CN105468400A - Linux user mode based method and system for calling timer - Google Patents
Linux user mode based method and system for calling timer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a linux user mode based method and system for calling a timer. The method comprises: applying for an 8-byte consecutive memory by means of kmalloc in a kernel, and returning a head virtual address kmem of the memory; converting the virtual address kmem to a physical address kphy by means of _pa; enabling a user mode to acquire the physical address kphy from a kernel mode by means of ioctl; converting the physical address kphy to a virtual address umem, used for accessing a user mode address; defining a global variable jiffies in the kernel mode and writing the global variable into the virtual address kmem; enabling the user mode to create an infinite loop thread for performing a while (1), acquiring a value of the jiffies, and acquiring a system time by means of the value of the jiffies; and comparing and determining the system time and a locally stored last time, and calling a user mode timer to process a timer task. Thus, system calling is reduced, and system performance and efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer realm, particularly relate to a kind of method and system calling timer based on linux User space
Background technology
In field of computer technology, timer is a kind of common and necessary technology, it is the aggregate of a series of function, the method provided by using it can make software at a fixed time in complete the function of specifying, its object is to make software at a fixed time in automatically perform certain behaviour and do or task, in a lot of application system or application platform, all will use timer comes the task of execution cycle property or the tasks carrying of particular moment at present, as realized automatic control, the functions such as definition status switching or delay process.
Linux kernel state has oneself timer, the system time of kernel and the task scheduling of correspondence can be obtained, but at present User space neither one User space oneself and the timer synchronous with kernel state, init_timer and add_timer provided by calling linux kernel is provided, to timer initialization, timer is added in the timer of kernel, by the timer of kernel, realize timer-triggered scheduler, to realize the timer processing task that Timing Processing user adds.
But realize above by inner core timer the timer function that user adds, all can produce system call, if the timer processing that system is frequently called or User space adds is too many, so the performance of whole system and efficiency will reduce.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of method and system calling timer based on linux User space, to solve the technical matters that above-mentioned prior art exists.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method and system calling timer based on linux User space, to reduce system call, improve performance and the efficiency of system.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method calling timer based on linux User space is provided, comprises the following steps, step S1, apply for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, return the first virtual address kmem of internal memory; Step S2, described virtual address kmem is passed through _ _ pa order is converted to physical address kphy; Step S3, User space opens Time and obtains described physical address kphy by ioctl letter Number to kernel state; Step S4, described physical address kphy is converted to virtual address umem by User space, is used for carrying out the access of User space address; Step S5, defines a global variable jiffies and writes virtual address kmem in kernel state; Step S6, User space creates the endless loop thread of an execution while (1), obtains the value of described jiffies, obtains system time by the value of jiffies; Step S7, system time described in multilevel iudge and local last time of preserving, the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, in described step S4, the physical address that the virtual address kmem of kernel application is corresponding is kphy, that the virtual address umem of User space is corresponding is same physical address kphy, any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, in described step S5, when a tick interrupt occurs kernel, then jiffies is added 1, when jiffies changes, kernel is just by the numerical value of jiffies write virtual address kmem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, in described step S6, first While circulation obtains the content of virtual address umem, then corresponds to kernel virtual address kmem, gets the value that kernel is written in the described jiffies on virtual address kmem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, in described step S6, While circulation, adds the dormancy of a sleep (10), to arrange circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds backmost.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of system calling timer based on linux User space is provided, comprise kernel state and User space, wherein, kernel state comprises kernel and obtains address location and kernel converting unit, described kernel obtains address location and is used for applying for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, returns the first virtual address kmem of internal memory, and described kernel converting unit is used for virtual address kmem to pass through _ and _ pa order is converted to physical address kphy; User space comprises User space and obtains address location and User space converting unit, and described User space obtains address and is used for when User space starts, and obtains physical address kphy by ioctl function to kernel state; Described User space converting unit is used for physical address kphy to be converted to virtual address umem, is used for carrying out the access of User space address; Kernel state also comprises timing and is loaded into unit, for defining a global variable jiffies and write in virtual address kmem in kernel; User space also comprises circulation thread units, for creating the endless loop thread of an execution while (1), obtaining the value of described jiffies and obtaining system time by the value of jiffies; User space also comprises comparing unit, for multilevel iudge system time and local last time of preserving, and the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, the physical address that the virtual address kmem of described kernel application is corresponding is kphy, that the virtual address umem of User space is corresponding is same physical address kphy, any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, described timing is loaded into unit, when a tick interrupt occurs kernel, then jiffies is added 1, and when jiffies changes, kernel is just by the numerical value of jiffies write virtual address kmem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, described circulation thread units, first While circulation obtains the content of virtual address umem, then corresponds to kernel virtual address kmem, gets the value that kernel is written in the described jiffies on virtual address kmem.
Wherein, in the present invention as stated above, described circulation thread units, also for circulating backmost at described While, adds the dormancy of a sleep (10), ensures circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds.
According to a kind of method and system calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention, the value being obtained kernel state jiffies by User space can obtain system time, system time described in multilevel iudge and local last time of preserving, the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state, to reduce system call, improve performance and the efficiency of system.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention;
Fig. 2 of the present inventionly calls kernel state structural drawing in the system of timer based on linux User space;
Fig. 3 of the present inventionly calls User space structural drawing in the system of timer based on linux User space;
Fig. 4 is the systematic schematic diagram calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment also with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.Should be appreciated that, these describe just exemplary, and do not really want to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, in the following description, the description to known features and technology is eliminated, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring concept of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the method flow diagram calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention;
Shown in Figure 1, the method calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step S1, applies for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, returns the first virtual address kmem of internal memory;
In this step S1, by storage allocation function kmalloc () function, according to grammer, void*kmalloc (size_tsize, intflags) distributes continuous print virtual address in kernel state, wherein, size is the size wanting storage allocation, and in units of byte, in the embodiment of the present invention, size is 8, namely distribute 8 byte continuous print internal memories, and return the first virtual address kmem of internal memory;
Step S2, described virtual address kmem is passed through _ pa order is converted to physical address kphy;
In this step S2, described virtual address kmem passes through _ and pa order is converted to physical address, concrete conversion computation process is exactly, virtual address, size 4 bytes (32bit), contain the information finding physical address, are divided into 3 parts: the 22nd to the 31st these 10 (the highest 10) is the index in page directory, 12nd to the 21st these 10 is the index in page table, and the 0th to the 11st these 12 (low 12) are page bias internals.Processor finds current page catalogue place Physical Page by CR3, get the high 10bit of virtual address, then this 10bit is moved to right 2bit (because each page directory item 4 byte longs, the 2bit that moves to right is equivalent to take advantage of 4) obtain the address in this page, take out this address place PDE (4 bytes), just have found this virtual address corresponding page table place Physical Page, get virtual address the 12nd to the 21st these 10, then this 10bit is moved to right 2bit (because each page table entry 4 byte longs, the 2bit that moves to right is equivalent to take advantage of 4) obtain the address in this page, take out the PTE (4 bytes) at this address place, just have found the address of the corresponding Physical Page of this virtual address, finally add that the page bias internal of 12bit obtains corresponding physical address.
Step S3, User space startup obtains described physical address kphy by ioctl function to kernel state;
By above-mentioned steps S1 and step S2, after kernel state obtains described physical address kphy, User space starts, by obtaining described physical address kphy to the interface function ioctl () that the IO passage of equipment manages to kernel state in device driver.
Step S4, is converted to virtual address umem by described physical address kphy, is used for carrying out the access of User space address;
After step S3 User space obtains described physical address kphy to kernel state, changing described physical address kphy by calculating is virtual address umem;
By above-mentioned steps S1 to described step S4, the physical address that the virtual address kmem of kernel application is corresponding is kphy, and the virtual address umem of User space corresponding be same physical address kphy with kernel, so any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
Step S5, defines a global variable jiffies and writes virtual address kmem in kernel state;
In this step S5, described global variable jiffies is used for noting down the sum having produced ground beat since system starts, during startup, this variable jiffies is initialized as 0 by kernel, whenever there is a tick interrupt in kernel, variable jiffies will be added 1, when variable jiffies changes, the numerical value of variable jiffies is just written in described virtual address kmem by kernel.
Step S6, User space creates the endless loop thread of an execution while (1), obtains the value of described jiffies, obtains system time by the value of jiffies;
In this step S6, User space creates a thread, the endless loop of a While (1) is performed inside thread, first the content of User space virtual address umem is obtained in circulation, at above-mentioned steps S1 to described step S4, User space can be read out by virtual address umem, therefore User space can correspond to kernel virtual address kmem by virtual address umem, gets the value that kernel is written in the described variable jiffies on virtual address kmem; As above, described in step S5, the value of dependent variable jiffies is used to note down the sum having produced ground beat since system starts again, can obtain system time.
Step S7, system time described in multilevel iudge and local last time of preserving, the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
Described While circulation backmost, add the dormancy of a sleep (10), ensure circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds, after obtaining system time by step S6, system time described in multilevel iudge and local last time of preserving, if be greater than 10 milliseconds, i.e. the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
By adopting above-mentioned flow process, i.e. the timer processing of User space establishment, the interface provided by User space, add in the timer of User space, realize the mode that User space calls timer processing, realize Timing Processing task, reduce system call, improve system performance and efficiency.
Fig. 2 shows and of the present inventionly calls kernel state structural drawing in the system of timer based on linux User space; Fig. 3 shows and of the present inventionly calls User space structural drawing in the system of timer based on linux User space; Fig. 4 shows the systematic schematic diagram calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the system calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention, comprises kernel state and User space.
Wherein, described kernel state comprises kernel and obtains address location 1 and kernel converting unit 2, described kernel obtains address location 1 and applies for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, return the first virtual address kmem of internal memory, particularly, by storage allocation function kmalloc () function, according to grammer, void*kmalloc (size_tsize, intflags) in kernel state, continuous print virtual address is distributed, wherein, size is the size wanting storage allocation, in units of byte, in the embodiment of the present invention, size is 8, namely 8 byte continuous print internal memories are distributed, and return the first virtual address kmem of internal memory,
Described virtual address kmem is converted to physical address kphy by _ pa by described kernel converting unit 2, concrete conversion computation process is exactly, virtual address, size 4 bytes (32bit), contain the information finding physical address, be divided into 3 parts: the 22nd to the 31st these 10 (the highest 10) is the index in page directory, the 12nd to the 21st these 10 is the index in page table, and the 0th to the 11st these 12 (low 12) are page bias internals.Processor finds current page catalogue place Physical Page by CR3, get the high 10bit of virtual address, then this 10bit is moved to right 2bit (because each page directory item 4 byte longs, the 2bit that moves to right is equivalent to take advantage of 4) obtain the address in this page, take out this address place PDE (4 bytes), just have found this virtual address corresponding page table place Physical Page, get virtual address the 12nd to the 21st these 10, then this 10bit is moved to right 2bit (because each page table entry 4 byte longs, the 2bit that moves to right is equivalent to take advantage of 4) obtain the address in this page, take out the PTE (4 bytes) at this address place, just have found the address of the corresponding Physical Page of this virtual address, finally add that the page bias internal of 12bit obtains corresponding physical address.
User space comprises User space and obtains address location 4 and User space converting unit 5, described User space obtains address location 4 when User space starts, by obtaining described physical address kphy to interface function ioctl function () that the IO passage of equipment manages to kernel state in device driver.
After User space obtains described physical address kphy to kernel state, change described physical address kphy by described User space converting unit 4 calculating to be used for carrying out the access of User space address into virtual address umem, namely the physical address that the virtual address kmem of kernel application is corresponding is kphy, and the virtual address umem of User space corresponding be same physical address kphy with kernel, so any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
Described kernel state also comprises timing and is loaded into unit 3, for defining a global variable jiffies and write in virtual address kmem in kernel, described global variable jiffies is used for noting down the sum having produced ground beat since system starts, during startup, this variable jiffies is initialized as 0 by kernel, when a tick interrupt occurs kernel, variable jiffies will be added 1, when variable jiffies changes, the numerical value of variable jiffies is just written in described virtual address kmem by kernel.
User space also comprises circulation thread units 6, for creating a thread, the endless loop of a While (1) is performed inside thread, first the content of User space virtual address umem is obtained in circulation, as foregoing description, User space can be read out by virtual address umem, therefore User space can correspond to kernel virtual address kmem by virtual address umem, gets the value that kernel is written in the described variable jiffies on virtual address kmem; As mentioned above, the value of dependent variable jiffies is used to note down the sum having produced ground beat since system starts again, can obtain system time.
Described While circulation backmost, add the dormancy of a sleep (10), ensure circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds, User space also comprises comparing unit 7, the described system time that multilevel iudge obtains and local last time of preserving, if be greater than 10 milliseconds, i.e. the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
By adopting said system, i.e. the timer processing of User space establishment, the interface provided by User space, add in the timer of User space, realize the mode that User space calls timer processing, realize Timing Processing task, reduce system call, improve system performance and efficiency.
In sum, a kind of method and system calling timer based on linux User space of the present invention, the timer processing that User space creates, by the interface that User space provides, add in the timer of User space, realize the mode that User space calls timer processing, realize Timing Processing task, reduce system call, improve system performance and efficiency.
Should be understood that, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention only for exemplary illustration or explain principle of the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, any amendment made when without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, claims of the present invention be intended to contain fall into claims scope and border or this scope and border equivalents in whole change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. call a method for timer based on linux User space, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step S1, applies for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, returns the first virtual address kmem of internal memory;
Step S2, described virtual address kmem is passed through _ pa order is converted to physical address kphy;
Step S3, when User space starts, obtains described physical address kphy by ioctl function to kernel state;
Step S4, described physical address kphy is converted to virtual address umem by User space, is used for carrying out the access of User space address;
Step S5, defines a global variable jiffies and writes virtual address kmem in kernel state;
Step S6, User space creates the endless loop thread of an execution while (1), obtains the value of described jiffies, obtains system time by the value of jiffies;
Step S7, system time described in multilevel iudge and local last time of preserving, the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
2. the method calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S4, the physical address that the virtual address kmem of kernel application is corresponding is kphy, that the virtual address umem of User space is corresponding is same physical address kphy, any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
3. the method calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step S5, whenever there is a tick interrupt in kernel, then jiffies is added 1, when jiffies changes, kernel is just by the numerical value of jiffies write virtual address kmem.
4. the method calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described step S6, first While circulation obtains the content of virtual address umem, correspond to kernel virtual address kmem again, get the value that kernel is written in the described jiffies on virtual address kmem.
5. the method calling timer based on linux User space according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, in described step S6, While circulation, adds the dormancy of a sleep (10) to arrange circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds backmost.
6. call a system for timer based on linux User space, it is characterized in that, comprising: kernel state and User space, wherein,
Kernel state comprises kernel and obtains address location and kernel converting unit, described kernel obtains address location and is used for applying for 8 byte continuous print internal memories at kernel by storage allocation function kmalloc, returning the first virtual address kmem of internal memory, described kernel converting unit is used for virtual address kmem to pass through _ and _ pa order is converted to physical address kphy;
User space comprises User space and obtains address location and User space converting unit, and described User space obtains address and is used for when User space starts, and obtains physical address kphy by ioctl function to kernel state; Described User space converting unit is used for physical address kphy to be converted to virtual address umem, is used for carrying out the access of User space address;
Kernel state also comprises timing and is loaded into unit, for defining a global variable jiffies and write in virtual address kmem in kernel;
User space also comprises circulation thread units, for creating the endless loop thread of an execution while (1), obtaining the value of described jiffies and obtaining system time by the value of jiffies;
User space also comprises comparing unit, for multilevel iudge system time and local last time of preserving, and the timer processing task of timer of invoke user state.
7. the system calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the physical address that the virtual address kmem of described kernel application is corresponding is kphy, that the virtual address umem of User space is corresponding is same physical address kphy, any data that kernel writes to virtual address kmem, User space can be read out by virtual address umem.
8. the system calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described timing is loaded into unit, whenever there is a tick interrupt in kernel, then jiffies is added 1, when jiffies changes, kernel is just by the numerical value of jiffies write virtual address kmem.
9. the system calling timer based on linux User space according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described circulation thread units, first While circulation obtains the content of virtual address umem, correspond to kernel virtual address kmem again, get the value that kernel is written in the described jiffies on virtual address kmem.
10. the system calling timer based on linux User space according to any one of claim 6 to 9, it is characterized in that, described circulation thread units, also for circulating backmost at described While, adds the dormancy of a sleep (10), ensures circulation primary dormancy 10 milliseconds.
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