CN209465813U - A kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding and manual arc welder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding and manual arc welder, welding machine mainly by inverter main circuit, output filtering, Switching Power Supply, IGBT drives, current detecting and rectifying conversion, Thermal protection detect and control, given value of current, solenoid valve control, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion and control and its current correction, striking current control, output characteristics control 11 functional circuits and form；Board design is two pieces.Small control panel is connected on big control panel；Poor fractions are output characteristics control circuit, the utility model uses the primary turns for converting main transformer under microprocessor digital control, hardware and software interference protection measure, input voltage automatic identification, low input and exports the corrected new solution of electric current to welding machine, preferably solves the problems, such as welding machine reliability.

Description

A kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding and manual arc welder

Technical field

The utility model relates to the design methods of a kind of single-phase argon arc welding of multi-power source voltage contravariant and manual arc welder.Belong to Inverter type welder technical field.

Background technique

Currently, contravariant argon arc welding and the competition in manual metal-arc welding dual-purpose machine product market are very fierce, it is not only embodied in technology Advance and advantage on, also depend greatly on welding machine function and design etc..

On domestic and international market, small-sized metal-oxide-semiconductor, IGBT pipe contravariant argon arc welding and the manual metal-arc welding two of a variety of input supply voltages It is usually differed in 80 ~ 250A(cyclic duration factor 15 ~ 100% with the rated current of machine).Different products, control circuit principle, The design of board structure of circuit and complete machine structure is different.Also, in terms of the reliability of product, there is also biggish differences. Some product reliability are excessively poor, almost 100% repair rate.Some products, though without so high repair rate, nearly half Product break down.To this problem, user has strong complaints, product complain it is very much, what user was difficult to receive.Pass through market survey It was found that the main reason for causing such product failure problem is: under different input supply voltages, the voltage automatic identification of welding machine and Conversion control circuit work is unreliable, and the control program used is: using analog control circuit, utilizes relay switching control The multiplication of voltage of main circuit is realized at a low input voltages, and small, output electric current is wanted come input current when reaching low input with this Want big purpose.But since control circuit and controlling plan design are unreasonable, cause control failure and welder fault very serious The problem of.Therefore, how the above problem is resolved, develops the better welding machine of performance, be that many people of welding machine profession are closed jointly Note.This is also the utility model problem to be solved.The utility model is using microprocessor digital control, hardware and software The primary turns of main transformer are converted under interference protection measure, input voltage automatic identification, low input and electricity is exported to welding machine Corrected new solution is flowed, preferably solves the problems, such as welding machine reliability.

Utility model content

The power supply of the utility model welding machine is single-phase 110~120V or 220V~240V, has argon arc welding and hand The function of two kinds of welding methods of arc-welding, and meet Product Safety detection and authentication requesting.Welder circuit plate is designed as two pieces. Small control panel is welded on big control panel.Circuit on small control panel is mainly output characteristics control circuit, and core is by 3846 Pwm pulse width modulated chip and its peripheral components composition.Entire control circuit is mainly by inverter main circuit, output filtered electrical Road, switching power circuit, IGBT drive circuit, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, Thermal protection detect and control circuit, electric current Given circuit, solenoid valve control circuit, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and 11 its current correction circuit, striking current control circuit, output characteristics control circuit functional circuit compositions.Finally controlling Under the action of circuit, realizes two kinds of welding methods of argon arc welding and manual metal-arc welding of welding machine under different input supply voltages, meets safety Property performance detection and certification etc. require.

A kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: welding machine includes shell, below Plate, the argon inlet mouth for connecting solenoid valve, argon arc welding/manual metal-arc welding function switch, front panel, black and red output are quick Connector holder assembly and control panel；Settable ammeter, voltmeter on front panel；Entire control panel, which is stood, is mounted on welding machine bottom plate On；Control panel is divided into two pieces, and small control panel is directly welded on big control panel by plug-in unit, with regard to nothing between such circuit board It need to be attached using other connecting lines；Control circuit on circuit board includes inverter main circuit, output filter circuit, switch electricity Source circuit, IGBT drive circuit, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, Thermal protection detect and control circuit, given value of current circuit, Solenoid valve control circuit, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its current correction 11 circuit, striking current control circuit, output characteristics control circuit functional circuits；Wherein the output characteristics of welding machine controls electricity Road is laid out on small control panel；Other control circuits are then laid out on big control panel；Front-facing portion is equipped with: preceding plastic cover Plate, negative polarity output quick coupling holder assembly, positive polarity output quick coupling holder assembly, the argon gas outlet for connecting argon-arc welding gun Mouth, working power indicator light and Thermal protection status indicator lamp, electric current output adjusting potentiometer, the polar two groups of output of negative and positive are quick Workpiece clamp cable and welding clamp cable are separately connected when connector holder assembly, manual electric arc welding.The utility model welding machine, due to having Good control performance, safety and reliability, thus welding machine has better market adaptability.Its good circuit and its structure Design is also the advantage place of the utility model, and meets high efficiency and low cost production, high reliability, manufacturing technology advance Important leverage.Circuit theory, circuit board and the complete machine structure design of the utility model welding machine have the unique distinction of oneself.This reality The circuit for protecting this welding machine and structure design are that with the content that new patent application is protected.

The utility model relates to the design method of a kind of single-phase argon arc welding of multi-power source voltage contravariant and manual arc welder, welding machines Power supply be single-phase 110~120V or 220V~240V.Have the function of argon arc welding and manual arc soldering method, and And meet Product Safety performance detection and authentication requesting.

The components installed on the front panel of the utility model welding machine mainly have: positive and negative two groups of output quick coupling seat group The parts such as part, working power indicator light (white), Thermal protection status indicator lamp (yellow), output current regulation potentiometer.

The components installed on the rear panel of the utility model welding machine mainly have: power switch, band plug power supply line, The parts such as cooling blower.Cold wind is carried out from the air inlet at welding machine case rear portion.It can make some heating devices or zero on circuit board Component has good cooling effect.

The board design of the utility model welding machine is two pieces.One piece of big control panel, one piece of small control panel.The latter passes through company Fitting is welded on the former.Small control panel circuit is mainly output characteristics control circuit.Its core is that UC3846 pwm pulse is wide The circuit of degree modulation chip and its peripheral components composition.Entire control circuit mainly by inverter main circuit, output filter circuit, open Powered-down source circuit, IGBT drive circuit, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, Thermal protection detect and control circuit, given value of current Circuit, solenoid valve control circuit, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its electricity Flow 11 correcting circuit, striking current control circuit, output characteristics control circuit functional circuit compositions.From the function of its circuit From the point of view of, mainly completion input rectifying filtering, inversion, output filtering, the generation of anti-interference, each DC supply, pwm pulse The inverter circuit output parameter (electric current) of width adjusting, IGBT pipe drive control, argon arc welding and manual metal-arc welding welding method it is negative anti- The work such as feedback control.The utility model uses microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit And its current correction circuit, i.e., known automatically using microprocessor digital control, hardware and software interference protection measure, input voltage Not, the primary turns of main transformer are converted under low input and the corrected new solution of electric current is exported to welding machine, compared with Solves the problems, such as welding machine reliability well.Finally under control circuit effect, the argon of welding machine under different input supply voltages is realized Two kinds of welding methods of arc-welding and manual metal-arc welding meet safety performance detection and certification etc. and require.

About the hardware circuit interference protection measure of the utility model welding machine, mainly there is the following aspects: 1) output filtering. See that attached drawing 2-4, output filter circuit are made of output current filtering inductance T13, filter capacitor C45 and C46.It can inhibit current wave It is dynamic, reduce the burr jump signal in current waveform.2) IGBT switch and output rectification interference protection measure.See attached drawing 2-4, inversion In the main circuit course of work, IGBT switching device can generate spike interference signal in on-off control process.These interference signals It is the resistance and capacitor (such as R22, C21 by being connected in parallel on IGBT device both ends；R25,C24；R24,C23；R23,C22；C15, C16) anti-jamming circuit is reduced or is controlled.And it is connected in parallel on fast recovery diode device D8 ~ D11, the both ends D23 ~ D24 Resistance and capacitor (such as R27, C26；R26,C25；C44；RV1 etc.) can then to reduce fast recovery diode whole for anti-jamming circuit Spike interference signal during stream.3) in structure design aspect, there are also the measures of electromagnetic shielding.The control panel of the utility model 5 stand and are mounted on bottom plate.The part such as inversion and control circuit is equivalent to by shell 3, bottom plate 34 and rear panel, front panel composition Metal shell surround.The effects of isolation strong electromagnetic, limit electromagnetic radiation can be played.Above-mentioned measure is to guarantee that this is practical new One of the important prerequisite of welding machine product functional reliability made of type circuit.

It, can be by adjusting a small amount of on circuit board to the utility model welding machine that different current classes and cyclic duration factor require Amount of parts and specifications parameter, formed it is different output rated current and cyclic duration factor products, make product seriation.Example Such as, change the number of big electrolytic capacitor；Change rectifier bridge parameter；Change the current class and heat sink size of IGBT device；Change Become the model and parameter of fast recovery diode；Change inversion main transformer and the specification and the parameter that export filter reactor etc., Can different size easy to form series of products.As 200A/28V, 180A/27.2V, 160A/26.4V, 140A/25.6V, The product of 120A/24.8V, 100A/24V, 80A/23.2V more kinds of current classes and specifications and models.Certainly, these change, purpose It is that the cost of manufacture of product and the specifications parameter of corresponding machine and performance indicator is made to match.In this way, the weldering of every kind of specifications and models Machine is just able to achieve the cost control of optimization.This just improves the market competitiveness of institute's development.

The utility model welding machine, due to good control performance, safety and reliability, thus welding machine has preferably Market adaptability.Its good circuit and its structure design are also the advantage place of the utility model, and meet efficiently and low Cost production, high reliability, the important leverage of manufacturing technology advance.The circuit theory of the utility model welding machine, circuit board and Complete machine structure designs the unique distinction for having oneself.The content of the utility model patent application protection is that this welding machine of protection Circuit and structure design.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is to utilize a kind of structural schematic diagram of example welding machine made of the utility model；

The names of the parts subordinate list 1 in Fig. 1:

Serial number	Title	Serial number	Title
				1	Handle fixed screw	21	IGBT radiator III
2	Combination handle or handle	22	Main transformer
				3	Shell	23	Fast recovery diode or rectifying tube
4	Housing attachment screws	24	Fast extensive radiator
				5	Large circuit board	25	Export filter reactor
6	Small control panel	26	Front panel
				7	Relay I	27	Power supply indicator
8	Thermistor	28	Overheating protection indicator light
				9	Switching mode power supply transformer I	29	Current regulation potentiometer
10	Current transformer	30	Protect gas output interface or welding gun gas interface
				11	Relay II	31	Negative polarity exports quick coupling terminal
12	Rectifier or rectifier bridge radiator	32	Positive polarity exports quick coupling terminal
				13	Rectifier or rectifier bridge	33	Preceding plastic front board
14	Switching mode power supply transformer II	34	Chassis backplane
				15	Electrolytic capacitor	35	Plastic front board afterwards
16	Driving transformer	36	Wire fixer
				17	IGBT radiator I	37	Input power cord
18	CBB electric capacity	38	Power switch
				19	IGBT radiator II	39	Electromagnetic gas valve
20	IGBT pipe	40	Cooling fan or blower

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram (one) of the utility model welding machine；

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram (two) of the utility model welding machine；

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram (three) of the utility model welding machine.

Specific embodiment

It is to utilize a kind of IGBT inversion argon arc welding and hand arc made of the utility model respectively as shown in attached drawing 1 and subordinate list 1 The structural schematic diagram and its components inventory of welding machine.Its chief component includes:

1) casing part.Including handle or combination handle 1, shell 3, bottom plate or chassis base 34, casing screw etc..

2) rear panel part.The components installed on rear panel mainly have: power switch 38, solenoid valve 39 and its argon gas into The parts such as gas nozzle, power supply line and plug 37, wire fixer 36, rear outer plastic front board 35, cooling fan 40.Power supply line and plug 37 are connected to power supply grid.The on-off of the control welding machine electric power of power switch 38.Cooling fan 40 is located at the rear portion of welding machine, cold wind It is carried out from the air inlet at welding machine rear portion.The some heating devices or components that can make circuit part, such as IGBT and radiator heat-dissipation The components such as device, fast recovery diode and radiator are preferably cooled down.Such air duct and type of cooling design, favorably In the important of the reliability and the utility model welding machine realization larger current and high load water holdup for ensureing welder circuit work One of reason.

3) front-facing portion.The components installed on welding machine front panel mainly have: preceding plastic front board 33, negative polarity output are fast Quick access header elements 31, positive polarity output quick coupling holder assembly 32, the argon gas outlet nozzle 30 for connecting argon-arc welding gun, working power Indicator light (27, white) and Thermal protection status indicator lamp (28, yellow), electric current output adjust the parts such as potentiometer 29.Negative, positive pole Two groups of output quick coupling holder assemblies (31,32) of property, when manual electric arc welding, are separately connected workpiece clamp cable and welding clamp cable； When argon arc welding, it is separately connected argon-arc welding gun and workpiece clamp cable.Working power indicator light (27, white) instruction power supply is connected.Heat Guard mode indicator light (28, yellow) then indicates whether superheat state occurs.When internal components temperature is excessively high, more than operating temperature When, under the action of control circuit, on the one hand the indicator light can be made to light；On the other hand, welding machine can be made to stop welding or output. In the case where welding machine does not export, the cooling effect of blower can be such that the temperature of device reduces.When being reduced to recovery action temperature, Welding machine superheating phenomenon is eliminated.Overheating indicator lamp extinguishes.Meanwhile welding machine can weld again.Certainly, according to the needs of production, The components such as also settable ammeter, voltmeter on front panel, with the function or performance of extended products.

4) control panel part.Including many components on big control panel 5 and the control panel.For example, IGBT(4 is only) and its Cooling fin, CBB475K/400V capacitor, 470uF/400V electrolytic capacitor 15, small control (PCB circuit) plate 6, driving transformer 16, Current transformer or electric current loop 10, rectifier bridge 13 and its radiator 12, switching mode power supply transformer, 24V relay, integrated regulator 7815, metal-oxide-semiconductor IRFZ24N and IRF9Z24N, output filter reactor 25, fast recovery diode or rectifying tube 23 and its heat dissipation The parts such as device 24, inversion main transformer 22.Also have many electronic components on small control panel 6, as 3846PWM control chip, Operational amplifier, resistance, capacitor etc..

Component on circuit board control section and welding machine front and back panels, such as current regulation potentiometer 29, refer to fan 40 Show lamp (27 and 28), power switch 38 etc., mutual circuit connection is carried out by some pilots.Between each circuit board, Between device or components, link together according to the circuit diagram relationship of the utility model welding machine.Different inputs can be met The circuit output Characteristics Control of two kinds of welding method functions of the argon arc welding of welding machine and manual welding under supply voltage.

Attached drawing 2-4 is the circuit diagram of the utility model welding machine.As shown in Fig. 2 to 4, it is equipped on big control panel 5 small The interface of control panel 6.Two pieces of control circuit boards are exactly to link together according to corresponding interface identifier and circuit diagram.It is small Control panel 6 is directly welded on large circuit board or control panel 5 by plug-in unit.In this way, just without even between circuit board Wiring is attached.

As shown in Fig. 2 to 4, entire control circuit mainly by inverter main circuit, output filter circuit, switching power circuit, IGBT drive circuit, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, Thermal protection detect and control circuit, given value of current circuit, solenoid valve Control circuit, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its current correction circuit, 11 striking current control circuit, output characteristics control circuit functional circuit compositions.It is real finally under the action of control circuit Show two kinds of welding methods of argon arc welding and manual metal-arc welding of welding machine under different input supply voltages, meet safety performance detection and certification Deng requirement.In addition, the utility model is automatic using microprocessor digital control, hardware and software interference protection measure, input voltage The primary turns of main transformer are converted under identification, low input and the corrected new solution of electric current is exported to welding machine, Preferably solves the problems, such as welding machine reliability.Some explanations are carried out to relevant functional circuit below:

See attached drawing 2-4, inverter main circuit is by power switch K, input rectifying bridge BD1, PRT1 thermistor, 3JR1 relay Device, the big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 (470 μ F/400V etc.) filter circuit, G1 ~ G4 IGBT pipe, T10 inversion main transformer, D8 ~ D11 and D23 ~ D24 fast recovery diode, output filter circuit etc. form bridge inverter main circuit.By OUT(+) positive polarity And OUT(-) negative polarity output output welding current and voltage.

See that attached drawing 2-4, output filter circuit are made of output current filtering inductance T13, filter capacitor C45 and C46.

See that attached drawing 2-4, switch power supply route switching mode power supply transformer KGB1 and KGB2, optocoupler 6U2 and 3U2, switch electricity Source controls chip 6U1(TOP264YG) and the devices group such as resistance, capacitor, voltage-stabiliser tube 3U1(TOP266YG) and around them At switching power circuit, effect is generation+15V ,+24V, -15V supply voltage, supplies the electrification such as corresponding control circuit Work.

See attached drawing 2-4, the driving circuit of IGBT is by T3 driving transformer, Q6 ~ Q9 metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, D4 ~ D7 quick two The compositions such as the resistance, capacitor of pole pipe and their peripheries.

See attached drawing 2-4, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit by current detecting ring or T11 current transformer, D19 ~ D22, The composition such as operational amplifier IC1C, resistance R45 and R50 ~ R52.

See attached drawing 2-4, Thermal protection detect and control circuit by thermistor RT2D, operational amplifier IC1A and IC1B and its Devices, triode Q5, optocoupler IC8, LEDY, XH-2 and its welderings being attached thereto such as many resistance, capacitor and the diode of periphery Machine side plate overheats the composition such as indication LED lamp (yellow).LEDY(yellow) it is the overheating protection indication LED of welding on circuit boards Lamp.When thermistor RT2D is installed, its temperature detection face is allowed to be close to the radiator installation of IGBT.

See attached drawing 2-4, given value of current circuit is by operational amplifier IC1D, the output current regulation current potential connecting with XH-3 The composition such as device, current correction potentiometer RP1 and RP2, resistance R46 ~ R49, capacitor C66 ~ C67.CN interface then connects the electricity of welding machine Stream display table.

See attached drawing 2-4, output characteristics control circuit is by tetra- U2 pwm pulse width modulated chip (UC3846), U1 operations The devices such as amplifier and many resistance, capacitor and the diode of these device peripheries composition.

See attached drawing 2-4, striking current control circuit by filter inductance L1,1U1 optocoupler, 1D1 diode, 1Q1 triode, with And the composition such as the relevant resistance of above-mentioned device periphery, capacitor.The effect of filter inductance L1 is to prevent interference signal from controlling rear class The influence of circuit.As the output end OUT(+ of welding machine) and OUT(-) between output voltage higher (for example, welding machine is unloaded) when, have Larger current passes through the LED circuit in L1,1D1,1R1,1U1 optocoupler (TL817), the light emitting diode in 1U1 optocoupler It can shine.At this point, the output end and 1R3 resistance in 1U1 optocoupler are equivalent to short circuit, it is not turned on 1Q1 triode.Conversely, only As the output end OUT(+ of welding machine) and OUT(-) between output voltage it is lower (for example, manual metal-arc welding welding rod contact workpiece state；Argon arc When weldering, tungsten needle or tungsten electrode in welding gun and workpiece short-circuit condition) when, the light emitting diode in 1U1 optocoupler will not shine.At this point, The both ends of output end and 1R3 resistance in 1U1 optocoupler will not be short-circuit, makes 1Q1 triode ON, the electric current connecting with XH-3 socket The midpoint potential for adjusting potentiometer will receive influence, so that the output of welding machine be made to change.Once output end voltage increases (example Such as, it is recurred to after tungsten needle when argon arc welding in welding gun or tungsten electrode and workpiece shorted contacts；Or after manual metal-arc welding welding rod contact workpiece Recur to), 1Q1 triode can be not turned on again.It can be seen that striking current control is the height by welding terminal voltage Come what is be automatically performed.

See attached drawing 2-4, solenoid valve DF control circuit is by electromagnetic gas valve DF, field-effect tube 6Q40, resistance 6R40~6R43, electricity Hold 6C41, diode 1D3,6D1 and 6D42, optocoupler 6U1, voltage-stabiliser tube 5ZD7 and 5ZD8, resistance 5R1,5R2 and 5R10~5R12 etc. Composition.Between as welding machine OUT(+) and OUT(-) when output voltage higher (arc voltage when much higher than welding), voltage-stabiliser tube 5ZD7 and 5ZD8 can puncture, pressure stabilizing, the lumination of light emitting diode in optocoupler 6U1, the triode ON of output stage, field-effect tube 6Q40 cut-off, electromagnetic gas valve DF will not act, and convey protective gas without normal direction welding section when argon arc welding.Conversely, working as welding machine OUT (+) and OUT(-) between output voltage it is lower (for example, when tungsten electrode and workpiece short circuit prepare striking when argon arc welding and argon arc welding When in the process etc.), voltage-stabiliser tube 5ZD7 and 5ZD8 will not puncture, pressure stabilizing, and the light emitting diode in optocoupler 6U1 does not shine, and export The triode cut-off of grade, field-effect tube 6Q40 conducting, electromagnetic gas valve DF can be acted, and make the protection in the argon bottle by Air Valve Control Gas is flowed out from welding gun, protects the weld metal of welding region will not oxidation by air.At the end of welding machine argon arc welding process, Because with the presence of the integrating circuit of 6R43,6R41 resistance and 6C41 capacitor, field-effect tube 6Q40 will continue to be connected, electromagnetic gas valve DF Also it can keep acting, which achieves the delays of the lag of protective gas to hold one's breath control.

Currently, many multi input supply voltage inverter type welders, repair rate height, marketing users are had strong complaints, are produced in the market Product complain it is very much, what marketing users were difficult to receive.The main reason for being found by market survey, causing such product failure problem It is: under different input supply voltages, unreliable, the control used of voltage automatic identification and conversion control circuit work of welding machine Scheme is: using analog control circuit, realizes the multiplication of voltage of main circuit, at a low input voltages using relay switching control with this Come input current when achieving the purpose that low input wants small, output electric current wants big.But due to control circuit and controlling party Case design is unreasonable, causes control failure and welder fault problem very serious.Product is set to lose the market competitiveness.To improve The reliability of product, the utility model uses new control method, devises new control circuit, as shown in attached drawing 2-4, this The microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its current correction circuit of utility model By MCU single-chip microcontroller (STM8S003F3P6), optocoupler 3U4,3U7, U201 and U202, relay 3JR2, voltage-stabiliser tube 3Z4,3D8, two Pole pipe 3D7, field-effect tube 3U8 and 3U9 and the device composition of their peripheries.Core is MCU single-chip microcontroller (STM8S003F3P6) etc. the microprocessor of compositions is detected automatically, is identified and control circuit.MCU single-chip microcontroller (STM8S003F3P6) Program by programming mouth SXK be written single-chip microcontroller, work under the control of the software program.Anti-interference arrange is additionally provided in software It applies, to further increase the reliability of control circuit.In attached drawing 2-4, diode 3D7 is connected to rectifying and wave-filtering in inverter main circuit + 310V afterwards.The system, control circuit identifies that the power supply of welding machine access is low pressure by detecting the voltage at the both ends A, B (such as 110V or 120V) or high voltage (such as 220V or 240V), and according to the height of input supply voltage, issues control and refer to It enables, whether going the movement of control relay 3JR2.For example, voltage-stabiliser tube 3Z4,3D8 can be hit if it is high input supply voltage It wears, pressure stabilizing, the lumination of light emitting diode in optocoupler 3U4, output stage triode ON, 2 feet of MCU single-chip microcontroller can be detected low Level (ground)；, whereas if be low input supply voltage, voltage-stabiliser tube 3Z4,3D8 will not breakdown, pressure stabilizing, the hair in optocoupler 3U4 Optical diode does not shine, and+5V high level can be detected in 2 feet of the cut-off of output stage triode, MCU single-chip microcontroller.Therefore, single-chip microcontroller Control system passes through the 2 foot level height of detection MCU, it can be learnt that the access of welding machine power supply is high input voltage, still Low input.After voltage sample and automatic identification, go out corresponding control instruction by 10 human hair combing wastes of MCU single-chip microcontroller, determines Whether armature winding the number of turns of inversion main transformer is switched, so that welding machine has different main transformers under different input supply voltages Depressor primary/secondary umber of turn ratio, to achieve the purpose that adjust welding machine output size of current.For example, when welding machine access is low When input supply voltage, the control signal that 10 human hair combing wastes of MCU single-chip microcontroller go out finally is connected field-effect tube 3U8, relay 3JR2 Movement, changes the primary turns of inversion main transformer T10 by the contact of the relay.Meanwhile by controlling field-effect tube 3U9, conducting, makes the LED lighting in optocoupler U201 and U202, the triode ON of output stage.It can access electric current fine adjustment The subcircuits of potentiometer 3RP4 control output electric current using DL signal.The electric current fine adjustment potentiometer is adjusted, that is, can reach school The purpose of positive output electric current.Conversely, the control that 10 human hair combing wastes of MCU single-chip microcontroller go out is believed when welding machine accesses high input supply voltage Number finally relay 3JR2 is made to be failure to actuate, the primary turns of such inversion main transformer T10 do not change.Electric current fine adjustment is not accessed The subcircuits of potentiometer 3RP4.The output current control of welding machine is still determined by original given value of current and adjustment circuit. From above description as it can be seen that the utility model uses microprocessor digital control, hardware and software interference protection measure, input voltage certainly The primary turns of main transformer are converted under dynamic identification, low input and the corrected new technology side of electric current is exported to welding machine Case preferably solves the problems, such as welding machine reliability.

The working principle of the utility model welding machine other parts functional circuit is summarized as follows: as shown in Fig. 2 to 4.L and N-terminal It is connected to the power supplies such as 220V/50Hz.After power switch K connects electric network source, welding machine is powered.White electricity on the front plate Source indicator light is lighted.The alternating current come from power grid, becomes Rectified alternating current after BD1 rectifier bridge or rectifier rectification.Rectification Output afterwards first passes through PRT1 thermistor, later, fills to the big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 (470 μ F/400V etc.) Electricity, voltage gradually rise, and relatively stable+310V direct current are eventually become, by being output to late-class circuit between A, B.

3JR1 relay can be connected in power switch K, and certain time-delay acts after the time, contact closure, short-circuit PRT1 heat Quick resistance.The delay of 3JR1 relay is controlled by it circuit to realize.The big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 (470 μ F/ 400V etc.) charging, first pass through PRT1 thermistor, be shorted PRT1 thermistor again later.On such control circuit is known as Electric buffer circuit.

The big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 (470 μ F/400V etc.) plays a part of filtering.On the one hand+310V direct current supplies Filtered electrical is exported to by G1 ~ G4 IGBT pipe, T10 inversion main transformer and D8 ~ D11, D23 ~ D24 fast recovery diode, T13 The bridge inverter main circuit of anti-equal compositions.Its function is main are as follows: high voltage direct current is converted to intermediate frequency (tens KHz) alternating current.T10 The transformation of contravariant transformer realization voltage step-down and High-current output.D8 ~ D11, D23 ~ D24 fast recovery diode are then inverse The medium frequency alternating current for becoming transformer output is transformed to direct current.It is unstable since its transformed current waveform is pulsation, no Conducive to the stabilization of welding process, therefore, it is filtered using current filter reactor T13.In this way, the current waveform of output will It becomes stable.It help to obtain the weld seam of high quality.

On the other hand ,+310V the direct current between A and B is supplied by switching mode power supply transformer KGB1 and KGB2, optocoupler 6U2 Chip 6U1(TOP264YG is controlled with 3U2, Switching Power Supply) and it is resistance 3U1(TOP266YG) and around them, capacitor, steady The switching power circuit of the devices such as pressure pipe composition, effect are generation+15V ,+24V, -15V supply voltage, supply corresponding control The live line works such as circuit processed.For switching power circuit part, since Switching Power Supply controls chip 6U1(TOP264YG) and 3U1 (TOP266YG) with the armature winding of KGB1 and KGB2 switching mode power supply transformer and voltage-stabiliser tube, diode, electricity around them The circuit of the compositions such as resistance and capacitor, belongs to+310V high tension loop.For the safety for ensuring control circuit, in attached drawing 2-4, It is isolated using optocoupler 6U2 and 3U2 photoelectrical coupler.In switching power circuit part, acquisition+15V ,+24V, -15V electricity Source voltage.Different device and circuit is supplied to use.For example,+24V supply electromagnetic gas valve DF work；+ 15V and -15V power supply electricity Pressure supply opamp control circuit etc..About the working principle of this part of Switching Power Supply, above section has only carried out letter Single explanation.If necessary to understand the detailed working condition of this circuit part, it is related to many knowledge of Switching Power Supply.Reader can It inquires relevant switching circuit books or data makees further understanding.Here it is no longer described in detail.

By circuit and the principle of switching power supply parts it is found that the utility model does not use general control transformer and phase The voltage conversion circuit of pass generates above-mentioned several direct current power source voltages.Its circuit takes+310V of the electricity in major loop.Switch The volume and size of transformer are significantly less weight than general control transformer, this just reduces the cost of the utility model welding machine, mention The technical value added of welding machine is risen.Meanwhile the use of this switching power circuit, welding machine is also beneficial in biggish network voltage Work in fluctuation range plays preferable anti-voltage ripple of power network ability.

Already described above, in attached drawing 2-4,3JR1 pull up time is to lag behind power switch K to close the moment 's.I.e. 3JR1 relay is deferred action.Charging voltage on the big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 (470 μ F/400V etc.) After stabilization, 3JR1 relay is just acted, contact closure, and short-circuit PRT1 thermistor makes the normal inversion of the utility model welding machine When work, high current is flowed through from the contact of 3JR1 relay.Such circuit is known as powering on buffer circuit.It is mainly anti- Only power switch K connection moment is equivalent to short circuit, will form larger due to not having voltage on the big electrolytic capacitor of C12, C13, C60 Surge current, burn out power switch K.And the effect of buffer circuit is powered on, PRT1 temperature-sensitive electricity is exactly sealed in by moment of closing a floodgate Resistance carrys out limit inrush currents.Also, the resistance value of PRT1 thermistor is to rise with its temperature and increase.Therefore, it powers on slow Preferable protective effect can be played by rushing circuit.

In attached drawing 2-4, T3 driving transformer, Q6 ~ Q9 metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, D4 ~ D7 fast diode and their peripheries The composition such as resistance, capacitor IGBT driving circuit section.4 IGBT, the driving of 4 tunnels, the driving circuit form of each part are It is consistent.The partial circuit, U2 pwm pulse width tune of control signal A5, the A7 of input in output characteristics control circuit The A OUT(A7 interface of coremaking piece (UC3846)) and B OUT(A5 interface) output end.Due to the letter of U2 chip (UC3846) output Number driving power is small, therefore needs to amplify by driving power circuit, then passes through the driving of T3 driving transformer and its periphery Circuit goes the working condition of 4 IGBT of control.The control signal that U2 pulse width modulates (PWM) chip (UC3846) output is two Group square-wave pulse signal.Two groups of square-wave pulse signals have a regular time poor in time, when being also referred to as dead zone in profession Between.It is one of the important parameter for ensureing the alternation of two groups of switches of IGBT.The time is the peripheral components by UC3846 chip (the R21 and R22 at the end RT；C7, the C8 at the end CT) parameter setting and determination.As to how determining, need to check the phase of UC3846 It closes and uses data or explanation.It is not repeated herein.What needs to be explained here is that: pwm pulse bandwidth modulation signals are to determine welding machine The signal of inverter main circuit output voltage and size of current.And pwm pulse bandwidth modulation signals are then given by the current regulation of welding machine Determine signal Ug and current negative feedback signal Ufi to determine.

Attached drawing 2-4 is seen, by current detecting ring or T11 current transformer, finally by current detecting and rectification transformating circuit Export current negative feedback signal Ufi.By D17 and R52, be connected in output characteristics control circuit 24 points of interface.

See attached drawing 2-4, exports current regulation potentiometer by XH-3 and be connected to given value of current circuit.Pass through given value of current electricity Road is exported by the 14 foot output ends of operational amplifier IC1, makes to obtain current regulation Setting signal Ug at 21 point of interface.Electric current school The minimum and maximum electric current of positive potential device RP1 and RP2 recoverable welding machine output.By the cooperation with given potentiometer, can make to weld Machine output electric current meets the requirement of curent change range in nameplate.CN interface can then connect the electric current display table of welding machine.

The control process of the argon arc welding of the utility model welding machine and manual electric arc welding output characteristics is summarized as follows:

The switch of welding machine rear panel closes connect power supply extremely short time after (during this, welder circuit is powered on Cushioning control has certain delays time to control), above-mentioned each control panel live line work of welding machine interior.White power supply on front panel Indication LED lamp is bright, instruction welding machine electrification.

After connecting required electrode holders, workpiece connecting cable, manual welding operation can be started.In the work of control circuit Under, the U2 PWM(UC3846 of welding machine interior) pulse width control circuit one biggish pulse signal of duty ratio of generation, make The drive circuit works of IGBT make two groups of IGBT be in alternating conductive state, finally make inverter main circuit output no-load voltage.When Operator regulates the given potentiometer signal Ug of welding current on front panel, and when being welded, by current detecting ring or The transformer primary current signal in inverter main circuit can be detected by current detecting and rectification transformating circuit in current transformer, That is current negative feedback signal Ufi.Current negative feedback signal Ufi, is compared with welding current Setting signal Ug.After comparing Difference signal carries out PI(ratio and integral) adjust control.The pulse of its result exported control U2 PWM chip (UC3846) Width or duty ratio output.By the driving circuit of IGBT, the make-and-break time of IGBT in inverter main circuit is controlled, it is final to determine weldering Machine exports the size of electric current and voltage, realizes accurately controlling for output current parameters.And make the output characteristics constant current band of welding machine The dropping characteristic dragged outside.Further say, when welding current Setting signal Ug is constant, with welder circuit detect it is negative anti- It presents Ufi current signal to increase, also, after reaching given setting value, welding current gives Ug signal and the control of Ufi Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance The difference of signal processed can increase with electric current and be reduced, and after controlling by PI, keep the pulse of welding machine output PWM chip (UC3846) wide Degree or duty ratio reduce, and the output voltage of welding machine reduces.This process, that is, the control of so-called Current cut-off negative feedback.I.e. The feedback control only just to work after electric current reaches the setting value of welding current potentiometer.Hereafter, as electric current is small Increase, voltage reduces can be very much.When welding machine output voltage drops to 16V or less, with the reduction of voltage, control circuit can make The pulse width or duty ratio of U2 PWM chip (UC3846) increase, and increase welding current according to the parameter of setting, most end form At the dropping characteristic dragged outside constant current band.When welding current Setting signal variation, Current cut-off negative feedback setting value is different, but its Its control process is similar.In this way, between the minimum and maximum of potentiometer setting, so that it may obtain without several dropping characteristics Curve.Such control, and meet the basic demand of manual arc welding.

After the welding gun needed for connecting argon arc welding, protective gas, workpiece connecting cable, argon arc welding operation can be started. Firstly, making to contact between welding gun tungsten needle and workpiece.Under the action of control circuit, electromagnetic gas valve DF movement, first welding section conveying is protected Protect gas.Meanwhile the U2 PWM(UC3846 of welding machine interior) pulse width control circuit one biggish pulse of duty ratio of generation Signal makes the drive circuit works of IGBT, and two groups of IGBT is made to be in alternating conductive state, finally makes inverter main circuit output electricity Stream.Later, welding gun is promoted, leaving workpiece a certain distance can be realized striking.The output electric current of welding machine, is regulated by operator Front panel on welding current give potentiometer signal Ug decision.When welding, by current detecting ring or current transformer, by The transformer primary current signal in inverter main circuit can be detected in current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, i.e. Current Negative Three-Point Capacitance is believed Number Ufi.Current negative feedback signal Ufi can be compared with welding current Setting signal Ug.Difference signal after comparing leads to The output characteristics control circuit in attached drawing 2-4 is crossed, PI(ratio and integral are carried out) adjust control.Its result exported controls U2 The pulse width or duty ratio of PWM chip (UC3846) export.By the driving circuit of IGBT, IGBT in inverter main circuit is controlled Make-and-break time, the final size for determining welding machine output electric current and voltage realizes accurately controlling for output current parameters.And make to weld The output characteristics of machine is the dropping characteristic dragged outside constant current band.Further say, when welding current Setting signal Ug is constant, with Negative-feedback Ufi current signal that welder circuit detects increases, also, after reaching given setting value, welding current gives Ug The difference of signal and Ufi current feedback control signal can increase with electric current and be reduced, and after controlling by PI, export welding machine The pulse width or duty ratio of PWM chip (UC3846) reduce, and the output voltage of welding machine reduces.This process, that is, it is so-called Current cut-off negative feedback control.The feedback control only just worked after electric current reaches the setting value of welding current potentiometer System.When welding current Setting signal variation, Current cut-off negative feedback setting value is different, but other control processes are similar 's.In this way, between the minimum and maximum of potentiometer setting, so that it may obtain without several negative characteristic curves.If prepare not into When row welding, as long as welding gun is significantly made to leave workpiece, welding machine is in light condition, due to the time-lag action of resistance and 6C41, DF solenoid valve can lag some time stoppings movement, hold one's breath control which achieves the lag of argon arc welding.Above control process, And meet the basic demand of argon arc welding welding.

About welding machine in two kinds of welding methods, the course of work of other parts circuit, since above section has carried out Many explanations.Here it is just no longer described in detail.

It is controlled about overheating protection, carries out some explanations below.During welding machine output, when the radiator of IGBT occurs When superheating phenomenon, or when Thermal protection detects and controls (being close to the radiator installation of IGBT) thermistor RT2D inspection in circuit When measuring the radiator overheat of IGBT, the overturning of the operational amplifier state in circuit is detected and controlled by Thermal protection, makes three poles Pipe Q5 conducting, the overheating protection indication LED Y lamp welded on circuit boards are lighted；The welding machine panel overheat instruction being connect with XH-2 LED light (yellow) is lighted.Meanwhile the lumination of light emitting diode in IC8, internal triode ON.The output of optocoupler IC8 is believed Number, it is connected to output characteristics control circuit.By the circuit, U2 PWM(UC3846 can be closed) pulse of chip output, make to weld Machine stops output electric current.Under the action of cooling blower, when superheating phenomenon is eliminated, control circuit can just continue to output PWM control Signal processed.Overheating indicator lamp (yellow) extinguishes simultaneously.Which achieves welding machine overheating protections.

About the hardware circuit interference protection measure of the utility model welding machine, mainly there is the following aspects:

1) output filtering.See attached drawing 2-4, output filter circuit by output current filtering inductance T13, filter capacitor C45 and C46 composition.It can inhibit current fluctuation, reduce the burr jump signal in current waveform.

2) IGBT switch and output rectification interference protection measure.See attached drawing 2-4, in the inverter main circuit course of work, IGBT is opened Device is closed in on-off control process, spike interference signal can be generated.These interference signals are by being connected in parallel on IGBT device two The resistance and capacitor (such as R22, C21 at end；R25,C24；R24,C23；R23,C22；C15, C16) anti-jamming circuit reduced Or control.And it is connected in parallel on the resistance and capacitor (such as R27, C26 of fast recovery diode device D8 ~ D11, the both ends D23 ~ D24； R26,C25；C44；RV1 etc.) anti-jamming circuit can then reduce the spike interference signal in fast recovery diode switching process.

In addition, there are also the measures of electromagnetic shielding in structure design aspect.The control panel 5 of the utility model, which is stood, to be mounted on On bottom plate.The part such as inversion and control circuit is equivalent to the metal shell formed by shell 3, bottom plate 34 and rear panel, front panel It surrounds.The effects of isolation strong electromagnetic, limit electromagnetic radiation can be played.

Above-mentioned measure is to guarantee an important prerequisite of welding machine product functional reliability made of the utility model circuit.

It is the brief control process of each circuit part of the utility model welding machine and argon arc welding and manual metal-arc welding method above Explanation.Since the utility model has been presented for the machine structure schematic diagram and its components inventory of attached drawing 1 and subordinate list 1, and Therefore the detailed circuit schematic diagram of attached drawing 2-4 for having for the people of the reading abilities such as circuit (or having relevant knowledge), is It can understand completely.Circuit diagram is exactly a kind of noiseless language.But for there is no circuit reading ability (or not have phase Close electric circuit knowledge) people for, even if explain it is more again, they are also elusive.In view of the relationship of length, herein can only Main part is illustrated, so that reader better understood when relevant working principle and process.

By above description as it can be seen that the utility model circuit has oneself unique mentality of designing and method.Wherein, use is micro- Processor is digital control, converts main transformer under hardware and software interference protection measure, input voltage automatic identification, low input Primary turns and to welding machine export the corrected new solution of electric current, preferably solve the problems, such as welding machine reliability.No The controls such as two kinds of welding method output of welding machine argon arc welding and manual metal-arc welding under different input supply voltages can be only realized, moreover, institute The control circuit of design and the complete machine structure of welding machine are all that the utility model welding machine product is made to meet security credential requirement, tool Where having the basic reasons of the technical advantages such as good control performance, and meet the production of product high efficiency and low cost, high reliability, The important leverage of manufacturing process technology advance.The content of the utility model patent application protection is that this welding machine of protection Structure design.

In addition, connecting between the circuit board of the utility model simply, device is much using automatic placement machine on circuit board Processing is completed with plug-in machine, production process and production technology are greatly simplified, reduce product weight, production and transportation cost.

The above content is the specific machine structure of combination and circuit boards and control function to detailed made by the utility model Illustrate, and it cannot be said that the specific implementation of the utility model is only limited to these explanations.To its of technical field described in the utility model For his technical staff, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, several other deductions and transformation can also be made, These all should be considered as the scope for belonging to the utility model protection.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: welding machine includes shell, back Plate, the argon inlet mouth for connecting solenoid valve, argon arc welding/manual metal-arc welding function switch, front panel, black and red output are quick Connector holder assembly and control panel；Settable ammeter, voltmeter on front panel；Entire control panel, which is stood, is mounted on welding machine bottom plate On；Control panel is divided into two pieces, and small control panel is directly welded on big control panel by plug-in unit, with regard to nothing between such circuit board It need to be attached using other connecting lines；Control circuit on circuit board includes inverter main circuit, output filter circuit, switch electricity Source circuit, IGBT drive circuit, current detecting and rectification transformating circuit, Thermal protection detect and control circuit, given value of current circuit, Solenoid valve control circuit, microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its current correction 11 circuit, striking current control circuit, output characteristics control circuit functional circuits；Wherein the output characteristics of welding machine controls electricity Road is laid out on small control panel；Other control circuits are then laid out on big control panel；Front-facing portion is equipped with: preceding plastic cover Plate, negative polarity output quick coupling holder assembly, positive polarity output quick coupling holder assembly, the argon gas outlet for connecting argon-arc welding gun Mouth, working power indicator light and Thermal protection status indicator lamp, electric current output adjusting potentiometer, the polar two groups of output of negative and positive are quick Workpiece clamp cable and welding clamp cable are separately connected when connector holder assembly, manual electric arc welding.

2. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute The inverter main circuit stated by power switch, input rectifying bridge, PRT1 thermistor, relay, big electrolytic capacitor filter circuit, IGBT pipe, inversion main transformer, fast recovery diode, output filter circuit form bridge inverter main circuit；By positive polarity and Negative polarity output exports welding current and voltage；The output filter circuit is by output current filtering inductance and filter capacitor Composition；Switch power supply routing switching mode power supply transformer, optocoupler, Switching Power Supply control chip and the electricity around them Resistance, capacitor, regulator tube group are at generation+15V ,+24V, -15V supply voltage supply corresponding control circuit live line work；Institute The driving circuit of the IGBT stated is by driving transformer, metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor, fast diode and their peripheral resistance, capacitor Composition；The microprocessor input voltage automatic identification and main transformer primary conversion control circuit and its current correction circuit Part includes MCU single-chip microcontroller, optocoupler, relay, voltage-stabiliser tube, diode, field-effect tube and the device of their peripheries.

3. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute The current detecting stated and rectification transformating circuit are by current detecting ring or current transformer, diode, operational amplifier and several outer The resistance composition enclosed.

4. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: heat Protection detect and control circuit by many resistance of thermistor, operational amplifier and its periphery, capacitor, diode, triode, Optocoupler and its welding machine panel being attached thereto overheat indication LED lamp group at；LED light is that the overheating protection of welding on circuit boards refers to Show LED light, when thermistor is installed, its temperature detection face is allowed to be close to the radiator installation of IGBT.

5. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute The given value of current circuit stated by operational amplifier and connection output current regulation potentiometer, current correction potentiometer and several electricity Resistance, capacitor composition；CN interface then connects the electric current display table of welding machine.

6. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute If the output characteristics control circuit stated is by pwm pulse width modulated chip, four operational amplifiers and these device peripheries Dry resistance, capacitor and diode composition.

7. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute The striking current control circuit stated by filter inductance, optocoupler, diode, triode and the relevant resistance of above-mentioned device periphery, Capacitor composition, the effect of filter inductance L1 is the influence for preventing interference signal to rear class control circuit, when the output of welding machine is rectified When output voltage is higher between cathode, larger current is had by the LED circuit in optocoupler, shine two in optocoupler Pole pipe can shine, and the output end and resistance in optocoupler are equivalent to short circuit, be not turned on triode；Conversely, only working as the defeated of welding machine When output voltage is lower between outlet positive and negative anodes, the light emitting diode in optocoupler will not shine；At this point, output end in optocoupler and The both ends of resistance will not be short-circuit, makes triode ON, the midpoint potential for the current regulation potentiometer connecting with socket will receive shadow It rings, so that the output of welding machine be made to change；Once output end voltage increases, triode can be not turned on again；Striking current control It is to be automatically performed by the height of welding terminal voltage.

8. a kind of single-phase multi-power source voltage contravariant argon arc welding as described in claim 1 and manual arc welder, it is characterised in that: institute The solenoid valve control circuit stated is by electromagnetic gas valve, field-effect tube, several resistance, capacitor, diode and optocoupler and regulator tube group At；When output voltage is higher between welding machine positive and negative anodes, voltage-stabiliser tube can puncture, pressure stabilizing, the lumination of light emitting diode in optocoupler, The triode ON of output stage, field-effect tube cut-off, electromagnetic gas valve will not act, and when argon arc welding conveys without normal direction welding section to be protected Gas；When output voltage is lower between welding machine positive and negative anodes, voltage-stabiliser tube will not puncture, pressure stabilizing, and the light emitting diode in optocoupler is not It shines, the triode cut-off of output stage, field-effect tube is connected, and electromagnetic gas valve can act, make in the argon bottle by Air Valve Control Protective gas flowed out from welding gun, protect the weld metal of welding region will not oxidation by air.