CN105467277A - Power distribution network mixed fault range finding method and device based on PMUs - Google Patents
Power distribution network mixed fault range finding method and device based on PMUs Download PDFInfo
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- CN105467277A CN105467277A CN201610023075.0A CN201610023075A CN105467277A CN 105467277 A CN105467277 A CN 105467277A CN 201610023075 A CN201610023075 A CN 201610023075A CN 105467277 A CN105467277 A CN 105467277A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/22—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution network mixed fault range finding method and device based on PMUs. The device is provided with an information processing substation in a transformer station; each section switch on a main trunk is provided with an FTU; the first terminal of each branch line is provided with an FI; meanwhile the transformer station and the rear end of the main trunk are both provided with a PUM; the PMUs on two sides both perform real-time communication with a satellite perform through a GPS receiver, and transmit electric quantity information before and after faults to the information processing substation in real time; the FTU and the FI are in connection with a transformer substation through a radio communication channel. Based on a mode of firstly determining a segment and secondly performing distance finding, the device and method perform accurate fault range finding of a power distribution network by employing a PMU-based mixed fault range finding method, i.e., the combination of a PMU-based double-ended synchronization phasor method and a single-ended impedance method, thereby eliminating pseudo fault points and realizing high precision fault range finding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU and device, belong to electric network fault ranging technology field.
Background technology
2011, the intelligent grid major project research that the Department of Science and Technology disposes at the advanced energy technology field of national high-tech research development plan (863 Program) was in full swing.As the important component part of intelligent grid, intelligent distribution network is the source and the power that promote intelligent grid development, is also the key technology area that intelligent grid is built.The characteristic feature that intelligent power distribution network operation controls realizes self-healing control, one of gordian technique of intelligent distribution network self-healing control is the localization of fault, network reconfiguration and the service restoration that realize under failure condition, the inexorable trend of following electric power network technique development that to take self-healing as the intelligent distribution network of feature be.Power distribution network, as the end of power network, directly reflects user's proposed requirement in electric energy safe, high-quality, economic dispatch.Along with the development of China's distribution network, user has higher requirement to the reliability of power supply and power supply quality, once distribution network breaks down, the position of fault generation should be found out as early as possible and take isolation, propose countermeasure and recover power supply to user, therefore fault is accurately located and seemed particularly important.
At present, there is large quantifier elimination to the application of synchronous phasor measuring device (PMU) on power distribution network abroad, and had actual application.On the diagnosis of power distribution network, the application of PMU comprises localization of fault and detection, islanding detect, state estimation, voltage stability are monitored and electric energy quality monitoring and accident post analysis.Application in control comprises protection and control, voltage and reactive power optimization, micro electric network coordination and power system recovery etc. to power distribution network.Therefore, PMU is applied in power distribution network, is not only and is necessary, and be inexorable trend of following power distribution network development.At home, State Grid Corporation of China is pointing out about the suggestion the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period strengthening Power Grid Dispatching Work, PMU to be disposed at 330 kilovolts and above main grid structure and power plant of the Wang Nei main force, realize country, region, economize the networking of three grades of wide area measurement systems, improve electrical network kinetic measurement level, but less in the research of distribution web-based applications to PMU.And fault detector FI technology is comparatively ripe, and its reliable operation, cost is low, and existing large-tonnage product is applied to electric system.
Short circuit fault of power distribution network location technology comprises failure line selection, section location and fault localization, and its technical difficulty increases progressively step by step.At present, the achievement in research of domestic and international localization of fault is a lot, but is mostly for 110KV and above ultra-high-tension power transmission line, and the Fault-Locating Test of mesolow distribution line is still in conceptual phase.Localization of fault research majority based on PMU concentrates on transmission system, not about the research in short circuit fault of power distribution network location.
At present, the method being applicable to the short trouble range finding of power distribution network has: traveling wave method, impedance method and the localization method based on distribution automation system.Traveling wave method is difficult to the catadioptric ejected wave distinguishing the generation of wave impedance point of discontinuity, and the traveling wave detector equipment not having cost performance suitable; Localization method based on distribution automation system can only realize fault section location, and higher to distribution network automated level requirement, and secondly reclosing is comparatively large to system shock simultaneously, easily causes and has a power failure on a large scale; Measuring junction needed for impedance method is few, is easy to realize, and can be applicable to the power distribution network only having single-ended measuring condition.Therefore impedance method is utilized to be practicable for the localization of fault realizing huge power distribution network.The fault localization of single-ended impedance method only needs single ended voltage, electric current as input quantity, and be applicable to various types of faults of heavy current grounding system, be one of ranging technology that application is more at present, and this technical costs is lower, easy to implement, be applicable to distribution system in large scale.Both-end synchronized phasor telemetry fast response time, distance accuracy is high, is applicable to the phasor measurement under fault condition.But, still do not have one under the multiple uncertain factors such as different short trouble type, fault resstance, fault distance, the fault localization of degree of precision can be realized in said method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly be easy to realize, precision is high, the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU of avoiding pseudo-fault point to disturb and device, the method combines based on the both-end synchronized phasor method of PMU and single-ended impedance method, eliminate pseudo-fault point, still effectively feasible under the multiple uncertain factors such as different short trouble type, fault resstance, fault distance, the fault localization of degree of precision can be realized.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU, at each branch's head end of power distribution network, fault detector FI is installed, at each block switch of backbone, feeder terminal unit FTU is installed, in transformer station and backbone end, a synchronous phasor measuring device PMU is respectively installed, by the PMU based on gps signal voltage before and after distribution network failure, electric current carried out to the measurement under same markers, and the phase place providing markers unified and amplitude information, obtain the phase angle difference between any two nodes of the whole network; Like this, when power distribution network breaks down, in fault loop, FTU and FI at each block switch place has fault current and flows through and produce alerting signal, and this alerting signal is uploaded to subsystem in substation, corresponding fault section or fault branch is drawn again by Logic judgment, if fault section is between transformer station and N bus, then the both-end synchronized phasor method based on transformer station and N place synchronous measure is adopted to measure the distance of trouble spot to transformer station; If fault occurs in branch feeder, then the single-ended impedance method based on both-end PMU is adopted to measure the distance of trouble spot to transformer station.
In said method, the fault localization of described backbone is synchronous electric tolerance before and after the fault that obtains of the PMU measurement of installing based on transformer station and N place, symmetrical component method is utilized to carry out the phase-model transformation of electric parameters before and after fault, obtain three separate sequence phase components, the electric parameters that after the fault recorded by PMU, electric parameters deducts under normal circumstances obtains fault component.
In said method, described both-end synchronized phasor method is the localization of fault directly utilizing positive sequence fault component can realize all fault types, do not need to know fault generation phase in advance, and not by the impact of fault resstance, ensure that the accuracy of backbone fault localization.
In said method, described single-ended impedance method is that voltage and current three order components at fault section upstream node place when utilizing fault can realize all fault types location.
In said method, described fault type comprises single-phase grounding fault, two-phase phase fault, two-phase short circuit and ground fault and three phase short circuit fault.
A kind of power distribution network mixed fault distance measuring equipment based on PMU built by said method, comprise transformer station, the backbone be connected with transformer station and the branch line be connected on backbone, information processing substation is provided with in transformer station, each block switch of backbone is all provided with feeder terminal unit FTU, at the head end of every bar branch line, fault detector FI is installed, in transformer station and backbone end, synchronous phasor measuring device PMU is installed simultaneously, the PMU of both sides carries out real-time communication by GPS and satellite and the electric quantity information before and after fault is transferred to information processing substation, FTU with FI is connected with information processing substation by wireless communication simultaneously.
In said apparatus, for the radial distribution system of 10KV multiple-limb, only need respectively install a PMU in transformer station and backbone end can realize the accurate fault localization of distribution feeder.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the invention has the advantages that: on the present invention basis that formerly section of determining is found range afterwards, the mixed fault telemetry that have employed based on synchronous phasor measuring device (PMU) carries out the accurate short trouble range finding of power distribution network, be about to the both-end synchronized phasor method based on PMU and the combination of single-ended impedance method, eliminate the problem of pseudo-fault point, and still can realize the fault localization of degree of precision under the multiple uncertain factors such as different short trouble type, fault resstance, fault distance.In addition, the present invention overcomes the actual imbalance of electric line parameter to the impact of fault localization precision well according to phase-model transformation principle, both the circuit that do not replace had been applicable to, also various transposition circuit is applicable to, and the both-end fundamental frequency electric parameters Fault Locating Method of the present invention's employing is not subject to the impact of fault type and stake resistance, can realize the fault localization of degree of precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 10KV distribution system structural drawing in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is PMU structure drawing of device in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is FTU hardware overall framework figure in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is TMS320LF2407 and RS-232 communication interface circuit in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the basic block diagram of fault detector FI in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is simple radial pattern distribution line system line chart in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the overall procedure block diagram of distribution network failure location in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is location algorithm simulating, verifying line chart in the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the both-end distance measuring error curve diagram based on PMU in the present invention;
Figure 10 is the single end distance measurement error curve diagram based on PMU in the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiments of the invention: Fig. 1 is 10KV distribution system structural drawing, BRK represents transformer station's wire-outgoing breaker, S1 ~ S4 represents block switch backbone being equipped with feeder terminal unit (FTU), S5 ~ S7 represents that branch feeder does not fill the block switch of feeder terminal unit (FTU), FI1 ~ FI3 represents the fault detector (FI) being installed in branch distribution feeder line head end, transformer station and trunk feeder end respectively install a synchronous phasor measuring device (PMU), and transformer station is as information processing substation.PMU1 and PMU2 provides a pps pulse per second signal and a time tag by gps receiver, time can be the local time, also can be clock time international standard time, pulse signal obtains the simulating signal sampling pulse needed by phase locked crystal oscillator segmentation, simulating signal is through the voltage and current signal after transformer and filter process.The fault current information that FTU and FI detects simultaneously uploads to information processing substation by high-speed communication passage cable or optical fiber.In view of the feature of FI low cost and high reliability, the localization of fault using it to a large amount of branch feeders realizing existing in power distribution network is practicable, is also both economical.The distance measuring equipment combination of PMU, FTU and FI of proposing according to the present invention is carried out 10KV distribution system fixed point and is installed, and outside guarantee distribution network failure higher positioning accuracy, also can realize the economy of three kinds of equipment configurations.As shown in Figure 2, PMU adopts the design philosophy of function modoularization to the apparatus structure of PMU, and be conducive to the versatility improving device hardware like this, namely the device of difference in functionality can combine configuration on demand by identical each functional module, achieves the standardization of functional module.This device mainly can be divided into a few part composition such as phasor measurement module, measuring power angle module, GPS time block, switching value measurement module, local data switching control module, data management module, phase place concentrator and man-machine interface, the corresponding device plug-in unit of every part.In addition, be responsible for the power insert, AC plug-in unit etc. that provide power supply and signal conversion in addition, such plug-in unit containing CPU, is not called non intelligent plug-in unit.Each plug-in unit that power insert is device by the power lead on core bus provides power supply.Unless other module outside chip card all had a complicated Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) produce sampling pulse and 20ms interrupts, the pulse per second (PPS) (lpps) that during GPS couple, module reception satellite is sent and universal time (UTC), and be CPLD pulse per second (PPS) being outputted to other modules by the signal wire on backboard, interrupt with the 20ms of synchronous each module, each module interrupts carrying out synchronously sampling pulse when arriving at 20ms.Device sampled signals all is like this all synchronous by pulse per second (PPS), and namely the device of different location is all synchronized sampling.Communication between each module utilizes dual port RAM.The basic function of PMU utilizes gps signal to voltage, current synchronization measuring, analyzes, provide frequency, phase place and amplitude information, and obtain the phase angle difference between any two nodes of the whole network, this provides technical support for accurate both-end synchronous range finding.Fig. 3 is the hardware configuration overall framework figure of FTU, adopts dsp chip TMS320LF2407 as the core processor of FTU, and this chip is a kind of high performance 16 fixed DSPs, and supply voltage is 3.3V, decreases power consumption; The execution speed of fixed-point arithmetic 30M1Ps makes the instruction cycle shorten to 33ns, improves real-time control capability.LF2407 has resource in abundant sheet, A/D converter in 10 16 dust pieces, and slewing rate reaches 500ns, and LF2407 also has 6 eight standard I/O mouths.In communications portion, the serial communication interface SCI utilizing DSP built-in, by RS232/485 interface, can realize the data transmission between FTU and substation.Fig. 4 is TMS320LF2407 and RS-232 communication interface circuits, and the serial communication interface SCI utilizing DSP built-in realizes the information transmission between FTU and substation by RS232/485 interface.Suppose have fault current to flow through, it can report and submit fault current information to substation.Fig. 5 is the basic block diagram of fault detector (FI), once break down, the fault detector installed in fault loop all has fault current and flows through and produce alerting signal, can draw corresponding fault section or fault branch by Logic judgment.The present invention utilizes and carries out backbone section location based on FTU, the pseudo-fault point problem utilizing FI to eliminate single-ended impedance method under branch's failure condition to bring.The PMU measurement of being installed by Fig. 6 median generatrix M and N place obtains the high-precision synchronous electric tolerance before and after fault, symmetrical component method is utilized to carry out the phase-model transformation of electric parameters before and after fault, obtain separate three-phase component, the electric parameters that after the fault record PMU place, electric parameters deducts under normal circumstances obtains fault component, what realize between three-phase line is full decoupled, and its transformation matrix is:
Under network, realize the various short trouble range findings between backbone MN by the both-end synchronized phasor method based on M and N place PMU.Fig. 7 gives the overall procedure block diagram of distribution network failure location, and basic thought is the first section of determining, rear range finding.For showing the feasible validity of this invention, build realistic model as shown in Figure 8 based on MATLAB, constructed test macro comprises an equivalent power supply G, distribution trunk feeder between step-down transformer ZT ~ ZT3, node M N and branched line HL.Simulation parameter arranges as follows: voltage source terminal voltage is 35KV, and falling transformation ZT rated voltage is 35KV/10.5KV, and falling transformation ZT1 ~ ZT3 rated voltage is 10.5KV/0.4KV.Line parameter circuit value is as follows: r
1=0.45 Ω/km, r
0=0.74 Ω/km; x
1=0.293 Ω/km, x
0=1.296 Ω/km; b
1=0.0707 μ F/km, b
0=0.0478 μ F/km.Circuit model have employed the equivalent circuit model of distribution parameter, avoids by the uncertain range error brought of line parameter circuit value.Load have employed quiescent voltage load model, solves each load impedance constant by the steady state voltage before fault and electric current.Based on backbone total length (L under error calculation employing ieee standard
mN=18km) relative error formula, Fig. 9 represents when fault resstance is 30 Ω, based on the range error precision curve of the mixed fault location algorithm of both-end PMU, pictorial representation be fault section, the distance accuracy under other stake resistances and Fig. 9 are more or less the same.When Figure 10 represents that fault resstance is respectively 30 Ω and 100 Ω, based on the single-ended impedance distance accuracy graph of errors of PMU, along with the increase of fault resstance, although range finding error is also in increase, but still keep degree of precision.Comparison diagram 9 and Figure 10 known, the distance accuracy of both-end method is higher, when having ensured backbone fault can quick position to trouble spot, be conducive to improving power supply reliability.
Claims (7)
1. the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU, it is characterized in that: at each branch's head end of power distribution network, fault detector (FI) is installed, at each block switch of backbone, feeder terminal unit (FTU) is installed, in transformer station and backbone end, a synchronous phasor measuring device (PMU) is respectively installed, by the PMU based on gps signal voltage before and after distribution network failure, electric current carried out to the measurement under same markers, and the phase place providing markers unified and amplitude information, obtain the phase angle difference between any two nodes of the whole network; Like this, when power distribution network breaks down, in fault loop, FTU and FI at each block switch place has fault current and flows through and produce alerting signal, and this alerting signal is uploaded to subsystem in substation, corresponding fault section or fault branch is drawn again by Logic judgment, if fault section is between transformer station and N bus, then the both-end synchronized phasor method based on transformer station and N place synchronous measure is adopted to measure the distance of trouble spot to transformer station; If fault occurs in branch feeder, then the single-ended impedance method based on both-end PMU is adopted to measure the distance of trouble spot to transformer station.
2. the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fault localization of described backbone is synchronous electric tolerance before and after the fault that obtains of the PMU measurement of installing based on transformer station and N place, symmetrical component method is utilized to carry out the phase-model transformation of electric parameters before and after fault, obtain three separate sequence phase components, the electric parameters that after the fault recorded by PMU, electric parameters deducts under normal circumstances obtains fault component.
3. the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described both-end synchronized phasor method is the localization of fault directly utilizing positive sequence fault component can realize all fault types, do not need to know fault generation phase in advance, and not by the impact of fault resstance, ensure that the accuracy of backbone fault localization.
4. the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described single-ended impedance method is that voltage and current three order components at fault section upstream node place when utilizing fault can realize all fault types location.
5. the power distribution network mixed fault distance-finding method based on PMU according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described fault type comprises single-phase grounding fault, two-phase phase fault, two-phase short circuit and ground fault and three phase short circuit fault.
6. the power distribution network mixed fault distance measuring equipment based on PMU built by the method described in Claims 1 to 5 any one, comprise transformer station, the backbone be connected with transformer station and the branch line be connected on backbone, it is characterized in that: in transformer station, be provided with information processing substation, each block switch of backbone is all provided with feeder terminal unit (FTU), at the head end of every bar branch line, fault detector (FI) is installed, in transformer station and backbone end, synchronous phasor measuring device (PMU) is installed simultaneously, the PMU of both sides carries out real-time communication by GPS and satellite and the electric quantity information before and after fault is transferred to information processing substation, FTU with FI is connected with information processing substation by wireless communication simultaneously.
7. the power distribution network mixed fault distance measuring equipment based on PMU according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: for the radial distribution system of 10KV multiple-limb, only need respectively install a synchronous phasor measuring device PMU in transformer station and backbone end can realize the accurate fault localization of distribution feeder.
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| CN112162176B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-22 | 国网河南省电力公司洛阳供电公司 | Power distribution network interphase short circuit fault positioning method based on mu PMU measurement data |
| CN112379217A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-19 | 山东大学 | Fault location method and system based on line voltage measurement |
| CN112531653A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-19 | 国网山东省电力公司阳信县供电公司 | Distribution network fault management method based on distribution automation |
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