CN105476605A - High-speed optical coherence tomography imaging system and method - Google Patents
High-speed optical coherence tomography imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105476605A CN105476605A CN201511015130.3A CN201511015130A CN105476605A CN 105476605 A CN105476605 A CN 105476605A CN 201511015130 A CN201511015130 A CN 201511015130A CN 105476605 A CN105476605 A CN 105476605A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B5/0073—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by tomography, i.e. reconstruction of 3D images from 2D projections
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed optical coherence tomography imaging system and method. A first optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber array are additionally arranged in a sample arm of the high-speed optical coherence tomography imaging system, a detection light beam for a sample is divided into multiple auxiliary detection light beams, optical delay lines are added into all the auxiliary detection light beams so that different optical path/phase delays can be generated in all the auxiliary detection light beams, imaging signals of all the auxiliary detection light beams are distinguished, and the purposes of sampling multiple points on the surface of the sample at the same time, detecting the signals at the same time, and forming images at the high speed are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Technology field, particularly a kind of high speed optical coherence tomography system and method.
Background technology
Optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OpticalCoherenceTomography, OCT) be a kind of novel biomedical imaging technology, have high-resolution, at a high speed in real time, high sensitivity, the advantage such as non-intruding Non-Destructive Testing and extensively concerned and developed rapidly.
High speed imaging is the trend of OCT development, but the imaging rate of OCT is mainly subject to system source and the restriction of light-detecting device performance.The method improving OCT image scanning speed for now mainly divides two kinds, and the first adopts high performance optical device as high frequency frequency-sweeping laser source and high speed detector etc., is scanned and detects improve system speed performance by high frequency time.But the raising of sweep speed, sensitivity will inevitably be made obviously to incite somebody to action down, and the raising of swept light source frequency can cause scanning wavelength scope to decline, and has a strong impact on image quality.In addition, this method is subject to the strict restriction of current light source and detector performance parameters, and the renewal of Primary Component can only be relied on could to improve the performance of OCT, and autgmentability is poor, and high-end product is expensive; The second adopts multiple light source and multi channel detector to realize parallel scan detection, and this method considerably increases OCT system complexity, and relevant system cost also will rise greatly.
More than analyze visible, no matter being use high performance device, or adopt parallel detecting technology, is not a kind of method of desirable lifting OCT scanning speed, therefore separately must seek approach, best cost performance basis be designed one there is highly sensitive high-velocity scanning OCT imaging system.
Innovation and creation content
The object of the invention is avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art and provide low cost in, has highly sensitive high-velocity scanning OCT imaging system and method simultaneously.
Invention thinking: because the raising of simple scan speed is more difficult, and image quality can be caused to decline, therefore present inventor is desirably in the scanning speed that the condition not improving simple scan speed gets off to improve whole system, can only be realized by one-off scanning multiple spot under this condition, but, current single pass multiple spot depends on parallel detecting technology, and this technological system is complicated, and cost is high.For this reason, inventor has deducted a percentage and has been applied in OCT equipment by the multiplexing thinking in data communication field, realizes multiple spot and detects, avoid the problem of system complex by multiplexing means.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
1.high speed optical coherence tomography system, comprises
Optical beam generating device: generate detecting light beam and the reference beam relevant with detecting light beam;
Sample arm: detecting light beam is scanned on sample to be detected, and detecting light beam produces sample beam through sample reflection;
Optical detection device: make sample beam and sample beam mutually interfere to generate interference light, and described interference light is detected;
It is characterized in that: detecting light beam is also divided into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles by described sample arm, and the sub-detecting light beam of each bundle scans testing sample after the delay that duration/phase place differs.
Wherein, described sample arm comprises the first fiber coupler, fiber array and detection light path, described fiber array comprises at least two fiber units, each fiber unit is connected to fiber coupler through an optical delay line, detecting light beam is separated into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles by described first fiber coupler, each bundle detecting light beam carries out leading after the delay that duration/phase place differs each fiber unit through optical delay line, fiber unit is coupled to make son detect beam Propagation to detecting light path with detection light path, described detection light path makes detecting light beam scan on sample to be detected
Wherein, the fiber unit of described fiber array arranges along straight line, to form 1*N formula fiber array, wherein N >=2.
Wherein, the fiber unit of described fiber array equidistantly distributes.
Wherein, described optical beam generating device comprises light source and the second fiber coupler, and the light beam that described light source sends is decomposed into detecting light beam and reference beam through the second fiber coupler, and described reference beam is through reflecting to form reference beam through reference arm.
Wherein, described optical beam generating device comprises light source and power amplifier, and the light beam that described light source sends by described power amplifier carries out transmitting this second fiber coupler after power expands.
Wherein, described optical coherence tomography system is Time Domain Optical coherence tomography system or domain optical coherence tomography system.
Wherein, detecting light beam is divided into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles, each bundle word detecting light beam scans testing sample after the delay that duration/phase place differs, and detecting devices is distinguished the interference signal of different retardation and detected respectively.
Wherein, all sub-detecting light beams are aligned along Y-direction, the point by point scanning in X direction of detection all sub-detecting light beams in season.
Wherein, described X-direction and Y-direction are mutually vertical.
The beneficial effect of the invention: this application provides a kind of high speed optical coherence tomography system and formation method, by setting up the first fiber coupler in sample arm and detecting light beam is separated into the sub-detecting light beam of multi beam by fiber array, and utilize optical delay line to carry out to each bundle detecting light beam the delay that duration/phase place differs, thus different sub-detecting light beams is distinguished, reach the object of the multiple point of single pass.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is utilized to be described further the invention, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing does not form any restriction to the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the invention high speed optical coherence tomography system.
Include in FIG:
1---light source, 2---the second fiber coupler, 3---reference arm, 31---the first collimating lens, 32---illuminator, 4---sample arm, 41---the first fiber coupler, 42---fibre delay line, 43---fiber array, 44---the second collimating lens, 45---scanning galvanometer, 46---condenser lens, 5---detector.
Detailed description of the invention
With the following Examples the invention is further described.
embodiment 1
One of detailed description of the invention of the invention high speed optical coherence tomography system, this embodiment is applied to frequency sweep OCT, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Second fiber coupler 2 of light source 1,2 × 2, reference arm 3, sample arm 4 and detector 5, reference arm 3 comprises the first collimating lens 31 and illuminator 32, and sample arm 4 comprises first fiber coupler 41 of 1 × N, fibre delay line 42, fiber array 43, second collimating lens 44, scanning galvanometer 45 and condenser lens 46.The light beam that light source 1 exports is divided into two-way in 2 × 2 fiber couplers, and a road is reference beam, in reference arm 3, reflect formation reference beam through illuminator 32 through reflecting mirror modulation; Another road is detecting light beam, signal beams focuses on sample surfaces after sample arm 4, sample beam containing sample interior structural information is reflected back toward in raw sample arm 4, and meet with the reference beam reflected in 2 × 2 fiber couplers, to interfere when the optical path difference of two-beam is in coherence length, and detect in input computer finally by photodetector 5 and carry out signal processing and image reconstruction.
In the present embodiment, light source 1 can be the light source that SLD wideband light source, femtosecond pulse and sweeping laser etc. can be used for OCT.Owing to carrying out light splitting design in sample arm 4 light path, the luminous power deep fades in each optical path unit can be caused.And the fast imaging scanning of system means that signal to noise ratio reduces, and realize certain dynamic range, can adopt the light source 1 that power is higher, guarantee that the often bundle detecting light beam after beam splitting has comparatively high s/n ratio to Sample Scan.After multichannel light splitting, single bundle luminous power of sub-detecting light beam and the resolution of detector are one of factors determining optical path unit number, concrete those skilled in the art can use the performance parameter adjustment light splitting optical path number of equipment according to reality, in the present embodiment, because in reference arm 3, optical attenuation is less, and decay is severe in sample arm 4, second fiber coupler 2 can adopt the splitting ratio of 5:95 or 10:90 according to practical situation, improve the luminous power of sample arm 4.
The present embodiment is applied in frequency sweep OCT, and reference arm 3 need carry out phase-modulation.Reference light arm comprises the first collimating lens 31 and illuminator 32, and reference beam is irradiated on illuminator through collimating lens, is returned to form reference beam by illuminator modulation back reflection.
In the present embodiment, sample arm 4 comprises first fiber coupler 41 of 1 × 4, sample light is divided into 4 bundle detecting light beams by the first fiber coupler 41, each bundle detecting light beam is separate, and be transferred to fiber array 43 after carrying out respectively through different optical delay lines 42 delay that duration differs, act on through the second collimating lens 44, scanning galvanometer 45 and condenser lens 46 successively after fiber array 43 penetrates, parallel acquisition is carried out to the internal structural information of 4 sampled points of sample simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, the fiber unit of fiber array adopts and equidistantly distributes along Y-direction, and the scanning element therefore projecting sample surfaces is also equidistant point, is conducive to the reduction of structural images.Meanwhile, adopt during scanning and make the point by point scanning in X direction of all sub-detecting light beams, X-direction and Y-direction are mutually vertical, so that the reduction of image.Detector 5 in the present embodiment, can use photodetector 5 for frequency sweep OCT.Photodetector 5 receives interference light intensity signal, and frequency sweep OCT easily can realize the scanning of multi-pass units synchronization under light source power and the sufficiently high condition of detector resolution.
The present embodiment is under the output of Appropriate application frequency-sweeping laser source and the resolution performance prerequisite of detector, in system sample arm 4, adopt first fiber coupler 41 of 1 × 4 sample beam to be divided into 4 way detecting light beams, this a little detecting light beam incoming fiber optic array 43 after fibre delay line 42 forms array and exports, collimating lens 44 projects each sub-detecting light beam on scanning galvanometer 45, the synchronous independent scan that 4 way detecting light beams focus on sample surfaces 4 consecutive points is realized through condenser lens 46, parallel acquisition is carried out to the internal structural information of these 4 scanning elements simultaneously, the scanning imagery speed of OCT system can be risen to original 4 times.Owing to introducing fibre delay line 42, therefore each optical path unit signal has different time delay, can distinguish signal accordingly and process.The method carries out the improvement of multiplexed detection light beam on original system basis, different from parallel OCT structure, does not need multiple light source 1 and multiple detector 5, does not need to increase too many system cost, has very high cost performance.It should be noted that, first fiber coupler 41 of the present embodiment employing 1 × 4 is based under the output of the system source of the present embodiment and the resolution performance prerequisite of detector, as above, those skilled in the art can use the performance parameter of equipment to select the first different fiber couplers 41 according to reality, thus adjustment light splitting optical path number.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment is embodiment the invention be applied in time domain system, and its main technical schemes is identical with embodiment 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, adopts the explanation in embodiment 1, no longer repeats at this.The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: this embodiment is applied to time domain OCT, accordingly, light source adopts femto-second laser, and the reference arm 3 of time domain OCT need carry out corresponding light path scanning, and the introducing of optical delay line is to distinguish each way detection optical path signal.Simultaneously because the investigation depth of OCT is limited, and light source light power limited, adopt femtosecond pulse to detect vitrina (abiotic tissue sample) internal structure in the present embodiment, investigation depth can reach several centimetres, therefore it is very effective to adopt this bypass technology to improve scanning speed.Embodiment 1 adopts expensive high speed frequency-sweeping laser source 1 and high speed detector 5, adopt bypass technology no doubt effectively can improve scanning speed simultaneously, but current main flow optical coherence tomograph apparatus using optical coherence tomography mainly still adopts time domain and frequency domain technique, bypass technology is applied to time domain OCT by the present embodiment targetedly, only need carry out the performance that simple upgrade just significantly can improve equipment on the basis of existing equipment.
embodiment 3
The main technical schemes of the embodiment of frequency domain OCT is identical with embodiment 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, adopts the explanation in embodiment 1, no longer repeats at this.The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: this embodiment is applied to frequency domain OCT, and reference arm need carry out corresponding noise and the virtual image is eliminated, and the introducing of optical delay line is to distinguish each way detection optical path signal.For frequency domain OCT, the multi-point scanning of bypass technology makes light path imaging scanning speed accelerate, but requires higher to spectrogrph minimum resolution, range and dynamic range etc., and owing to limiting by OCT investigation depth, therefore limits the raising of light splitting optical path number.But it is identical with embodiment 2, when adopting the inside of femtosecond pulse to vitrina (abiotic tissue sample) to carry out multi-point scanning, adopt this bypass technology then can improve scanning speed, utilize the optical signal of each son detection light path with sample interior structural information after Fourier transform, reconstruct sample structural model.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention; but not the restriction to the invention protection domain; although done to explain to the invention with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify to the technical scheme of the invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from essence and the scope of the invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. high speed optical coherence tomography system, comprises
Optical beam generating device: generate detecting light beam and the reference beam relevant with detecting light beam;
Sample arm: detecting light beam is scanned on sample to be detected, and detecting light beam produces sample beam through sample reflection;
Optical detection device: make sample beam and sample beam mutually interfere to generate interference light, and described interference light is detected;
It is characterized in that: detecting light beam is also divided into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles by described sample arm, and the sub-detecting light beam of each bundle scans testing sample after the delay that duration/phase place differs.
2. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sample arm comprises the first fiber coupler, fiber array and detection light path, described fiber array comprises at least two fiber units, each fiber unit is connected to fiber coupler through an optical delay line, detecting light beam is separated into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles by described first fiber coupler, each bundle detecting light beam carries out leading after the delay that duration/phase place differs each fiber unit through optical delay line, fiber unit is coupled to make son detect beam Propagation to detecting light path with detection light path, described detection light path makes detecting light beam scan on sample to be detected.
3. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the fiber unit of described fiber array arranges along straight line, to form 1*N formula fiber array, wherein N >=2.
4. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the fiber unit of described fiber array equidistantly distributes.
5. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described optical beam generating device comprises light source and the second fiber coupler, the light beam that described light source sends is decomposed into detecting light beam and reference beam through the second fiber coupler, and described reference beam is through reflecting to form reference beam through reference arm.
6. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described optical beam generating device comprises light source and power amplifier, the light beam that described light source sends by described power amplifier carries out transmitting this second fiber coupler after power expands.
7. high speed optical coherence tomography system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described optical coherence tomography system is Time Domain Optical coherence tomography system or domain optical coherence tomography system.
8. high speed optical coherence chromatography imaging method, it is characterized in that comprising detection steps: detecting light beam is divided into the sub-detecting light beam of at least two bundles, each bundle word detecting light beam scans testing sample after the delay that duration/phase place differs, and detecting devices is distinguished the interference signal of different retardation and detected respectively.
9. high speed optical coherence chromatography imaging method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: all sub-detecting light beams are aligned along Y-direction, the point by point scanning in X direction of detection all sub-detecting light beams in season.
10. high speed optical coherence chromatography imaging method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: described X-direction and Y-direction are mutually vertical.
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| CN109981986A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | The reflective infrared micro scanning optical imaging system restored for image super-resolution |
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| CN116068695A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-05-05 | 电子科技大学 | Integrated photoelectron space division multiplexing optical coherence tomography optical waveguide chip |
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