reliability.
Welding machine of the present invention relates to the multi-functional MIG/MAG gas shielded welding machine of a kind of 220V or 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion, and welding machine adopts the control of single tube IGBT semi-bridge inversion.Except MIG/MAG gas shielded arc welding, manual electric arc welding can also be carried out.Meanwhile, utilize manual welding function, can also simple and easy argon arc welding be carried out, export rated current and can reach when weldering (MIG/MAG gas protect) 200A(60%)/(when MMA manual metal-arc welding or TIG argon arc welding) 180A(60%) level.
The parts that the front panel of welding machine of the present invention is installed mainly contain: European welding gun interface module, black export snap joint holder assembly, red output snap joint holder assembly, operation and display control panel, (manual welding) electric current and (gas guarantor weldering) wire feed rate adjusting knob, (gas is protected and welded) voltage-regulation knob, adjustment of inductance knob.In operation and display control panel, be designed with manual welding and electrogas process switching button and status indicator lamp thereof, gas protects weldering arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button and the part such as status indicator lamp, overtemperature protection status indicator lamp, manual welding electric current and (gas protects weldering) wire feed rate regulator potentiometer, (gas is protected and welded) voltage-regulation potentiometer, adjustment of inductance potentiometer, ammeter and voltmeter thereof.
The parts that welding machine rear board of the present invention is installed mainly contain: the parts such as power switch, band plug power supply line, cooling blower, protection gas suction nozzle and electromagnetic gas valve, welding machine grounding screw and mark.Cold wind enters from the air admission hole at welding machine case rear portion, and some heater members or parts on circuit board can be made to have good cooling effect.Such air channel and type of cooling design are also that welding machine of the present invention realizes one of major reason of larger current and high capacity water holdup.
For master board circuit part, board design is one block of large plate, the two-sided layout of electronic devices and components.In control circuit, divide by function, be designed with: the inverter main circuit be made up of the buffer circuit that powers on, input rectifying, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter circuit, four single tube IGBT and inversion main transformer and output rectification, filtering etc.; Switching power circuit; The control circuits such as inversion PWM and IGBT driving; The control circuit such as wire feed and magnetic valve; Output characteristics control circuit; Welding machine operation and display control circuit interface and accordingly circuit; Flowmeter heater power source control circuit.Between each circuit, link together according to circuit theory diagrams relation of the present invention.Control overflow and the state instruction of three kinds of welding methods can be met.Such as, 1) manual welding (containing argon arc welding)/gas protects power and energy and the state instruction of weldering; 2) output characteristics of manual welding (containing argon arc welding) and the control such as parameter display and state instruction; 3) gas protects the crawl wire feed control of weldering; Arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation control and state instruction; Preflow, delayed time controling of holding one's breath; And controlling functions and the Parameter units instruction etc. such as flat characteristic exports, voltage and wire feed rate adjustment.In addition, each control circuit device major design layout of the present invention is on one piece of large circuit board.More large-sized device is by the mode of automatic and a small amount of artificial plug-in unit, and be arranged on the one side of this circuit board, a lot of undersized device is then the mode by automatic chip mounting, directly installs and be welded on the another side of this circuit board.Thus can simplify the production process of device, reduce manufacturing cost.The welding machine design of other multi circuit board structure unlike like that, has a lot of connection control lines between its circuit board, the many and complex manufacturing of production operation, and circuit board also occupies larger space, makes package size greatly, Heavy Weight.That is, adopt design philosophy of the present invention and mode to reduce product size, reduce weight and cost of transportation.Meanwhile, few because controlling line, welding machine production and processing operation reduces, and manufacture craft have also been obtained simplification, convenient production.
To the welding machine of the present invention that different current class and cyclic duration factor require, by parts specifications parameter a small amount of on Circuit tuning plate, form the different product exporting rated current and cyclic duration factor, make product seriation.Such as, current class and the heat sink size of IGBT device is changed; Change model and the parameter of fast recovery diode; The specification of change inversion main transformer and output filtering reactor and parameter etc., easily can form the series of products of different size.Certainly, these changes, object is that the cost of manufacture of product and the specifications parameter of corresponding machine and performance indications are matched.Like this, the welding machine of often kind of specifications and models could realize optimized cost control.This just improves the market competitiveness of institute's development.
Welding machine of the present invention, owing to having the using function of the input of 220V or 380V dual-supply voltage, multiple welding method, solve the problem that single supply power supply, simple function welding machine application surface are narrow, thus have better adaptability than the welding machine of single supply power supply, simple function.Its good circuit and structural design thereof are also advantage places of the present invention, are also the important leverages meeting efficient and low-cost production, high reliability, manufacturing technology advance.The circuit theory of welding machine of the present invention, circuit board and complete machine structure are designed with oneself unique distinction.The content of patent application protection of the present invention is just circuit and the structural design of protecting this welding machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is explosive view of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic block circuit diagram of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is operation and the display control circuit schematic diagram () of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is operation and the display control circuit schematic diagram (two) of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is switching power circuit schematic diagrams of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the buffering that powers on of welding machine of the present invention, rectification, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter control circuit schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 7 is the control circuit schematic diagrams such as inversion PWM and the IGBT driving of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 8 is control circuit schematic diagrams such as wire feed and magnetic valve of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 9 is output characteristics control circuit schematic diagrams () of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 10 is output characteristics control circuit schematic diagrams () of welding machine of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 11 is flowmeter heater power source control circuit schematic diagrams of welding machine of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine of making of the present invention
Chief component comprises:
1) wire-feeding part mainly comprises: the wire reel axle 5 during gas shielded arc welding, wire feeder 9, European gas protect the parts such as weldering welding gun interface copperhead 47 and wire-feeding control circuit; wire feeder 9 and wire feeding disc axle 5 are arranged on internal partition 11; wire feeder 9 is near welding machine front panel 50, and wire feeder 9 and the European gas that front panel 50 is installed are protected and welded welding gun interface 47 and carry out corresponding connection.When gas protects weldering, gas is protected weldering welding gun and European gas and is protected and weld welding gun interface 47 and be connected, and welding wire is installed on wire reel axle 5.Welding wire can be sent to wire feeder 9 after installing.Protect weldering welding gun interface 47 by European gas again and be transported to the welding gun head be attached thereto.By wire feed rolls and the contact roller of wire feeder 9, under the control of circuit, the ignition tip that welding wire can be made to protect weldering welding gun from gas stretches out.When gas protects weldering, the wire feed rate of welding wire is size-controlled to be controlled in circuit board and corresponding potentiometer.Regulate wire feed rate can change the size of welding current.The protective gas interface that European gas is protected on weldering welding gun interface 47 is connected to electromagnetic gas valve 26 by a tracheae.Protective gas is linked into the gas input port of electromagnetic gas valve 26 from welding machine outside.After opening gas cylinder, under the control action of welder circuit, electromagnetic gas valve 2 can be made) switching, thus make protective gas access welding gun, and flow out from welding gun head, realize the metal coating to weld zone.During manual welding, then wire-feeding part and electromagnetic gas valve are not controlled.
2) housing parts comprises shell screw 1, cover 2, handle 6, knocker 3, side cover plate, rear plate 25, header board 50, base plate 36 etc.
3) parts that rear board part is installed mainly contain: the gas joint of power supply air switch 20, empty spending frame 18,36V heater socket 19, power supply line 22, wire fixer 21, cooling fan, protection gas or suction nozzle and the part such as electromagnetic gas valve 26, grounding screw 27.Power line 22 is connected to power supply grid.Power switch 20 controls the on-off of welding machine electric power.Some parts of cooling fan butt welding machine inside carry out forced air cooling.Cooling fan is positioned at the rear portion of welding machine, and cold wind carries out from the air admission hole at welding machine case rear board rear portion.Some heater members or parts can be made, as the parts such as IGBT and Heat Sink A heat sink, fast recovery diode and radiator are cooled preferably.Such air channel and type of cooling design, being conducive to the reliability ensureing welder circuit work, is also that welding machine of the present invention realizes one of major reason of larger current and high capacity water holdup.36V heater socket 19 is powered for giving CO2 gas flowmeter, with dry gas.
4) front-facing portion.The parts installed mainly contain: European welding gun interface module 47, black export snap joint holder assembly 49, red snap joint holder assembly 48, operation and display control panel 42, manual welding electric current gentle guarantor's weldering wire feed rate regulator potentiometer 45, the gas of exporting protects weldering voltage-regulation potentiometer 44, adjustment of inductance potentiometer 43.In operation and display control panel 42, be designed with manual welding and electrogas process switching button and status indicator lamp thereof, gas protects weldering arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button and status indicator lamp, overtemperature protection status indicator lamp, manual welding electric current gentle guarantors weldering wire feed rate adjusting knob, (gas guarantor weld) part such as voltage-regulation knob, adjustment of inductance knob.
5) bottom parts comprises the foot pad 35, support 32,37, heating plate 34 etc. of welding machine.
6) master board 12, comprise the control circuits such as control circuit, wire feed and magnetic valve such as inverter main circuit, switching power circuit, inversion PWM and IGBT driving, output characteristics control circuit, welding machine operation and display control circuit interface and the corresponding part such as circuit and flowmeter heater power source control circuit thereof, between each circuit, link together according to circuit theory diagrams relation of the present invention.Every control overflow that manual welding contains argon arc welding and MIG/MAG gas shield welding method can be met.
7) bottom parts 15 comprises the part such as electrochemical capacitor 16, relay 17.
Inverter main circuit part comprises the inverter main circuit that the buffer circuit that powers on, input rectifying, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter circuit, four single tube IGBT and radiator 30 thereof, brachium pontis electric capacity 31, inversion main transformer 39, output rectification fast recovery diode and radiator 29, filter reactance etc. form.
As shown in Figure 1, during welding machine manual electric arc welding of the present invention two groups export snap joint holder assemblies 48,49 for connecting welding clamp cable and workpiece clamp cable respectively.Polarity during connection can according to the kind of welding rod and the mode requiring to determine to be connected.Redness, represents positive output; Black, represents negative output; Gas is protected welding gun when welding and is connected to European welding gun interface module 47, and black exports snap joint holder assembly 49 and is generally used for connecting workpiece clamp welding cable.This connected mode is called that reversal connection or reversed polarity connect.
Welding machine of the present invention as shown in accompanying drawing 3,4, crawl wire feed interrupteur SW 2 is crawl wire feed control button, be arranged near wire feeder, under the effect of control circuit, realize welding wire during for installing welding wire slowly or intermittent feed, being convenient to that welding wire is installed and making it to stretch out from welding gun head.
To on welding machine of the present invention operation and display control panel 42, be designed with manual welding and electrogas process switching button and status indicator lamp thereof, gas protects weldering arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button and status indicator lamp, overtemperature protection status indicator lamp, (manual welding) electric current and the part such as (gas protects weldering) wire feed rate regulator potentiometer, (gas protects weldering) voltage-regulation potentiometer, adjustment of inductance potentiometer, ammeter and voltmeter.Manual welding and gas shielded arc welding power and energy button are used for the selection of two kinds of welding methods, and indicate its state by corresponding indicator lamp; Gas protects weldering arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button is selected for the mode of operation of arc welding gun switch, and indicates its state by corresponding indicator lamp.2T pattern refers to presses arc welding gun switch, starts to carry out gas and protects weldering welding.Unclamp arc welding gun switch and then stop welding.4T pattern refers to presses arc welding gun switch, starts to carry out gas and protects weldering welding, unclamp arc welding gun switch and continue to keep welding, again press arc welding gun switch, prepare to terminate welding, unclamp arc welding gun switch and then stop welding.Whether overtemperature protection status indicator lamp (yellow or red) then indicates superheat state to occur.When internal components temperature is too high, when exceeding the operating temperature of temperature relay, under the effect of control circuit, this indicator lamp can be made to light on the one hand; On the other hand, welding machine can be made to stop welding or export.When welding machine does not export, the cooling effect of blower fan can make the temperature of device reduce.When being reduced to the recovery operating temperature of thermal protector, protector recovers, and welding machine superheating phenomenon is eliminated.Overheating indicator lamp extinguishes.Meanwhile, welding machine can weld again.During manual welding, corresponding Current adjustment potentiometer is adopted to carry out electric current Drazin inverse; When gas protects weldering, the size of current of output regulates by corresponding wire feed or Current adjustment potentiometer.Export weldingvoltage then to be regulated by corresponding voltage potentiometer.Protecting the arc characteristic of weldering welding for improving gas, being also provided with electronic inductor or adjustment of inductance potentiometer.The ammeter of the composition such as charactron and voltmeter are then for showing the standard parameter of preset or actual welding.
As shown in figures 3-5.Operation and display control panel circuit are control circuit (two) part, and other control circuit is control circuit (one) part.Be provided with CON5 and CON1 interface.Two control circuit parts are connected directly between together by plug-in unit, and accompanying drawing 3 ~ accompanying drawing 11 together constitutes the complete control circuit schematic diagram of welding machine of the present invention.
The control circuit plate portion of welding machine of the present invention is containing master board 12, display circuit board 42, base plate 15, flowmeter heating plate 34 etc., the device in front is the electronic devices and components of plug-in type or parts mainly, mainly adopt automatic and artificial plug-in unit, the mode of welding carrys out completing circuit plate and process.And the mainly SMD electronic devices and components of the device of back of circuit board or parts, all adopt the mode of automatic chip mounting and welding to carry out the processing of completing circuit plate.Just think, if all components and parts and parts are all in the front of circuit board, so the size of circuit board must strengthen.This will strengthen size and the weight of welding machine; If as the welding machine of other multi circuit board structure, have a lot of control connection lines between circuit board, so production process will inevitably be many, and production technology also can be complicated.Visible, the present invention because of circuit board size little, project organization is compact, and connection control line is few, therefore the board production manufacturing procedure of welding machine is few, and manufacture craft also greatly simplifies, convenient production.Such design and processing technology, can ensure that the production of product has very high production efficiency, meanwhile, error rate and cost of manufacture low, be conducive to improve the competitiveness of product in market.
In addition, in structural design, as shown in Figure 1, by dividing plate 8,11, the mechanical part of welding machine and inner control circuit part are separated.Control circuit part is equivalent to be surrounded by the shell of dividing plate, shell, base plate, rear board and front panel composition.Can play isolation big current strong electromagnetic, limit electromagnetic radiation, improves the effect of welding machine reliability.
From the controlling functions of annex interlock circuit, mainly complete the generation of power supply, pwm pulse width adjusting, IGBT pipe drived control and inversion, different welding method inverter circuit output parameter (electric current, voltage) control, welding method select and control, the work such as the regulation and control of wire feed rate.Final under the effect of control circuit, realize every control overflow of manual electric arc welding, argon arc welding, MIG/MAG gas guarantor weldering respectively.
The operation principle of welder circuit of the present invention is summarized as follows: as shown in accompanying drawing 1-4, power input line 22 is connected to 220V or 380V communication power supply, electric network source is connected by the S1 power switch 20 on welding machine rear board, from the alternating current that electrical network comes, after control circuit part, become galvanic current pressure+VCC.On the one hand, + VCC direct current supplies the half-bridge inversion circuit be made up of Q1 ~ Q4IGBT pipe, C6 ~ C7 electric capacity, TX inversion main transformer 39 and D1 ~ D12 fast recovery diode, L2 filter reactance 37, FLQ current divider etc., its function is mainly :+VCC high voltage direct current is converted to intermediate frequency (tens KHz) alternating current, and TX inversion main transformer 39 realizes the conversion of voltage step-down and High-current output; D1 ~ D12 fast recovery diode is then that the medium frequency alternating current that contravariant transformer exports is transformed to direct current, because the current waveform after its conversion is pulsation, unstable, is unfavorable for the stable of welding process, therefore, adopts current filter reactor L2 to carry out filtering; Like this, the current waveform of output will become stable, is conducive to obtaining high-quality weld seam.On the other hand, supply control circuit (one) part CON1 interface, by plug CON1, + VCC supplies its switching power circuit, see accompanying drawing 6, by T2 switching mode power supply transformer, Q31MOS pipe, D75 ~ D76 and D68 ~ D71 diode, the integrated pwm circuit of U13(UC3845) and U15, U17 ~ U18 integrated regulator, and the switching power circuit that the device such as resistance, electric capacity around them forms, produce the supply voltages such as+5V ,+20V ,+15V ,+24V ,-15V, supply the live line work such as other corresponding control circuit.About this part operation principle of Switching Power Supply, make a brief description here.Accompanying drawing 5 is schematic diagrams of Switching Power Supply.Managed and the armature winding of T2 switching mode power supply transformer by Q31MOS, and the built-up circuit such as D75 ~ D76 around them and D68 ~ D71 diode, a lot of resistance and electric capacity.Input power VCC is connected to control circuit part and exports high-voltage DC power supply.Thus, Switching Power Supply U13PWM control UC3845 and peripheral resistance, electric capacity composition circuit belong to high tension loop.For guaranteeing the safety of control circuit, in figure 5, the photoelectrical coupler that have employed U14 is isolated.The kernel control chip of Switching Power Supply pwm control circuit is U13, i.e. UC3845PWM pulse width regulator.The resistance of its periphery, electric capacity can set the relevant parameter of its work.As for how to determine, need relevant use data or the explanation of checking UC3845.Here no longer repeat.In a word, the pulse of 6 pin outputs of U13 chip is the driving pulse of certain operating frequency, and the Q31MOS pipe in accompanying drawing 5 can be made to be in break-make duty.In the voltage follower circuit part of T2 switching mode power supply transformer, obtain+5V ,+20V ,+15V ,+24V ,-15V ,-20V supply voltage respectively.The device and the circuit working that supply other use.Such as, supply operation and display control circuit interface CON5 and accompanying drawing 4 circuit; Supply the buffering that powers on, rectification, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter control circuit, see accompanying drawing 6 circuit; Control circuit such as supply wire feed and magnetic valve etc.; Supply fan control circuitry; The control circuits (see accompanying drawing 7 circuit part) such as supply inversion PWM and IGBT driving; Supply its output characteristics control circuit (see accompanying drawing 9 circuit part); Flowmeter heater power source control circuit (see accompanying drawing 11 circuit part) etc.In addition, from circuit and the schematic diagram of Switching Power Supply part, the present invention does not adopt general control transformer and relevant voltage conversion circuit to produce above-mentioned several supply voltage.Its circuit power taking is from+the VCC in major loop.The volume of switch transformer and size, weight are much smaller than general control transformer, and this just reduces the cost of welding machine of the present invention, improves the technical value added of welding machine.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the buffering that powers on of welding machine of the present invention, rectification, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter control circuit schematic diagram.+ 24V in accompanying drawing 6 is from switching power circuit; + VCC and-VCC is the output of control circuit in accompanying drawing 3, the DC bus-bar voltage namely in aforementioned semi-bridge inversion main circuit; AC1 and AC2 is exactly the power supply input terminal of welding machine of the present invention, i.e. the input power terminal of 220V or 380V.K1B is the contact of K1A relay.K1A pull up time lags behind power switch S1 and closes the moment.The circuit be made up of Q2 FET, D2 voltage-stabiliser tube, resistance R2 ~ R4 and electric capacity C1 etc. controls.In switching power circuit, after+24V produces, R2 and C1 also forms integrating circuit, has delays time to control effect, therefore K1A relay is deferred action.After the charging voltage on C13 ~ C20 partial electrolyte electric capacity in accompanying drawing 6 is stable, the just action of this relay.After action, the branch road of its contact closure RR1 ~ RR2 thermistor, when the normal inversion of welding machine of the present invention is worked, big current flows through from the contact K1B of relay.Such circuit, is called the buffer circuit that powers on.Mainly prevent power switch S1 from connecting moment, the electrochemical capacitor due to C13 ~ C20 part does not have voltage, is equivalent to short circuit, larger surge current can be formed, burn out power switch S1 contact.And the effect of the buffer circuit that powers on, the method that seals in RR1 ~ RR2 thermistor instantaneously by closing a floodgate exactly carrys out limit inrush currents.Further, the resistance of RR1 ~ RR2 thermistor, rises with its temperature and increases.Therefore, the buffer circuit that powers on can play good protective effect.Rectification circuit in accompanying drawing 6 is mainly realized by DB1 and DB2 rectifier.Can be pulsating direct current the exchange conversion of power supply by rectifier.In accompanying drawing 6, C13 ~ C20 electrochemical capacitor partly, the contact of J1B and J2B relay, the line bag of J1A and J2A relay and control circuit thereof then form voltage detecting, multiplication of voltage conversion and filtering and control.The power supply of welding machine of the present invention is 220V or 380V.1) when power supply is single-phase 380V, AC1 and AC2 is in comparatively high power supply voltage, and by the effect of supply voltage detection control circuit, VR1 can puncture.Lumination of light emitting diode in U1 and U2 optocoupler, the triode ON of its inside.Make Q4 triode ON, Q1 IGCT (SCR) conducting.Meanwhile, ZD2 voltage-stabiliser tube can not puncture, voltage stabilizing, the not conducting of Q6 triode, J1A and J2A relay is failure to actuate; ZD1 voltage-stabiliser tube can puncture, voltage stabilizing, and the 380V indicator lamp being connected to CN2 interface is lighted.Now, because J1A and J2A relay is failure to actuate, J1B and the J2B contact of relay does not close.Single-phase 380V is transformed to pulsating direct current signal by DB1 and DB2 rectifier.The electrochemical capacitor of rear class carries out filtering, makes+VCC and-VCC form galvanic current pressure.Supply the work of aforementioned semi-bridge inversion main circuit on the one hand.On the other hand, U4(TL431 is added to) control circuit of the device such as program control pipe composition.Because the DC voltage now between+VCC and-VCC is higher, U4(TL431) program control pipe conducting, make the lumination of light emitting diode in U3 optocoupler, the triode ON of its inside.D3 diode current flow, by its clamping action, makes the not conducting of Q6 triode, guarantees J1A and J2A relay and be failure to actuate, prevent their misoperations and burn out control circuit; 2) when power supply is 220V, AC1 and AC2 is in lower supply voltage, and by the effect of supply voltage detection control circuit, VR1 can not puncture.Light emitting diode in U1 and U2 optocoupler can not be luminous, the triode not conducting of its inside.Make Q4 triode not conducting or cut-off, Q1 IGCT (SCR) also can not conducting.Meanwhile, ZD2 voltage-stabiliser tube can puncture, voltage stabilizing, Q6 triode ON, J1A and the J2A actuating of relay; Make the 220V indicator lamp being connected to CN2 interface light simultaneously.Now, due to J1A and the J2A actuating of relay, J1B and the J2B contact closure of relay.220V is transformed to pulsating direct current signal by DB1 and DB2 rectifier.The electrochemical capacitor of rear class carries out multiplication of voltage conversion and filtering, makes+VCC and-VCC still form stable, higher DC voltage.Supply the work of aforementioned semi-bridge inversion main circuit on the one hand.On the other hand, U4(TL431 is added to) control circuit of the device such as program control pipe composition.Because the DC voltage now between+VCC and-VCC is relatively low, U4(TL431) the not conducting of program control pipe, make the light emitting diode in U3 optocoupler can not be luminous, the triode of its inside can not conducting.And Q5 triode ON, Q3 triode not conducting or cut-off.The not conducting of D3 diode, makes Q6 triode ON, guarantees J1A and the J2A actuating of relay reliable.In accompanying drawing 6, the effect of optocoupler U1 ~ U3 then mainly carries out electrical isolation the control circuit part of high tension loop and low pressure, guarantees stability and the reliability of control circuit work.
The integrated PWM chip of T1 driving transformer, U9 (SG3525A), Q18 ~ Q21 FET, Q9 ~ Q10 and Q13 ~ Q14 triode and diode (as D27 and D29), voltage-stabiliser tube (as D24 ~ D25), resistance (as R95, R40 ~ R41, R47 ~ R48), electric capacity (as C20, C24, C39, C42 and C45) around thereof, and the drive circuit control section of Q1 ~ Q2 and Q3 ~ Q4IGBT pipe in inverter main circuit in accompanying drawing 3, is formed near C1 ~ C4, the D1 ~ D4, R1 ~ R4 etc. of CON10.The two-way drive circuit form of Q1 ~ Q2, Q3 ~ Q4IGBT pipe is consistent substantially.Due to 11 pin of U9 chip (SG3525A) and 14 pin output pwm signal driving powers little, therefore need through Q9 ~ Q10 and Q13 ~ Q14, Q18 ~ Q21 FET, T1 driving transformer, and the Drive and Control Circuit of the composition such as the device of above-mentioned a lot of periphery carries out power amplification.The on-off duty of control Q1 ~ Q2 and Q3 ~ Q4IGBT pipe is gone again by T1 driving isolation transformer.In accompanying drawing 7, it is two groups of PWM square-wave pulse signals that 11 pin of U9 chip and 14 pin export control signal.Its side's wave frequency is fixing, has tens KHz.The resistance that it is connected by RT, CT pin of this chip and capacitance parameter (as R46 and C23 etc.) determine.Two prescription wave pulse signals have a regular time poor in time, also referred to as Dead Time in specialty.It is one of important parameter ensureing IGBT two groups of switch alternations.This time is determined by peripheral components (as R46 and the C23 etc.) optimum configurations of U9 chip.As for how to determine, check the relevant use data of U9 chip or illustrate and can understand.Here no longer repeat.Here it should be noted that: the pwm pulse bandwidth modulation signals that U9 chip exports is the signal determining welding machine inverter main circuit output voltage and size of current.Its pulse width depends on: 1) during manual welding (containing argon arc welding) state of a control, is jointly determined by welding current Setting signal and output current feedback signal.The object controlled or target are output current sizes.Time unloaded, feedback signal is very little.Control circuit produces the larger pwm pulse signal of a dutycycle, makes Q1 ~ Q2, Q3 ~ Q4 two groups of IGBT pipes are in alternating conductive state, finally make inverter main circuit output no-load voltage.When operator regulates the potentiometer of welding current on front panel, and when welding, control circuit, by FLQ current divider (300A/75mv), can detect output current signal.On the one hand, the output current signal of welding current table display is obtained.The display of current digital display list is realized under the effect of other control circuit (mainly the operation of accompanying drawing 4 part and display control circuit).On the other hand, the current signal detected, under the effect of other control circuit (mainly the control circuit of accompanying drawing 7 and 9 part), through process such as signal amplifications, and in this, as current feedback control signal, compares with welding current Setting signal.Difference signal relatively, carries out PI(ratio and integration) regulable control, its output control welding machine exported exports pulse width or the dutycycle of PWM chip, determines the size of welding machine output current and voltage, realizes the accurate control of output current parameter.And make the output characteristics of welding machine be the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.Say further, when welding current Setting signal is constant, the electric current detected along with welder circuit increases, and, after reaching given setting value, the difference of welding current Setting signal and current feedback control signal can be increased with electric current and reduce, after being controlled by PI, make welding machine export pulse width or the dutycycle reduction of PWM chip, the output voltage of welding machine reduces.This process, namely so-called Current cut-off negative feedback controls.Namely the FEEDBACK CONTROL just worked after electric current reaches the setting value of welding current potentiometer is only had.After this, along with the increase that electric current is small, voltage reduces can be a lot.When voltage drop is to below 16V, along with the reduction of voltage, control circuit can make welding machine export pulse width or the dutycycle increase of PWM chip, welding current is increased according to the parameter of setting, finally forms the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.When welding current Setting signal changes, Current cut-off negative feedback setting value is different, but other control procedure is similar.Like this, potentiometer setting minimum and maximum between, just can obtain without several negative characteristic curves.Such control is also meet the basic demand that manual electric arc welding (containing argon arc welding) connects.2), when gas protects weldering state of a control, jointly determined by weldingvoltage Setting signal and output voltage feedback signal etc.The object controlled or target are output voltage sizes.Negative voltage feedback PI is adopted to control.Time unloaded, control similar with manual welding, remain the pwm pulse width signal that output is larger, obtain floating voltage.After bringing onto load, then different with the control of manual welding.Gas protects weldering, and the output characteristics of welding machine controls to be flat characteristic, instead of the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.Be characterized in: load current changes greatly, and output voltage change is very little, keeps relative stability.Only have when voltage Setting signal changes, the voltage of output just there will be larger change.Above control procedure, is realized by corresponding control circuit.
L3 is a current detector, can detect in inverter main circuit, the primary current signal of main transformer.It exports the control circuit (see top-right part in accompanying drawing 9) that LPa and LPb delivers to the composition such as D31 ~ D32 and D36 ~ D37.Mainly check whether inverter main circuit dc bus over-current phenomenon avoidance occurs.If there is overcurrent, the overcurrent indicator lamp D67 in accompanying drawing 7 lights; Q15(SCR IGCT) conducting, the cathode potential of D30 diode is pulled low to low level (GND), and triode Q11 ends, Q12 conducting, the pwm signal that U9 chip 11 and 14 pin exports is closed, and the drive control signal of welding machine inverter main circuit IGBT is closed, and welding machine cuts out and exports.Meanwhile, the overheated indication light diode of panel is lighted, and OC/OT end also sends corresponding signal.
The control circuit parts such as inversion PWM and IGBT driving, it exports DriveA and DriveB, DriveD and DriveC and is respectively two groups of pwm pulse signals, goes the switching state controlling Q1 ~ Q2 and Q3 ~ Q4 two groups of IGBT switches in inverter main circuit respectively.The input Setting signal that the pulse width of this pwm signal is put by " 12 " in accompanying drawing 7 controls.Export with or without pwm signal, then depend on " 6 " in accompanying drawing 7, " 7 " and " in fact the signal of 9 control be exactly overcurrent or the control such as overheated.Such as, the signal that in accompanying drawing 3, CON4 connects is heat alarm Tc, is namely connected to temperature protector.And temperature protector is close on the aluminium alloy heat radiator (30) of IGBT.When temperature protector is overheated, show main power device generation superheating phenomenon.Now, in accompanying drawing 9, Tc current potential is pulled low to low level (GND), and meanwhile, OC end sends corresponding signal to display circuit, and panel overheated instruction D10 light emitting diode is lighted, and control circuit will cut out pwm signal.Prevent welding machine from burning out because of overheated.Under the effect of (being connected to CON13 interface) cooling blower, after when aluminium alloy heat radiator (30), temperature dropped to a certain extent, the superheating phenomenon of welding machine inside is eliminated, and when thermal protector recovers, control circuit could continue output pwm control signal.Overheating indicator lamp (yellow) extinguishes simultaneously.Which achieves welding machine overtemperature protection.When closing pwm signal, welding machine is output voltage or electric current not, makes Q1 ~ Q2 and Q3 ~ Q4 two groups of IGBT switches in inverter main circuit be in off state.
Operation and display control circuit, be positioned on display circuit board (42).U2 chip (GC7139C) control voltage display charactron.Its input UDP signal magnitude decides the display data of voltmeter.RV1 is the correction trimmer potentiometer of voltage display data and virtual voltage data.U1 chip (GC7139C) controls electric current display charactron.Its input IDP signal magnitude decides the display data of ammeter.RV4, RV5 are the correction trimmer potentiometer of voltage, electric current display data and actual current data respectively.MMA/EN protects weldering (MIG/MAG) welding method select button S1 function circuit by manual welding (MMA)/gas and controls to determine.Its circuit is by U3(CD4013) chip, triode and button S1, and the composition such as the resistance of periphery, electric capacity.This control circuit, the control default conditions that welding machine is started shooting after powering are: MMA/EN is low level, and namely MIG/MAG gas protects weldering state of a control.Meanwhile, Q6 triode ON, D3 light emitting diode MIG/MAG indicator lamp is lighted.Afterwards, when a pressing S1 button, MMA/EN becomes high level, and meanwhile, Q4 triode ON, D4 light emitting diode MMA indicator lamp is lighted.Again press S1, then state can overturn again.2T/4T arc welding gun switch operator scheme selection circuit and said method selection circuit similar, not do not give out in figure.4T/EN state is controlled to determine by 2T/4T arc welding gun switch operator scheme select button function circuit.Its circuit is by U4 chip (CD4013), triode Q6 and button S2, and the composition such as the resistance of periphery, electric capacity.This control circuit, the control default conditions that welding machine is started shooting after powering are: 4T/EN is low level, and namely MIG/MAG gas protects weldering 4T state of a control.Light emitting diode 4T indicator lamp is lighted simultaneously.Afterwards, when a pressing S2 button, 4T/EN becomes high level, and meanwhile, light emitting diode 2T indicator lamp is lighted.Again press S2, then state can overturn again.Whether the OC/OT signal deciding from the control circuits such as inversion PWM and IGBT driving (being also shown in shown in accompanying drawing 7) overheating indicator lamp D10 and is lighted.RV1 is that voltage is given, Ug and UgL is connected to the given potentiometer of this voltage.RV2 is given value of current, Ig and IgL is connected to this given value of current potentiometer.RV3 is that inductance is given, di/dtb and di/dta is connected to the given potentiometer of this inductance, and its relevant circuit is equivalent to electronic inductor, can change the characteristic of welding arc, splatter when improving appearance of weld and reduce welding.Ich signal can affect unit of display indicator lamp and the ammeter decimal point state of current digital display table.Such as, under manual welding.Now, MMA/EN becomes high level, Q4 triode ON, and D4MMA indicator lamp is lighted.D9 indicator lamp is also bright, and " V " unit indicator lamp is lighted.Q3 triode ON, D7 light emitting diode " A " unit indicator lamp is lighted.Display circuit part, two digital tube portions display translation voltage and current value respectively.If not welding, then the data of IDP and UDP can make the preset welding current of Circuit display and floating voltage.If welded condition, then can make Circuit display actual welding electric current and weldingvoltage.In manual welding state, " D5 " m/min indicator lamp can not be lighted.Under gas protects weldering, the result of control can be just that " D5 " m/min indicator lamp is lighted.About other control, everybody can carry out analyzing and understanding by combined circuit figure.
Accompanying drawing 9, the output characteristics control circuit part of 10, mainly according to the given potentiometer of voltage (relevant to Ug and UgL), electric current or the given potentiometer of wire feed (relevant to Ig), the set-point of the given potentiometer of inductance (relevant to di/dtb and di/dta), and have selected manual welding (containing argon arc welding) or gas and protect weldering (relevant to MMA/EN etc.), also have from output loop current divider FLQ(300A/75mv) current feedback signal If-and If+, voltage feedback signal Uf+, and from signal and the state such as P/MMA of the control circuit such as wire feed and magnetic valve (see accompanying drawing 8 circuit part), determine that welding machine is no-output voltage or electric current (to close pwm signal relevant with overheated or over-current signal Tc etc.), still output voltage or electric current is had (to have pwm signal to export, relevant with input Setting signal that " 12 " in accompanying drawing 7 put etc.), display preset electric current and voltage parameter, or the situation such as the actual electric current of display and voltage parameter (relevant with Ich, SWLOCK level controling signal etc.)." Voltage " signal, from the voltage feedback signal of reality, is through operational amplifier U1D and peripheral circuit process thereof, represents actual output voltage size; " Current " signal, from the current feedback signal of reality, is through operational amplifier U1A and peripheral circuit process thereof, represents actual output voltage size.U5 chip (CD4053) is multi-channel electronic switch.The data mainly controlling to show are unloaded and preset parameters, or the weldingvoltage of reality and current data.Such as, when Ich, MMA/EN1, SWLOCK level controling signal state makes 3 pin of U5C and 4 pin connect, the data that IDP exports are " Current " signals, i.e. the actual size of current exported.Meanwhile, 13 pin of U5A and 14 pin are also on-states, and the data that UDP exports are " Voltage " signals, i.e. the actual voltage swing exported.Otherwise when 5 pin and 4 pin of U5C connect (meanwhile, 15 pin and 2 pin of U5B are also connected), the data that IDP exports are the signals from " Ig ", i.e. preset given size of current.Similarly, when 12 pin of U5A and 14 pin are in on-state, UDP export data from " Ug " signal, i.e. preset given voltage swing.MMA/EN level state, before mention, to have selected manual welding or gas protect weld relevant.When selecting MIG/MAG gas to protect weldering, MMA/EN is low level; When selecting manual welding, MMA/EN is high level.As can be seen from accompanying drawing 9, when MMA/EN is high level, MMA/EN1 is+24V high level.Otherwise when gas protects weldering, MMA/EN1 is then low level.Under gas protects weldering, because MMA/EN1 is low level, triode Q22 ends, the lumination of light emitting diode of U12 optocoupler, and its inner triode ON, makes the input signal of R83, namely this road invalidating signal of given value of current.Namely during gas guarantor weldering, Ig potentiometer is inoperative.Under manual welding state, P/EN is high level, can make triode Q23 conducting, and by the clamp of D55 and D56 diode, make Ug1 point current potential be pulled to comparatively low level, namely its effect is: during manual welding, Ug potentiometer is inoperative.
In accompanying drawing 9,10, the input Setting signal that " 12 " in control circuit block diagram put is the signal determining welding machine inverter main circuit output voltage and size of current.Its pulse width depends on: 1) during manual welding, is jointly determined by welding current Setting signal Ig and output current feedback signal If-and If+ etc.The object controlled or target are output current sizes.Time unloaded, feedback signal is very little.Control circuit produces the larger pwm pulse signal of a dutycycle, makes Q1 ~ Q2, Q3 ~ Q4 two groups of IGBT are in maximum conducting state, finally make inverter main circuit output no-load voltage.When operator regulates the given electric current of Ig and welds, control circuit detects output current If-and If+ feedback signal by FLQ current divider (300A/75mv).After U1A and peripheral circuit process thereof, on the one hand, be the output current signal that " Current " obtains the display of welding current table by circuit conversion, and realize the display of current digital display list.On the other hand, the current feedback signal after detecting amplification and the given Ig signal of welding current compare.Difference signal relatively, through current PI (proportional+integral) control circuit that rear class operational amplifier U2B etc. forms, its output control welding machine exported exports pulse width or the dutycycle of PWM chip, determine the size of welding machine output current and voltage, realize the accurate control of output current parameter.And make the output characteristics of welding machine be the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.Say further, when welding current given Ig signal is constant, along with the current feedback If-detected and If+ signal increase, and after reaching the setting value of given Ig, the difference of welding current Setting signal and current feedback control signal can increase with electric current and reduce, after controlling, make welding machine export pwm pulse width or dutycycle reduction, the output voltage of welding machine reduces.This process, namely so-called Current cut-off negative feedback controls.Namely the FEEDBACK CONTROL just worked after electric current reaches the setting value of welding current potentiometer is only had.After this, along with the increase that electric current is small, voltage reduces can be a lot.When voltage drop is to below 16V, along with the reduction of voltage, control circuit can make welding machine export pulse width or the dutycycle increase of PWM chip, welding current is increased according to the parameter of setting, finally forms the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.When welding current Setting signal changes, Current cut-off negative feedback setting value is different, but other control procedure is similar.Like this, potentiometer setting minimum and maximum between, just can obtain without several negative characteristic curves.Such control is also meet the basic demand that manual electric arc welding (containing argon arc welding) connects.2), when gas protects weldering state of a control, jointly determined by the given Ug signal of weldingvoltage and output voltage feedback signal Uf etc.The object controlled or target are output voltage sizes.The circuit adopting operational amplifier U1C etc. to form carries out negative voltage feedback PI control.Time unloaded, control similar with manual welding, remain the pwm pulse width signal that output is larger, obtain floating voltage.After bringing onto load, then different with the control of manual welding.Gas protects weldering, and the output characteristics of welding machine controls to be flat characteristic, instead of the dropping characteristic of dragging outside constant current band.Be characterized in: load current changes greatly, and output voltage change is very little, keeps relative stability.Only have when voltage Setting signal changes, the voltage of output just there will be larger change.Above control procedure, is realized by corresponding control circuit.As can be seen from accompanying drawing 9, change the set-point of the given potentiometer of inductance, di/dtb and di/dta can change, and finally can change the characteristic of welding arc.
For the control circuit part such as wire feed and magnetic valve of accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 8, there is+5V ,+15V ,+24V voltage its supply voltage interface section.Also have the arc welding gun switch signal SWA from welding machine front panel and SWB(CON2 socket.When gas protects weldering, by pressing arc welding gun switch SW1, wire feed can be realized, supplies gas, the control such as welding process); The GAS signal (CON14 interface, when GAS interface end level is low, is connected to the electromagnetic gas valve action of CON14, can realize protecting the break-make of gas to control) of Controlling solenoid valve; The control signal MOT-of wire feeding motor and MOT+(CON3 interface, when having output voltage when between these two terminals, connect the wire feeding motor running of so far interface, can realize wire feed and control); The parts such as given value of current signal (relevant to Ig and IgL) and 2T/4T state control signal.U7A is CD4013 chip; U6 is CD40106B chip.MOT+ and MOT-interface is connected to the wire feeding motor that rated voltage is 24V.Wire feeding motor belongs to a part of wire-feed motor in accompanying drawing 1.When wire feeding motor rotates, welding wire is driven to be transported to welding gun.Realize the wire feed action when welding wire before welding is installed and welded.
In accompanying drawing 8, wire feed control U8 chip TL494 is pwm pulse width modulator.The devices such as a lot of diodes, resistance and electric capacity are with outside it.Its 8 and 11 pin output produces the square-wave pulse signal of fixed frequency.Frequency and Dead Time are determined by R7 and C6.The pwm control signal that 8 pin of U8 and 11 pin export goes control Q2MOS to manage after the circuit that D11 and D12, Q1, Q2 etc. form.By the make-and-break time of control Q2MOS pipe, thus control the rotating speed of wire feeding motor.The width of PWM control impuls is determined by given wire feed rate value Ig.Change given size and can change pulsewidth, the final size changing wire feed rate.D14 diode group is fly-wheel diode, eliminates the back-emf of wire feeding motor to the adverse effect of Q2.The control circuit of the device compositions such as R12, Q3MOS pipe, forms the dynamic braking control circuit of wire feeding motor.When the input (13 pin) of U6F is for low level, the output (12 pin) of U6F exports high level.Now, Q3 conducting, connects resistance R12, the energy that motor winding stores is discharged quickly through R12, thus wire feeding motor is stopped operating fast.Like this, welding wire is just unlikely and can stretches out welding gun head gas shield cover too much, the normal operating of impact welding.
In accompanying drawing 8, when gas protects weldering control, SWLOCK is low level.1 pin of U6A, 2 pin, 4 pin level control by arc welding gun switch SWA and SWB state and 2T/4T level state.When selecting 2T welding gun mode of operation, 2T/4T level is high level.Now triode Q7 conducting, the cathode potential of D17 diode be pulled low to low level " ".The clamping action of D17, makes 5 pin of U6C be low level, 6 pin of U6C, and namely the 4 pin R(of U7A reset) hold as high level.The 1 pin Q output of U7A is low level.Now, if arc welding gun switch SWA and SWB closes, then 1 pin of U6A becomes low level, and 2 pin become high level, and 4 pin become low level.The high level of 2 pin makes 12 pin of U6F be low level, and FET Q3 can not conducting, and wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit disconnects.Meanwhile, the negative electrode of D7 is high level, makes GAS/EN be high level on the one hand, on the other hand; make Q5 conducting, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 puncture, voltage stabilizing, the conducting of Q4 FET; GAS terminal connection+24V, electromagnetic gas valve action, the weld zone that protective gas can be made to be transported to welding gun termination is protected.Owing to there being the given Ig of wire feed, under the effect of TL494 and peripheral circuit thereof, the square-wave pulse pwm control signal that 8 and 11 pin of TL494 export goes control Q2MOS to manage after the circuit that D11 and D12, Q1, Q2 etc. form.By the make-and-break time of control Q2MOS pipe, thus control the rotating speed of wire feeding motor.Afterwards, electric arc is ignited, and welding process starts to carry out.In welding process, the width of PWM control impuls is determined by given wire feed rate value Ig.Change given size and can change pulsewidth, the final size changing wire feed rate.In fact be exactly the size changing welding current.After unclamping arc welding gun switch, 1 pin of U6A becomes high level, and 2 pin become low level, and 4 pin of U6B become high level.The low level of 2 pin makes 12 pin of U6F be high level, FET Q3 conducting, and wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit is connected, and wire feeding motor does not rotate, and stops wire feed.Meanwhile, the negative electrode of D7 is low level, on the one hand makes GAS/EN be low level, on the other hand, Q5 is ended, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 can not puncture, voltage stabilizing, and the not conducting of Q4 FET, GAS terminal can not connect+24V, and electromagnetic gas valve is failure to actuate, and protective gas cannot be carried.
In accompanying drawing 8, when selecting 4T welding gun mode of operation, 2T/4T level is low level.Q7 triode ends.Ich and ICS is the control signal by obtaining after current detecting and control circuit.When welding machine has electric current to export, Ich terminal is high level.When welding machine output current being detected, and when electric current is greater than certain value, ICS is low level.Now, if arc welding gun switch SWA and SWB closes, then 1 pin of U6A becomes low level, and 2 pin become high level, and 4 pin become low level.The high level of 2 pin makes 12 pin of U6F be low level, and FET Q3 can not conducting, and wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit disconnects.Meanwhile, the negative electrode of D7 is high level, makes GAS/EN be high level on the one hand, on the other hand; make Q5 conducting, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 puncture, voltage stabilizing, the conducting of Q4 FET; GAS terminal connection+24V, electromagnetic gas valve action, the weld zone that protective gas can be made to be transported to welding gun termination is protected.Owing to there being the given Ig of wire feed, under the effect of TL494 and peripheral circuit thereof, the square-wave pulse pwm control signal that 8 and 11 pin of TL494 export goes control Q2MOS to manage after the circuit that D11 and D12, Q1, Q2 etc. form.By the make-and-break time of control Q2MOS pipe, thus control the rotating speed of wire feeding motor.Electric arc is ignited afterwards, and welding process starts to carry out.Ich terminal is high level.5 pin of U6C are high level, 6 pin of U6C, and namely 4 pin (R reset terminal) of U7A are low level.After unclamping arc welding gun switch, 1 pin of U6A becomes high level, and 2 pin of U6A become low level, and 4 pin of U6B become high level.Make the CLK end of U7A produce rising edge pulse, make the Q end of U7A export high level.Make 12 pin of U6F be low level, FET Q3 not conducting, wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit disconnects, and wire feeding motor rotates, and proceeds wire feed.The negative electrode of D7 is high level simultaneously, makes GAS/EN be high level on the one hand, and make Q5 conducting on the other hand, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 punctures, voltage stabilizing, the conducting of Q4 FET, GAS terminal connection+24V, and electromagnetic gas valve continues to keep action, and protective gas continues conveying.When after the arc welding gun switch that again closes, 1 pin of U6A becomes low level, and 2 pin of U6A become high level, and 4 pin of U6B become low level.The CLK end of U7A is made to produce trailing edge pulse.Because welding current still exists, Ich is high level, and 5 pin of U6C are high level, and its 6 pin level is also that the R reset terminal level of U7A continues to keep low level.This just makes the output Q of U7A end still keep original high level state.Make 12 pin of U6F be low level, FET Q3 not conducting, wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit disconnects, and wire feeding motor rotates, and proceeds wire feed.The negative electrode of D7 is high level simultaneously, makes GAS/EN be high level on the one hand, and make Q5 conducting on the other hand, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 punctures, voltage stabilizing, the conducting of Q4 FET, GAS terminal connection+24V, and electromagnetic gas valve continues to keep action, and protective gas continues conveying.After again unclamping arc welding gun switch, 1 pin of U6A becomes high level, and 2 pin of U6A become low level, and 4 pin of U6B become high level.The CLK end of U7A is made to produce rising edge pulse.Because welding current still exists, Ich remains high level, and 5 pin of U6C remain high level, and its 6 pin level is also that the R reset terminal level of U7A continues to keep low level.The Q of U7A is held exporting by high level upset is low level.Make 12 pin of U6F be high level, FET Q3 conducting, wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit is connected, and wire feeding motor stops operating, and wire feed stops.The negative electrode of D7 is low level simultaneously, makes GAS/EN be low level on the one hand, and on the other hand Q5 is ended, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 can not puncture, voltage stabilizing, the not conducting of Q4 FET, and GAS terminal can not connect+24V, and electromagnetic gas valve stops action, and protective gas stops conveying.Welding process terminates.
See accompanying drawing 8, crawl wire feed controls: when selection MIG/MAG gas protects weldering, and when pressing the crawl wire feed button SW2 in accompanying drawing 3, when SS/EN terminal connects+15V high level, carry out the operation of crawl wire feed.Now, 13 pin of U6F are high level, and 12 pin are low level, and FET Q3 can not conducting, and wire feeding motor energy-dissipating brake circuit disconnects.Meanwhile, the negative electrode of D7 is low level, on the one hand makes GAS/EN be low level, on the other hand, makes Q5 not conducting, voltage-stabiliser tube D15 can not puncture, voltage stabilizing, and the not conducting of Q4 FET, GAS terminal cannot connect+24V, and electromagnetic gas valve is failure to actuate, and protective gas cannot be carried.Owing to having voltage to be added to R25 by D22 diode.Now, the given setting value of certain wire feed is had to be input to the IN-input of TL494, under the effect of TL494 and peripheral circuit thereof, 8 and 11 pin of TL494 export certain square-wave pulse pwm control signal, after the circuit of the composition such as D11 and D12, Q1, Q2, go control Q2MOS to manage.By the make-and-break time of control Q2MOS pipe, thus make wire feeding motor according to the control rotational speed of setting, drive welding wire to send to.Thus realize the process control of crawl wire feed.The operation of crawl wire feed can make welding wire stretch out certain length from welding gun head, about about 10mm.During crawl wire feed, magnetic valve is failure to actuate, welding machine also not output voltage or electric current.Crawl wire feed controls mainly to be convenient to user installation welding wire in welding gun.The speed of crawl wire feed is not very fast, because too fast wire feed, is not easy to the installation of welding wire.Usually, wire feed rate when being less than welding is a lot.
See accompanying drawing 9,10, gage of wire is selected to control: when selection MIG/MAG gas protects weldering, and when 0.8/1.0 terminal connects+15V high level, carry out gage of wire and select to control.From accompanying drawing 8, when 0.8/1.0 terminal is connected with when disconnecting+15V high level, what it changed is the size of the IN-input end signal of TL494.Two states, different wire feed rate set-points is added to the IN-input of TL494.That is, the rotating speed of wire feeding motor can be made to change.As everyone knows, thin wire melting is fast, and the wire feed rate of requirement is also thereupon larger.Otherwise thick wire melting is slow, wire feed rate is just corresponding wants slow.The selection of gage of wire controls, and exactly for meeting the circuit that above-mentioned requirements sets, is the good control mode of one that thickness wire bond connection control circuit is better adapted to.
In accompanying drawing 8, when manual welding controls, SWLOCK is high level.1 pin of U6A can be made to be high level, and 2 pin are low level, and 4 pin are high level.Control as a result, wire feeding motor does not rotate, electromagnetic gas valve is failure to actuate.Its control procedure, reader can analyze voluntarily.Some before having had are analyzed and illustrate, we just do not describe in detail here.
Seeing shown in accompanying drawing 11, is CO2 gas flowmeter heater power source control circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.This heater power source control circuit, by FET Q1, diode D1, integrating control chip U1, voltage-stabiliser tube D3, also has the compositions such as some resistance, electric capacity, protective tube.Itself J1 and J2 connecting terminals is connected to gas and protects between the output of welding machine when welding.Itself J3 and J4 connecting terminals is connected to the heater that gas protects CO2 gas flowmeter when welding, and exports as power supply.The D.C. regulated power supply that voltage-stabiliser tube D3 produces is as the working power of U1.When the output signal that U1 produces makes FET Q1 conducting, J3 and J4 terminal has power supply to export.Gas connects the CO2 gas flowmeter heater work of so far power supply when protecting weldering, make CO2 gas obtain heating, remove moisture, better for welding protection.If heater breaks down, as heating resistor short circuit, then protective tube F1 can be made to blow, thus protect this control circuit.
It is more than the concise and to the point control procedure explanation of each circuit board section of the present invention and different welding method.Because setting forth circuit theory more complicated.Below thought and the result of control is only provided.But because the present invention has given detailed circuit schematic diagram, therefore for the people having circuit reading ability (or possessing interlock circuit knowledge), can understand completely.Circuit diagram is also a kind of noiseless language.But for not having the people of circuit reading ability (or not possessing interlock circuit knowledge), even if explanation is many again, they are also elusive.In view of the relation of length, patent specification can only set forth main part, understands relevant operation principle and process better to enable patent specification reader.
Visible by above-mentioned explanation, the present invention has mentality of designing and the method for oneself uniqueness.Not only can realize the controls such as the different welding method outputs of welding machine, and, designed control circuit and the structural design of welding machine, being all make welding machine product of the present invention have the basic reason place of the technical advantages such as control performance is good, machine structure is compact, is also the important leverage meeting the efficient and low-cost production of product, high reliability, manufacturing process technology advance.The content of patent application protection of the present invention is just structure and the circuit design of protecting this welding machine.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete machine structure and circuit board and controlling functions detailed description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is only limited to these explanations.Concerning the others skilled in the art of technical field of the present invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some other deduction and conversion, these all should be considered as the category belonging to the present invention's protection.

Claims (5)

1. a 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine, comprise housing and inner control circuit board, it is characterized in that: housing comprises housing parts, rear board part, front-facing portion, bottom parts, inner control circuit board comprise master board and end control panel, and enclosure interior is also provided with wire-feeding part in addition; Described rear board part is provided with: the gas joint of power supply air switch, empty spending frame, 36V heater socket, power supply line, wire fixer, cooling fan, protection gas or suction nozzle and electromagnetic gas valve; 36V heater socket is used for powering to CO2 gas flowmeter, with dry gas; Described front-facing portion is provided with: European welding gun interface module, export snap joint holder assembly, operation and display control panel, electric current and wire feed rate regulator potentiometer, voltage-regulation potentiometer, adjustment of inductance potentiometer; Operation and display control panel are designed with manual welding and electrogas process switching button and status indicator lamp thereof, gas protects and weld arc welding gun switch 2T or 4T patten transformation button and status indicator lamp, overtemperature protection status indicator lamp, electric current and wire feed rate adjusting knob, voltage-regulation knob and adjustment of inductance knob; Described bottom parts is containing the foot pad of welding machine, support and heating plate; Described master board comprises control circuit, wire-feeding control circuit, solenoid valve control circuit and the output characteristics control circuits such as inverter main circuit, switching power circuit, inversion PWM and IGBT driving, and between each circuit, circuit connects; Described wire-feeding part comprises wire reel axle, wire feeder, European gas guarantor weldering welding gun interface and wire-feeding control circuit during gas shielded arc welding; wire feeder and wire feeding disc axle are arranged on enclosure interior dividing plate; wire feeder is near welding machine front panel, and wire feeder and the European gas that front panel is installed are protected and welded welding gun interface and carry out corresponding connection.
2. a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described inverter main circuit comprises the buffer circuit that powers on, input rectifying, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter circuit, four single tube IGBT and radiator thereof, brachium pontis electric capacity, inversion main transformer, exports rectification fast recovery diode and radiator, filter reactance.
3. a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described buffering that powers on, rectification, multiplication of voltage conversion and filter control circuit part, by three relays and contact thereof, three photoelectrical couplers, program control pipes, also has some triodes, diode, voltage-stabiliser tube, resistance and electric capacity composition.
4. a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described control circuit board comprises master board, display circuit board, end control panel, heating plate, the device in circuit board front is the electronic devices and components of plug-in type or parts mainly, mainly adopt automatic and artificial plug-in unit, the mode of welding carrys out completing circuit plate and process; And the mainly SMD electronic devices and components of the device of back of circuit board or parts, all adopt the mode of automatic chip mounting and welding to carry out the processing of completing circuit plate.
5. a kind of 220V and 380V dual power supply IGBT inversion multifunctional welding machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: enclosure interior passes through dividing plate, the mechanical part of welding machine and inner control circuit plate portion are separated, control circuit part is equivalent to be surrounded by the shell of dividing plate, shell, base plate, rear board and front panel composition, isolation big current strong electromagnetic can be played, limit electromagnetic radiation, improves welding machine reliability.
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CN106975820A (en) * 2017-03-27 2017-07-25 朱宣辉 A kind of three phase mains IGBT single-tube contravariant manual arc welders
CN106975821A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-25 朱宣辉 A kind of IGBT inverter type welders with floating voltage and a variety of protection control functions
CN107160009A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-15 朱宣东 A kind of logical IGBT inverter type welders with a variety of protections and control function of the whole network
CN107538144A (en) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-05 上海安莱德汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of Multi-functional suspension welding machine for auto parts welding
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WO2018040786A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 南通富力机电设备有限责任公司 Multifunctional digital inverter welder
CN109066961A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-21 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 A kind of welding machine dual power supply handover control system and method
CN109396607A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-01 浙江肯得机电股份有限公司 A kind of inversion multifunctional welding machine
CN109570832A (en) * 2018-11-24 2019-04-05 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 A kind of comparison control method with key welding gun operation mode
CN110216355A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-09-10 上海米勒焊接设备有限公司 A kind of the multifunctional welding machine control circuit and method of automatic anti-high-frequency and high-voltage breakdown
CN111001904A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-14 浙江肯得机电股份有限公司 IGBT contravariant airless protection welding machine
CN111745259A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-09 温岭阿凡达机电有限公司 Four-machine integrated welding machine control method and system
CN111992847A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-27 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 Control method and device for wide-voltage multifunctional arc welding machine and storage medium thereof

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CN107538144A (en) * 2016-06-29 2018-01-05 上海安莱德汽车零部件有限公司 A kind of Multi-functional suspension welding machine for auto parts welding
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CN106975821A (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-07-25 朱宣辉 A kind of IGBT inverter type welders with floating voltage and a variety of protection control functions
CN107160009A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-15 朱宣东 A kind of logical IGBT inverter type welders with a variety of protections and control function of the whole network
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CN109570832A (en) * 2018-11-24 2019-04-05 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 A kind of comparison control method with key welding gun operation mode
CN109396607A (en) * 2018-12-05 2019-03-01 浙江肯得机电股份有限公司 A kind of inversion multifunctional welding machine
CN109396607B (en) * 2018-12-05 2024-01-19 浙江肯得机电股份有限公司 Inversion multifunctional welding machine
CN110216355A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-09-10 上海米勒焊接设备有限公司 A kind of the multifunctional welding machine control circuit and method of automatic anti-high-frequency and high-voltage breakdown
CN111001904A (en) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-14 浙江肯得机电股份有限公司 IGBT contravariant airless protection welding machine
CN111745259A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-09 温岭阿凡达机电有限公司 Four-machine integrated welding machine control method and system
CN111992847A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-11-27 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 Control method and device for wide-voltage multifunctional arc welding machine and storage medium thereof
CN111992847B (en) * 2020-08-27 2024-05-31 上海沪工焊接集团股份有限公司 Control method and device for wide-voltage multifunctional arc welder and storage medium thereof

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Denomination of invention: A 220 V and 380 V dual power IGBT inverter multifunctional welding machine

Effective date of registration: 20210705

Granted publication date: 20170308

Pledgee: Bank of Taizhou Co.,Ltd. Luqiao New Street sub branch

Pledgor: ZHEJIANG KENDE MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL Co.,Ltd.

Registration number: Y2021330000802

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