CN105467609A - Reference light beam splitting method based on Wollaston prism space angle division multiplexing holography, and special-purpose device thereof - Google Patents
Reference light beam splitting method based on Wollaston prism space angle division multiplexing holography, and special-purpose device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105467609A CN105467609A CN201610025212.4A CN201610025212A CN105467609A CN 105467609 A CN105467609 A CN 105467609A CN 201610025212 A CN201610025212 A CN 201610025212A CN 105467609 A CN105467609 A CN 105467609A
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- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
- G02B27/285—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining comprising arrays of elements, e.g. microprisms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/10—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms using modulated reference beam
- G03H1/12—Spatial modulation, e.g. ghost imaging
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reference light beam splitting method based on Wollaston prism space angle division multiplexing holography, and a special-purpose device thereof, belonging to the space angle division multiplexing digital pulse holography field. The beam splitting device is composed of two delay structures, two Wollaston prisms, two light splitting plain films and two double lens convergence systems. The device allows incident pulsed light of a circular polarization state or two vertical linear polarization states to generate transmission pulsed light in a plurality of directions, thereby effectively applying the pulsed light to the space angle division multiplexing holography, changing the direction of reference light simply through a Wollaston prism, and not influencing the convergence direction of reference light beams. Through adjusting the Wollaston prisms, the frequency spectrum of multiplexing holography can be uniformly distributed on the periphery of a zero order image; in addition, the device has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, simple adjustment, etc.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of spatial angular multiplexing pulse digital holography, and mainly solves the problem of generation of multi-angle transmission beams of reference light space in the spatial angular multiplexing pulse digital holography.
Background
Holography was first proposed by DennisGabor, an english scientist, in 1947, and the first hologram was recorded and reproduced in 1948. Holography has the advantages of large information capacity, three-dimensional reconstruction of a reconstructed image and the like.
The initial holography is completed under the coaxial condition, the object light and the reference light are in coherent superposition on the photosensitive device in a coaxial mode, and when the hologram is reproduced, light spots of a zero-order image and a conjugate image are overlapped with a reproduced image, so that the quality of the reproduced image is seriously influenced. American scientists e.n.leith and j.uptnieks in 1962 proposed off-axis holography using an off-axis illumination and reconstruction method, in which reference light and object light are coherent at a specific angle during hologram recording, and fringes containing object light information among interference fringes are formed to be modulated by fringes interfering with reference light having a specific inclination angle. When the hologram is reproduced, when the off-axis reference light is used for illumination, the formed reproduced image is separated from the zero-order image and the conjugate image in space, so that the interference of the zero-order image and the conjugate image to the reproduced image is reduced.
In recent years, holography has been remarkably developed in various fields such as holographic interference, color holography, multiplexed holography, computer holography, and the like. With the rapid development of ultrashort pulse laser, the pulse digital holographic technology formed by combining pulse laser also has remarkable development in the aspect of ultrafast transient process detection. The ultra-short pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser can be utilized to rapidly sample the ultra-fast transient process, so that the purpose of detecting the ultra-fast transient process is achieved.
In pulsed digital holographic systems, the angular multiplexing technology evolved from the original planar angular multiplexing technology to the present day stereoscopic angular multiplexing technology. The multiple reference lights and the multiple object lights used in the plane angle division multiplexing technology are in the same transmission plane. Therefore, the fourier spectrum of the interferogram recorded by the plane-angle division multiplexing technology is distributed on a straight line, and the utilization rate of the spectrum space is low. The stereo angular division multiplexing technology greatly improves the utilization rate of the interior spectrum space and improves the quantity of the reusable sub-holograms on the single-frame hologram.
In order to utilize the spatial bandwidth of the CCD as much as possible, the spatial beam splitting angle of the reference light needs to be optimized in the angle-division multiplexing holography, and the beam splitting method that simply utilizes the combination of the beam splitter plate and the mirror tends to make the spectral distribution of the sub-holograms uneven, making the selection of the spectral filtering window difficult and making the position adjustment of the spectrum too complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of unreasonable spatial distribution of reference light, insufficient utilization of spatial bandwidth of a recording device, complex adjusting mechanism and the like in the prior art, provides a Wollaston prism-based spatial angle multiplexing holography object light beam splitting method, and simultaneously provides a special device for the beam splitting method. And has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, simple adjustment and the like.
Firstly, the invention provides a reference light beam splitting method based on the spatial angle division multiplexing holography of a Wollaston prism, which comprises the following specific steps:
1, pulse laser is incident on a first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) Splitting the beam;
2, in the first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) The upward reflected light beam is incident on a first delay line structure (DL)1) And a second delay line structure (DL)2)；
3, light beams passing through two delay lines are on a second Beam Splitter (BS)2) Combining the beams;
4, in the second Beam Splitter (BS)2) With two mirrors and a third Beam Splitter (BS)3) Constituting a Mach-Zehnder interference system in which the third division plain (BS) is changed3) At a position and angle ofThe two beams of light are combined on the CCD target surface at an included angle theta, and the theta is the beam splitting angle of the Wollaston prism;
5 in the second Beam Splitter (BS)2) The two light paths emitted upwards are respectively loaded with a 4f system, and the distance between the CCD target surface and a second lens in the 4f system is ensured to be strictly equal to the focal length f of the lens;
6 th at the second Beam Splitter (BS)2) A Wollaston prism is arranged on one light path emitted upwards, another Wollaston prism is arranged on the other light path emitted upwards, and the distance between the centers of the two Wollaston prisms and a first lens in a 4f system is strictly equal to the focal length f of the lenses;
and 7, rotating the two Wollaston prisms to enable the direction of emergent light to be positioned at a reasonable position, so that the frequency spectrum of the hologram is uniformly distributed around a zero-order item.
Secondly, the present invention provides a reference beam splitting device for implementing the above method based on wollaston prism spatial angle division multiplexing holography, the device comprising:
two sets of delay lines; two depolarization beam splitters; two sets of two-lens converging systems; two Wollaston prisms; wherein,
first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) The system is used for splitting the ultrashort laser double pulses in the circular polarization state into pulses which are emitted in two directions;
a first delay line structure at the first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) The optical path length of the reflected light path is adjusted so as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
the Wollaston prism is positioned on an emergent light path of the first delay line structure and is used for separating two pulses with mutually vertical optical axis directions by a certain angle theta in space;
a second delay line structure at the first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) On the transmission light path for adjusting the optical path of the transmission light pathSo as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
the Wollaston prism is positioned on an emergent light path of the second delay line structure and is used for separating two pulses with mutually vertical optical axis directions by a certain angle theta in space;
second depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)2) The optical fiber is positioned at the intersection of emergent light of the two Wollaston prisms and is used for combining four paths of light;
the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
in the aspect of generating spatial multi-angle transmission beams, a Wollaston prism-based spatial angle division multiplexing holographic object beam splitting method is provided, so that a complex system in the prior art becomes compact, the direction of reference light can be changed simply by rotating the Wollaston prism, the convergence direction of the reference light beam cannot be influenced, and the frequency spectrum of a multiplexed hologram can be uniformly distributed around a zero-order image. The stability is further improved and the conditioning step is further simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a reference light splitting method of spatial angle division multiplexing holography based on a wollaston prism.
In the figure, 1. first depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)1) 2. first delay line Structure (DL)1) Consisting of two mirrors, 3. second delay line structure (DL)2) A rotatable Wollaston prism consisting of two mirrors, 4. a second depolarizing Beam Splitter (BS)2) (ii) a 5. A rotatable Wollaston prism; 6. a rotatable Wollaston prism; 7. a first lens (L)1) 8. second lens (L)2) 9. third lens (L)3) 10. fourth lens (L)4) 11. depolarization beam combining mirror (BS)3)，L1And L3Form a 4f system, L2And L4Constituting another 4f system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Wollaston prism beam splitting scheme.
Fig. 3 is a reasonable reference light incidence profile.
Fig. 4 is a simulated multiplexed hologram.
Fig. 5 is a simulated hologram spectral distribution.
Detailed Description
The principle on which the invention is based is illustrated below:
in the whole optical path, when the Wollaston prism and the 4f system are not introduced, incident light is divided into two beams of light through a delay line and a light splitting flat sheet, and finally the beams are combined to form an angle theta on the CCD target surface, wherein the theta angle is approximately equal to the splitting angle of the Wollaston prism. The wollaston prism adopts a birefringent crystal, but because the optical axis directions of two wedge-shaped crystals formed by the wollaston prism are mutually perpendicular (see attached figure 2), when light is in normal incidence, pulses in two polarization states can be separately transmitted to two directions on the second wedge-shaped crystal forming the wollaston prism, the basic principle of the wollaston prism can be adopted for space angle adjustment, as shown in figure 2, when the incident pulse light is circularly polarized light, the optical axis directions of the two wollaston prisms are different, one of the two beams generates an included angle theta in a certain direction, the other generates the other two beams in the theta direction, and then the two groups of 4f systems are matched to converge the beams which are diverged after beam splitting and avoid the distortion of the wave surface. Therefore, four reference beams in different directions can be generated, if appropriate object light is introduced, the optical axis direction of the object light is changed by rotating the Wollaston prism, the beam distribution of the graph 3 can be generated, the obtained spatial angle multiplexing hologram is shown as the graph 4, the Fourier transform is carried out on the hologram, the spectrum distribution of the graph 5 can be obtained, the spatial bandwidth of a recording device can be fully utilized, the spatial frequency division multiplexing hologram can be separated in the spectrum space, and the window can be more conveniently taken without being interfered by other spectrum items.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the special device for the reference light beam splitting method based on the spatial angle division multiplexing holography of the wollaston prism comprises:
two sets of delay lines; two depolarization beam splitters; two sets of two-lens converging systems; the surface of each Wollaston prism is plated with an antireflection film; wherein,
first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) The system is used for splitting the ultrashort laser double pulses in the circular polarization state into pulses which are emitted in two directions;
first delay line structure 2 (DL)1) On the first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) The optical path length of the reflected light path is adjusted so as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
at the first delay line structure 2 (DL)1) A rotatable Wollaston prism 5 on the outgoing light path for spatially separating two pulses whose optical axes are perpendicular to each other by a certain angle theta;
second delay line structure 3 (DL)2) On the first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) The optical path of the transmission light path is used for adjusting the optical path of the transmission light path so as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
at the second delay line structure 3 (DL)2) A rotatable Wollaston prism 6 on the outgoing optical path for spatially separating two pulses whose optical axes are perpendicular to each other by a certain angle theta;
second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) The optical fiber is positioned at the intersection of emergent light of the two Wollaston prisms and is used for combining four paths of light;
by a first lens 7 (L)1) And a second lens 8 (L)2) And a third lens 9 (L)3) And fourthLens 10 (L)4) Two 4f systems are formed to converge the four diverging rays.
Example 2:
with reference to fig. 1, the reference light beam splitting method based on the spatial angle division multiplexing holography of the wollaston prism of the present invention comprises:
1, pulse laser is incident on a first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) Splitting the beam;
2, in the first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) The upwardly reflected beam is incident on the first delay line structure 2 (DL)1) And a second delay line structure 3 (DL)2)；
3, the light beams passing through the two delay lines are transmitted to a second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) Combining the beams;
4 th, in the second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) With two mirrors and a depolarizing beam combiner 11 (BS)3) Constituting a Mach-Zehnder interference system in which the depolarizing beam-combining mirror 11 (BS) is varied3) The position and the angle of the CCD target surface are combined to form a beam on the CCD target surface at an included angle theta, wherein the theta is the beam splitting angle of the Wollaston prism;
5 th, in the second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) The two light paths emitted upwards are respectively loaded with a 4f system, and the distance between the CCD target surface and a second lens in the 4f system is ensured to be strictly equal to the focal length f of the lens;
6 th, on the second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) A Wollaston prism is arranged on one light path emitted upwards, another Wollaston prism is arranged on the other light path emitted upwards, and the distance between the centers of the two Wollaston prisms and a first lens in a 4f system is strictly equal to the focal length f of the lenses;
and 7, rotating the two Wollaston prisms to enable the direction of emergent light to be positioned at a reasonable position, so that the frequency spectrum of the hologram is uniformly distributed around a zero-order item.
It is further noted that the device of the present invention functions by the following processes:
1, generating incident light which is two circularly polarized pulse lasers;
2, adjusting the two pulses generated in the step 1 through a delay line to enable the two pulses to have proper optical path delay;
3, vertically enabling a plurality of laser beams with constant phase delay to be incident on the Wollaston prism so as to generate pulse beams in a plurality of directions and realize the purpose of spatial angle separation;
4, converging the multi-directional sub laser beams generated in the step 3 on a target surface or a processing plane of a recording instrument through a double-lens structure (4f system);
in the present invention, in the first depolarizing beam splitter 1 (BS)1) The upwardly reflected beam is incident on the first delay line structure 2 (DL)1) And a second delay line structure 3 (DL)2) While the beams passing through the two delay lines simultaneously pass through a second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) Combining the beams; at the second depolarizing beam splitter 4 (BS)2) One beam of light emitted upwards is incident to a rotatable Wollaston prism 6 which is horizontally arranged, and the other beam of light emitted is incident to a rotatable Wollaston prism 5 which is vertically arranged, so that pulsed light in two directions is respectively generated; two groups of pulse light in the two directions are combined by adopting two 4f systems, so that the convergence of the two groups of pulse light is realized; by using a beam splitter plate depolarizing beam combiner 11 (BS)3) The generated transmission light paths in 4 directions are combined, and the purpose of combining the transmission light paths in 4 different directions is achieved.
Claims (4)
1. A reference light beam splitting method based on Wollaston prism space angle division multiplexing holography is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1, injecting pulse laser into a first depolarization beam splitter BS1Splitting the beam;
2, in the first depolarization spectrum plate BS1The upward reflected light beam is incident on the first delay line structure DL1And a second delay line structure DL2；
3, light beams passing through two delay lines are on a second beam splitting flat plate BS2Combining the beams;
4, in the second beam splitter BS2With two mirrors and a third beam splitter BS3Constituting a Mach-Zehnder interference system in which the third division plain film BS is changed3The position and the angle of the CCD target surface are adjusted to ensure that the two beams of light are combined on the CCD target surface at an included angle theta;
5 th, in the second beam splitter BS2The two light paths emitted upwards are respectively loaded with a 4f system, and the distance between the CCD target surface and a second lens in the 4f system is ensured to be strictly equal to the focal length f of the lens;
6 th, in the second beam splitter BS2A Wollaston prism is arranged on one light path emitted upwards, another Wollaston prism is arranged on the other light path emitted upwards, and the distance between the centers of the two Wollaston prisms and a first lens in a 4f system is strictly equal to the focal length f of the lenses;
and 7, rotating the two Wollaston prisms to enable the direction of emergent light to be at a reasonable position, and ensuring that the frequency spectrum of the hologram is uniformly distributed around a zero-order item.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the Wollaston prism and the 4f system are used for splitting the pulse light and adjusting any angle.
3. A special apparatus for implementing the reference light splitting method of wollaston prism based spatial angle division multiplexing holography according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
two sets of delay lines; two depolarization beam splitters; two sets of two-lens converging systems; two Wollaston prisms; wherein,
first depolarization dispersing flat sheet BS1The system is used for splitting the ultrashort laser double pulses in the circular polarization state into pulses which are emitted in two directions;
a first delay line structure at the first depolarizing beam splitter BS1The optical path length of the reflected light path is adjusted so as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
the rotatable Wollaston prism is positioned on an emergent light path of the first delay line structure and is used for separating two pulses with mutually vertical optical axis directions by a certain angle theta in space;
a second delay line structure located on the first depolarizing beam splitter BS1The optical path of the transmission light path is used for adjusting the optical path of the transmission light path so as to adjust the pulse interval of the two pairs of double pulses;
the rotatable Wollaston prism is positioned on an emergent light path of the second delay line structure and is used for separating two pulses with mutually vertical optical axis directions by a certain angle theta in space;
second depolarization spectrum plate BS2The optical fiber is positioned at the intersection of emergent light of the two rotatable Wollaston prisms and is used for combining four paths of light;
by the first lens L1And a second lens L2And a third lens L3And a fourth lens L4And the 4f system is used for converging the four paths of divergent light rays.
4. The dedicated apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: and antireflection films are plated on the surfaces of the Wollaston prisms.
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