CN114237001B - Binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and method thereof - Google Patents
Binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
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- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
- G03H2001/0088—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for video-holography, i.e. integrating hologram acquisition, transmission and display
Abstract
The invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises: beam splitting prism, first speculum, second speculum, spatial light modulator and holographic optical element, wherein: the beam splitting prism is used for splitting the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector; the first reflector is used for irradiating the first light beam onto the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used for generating a first holographic image light and a second holographic image light; the second reflector is used for irradiating the holographic image light onto the holographic optical element; the holographic optical element is used for acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light and generating a holographic three-dimensional image. According to the invention, the holographic images of the left eye and the right eye are reconstructed by respectively irradiating the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light on the first holographic element and the second holographic element, so that the holographic three-dimensional image is accurately formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of holographic display, in particular to a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and a method thereof.
Background
The technical field of holographic display is an important research field and application field, holographic display is realized through a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), in a holographic display system based on the SLM, due to the fact that the diffraction capability of the current SLM is limited, the viewing angle of a holographic reproduction image is small, the holographic reproduction image can only be watched by a single eye of a viewer, the requirement of the viewer for watching two eyes simultaneously is difficult to meet, and therefore the parallax sense in the stereoscopic perception required by human eyes is lost, and the viewing experience of the viewer is seriously influenced. In order to satisfy the purpose of simultaneous viewing by two eyes of a viewer, the viewing angle of the holographic reconstruction image needs to be expanded, and the viewing angle of the holographic reconstruction image is mainly determined by the pixel pitch of the SLM. Obviously, narrowing the pixel pitch of the SLM can expand the viewing angle of the reconstructed image, but this work is severely limited by the state of the art, which can lead to the problem of unclear holographic three-dimensional imaging.
At present, in order to solve the problem that the holographic three-dimensional image is not accurately viewed by two eyes at the same time, a time division multiplexing method and a space division multiplexing method are generally adopted. The time division multiplexing method generally projects images with different viewing angles to corresponding observation positions according to a certain time sequence by using an SLM (selective laser modulation) with a high frame frequency, and can observe the holographic reconstruction phenomenon in a larger viewing angle range by using the persistence of vision of human eyes. The space division multiplexing method generally uses a plurality of SLMs for ring splicing, and each SLM loads holograms of images with different viewing angles.
However, the time division multiplexing method has a relatively high requirement on the refresh rate of the SLM, and the refresh rate of the spatial light modulator used in the experiment is difficult to meet the requirement, so that the time division multiplexing method can cause the problem of inaccurate holographic three-dimensional imaging. The space division multiplexing method uses a plurality of SLMs, and the pixels of the SLMs are difficult to keep consistent, so that the problem of inaccurate holographic three-dimensional imaging is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and a method thereof, which are used for solving the defect that the holographic three-dimensional image can not be accurately watched by two eyes simultaneously in the prior art and achieving the purpose of accurately watching the holographic three-dimensional image by two eyes.
The invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system, comprising: beam splitting prism, first speculum, second speculum, spatial light modulator and holographic optical element, wherein:
the beam splitting prism is used for splitting the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector;
the first reflector is used for irradiating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for enabling the first light beam and the second light beam to be incident as light sources and generating first holographic image light and second holographic image light according to the first light beam and the second light beam;
the second reflecting mirror is used for irradiating the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light onto the holographic optical element;
the holographic optical element is used for acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
According to the binocular holographic three-dimensional display system provided by the invention, the holographic optical element further comprises a convex lens and a photopolymer;
the convex lens is used for shifting the propagation light path of the second light beam by a preset angle and irradiating the light beam onto the photopolymer;
the photopolymer is used for acquiring the first light beam and the second light beam, forming a holographic three-dimensional image from the light waves meeting the Bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffracting the first holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes.
The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system further comprises a laser;
the laser is used for emitting a thin beam to the beam splitting prism;
and a thin beam emitted by the laser vertically irradiates the beam splitter prism.
The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system further comprises a spatial filter;
the spatial filter is used for expanding the light beam emitted by the laser to generate a wide light beam and irradiating the wide light beam to the beam splitter prism.
The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system further comprises a collimating lens;
the collimating lens is arranged on a light path between the spatial filter and the beam splitter prism and used for converting the wide light beam transmitted by the spatial filter into a parallel light beam and irradiating the parallel light beam onto the beam splitter prism.
The invention also provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display method, which comprises the following steps:
dividing the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam through a light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector;
illuminating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator through the first mirror;
generating first and second hologram image lights from the first and second light beams by the spatial light modulator incident as a light source;
irradiating the first and second hologram image lights onto the hologram optical element through a second reflecting mirror;
acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through a holographic optical element, and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
According to a binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the present invention, before the first light beam and the second light beam are incident as a light source through the spatial light modulator and first holographic image light and second holographic image light are generated according to the first light beam and the second light beam, the method further comprises:
acquiring original images of left and right eyes;
fourier transform is carried out on the original images of the left eye and the right eye to obtain an object plane optical wavelength spectrum;
acquiring holographic surface complex amplitude distribution according to the object plane optical wavelength spectrum;
and generating a synthetic phase hologram according to the holographic surface complex amplitude distribution, and uploading the synthetic phase hologram to a spatial light modulator.
According to the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the invention, before the acquired parallel light beams are divided into the first light beams and the second light beams by the light splitting prism, the method further comprises the following steps:
the laser emits a thin beam to the spatial filter for beam expanding treatment to generate a wide beam;
and irradiating the wide light beam to a collimating lens for collimating to generate a parallel light beam.
According to the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the invention, the acquired parallel light beams are divided into the first light beam and the second light beam through the light splitting prism, the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and before the second light beam irradiates the first reflecting mirror, the method further comprises the following steps:
dividing the acquired parallel light beam into the first light beam and the second light beam through the light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the second reflecting mirror, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflecting mirror;
irradiating the second beam of light onto a photopolymer through the first mirror;
irradiating the first light beam onto the photopolymer through the second mirror;
the first and second beams are acquired through the photopolymer, creating a first holographic optical element.
According to the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the invention, the holographic optical element is used for acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light to generate a holographic three-dimensional image, and the method comprises the following steps:
and forming a holographic three-dimensional image by acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light and light waves meeting the Bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffracting the holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes.
The invention also provides electronic equipment comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the steps of the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method.
The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method as described in any one of the above.
The invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method as described in any one of the above.
The invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and a method thereof.A light splitting prism is used for splitting an acquired parallel light beam into two beams, the two beams of light are respectively irradiated on a spatial light modulator with a synthesized holographic image to generate a first holographic image light and a second holographic image light, the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light are respectively irradiated on a first holographic element and a second holographic element, the holographic images of left and right eyes are reconstructed, and the holographic three-dimensional image is accurately formed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a holographic optical element of a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a light-illuminated holographic optical element provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of holographic three-dimensional imaging provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a beam splitter prism; 2: a first reflecting mirror; 3: a spatial light modulator;
4: a second reflector; 5: a holographic optical element; 51: a convex lens;
52: a photopolymer; 6: a laser; 7: a spatial filter;
8: a collimating lens; 9: a third reflector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Before specifically describing the binocular holographic three-dimensional display system and the method thereof provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the following explanation is made for the appearing technical terms without any specific description:
the spatial light modulator: the micro liquid crystal display is a core device of a system based on micro liquid crystal display technology, such as real-time optical information processing, optical interconnection, optical calculation and the like. Under the control of an electrical or other signal, the SLM can change the amplitude or intensity, phase, polarization, and wavelength of the spatial light distribution. The read-out mode of the read-out light is divided into a reflective mode and a transmissive mode; according to the input control signal, the method is divided into optical addressing and electric addressing; according to the type of modulation mode, there are phase type, amplitude type and complex amplitude type.
Holographic Optical Elements (HOE): the holographic optical element is a device with certain optical function realized by adopting a holographic exposure method and has wavelength and angle selectivity.
Bragg matching conditions are as follows: after the object light wave and the reference light wave interfere in the recording medium to form a grating, the original object light wave information can be reproduced only by irradiating the grating with reproduced light satisfying the Bragg matching condition (2 n Λ sin θ = λ, n is the refractive index of the medium, Λ is the grating fringe interval, and λ is the wavelength of the light wave), and the reflected light of different fringe surfaces is coherently strengthened to form a diffraction order.
Photopolymer: the photopolymer mainly comprises active monomers, a photosensitizer, an initiator, film-forming resin, a plasticizer and the like. When holographic recording is performed, object light and reference light interfere in a recording medium, and a photochemical reaction of a bright area generates free radicals or ions, so that the living monomers are initiated to be polymerized to generate high-molecular polymers. The polymerization reaction reduces the concentration of the active monomer in the bright area, and the active monomer in the dark area diffuses to the bright area. And continuously carrying out photopolymerization reaction, wherein the concentration of the monomers in the bright area is larger than that in the dark area, and the refractive index modulation degree is formed by the refractive index difference between the film-forming resin and the monomers to form the holographic grating.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display system, which mainly includes but is not limited to:
beam splitting prism 1, first mirror 2, second mirror 4, spatial light modulator 3 and holographic optical element 5, wherein:
the beam splitter prism 1 is configured to split an acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam, where the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator 3, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflecting mirror 2;
the first reflector 2 is used for irradiating the first light beam onto the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator 3 is configured to make the first light beam and the second light beam incident as a light source, and generate a first holographic image light and a second holographic image light according to the first light beam and the second light beam;
the second reflecting mirror 4 is configured to irradiate the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light onto the holographic optical element 5;
the holographic optical element 5 is configured to acquire the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light, and generate a holographic three-dimensional image.
Specifically, the light splitting prism 1 is configured to receive a light source, split the acquired light source into a first light beam and a second light beam, and irradiate the first light beam onto the spatial light modulator, where the first light beam and a plane of the spatial light modulator have a certain angle, such as: 45 degrees; the second light beam is passed onto the first mirror 2. The first mirror 2 reflects the second light beam to the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam forms an angle with the plane of the spatial light modulator, which is different from the angle formed by the first light beam and the plane of the spatial light modulator 3, for example: 30 deg.
The beam splitter 1 may be a depolarizing beam splitter 1, and the beam splitter 1 splits the beam into two beams.
The first mirror 2 and the second mirror 4 may be a plane mirror, a spherical mirror, or a metal mirror.
Since the spatial light modulator 3 is preloaded with the composite hologram, when the first beam and the second beam are irradiated onto the spatial light modulator, and the spatial light modulator reflects the first beam to the second reflecting mirror 4, further reflects the first beam to the hologram optical element 5, and directly irradiates the second beam onto the hologram optical element 5, the first hologram image light is generated from the first beam and the second beam. The first holographic optical element 5 generates a first holographic three-dimensional image after acquiring the first holographic image light.
After generating the first holographic three-dimensional image, the spatial light modulator 3 generates second holographic image light from the first light beam and the second light beam, and the second holographic optical element generates a second holographic three-dimensional image after acquiring the second holographic image light.
And generating a holographic three-dimensional image according to the acquired first holographic three-dimensional image and the acquired second holographic three-dimensional image, so that the holographic three-dimensional image can be watched by two eyes.
The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system provided by the invention divides an acquired parallel light beam into two beams through the beam splitter prism, respectively irradiates the two beams of light to the spatial light modulator with a synthesized holographic image to generate a first holographic image light and a second holographic image light, respectively irradiates the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light to the first holographic element and the second holographic element, reconstructs the left-eye and right-eye holographic images and accurately forms a holographic three-dimensional image.
Further, the holographic optical element 5 further includes a convex lens 51 and a photopolymer 52;
the convex lens 51 is used for shifting the propagation path of the second light beam by a preset angle and irradiating the second light beam onto the photopolymer 52;
the photopolymer 52 is configured to obtain the first light beam and the second light beam, form a holographic three-dimensional image from light waves satisfying a bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffract the first holographic three-dimensional image to a human eye.
Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the production of the holographic optical element of the binocular holographic three-dimensional display system provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the holographic optical element 5 further includes a convex lens 51 and a photopolymer 52. The convex lens 51 is used for shifting the propagation path of the parallel light by a preset angle and irradiating the light onto the photopolymer 52, so that the incident angle of the light can be changed.
After passing through the beam splitter prism 1, the parallel light beam generates a first light beam and a second light beam, which pass through the third reflecting mirror 9 to form parallel light and spherical light, the parallel light is irradiated onto the photopolymer 52 through the second reflecting mirror 4, and the spherical light is irradiated onto the photopolymer 52 through the convex lens 51. The first and second beams are incident on the third mirror 9 at the same angle as the first and second beams are incident on the surface of the spatial light modulator 3. After the parallel light and the spherical light irradiate the photopolymer 52, the parallel light and the spherical light interfere with each other to generate a holographic optical element, and the holographic optical element selects the wavelength according to the Bragg condition matching condition by irradiating the light rays with the same angle, so that the light waves meeting the Bragg condition wavelength are respectively diffracted to human eyes by the HOE.
Wherein the third mirror 9 is used to adjust the angle at which the holographic optical element 5 is made.
The invention forms the holographic optical element by irradiating the parallel light and the spherical light on the photopolymer through different angles, and reconstructs the synthesized holographic images of the left eye and the right eye according to the holographic optical element to reproduce the holographic three-dimensional image.
Further, a laser 6 is also included;
the laser 6 is used for emitting a thin beam to the beam splitting prism 1;
the fine light beam emitted by the laser 6 vertically irradiates the beam splitting prism 1.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the laser 6 is used to emit a thin beam to the beam splitter prism 1, and the thin beam may be processed to form a wide beam, and then irradiated onto the beam splitter prism 1. The beam emitted by the laser 6 is perpendicularly irradiated onto the beam splitting prism 1.
The invention can obtain stable light source by irradiating with light beam emitted by laser, which is beneficial to forming stable holographic three-dimensional image.
Further, a spatial filter 7 is also included;
the spatial filter 7 is configured to perform beam expansion processing on the light beam emitted by the laser 6 to generate a wide light beam, and irradiate the wide light beam onto the beam splitter prism 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the spatial filter 7 is configured to perform beam expansion processing on the light beam emitted by the laser 6 to generate a wide light beam, and irradiate the wide light beam onto the light splitting prism 1.
The spatial filter 7 may be a diaphragm filter, and the spatial filter 7 is provided to block the zeroth order light, conjugate light, and higher order diffracted light and allow only the plus first order diffracted light to pass therethrough.
The invention screens out light influencing an imaging result by setting spatial filtering, and is beneficial to forming a holographic three-dimensional image.
Further, a collimating lens 8 is also included;
the collimating lens 8 is disposed on the light path between the spatial filter 7 and the light splitting prism 1, and is configured to convert the wide light beam transmitted by the spatial filter 7 into a parallel light beam and irradiate the parallel light beam onto the light splitting prism 1.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the optical system further includes a collimating lens 8, which is disposed on the optical path between the spatial filter 7 and the light splitting prism 1, and is configured to convert the wide light beam transmitted by the spatial filter 7 into a parallel light beam and irradiate the parallel light beam onto the light splitting prism 1.
The invention adopts the collimating lens to collimate the light on the light path. The light is processed into parallel beams, which is beneficial to forming accurate holographic three-dimensional images.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a binocular holographic three-dimensional display method, which includes:
Specifically, the light splitting prism splits an acquired light source into a first light beam and a second light beam, and irradiates the first light beam onto the spatial light modulator, where the first light beam and a plane of the spatial light modulator have a certain angle, such as: 45 degrees; the second light beam is passed onto the first mirror 2.
Specifically, after the first mirror acquires the second light beam, the second light beam is reflected to the spatial light modulator, and a certain angle exists between the second light beam and the plane of the spatial light modulator, where the angle is different from an included angle between the first light beam and the plane of the spatial light modulator, such as: 30 deg.
Specifically, since the spatial light modulator is preloaded with the composite hologram, when the first beam and the second beam are irradiated onto the spatial light modulator, and the spatial light modulator reflects the first beam to the second mirror, reflects the first beam to the hologram optical element, and directly irradiates the second beam to the hologram optical element, the first hologram image light is generated from the first beam and the second beam. After generating the first holographic image light, the spatial light modulator generates a second holographic image light from the first light beam and the second light beam.
Specifically, after the first and second hologram image lights are generated, the first and second hologram image lights are irradiated onto the hologram optical element, respectively.
Specifically, the first holographic optical element generates a first holographic three-dimensional image after acquiring the first holographic image light. After the first holographic three-dimensional image is generated, the spatial light modulator generates second holographic image light according to the first light beam and the second light beam, and the second holographic optical element generates a second holographic three-dimensional image after acquiring the second holographic image light.
And generating a holographic three-dimensional image according to the acquired first holographic three-dimensional image and the acquired second holographic three-dimensional image, so that the holographic three-dimensional image can be watched by two eyes.
The binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the invention has the advantages that the acquired parallel light beam is divided into two beams through the beam splitter prism, the two beams of light are respectively irradiated on the spatial light modulator with the synthesized holographic image to generate a first holographic image light and a second holographic image light, the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light are respectively irradiated on the first holographic element and the second holographic element, the left-eye holographic image and the right-eye holographic image are reconstructed, and the holographic three-dimensional image is accurately formed.
Further, the generating, by the spatial light modulator, the first and second light beams as a light source further includes:
acquiring original images of left and right eyes;
fourier transform is carried out on the original images of the left eye and the right eye, and an object plane optical wavelength spectrum is obtained;
acquiring holographic surface complex amplitude distribution according to the object plane optical wavelength spectrum;
and generating a synthetic phase hologram according to the holographic surface complex amplitude distribution, and uploading the synthetic phase hologram to a spatial light modulator.
Specifically, first, a stereo camera is set in computer graphics software to capture left and right eye images of a three-dimensional object, which are used as an information source for hologram calculation.
Then, fourier transform is carried out on the input image once to obtain an object plane optical wave field O h (x, y) spectrum. Then obtaining the holographic surface complex amplitude distribution U according to the object plane optical wavelength spectrum h (u, v) the spectrum of the object plane passing light wave field and a Fresnel diffraction transfer function H F (f x ，f y ) The inverse fourier transform of the product is obtained, the formula for which is:
U h (u，v)＝F -1 {F{O h (x，y)}·H F (f x ，f y )}
wherein F is Fourier transform, F -1 For inverse Fourier transform, λ is the laser wavelength, k is the wavevector, z is the diffraction distance, (f) x ，f y ) Are frequency domain coordinates.
Transfer function H F (f x ，f y ) The sampling unit in the frequency domain must satisfy the following equation:
Δf x ＝1/(M×Δu′)，Δf y ＝1/(N×Δv)
where M is the lateral resolution of the hologram, Δ u 'is the effective length of the SLM pixel according to the geometric projection when the horizontal angle of the parallel light to the SLM normal is θ, N is the vertical resolution of the hologram, (M × Δ u') is the effective length of the SLM according to the geometric projection when the horizontal angle of the parallel light to the SLM normal is θ, (N × Δ v) is the width of the SLM, and Δ v is the width of each pixel of the SLM.
Wherein, Δ u' can be obtained by the following formula:
Δu′＝Δu·cos(θ)
in the formula, θ is an angle between the light beam and the plane of the spatial light modulator.
The left and right eye images acquired by the spatial light modulator are processed, or are uploaded to the spatial light modulator after the processing of the terminal equipment is completed.
According to the invention, fourier transformation is carried out on the original images of the left eye and the right eye, the complex amplitude distribution of the holographic surface is obtained according to the object plane optical wavelength spectrum of the u-channel, the light of the SLM and the incident SLM is subjected to off-axis correction, the separation angle of two holographic reproduction images emitted by the SLM is enlarged, and accurate formation of a holographic three-dimensional image is facilitated.
Further, before the splitting the acquired parallel light beam into the first light beam and the second light beam by the beam splitter prism, the method further includes:
the laser emits a thin beam to the spatial filter for beam expanding processing to generate a wide beam;
and irradiating the wide light beam to a collimating lens for collimating to generate a parallel light beam.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a laser is used to emit a thin beam to a spatial filter, and perform beam expansion processing to generate a wide beam, and then irradiate the wide beam to a collimating lens to perform collimation processing, so as to generate a parallel beam.
According to the invention, the thin beams emitted by the laser are subjected to beam expanding treatment and collimating treatment in sequence, so that the thin beams are converted into parallel beams suitable for generating a holographic image, and the holographic three-dimensional image is favorably and accurately formed.
Further, the splitting the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam by a beam splitter prism, where the first light beam is irradiated onto the spatial light modulator, and before the second light beam is irradiated onto the first mirror, the method further includes:
dividing the acquired parallel light beam into the first light beam and the second light beam through the light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the second reflecting mirror, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflecting mirror;
irradiating the second beam of light onto a photopolymer through the first mirror;
irradiating the first light beam onto the photopolymer through the second mirror;
the first and second beams are acquired through the photopolymer, creating a first holographic optical element.
Specifically, in this embodiment, a light source is received through a beam splitter prism, the obtained light source is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam, and the first light beam is irradiated onto a second reflecting mirror; the second beam is passed onto the first mirror. After the first reflector acquires the second light beam, the second light beam is reflected to the photopolymer, and a certain angle exists between the second light beam and the plane of the photopolymer, for example: 30 deg. The second mirror reflects the first beam onto the photopolymer after it has captured the first beam at an angle, such as 45, to the plane of the photopolymer. After the first optical book and the second light beam are irradiated to the first holographic optical element, interference occurs between the first optical book and the second light beam, forming the first holographic optical element.
For example, in the present embodiment, after the first and second light beams interfere with each other and the first hologram optical element is manufactured, the first hologram optical element acquires the first and second light beams again by irradiating the same light beam, and irradiates the first hologram optical element with the first light beam to generate the first holographic three-dimensional image, and records the first holographic three-dimensional image. Then, by updating the convex lens in the hologram optical element, a second hologram optical element is acquired.
After the second holographic optical element is obtained, the first light beam and the second light beam can be made to enter the second holographic optical element at different angles by rotating the second holographic optical element, the second holographic optical element generates a second holographic three-dimensional image according to the irradiation path of the parallel light, and the second holographic optical image is diffracted to the right eye of a person.
Meanwhile, the purpose of simultaneously watching the holographic three-dimensional images through two eyes can be achieved according to the fact that the first holographic three-dimensional image and the second holographic three-dimensional image are diffracted to two eyes of a person.
For example, FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a light-illuminated holographic optical element provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the first light beam I is at an angle θ 1 Is incident on the photopolymer of the HOE and the second beam is incident on a convex lens with a focal length of 150mm to create a spherical surfaceWavefront II, at declination angle θ 2 Is incident on the photopolymer of the HOE. Wherein, theta 2 Is the angle between the central light of the spherical wave and the photopolymer. The two beams interfere to generate and record a first holographic optical element, and the first holographic optical element generates a first holographic three-dimensional image by acquiring the parallel light and the spherical light again and irradiating the first holographic optical element according to the parallel light.
Then, by rotating the holographic optical element, the first light beam III is deflected by an angle theta 3 Is incident on the HOE, the second beam incident lens generates a spherical wavefront IV at an angle theta 4 The HOE is incident. The two beams interfere to generate and record a second holographic optical element, and the second holographic optical element acquires the parallel light and the spherical light again and irradiates the second holographic optical element according to the parallel light to generate a second holographic three-dimensional image. The two sets of HOE diffraction efficiencies are made almost equal by strictly controlling the exposure amount of the process of recording the first holographic optical element and the process of recording the second holographic optical element.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of holographic three-dimensional image imaging provided by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the left and right eye composite phase holograms propagate to the holographic optical element through the first light beam and the second light beam at different angles. The propagation paths of the central rays of the two sets of holographic three-dimensional images are rays AC and BC, respectively. The hologram optical element diffracts the holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes through paths CR and CL according to light propagation paths AC and BC. Wherein, the central light is the light directly irradiated to the HOE by the spatial light modulator.
According to the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method, the acquired parallel light beam is divided into two beams by the beam splitter prism, and the two beams of light are respectively irradiated on the photopolymer to generate the holographic optical element, so that the holographic three-dimensional image can be accurately formed.
Further, the acquiring, by the holographic optical element, the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light to generate a holographic three-dimensional image includes:
and forming a first holographic three-dimensional image by obtaining the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light and light waves meeting the Bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffracting the first holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes.
Specifically, after the first hologram image light and the second hologram image light are obtained, the same angle of light is irradiated onto the hologram optical element again, and diffraction is performed according to the propagation path of the obtained parallel light. Because the holographic optical element has wavelength selectivity, light waves meeting the wavelength of the Bragg matching condition are respectively diffracted to human eyes by the HOE, the human eyes can see a virtual image imaged at a far distance, and the ambient light does not meet the angle and the wavelength selectivity of the volume holographic optical element and can enter the human eyes through the volume holographic optical element without interference.
The holographic optical element is adopted to generate the holographic three-dimensional image, and the accurate light wave which is favorable for forming the holographic three-dimensional image can be obtained according to the wavelength selectivity of the holographic optical element, so that the holographic three-dimensional image is favorable for generating.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor) 601, a communication Interface (Communications Interface) 602, a memory (memory) 603 and a communication bus 604, wherein the processor 601, the communication Interface 602 and the memory 603 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 604. The processor 601 may call the logic instructions in the memory 603 to execute the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the method, for example, the method includes: dividing the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam through a beam splitter prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector; illuminating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator through the first mirror; generating first and second hologram image lights from the first and second light beams by the spatial light modulator incident as a light source; irradiating the first and second hologram image lights onto the hologram optical element through a second reflecting mirror; acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through the holographic optical element, and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 603 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being storable on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, being capable of executing the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the above-mentioned method embodiments, the method for example comprising: dividing the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam through a light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector; illuminating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator through the first mirror; generating first and second hologram image lights from the first and second light beams by the spatial light modulator incident as a light source; irradiating the first and second hologram image lights onto the hologram optical element through a second reflecting mirror; acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through the holographic optical element, and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor is implemented to perform the binocular holographic three-dimensional display method provided by the above method embodiments, the method for example comprising: dividing the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam through a light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector; illuminating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator through the first mirror; the first light beam and the second light beam are incident as a light source through the spatial light modulator, and first holographic image light and second holographic image light are generated according to the first light beam and the second light beam; irradiating the first and second hologram image lights onto the hologram optical element through a second reflecting mirror; acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through the holographic optical element, and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A binocular holographic three dimensional display system, comprising: beam splitting prism, first speculum, second speculum, spatial light modulator and holographic optical element, wherein:
the beam splitting prism is used for splitting the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector;
the first reflector is used for irradiating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for enabling the first light beam and the second light beam to be incident as light sources and generating first holographic image light and second holographic image light according to the first light beam and the second light beam;
the second reflecting mirror is used for irradiating the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light onto the holographic optical element;
the holographic optical element is used for acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
2. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system of claim 1, wherein the holographic optical element comprises a convex lens and a photopolymer;
the convex lens is used for generating deviation of a preset angle on a propagation light path of the second light beam and irradiating the deviation onto the photopolymer;
the photopolymer is used for acquiring the first light beam and the second light beam, forming a holographic three-dimensional image from the light waves meeting the Bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffracting the first holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes.
3. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system of claim 1, further comprising a laser;
the laser is used for emitting a thin beam to the beam splitter prism;
and a thin beam emitted by the laser vertically irradiates the beam splitter prism.
4. The binocular holographic three dimensional display system of claim 3, further comprising a spatial filter;
the spatial filter is used for expanding the light beam emitted by the laser to generate a wide light beam and irradiating the wide light beam to the beam splitter prism.
5. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display system of claim 4, further comprising a collimating lens;
the collimating lens is arranged on a light path between the spatial filter and the beam splitter prism and used for converting the wide light beam transmitted by the spatial filter into a parallel light beam and irradiating the parallel light beam onto the beam splitter prism.
6. A binocular holographic three-dimensional display method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing the acquired parallel light beam into a first light beam and a second light beam through a light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflector;
illuminating the second light beam onto the spatial light modulator through the first mirror;
generating first and second hologram image lights from the first and second light beams by the spatial light modulator incident as a light source;
irradiating the first and second hologram image lights onto a hologram optical element through a second reflecting mirror;
acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through the holographic optical element, and generating a holographic three-dimensional image.
7. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display method of claim 6, wherein the generating the first and second holographic image lights from the first and second light beams by the spatial light modulator as a light source further comprises:
acquiring original images of left and right eyes;
fourier transform is carried out on the original images of the left eye and the right eye to obtain an object plane optical wavelength spectrum;
acquiring holographic surface complex amplitude distribution according to the object plane optical wavelength spectrum;
and generating a synthetic phase hologram according to the holographic surface complex amplitude distribution, and uploading the synthetic phase hologram to a spatial light modulator.
8. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display method according to claim 6, wherein before the splitting of the acquired parallel light beams into the first light beam and the second light beam by the beam splitter prism, further comprising:
the laser emits a thin beam to the spatial filter for beam expanding treatment to generate a wide beam;
and irradiating the wide light beam to a collimating lens for collimating to generate a parallel light beam.
9. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display method according to claim 6, wherein the splitting of the acquired parallel light beams by the beam splitter prism into a first light beam and a second light beam, the first light beam being irradiated onto the spatial light modulator, and the second light beam being irradiated onto the first reflecting mirror before, further comprising:
dividing the acquired parallel light beam into the first light beam and the second light beam through the light splitting prism, wherein the first light beam irradiates the second reflecting mirror, and the second light beam irradiates the first reflecting mirror;
irradiating the second beam of light onto a photopolymer through the first mirror;
irradiating the first light beam onto the photopolymer through the second mirror;
acquiring the first and second light beams by the photopolymer, generating a first holographic optical element.
10. The binocular holographic three-dimensional display method of claim 6, wherein the acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light by the holographic optical element to generate a holographic three-dimensional image comprises:
and acquiring the first holographic image light and the second holographic image light through the holographic optical element, forming a holographic three-dimensional image by using the light waves meeting the Bragg condition matching condition wavelength, and diffracting the holographic three-dimensional image to human eyes.
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| US5966223A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1999-10-12 | Yeda Research & Development Co., Ltd. | Planar holographic optical device |
| CN109085700A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-25 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | The nearly eye AR display system of in-line holographic of no zero order light interference and its application and hologram optimization method |
| CN109100874A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of nearly eye real three-dimensional display system and its method based on holographic optical elements (HOE) |
| CN112269308A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | Holographic display system based on pure-phase composite curved surface hologram |
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| US5966223A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1999-10-12 | Yeda Research & Development Co., Ltd. | Planar holographic optical device |
| CN109100874A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of nearly eye real three-dimensional display system and its method based on holographic optical elements (HOE) |
| CN109085700A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-25 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | The nearly eye AR display system of in-line holographic of no zero order light interference and its application and hologram optimization method |
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