CN105464503B - Hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a kind of hinge (10).Hinge (10) includes the first axle element (12) and second hinge element (14) for being respectively provided with hollow inside (10,22).Hinge (10) includes the portions (30) being fixed in the hollow inside (20) of first axle element.Hinge (10) includes elastic element (26).Hinge (10) includes displaceable element (28), the displaceable element (28) is biased by elastic element (26) to be engaged with portions (30), for the torque being applied on displaceable element (28) by elastic element (26) to be transmitted to first axle element (20).Elastic element (26) is operatively coupled to second hinge element (22), for the countertorque applied by elastic element (26) to be transferred to second hinge element (22).

Description

Hinge

Technical field

Herein, this patent disclosure relates generally to hinges, and particularly but be not related to self-starting hinge and can utterly The self-starting hinge of adjusting.

Background technique

Self-starting hinge (for example, self closing hinge and from opening hinge) has many purposes.For example, self-starting hinge can To be suitable for the door of the security fence gate of hinged swimming pool, hinged safety door, hinged emergency exit door and hinged WC cubicle.From Starting hinge is commonly used for self-starting hinge and is suitable for from anywhere in such do.However, it is necessary to novel self-starting hinge, The novel self-starting hinge have the function of the not available feature of existing self-starting hinge and/or.

Summary of the invention

There is disclosed herein a kind of hinges.The hinge includes the first axle element and second for being respectively provided with hollow inside Hinge components.The hinge includes the portions being fixed in the hollow inside of first axle element.The hinge includes elasticity member Part.The hinge includes displaceable element, and the displaceable element is by spring member biases at being engaged with portions with for will be by Elastic element is applied to the torque on displaceable element and is transmitted to first axle element.Elastic element is operatively coupled to second Hinge components, for the countertorque applied by elastic element to be transferred to second hinge element.

In one embodiment, the position of displaceable element adjusts the biasing force for changing elastic element.

In one embodiment, the hollow inside of first axle element and the hollow inside of second hinge element are in longitudinal axis It centers on line.Elastic element can be set on longitudinal axis.Displaceable element can be set on longitudinal axis.

One embodiment includes cylindrical sleeve, and the cylindrical sleeve is by first axle element and second hinge element Each hollow internal receipt.Elastic element and displaceable element are separately positioned in cylindrical sleeve.

In one embodiment, displaceable element can resist the bias of elastic element and move, to separate from portions.When such as When this separation, elastic element can surround fore-aft axis, adjusted when displaceable element is engaged with portions by elastic member The torque that part applies.When such separation, elastic element can be reversed around the longitudinal axis of elastic element, in displaceable element The torque applied by elastic element is adjusted when engaging with portions.When such separation, elastic element can be around elastic element Longitudinal axis torsion, to adjust the countertorque for being applied to second hinge element by elastic element.

In one embodiment, portions include insertion piece.Insertion piece can have the support for receiving displaceable element Face.Insertion piece can have the access for tool passed through, and the tool is for keeping displaceable element mobile.Insertion piece It may include the ring structure with central corridor.

In one embodiment, the outer surface of the inner surface of the hollow inside of first axle element and portions has for preventing Interlocking structure of the stopping seat portion relative to hollow inner rotation.One of portions and the hollow inside of first axle element can wrap Include protruding portion, the protruding portion is by the recess portion that is formed in the other of hollow inside for being formed in portions and first axle element It receives.Protruding portion can be the form of flank, and recess portion can be the form of groove.Flank and groove can be by fixed along longitudinal direction To.The inner surface of hollow inside of first axle element and the outer surface of portions are joined to form bonded portion.

In one embodiment, holding element is arranged on the inner surface in the hollow inside for being formed in first axle element In groove and the outer surface groove being formed in portions.Holding element may include retaining ring, such as circlip.Holding element It may include at least one leaf spring.Generally, any holding element appropriate can be used.Holding element can fix portions To first axle element.

In one embodiment, displaceable element and portions include multiple interlocking structures, only when displaceable element and portions When with a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation positions, the multiple interlocking structure interlocking.In displaceable element At each of multiple relative rotation positions of portions relative rotation position, elastic component can differently be reversed and Apply different torques.

In one embodiment, displaceable element includes key, and the key is configured to engagement seat with for will be by elasticity Element is applied to the torque on displaceable element and is transferred to first axle element.Key can have Rotation Symmetry.Key can have There are at least one of hexagonal cross-section, octagonal cross-section and polygonal crosssection.Displaceable element may include two End, and key can be located at an end in end.

In one embodiment, displaceable element includes elastic element connector.Elastic element connector limits wherein The received hole of a part of elastic element.The part of elastic element can be the end of elastic element.Optionally, bullet Property element connector may include forked portion.The a part of of elastic element can be engaged by forked portion.

Embodiment includes the pin that portions are fixed to first axle element.Pin can be holding element additional or can Choosing.

In one embodiment, displaceable element is slidable element.Slidable element can be can longitudinal sliding motion element.

Embodiment includes another portions and another displaceable element, and another portions are fixed in second hinge element In empty inside, and another displaceable element is biased into and engages with another portions, for that will be applied by elastic element The countertorque added is transferred to second hinge element.Another displaceable element can by spring member biases at another portions Engagement.Another portions can be at least one and the identical portions of portions and roughly the same with the portions.Another can Moving element and another portions may include other multiple interlocking structures, only when displaceable element and another portions have When a relative rotation position in the relative rotation position of another quantity, other multiple interlocking structures interlocking.For example, The quantity of relative rotation position can be four, and another quantity of relative rotation position can be ten.But relatively The quantity of turned position and another quantity of relative rotation position can be identical.

According to the special-purpose of hinge, insertion piece can be from the multiple insertion pieces for the turned position for being respectively provided with different number Middle selection.For example, the intensity that can according to need, the degree of obtainable adjusting, insertion piece can be configured to engage The selection insertion piece such as the type of tool.In this way, hinge can be only by selecting insertion piece to be adapted from multiple insertion pieces At for specific purposes.For installation personnel, this is convenient, it is possible to reduce the amount for the inventory that must be kept and Processing cost and other manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In one embodiment, displaceable element and another displaceable element are separated by elastic component.

Normally, but it is not necessary to, elastic element includes torque spring.Alternatively, or in addition, elastic element packet Include at least one of plane blade torque spring and synthesis muscle.

Embodiment includes the speed control mechanism connecting with first axle element and second hinge element.Speed control mechanism It can be configured for slowing down first axle element relative to the movement of second hinge element.Speed control mechanism can wrap Include damping mechanism.

In one embodiment, first axle element further includes the first ferromagnetic element, and second hinge element also wraps Include magnetic absorption to the first ferromagnetic element the second ferromagnetic element.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element can be with It is configured such that magnetic absorption separates first axle element and second hinge element bias voltages.Optionally, the first ferromagnetic volume elements Part and the second ferromagnetic element can be set such that magnetic absorption arrives first axle element and second hinge element bias voltages Together.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element may include the permanent magnetism of such as rare-earth magnet, iron and cobalt form respectively Any one of body.Normally, any ferromagnetic material appropriate may be used to the first ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnet Any one of element.

There is disclosed herein a kind of methods for operating hinge.It the described method comprises the following steps, will be applied by elastic element Torque on displaceable element is transferred to first axle element, and the first axle element includes being fixed on first axle element Hollow inside in portions.It the described method comprises the following steps, displaceable element is biased into and engages with portions by elastic element. It the described method comprises the following steps, the countertorque applied by elastic element is transferred to second hinge element.

Embodiment includes the following steps, resist the bias of elastic element and move displaceable element so that displaceable element from Portions separation.The method may include following steps, around the longitudinal axis elasticity of torsion element of elastic element, and then By displaceable element engagement to portions, to adjust the torque applied by elastic element.

Embodiment includes the following steps, portions are inserted and fixed in the hollow inside of first axle element.

Embodiment includes the following steps that one in multiple relative rotation positions of selection displaceable element and portions is opposite Turned position and the interlocking structure for interlocking displaceable element and portions, with the fixed the multiple relative rotation position so selected A relative rotation position in setting.At each of the multiple relative rotation position relative rotation position, elastic structure Part can be reversed differently and apply different torques.

In multiple features of any of multiple features of each of above disclosure and following embodiments Any one can be appropriately combined and combine as needed.

Attached drawing abstract

Only example is used as to describe embodiment now with reference to attached drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 shows the plan view of the embodiment of hinge.

Fig. 2 shows the exploded perspective views of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the exemplary perspective view of the insertion piece of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 shows the view of the insertion piece of Fig. 3 observed from below.

Fig. 5 shows the cross-sectional view of the insertion piece of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 shows the perspective view of the displaceable element of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 shows the cross-sectional view of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 shows the plan view of the first axle element of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 shows the bottom view of the displaceable element including elastic element connector of Fig. 6.

Figure 10 shows the exploded perspective view of another embodiment of hinge.

Figure 11 shows the floor map of another embodiment of hinge.

Figure 12 shows the floor map of the another embodiment of hinge.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the plan view of the embodiment of the overall hinge by 10 instruction of number.Hinge 10 is self-starting hinge Form, and can be configured to from least one of unlatching and self closing.Fig. 2 shows the exploded perspective views of hinge 10.

Hinge 10 has first axle element 12 and second hinge element 14.First axle element 12 has blade shape Outside 16.Blade 16 have flat surfaces and hole 17, the flat surfaces be used for receive gate, column, door form structure or Usual any structure appropriate, and the hole 17 is used to that outside 16 can be fixed to passing through for the fasteners of the structure.The Two hinge element 14 has the outside 18 being similarly constructed, and the outside 18 is the form with the blade of flat surfaces, institute State another structure or any other usual structure appropriate of form of the flat surfaces for receiving gate, column, door.Outside 18 is also With the hole 21 for that can pass through the fastener that outside 18 is fixed to another structure.In alternative embodiments, leaf Piece can have another geometry of such as arc for being fixed to pipe.Normally, blade can have any appropriate Geometry.

First axle element 12 has hollow inside 20.Second hinge element 14 has another hollow inside 22.Work as hinge 10 in the assembled state when, the hollow inside 20 of first axle element 12 and another hollow inside of second hinge element 14 22 center on longitudinal axis 24.In the present embodiment, hollow inside 20 is divided into multiple components 70,72, and another Hollow inside 22 is divided into other multiple components 74,76.Multiple components and other multiple components are in this embodiment still It is not necessarily alternate in all of the embodiments illustrated.Can be set washer or separator with by multiple components 70,72 with it is multiple its Its component 74,76 is spaced apart.

In this embodiment but not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, at the bullet of the form of the torque spring of portrait orientation Property element 26 is arranged on longitudinal axis 24.Self closing whether is configured to according to self-starting hinge 10 or is opened certainly, torsion Spring can have left-handed coiling or dextrorotation coiling.Alternatively, or in addition, elastic element include plane blade torque spring and Synthesize at least one of muscle.The displaceable element 28 engaged with portions 30 is biased into be arranged on longitudinal axis 24, The portions 30 are fixed in the hollow inside 20 of first axle element 12.Fig. 6 shows the details of displaceable element 28.

Cylindrical sleeve 32 is by the hollow inside 22 of the hollow inside 20 of first axle element 12 and second hinge element 14 It receives.Cylindrical sleeve 32, which is formed, remains to hollow hinge pin together for first axle element 12 and second hinge element 14. Cylindrical sleeve 32 has external support surface 33, and the external support surface bears against the inner surface 52,55 of inside 20,22.First Hinge components and second hinge element can be rotated around cylindrical sleeve 32.In this embodiment but not necessarily in all realities It applies in example, elastic element 26 and displaceable element 28 are separately positioned in cylindrical sleeve 32.Displaceable element 28 is by slidably Ground is contained in cylindrical sleeve 32.Cylindrical sleeve 32 can be gathered by the metal, polymer, fiber reinforcement of the form of such as aluminium It closes object or usually any suitable material is made.

When being so biased into portions 30, displaceable element 28 will apply torque on it by elastic element 26 It is transferred to first axle element 12.Elastic element 26 is also operatively coupled to second hinge element 14, with for will be by elasticity The countertorque that element 26 applies is transferred to second hinge element 14.

Displaceable element 28 can resist the bias of elastic element 26 and move, to separate from portions 30.Displaceable element 28 It is the form of slidable element, and is slided in cylinder 33 when such mobile.When such separation, displaceable element 28 can It is rotated around longitudinal axis 24, to adjust the torque applied by elastic element 26 when engaging with portions 30.When such separation, Elastic element 26 can be reversed around longitudinal axis 24, to adjust when displaceable element is engaged with portions 30 by elastic element 26 The torque of application.When such separation, elastic element 28 can be reversed around longitudinal axis, be applied with adjusting by elastic element 28 To the countertorque of second hinge element 14.

Portions 30 are the forms of insertion piece.Fig. 3 shows the perspective view of insertion piece 30.Fig. 4 shows the insertion piece of Fig. 3 The view observed from below.Fig. 5 shows the cross-sectional view of the insertion piece of Fig. 3.Insertion piece 30 has the branch of the form at stage portion Face 32 is held, the stage portion is at the inner surface 34 of insertion piece 30.Seating surface 32 receives the displaceable element 28 for being biased into it Shoulder 38.Displaceable element 28 includes key 36 at one end thereof, and the key is configured for engagement seat 30 to be used for The torque being applied on displaceable element 28 by elastic element 26 is transferred to first axle element 12.Key 36 is inserted into stage portion In portions 30 inside 32.Key 36 and portions 30 include multiple interlocking structures, only when displaceable element and portions have multiple phases When to a relative rotation position in turned position, the multiple interlocking structure interlocking.In this embodiment but not necessarily In all of the embodiments illustrated, the interlocking structure includes the multiple interlocking side walls for limiting hex-shaped key 36 and hexagon keyhole 40. Hex-shaped key 40 has sixfold Rotation Symmetry, so that there are six different relative rotation positions for key and keyhole tool.It will be recognized that Pass through the relative rotation position for selecting that there is the key of another Rotation Symmetry and keyhole other quantity may be implemented.For example, five sides Shape key and keyhole can provide five turned positions.It is alternatively possible to use octagon or usual any polygon key appropriate And keyhole.It can also suitably and suitably use non-polygon key-such as flower-shape key.In the multiple of displaceable element and portions At each of relative rotation position relative rotation position, elastic component can be reversed differently and apply different turn Square (and countertorque).Therefore, the size of torque and countertorque can be adjusted according to circumstances or as needed.For example, for closing The torque at gate can be different from the torque of the door for rotating WC cubicle.

Displaceable element 28 has elastic element connector 42 at its other end.Elastic element connector 42 is constructed At engagement elastic element 26, so that elastic element torque is applied on displaceable element 28.Fig. 9 show displaceable element and The bottom view of its elastic element connector 42.Elastic element connector 42 includes the main body for being subordinated to elastic element connector 42 Cylinder.In this embodiment but not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, elastic element connector 42 has hole 43, elastic element 26 end 46 is inserted into the hole.In alternative embodiments, elastic element connector 42 has slit, elastic element End 46 is received in the slit.Elastic element connector may include the forked portion for limiting slit.Forked portion can connect Close the end 46 of elastic element 26.The end of spring can be bent to be laterally oriented and position forked portion in the slot Between pointed tooth.

Insertion piece 30 has the access 48 passed through.Such as the tool of the end of screwdriver or key be inserted through it is logical Road and stress moves displaceable element against displaceable element 28 to resist the bias of elastic element 26, and so make Displaceable element 28 is obtained to separate from portions 30.When such separation, displaceable element 28 can be by tool relative to first axle Element 12 rotates.In this embodiment but not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, insertion piece 30 includes ring structure 50.So And in alternative embodiments, insertion piece 30 can have at least one facet (that is, insertion piece 30 on its outer surface It is not necessarily circle).The end 41 of displaceable element 28 has for example for receiving the work of the form of slots of the end of screwdriver Has connected structure.Tool engaging structures can be configured to such as hex socket, crosshead socket, blossom type socket or can be with With usual any construction appropriate.

The inner surface 52 of the hollow inside 20 of first axle element 12 and the outer surface 54 of portions 30 have interlocking structure, with Prevent portions 30 from rotating in hollow inside 20.Portions 30 have the protruding portion of the form of flank 58, and the flank 58 is constructed Bonding or convex spline, the protruding portion are received by the recess portion of the form of groove 60, and the groove is configured to define hollow Concave spline in the inner surface 52 of inside 20.In this embodiment but not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, 58 He of flank Groove 60 is by portrait orientation.The position of protruding portion and recess portion can exchange.With multiple splines, so that spline joint connection first Element and portions.Any connector appropriate usually can be used.Spline 58 provides reverse turn driving attribute, this can be favorably 's.

In this embodiment but not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, the holding of the holding loop type of circlip form Element 70 is arranged in the inner surface groove 62 for being formed in the transversal orientation in the inner surface 52 of hollow inside 20 and is arranged It is formed in the outer surface groove 64 in portions 30.Holding element 70 can take any form appropriate, such as e-clip, piece Spring or annulus.The lengthwise position of portions 30 is fixed to the end of hinge 10 by retaining ring.In other embodiments, portions can be with It is fixed using any optional fastener appropriate, the fastener is, for example, pin, binder, friction fit part, shrinks Assembly parts, welding, deformation, crimping, clamping or any other method appropriate.

Hinge 10 has another portions 66 being fixed in another hollow inside 22 of second hinge element 14.In this reality It applies in example, fixing means is similar to for the method that portions 30 and hollow inside 30 are fixed, but the fixing means is different It surely is this method.Another displaceable element 68 is biased by elastic element 26 to be engaged with another portions 66, with for will be by The countertorque that elastic element 26 applies is transferred to second hinge element 14.Another displaceable element and portions grasp elastic element Operatively it is connected to another hollow inside 22 of second hinge element 14.Another portions 66 can or phase similar with portions 30 Together.However, in some embodiments, another portions 66 and another displaceable element 68 may include other multiple interlockings Structure, only when a phase in the relative rotation position that another displaceable element 68 and another portions 66 have another quantity When to turned position, other multiple interlocking structures interlocking.That is, the quantity of relative rotation position is opposite with another quantity The quantity of turned position is not identical.For example, the key 36 of displaceable element 28 can have rectangle (or other) cross section, and Another key 71 of another displaceable element 68 can be decagon (or other) cross section.Therefore, stretching force and therefore Torque and countertorque can roughly be adjusted by manipulating displaceable element 28 and by manipulating another removable member Part 68 is finally adjusted.

The stretching force of elastomeric spring 26 by the key 36,71 of their own displaceable element 28,68 be biased into it is corresponding The hexagon keyhole 40 of portions 30,66 engages, so that displaceable element 28,68 is positioned to opposite arrangement, and removable member Rotational motion between part 28a, 28b is controlled, this can be advantageous.Due to this arrangement, the distortional energy of torque spring 26 It is also controlled by.

Hollow cylinder 32 is kept by portions 30 and another portions 66.

Figure 10 shows the exploded perspective view of another embodiment of hinge 100, wherein having and shape those of in Fig. 1-9 And/or the component of the similar form and/or function of component of function is similarly numbered.The embodiment of Figure 10 has third hinge Element, the third hinge element are located among first axle element and second hinge element.It can be in no disengaging present invention Spirit or scope in the case where the embodiment of description is changed and/or is modified.Therefore, the present embodiment will be considered in institute Aspect be all to be illustrative and be not restrictive.

Figure 11 illustrates another embodiment of hinge 100.Hinge 100 includes the spy of hinge 10 and speed control mechanism Sign, the speed control mechanism is the form for the damping mechanism connecting with first axle 112 and second hinge element 114.Speed Control mechanism is constructed such that first axle element 112 slows down relative to the movement of second hinge element 114.Speed control mechanism It is configured to slow down the shutoff operation of hinge 100, thus if elastic element is unintentionally configured with by end user More than the stretching force that minimum needs, such as maximum optional stretching force, then speed control mechanism prevents from being attached to thereon big The barrier of the form of door or door 80 being hinged is crashed.The barrier being hinged or other associated hard can be damaged by crashing Part, such as lock or latch.Speed control mechanism can be configured to the final plant closure operation of control gate or door 80, such as Figure 11 institute Show.The initial closing velocity of gate or door 80 indicated by region 84 can be arranged by the stretching force of hinge 100 and is set.Greatly The final plant closure speed of door or door 80 indicated by region 86 can be controlled the fortune so that gate or door 80 by speed control mechanism It is dynamic to slow down, to prevent gate or door 80 from crashing retainer 82.

The speed control mechanism of Figure 11 is hydraulic damping unit, however, speed control mechanism can take it is any appropriate Form.For example, speed control mechanism may include air damping unit, be arranged to the magnetic element to repel each other, compression bullet Any of spring and cam.

Figure 12 illustrates another embodiment of hinge 110.Hinge 110 includes the feature of hinge 10.First axle element 122 include the first ferromagnetic element 88, and second hinge element 124 further includes magnetic absorption to the first ferromagnetic element 88 Second ferromagnetic element 90.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element are configured such that the first magnetic element 88 and Magnetic absorption between two magnetic elements 90 separates first axle element 122 and 124 bias of second hinge element, thus hingedly Barrier 80 is closed.In final plant closure operation, the magnetic absorption between the first magnetic element 88 and the second magnetic element 90 is auxiliary Elastic element 26 is helped to close gate or door 80, (sometimes referred to as buckle is closed), the final plant closure speed quilt in final plant closure operation Accelerate.As shown in figure 12, the initial closing velocity of gate or door 80 indicated by region 92 can be by the stretching force of hinge 110 It is arranged and is set.The final plant closure speed of gate or door 80 indicated by region 94 can pass through the first magnetic element 88 and The combination of magnetic force and elastic element 26 between two magnetic elements 90 is controlled.

In another embodiment, hinge 110 includes above-disclosed speed control mechanism, the speed control mechanism and the One magnetic element 88 and the combination of the second magnetic element 90, to be closed with controlled final plant closure or buckle, and gate or door 80 for example will not crash closing to gate or door holder moving part 82.

Fastening closing structure as described in the above-described embodiments can overcome rubbing between cooperation/connecting elements of hinge It wipes, and may insure that gate is fully closed.

If truly having, the prior art described herein is not considered recognizing the prior art in any jurisdiction Inside all form the part of common knowledge.

In following of the invention and claim in previous description of the present invention, unless within a context due to In the case that specific language or necessary meaning otherwise require, word " comprising " or such as " includes " or " wrap Containing " etc modification be to be used in open form, i.e., for the specified feature that there is description, but be not precluded within the present invention Various embodiments in there is or add other features.

Claims (29)

1. a kind of hinge, comprising:

First axle element and second hinge element, the first axle element and the second hinge element respectively include hollow It is internal；

Portions, the portions are fixed in the hollow inside of the first axle element；

Elastic element；With

May be housed in the displaceable element in the portions, the displaceable element by the spring member biases at the seat Portion's engagement is for being transmitted to the first axle member for the torque being applied on the displaceable element by the elastic element Part, the elastic element are operatively coupled to the second hinge element with the reversion for will be applied by the elastic element Square is transferred to the second hinge element, wherein the displaceable element and the portions include multiple interlocking structures, only works as institute When stating displaceable element and the portions has a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation positions, the multiple interlocking Structural interlock, and relatively rotated in each of the displaceable element and the multiple relative rotation position of the portions At position, the elastic element is differently reversed and applies different torques；

Wherein, the portions include insertion piece, and the insertion piece has the seating surface for receiving the displaceable element.

2. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the displaceable element can resist the bias of the elastic element and To separate from the portions, and when such separation, the elastic element can surround the longitudinal direction of the elastic element for movement Axis torsion, to adjust the torque applied by the elastic element when the displaceable element is engaged with the portions.

3. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the position of the displaceable element, which is adjusted, changes the elastic element Biasing force.

4. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the insertion piece includes the ring structure with central corridor.

5. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface and the seat of the hollow inside of the first axle element The outer surface in portion has for preventing the portions relative to the interlocking structure of the hollow inner rotation.

6. hinge according to claim 5, wherein in the hollow inside of the portions and the first axle element One of include protruding portion, the protruding portion is formed on the hollow inside of the portions and the first axle element Recess portion in another one receives.

7. hinge according to claim 6, wherein the protruding portion is the form of flank, and the recess portion is groove Form.

8. hinge according to claim 7, wherein the flank and the groove are by portrait orientation.

9. hinge according to claim 1, wherein holding element is arranged on the institute for being formed in the first axle element It states in the inner surface groove in hollow inside and the outer surface groove being formed in the portions.

10. hinge according to claim 9, wherein the holding element includes retaining ring.

11. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the displaceable element includes key, the key is configured to engagement institute It states portions and the first axle element is transferred to the torque for the elastic element to be applied on the displaceable element.

12. hinge according to claim 11, wherein the key has Rotation Symmetry.

13. according to claim 11 or claim 12 described in hinge, wherein the key have polygonal crosssection.

14. according to claim 11 or claim 12 described in hinge, wherein the key have hexagonal cross-section and eight sides One of shape cross section.

15. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the displaceable element includes elastic element connector.

16. hinge according to claim 15, the elastic element connector restriction has received that the elastic element A part hole.

17. hinge according to claim 1, the pin including the portions to be fixed to the first axle element.

18. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the displaceable element is slidable element.

19. hinge according to claim 1, including another portions and another displaceable element, another portions are fixed In the hollow inside of the second hinge element, and another displaceable element by the spring member biases at It is engaged with another portions, for the countertorque applied by the elastic element to be transferred to the second hinge element.

20. hinge according to claim 19, wherein another portions are identical as the portions.

21. hinge according to claim 19, wherein in addition another displaceable element and another portions include Multiple interlocking structures, only when the displaceable element and another portions have in other multiple relative rotation positions When one relative rotation position, other multiple interlocking structures interlocking.

22. hinge according to claim 19, wherein the displaceable element and another displaceable element are described Elastic element separation.

23. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the elastic element includes torque spring, plane blade torque spring With synthesis at least one of muscle.

24. hinge according to claim 1, wherein the hollow inside of the first axle element and second hinge The hollow inside of chain member centers on longitudinal axis.

25. hinge according to claim 24, wherein the elastic element is arranged on the longitudinal axis.

26. according to hinge described in claim 24 or claim 25, wherein the displaceable element is arranged in the longitudinal direction On axis.

27. hinge according to claim 1, including cylindrical sleeve, the cylindrical sleeve is by the first axle member The hollow internal receipt of each of part and the second hinge element, wherein the elastic element and described removable Element is respectively set in the cylindrical sleeve.

28. hinge according to claim 1 further includes speed control mechanism, the speed control mechanism and described first Hinge components are connected with the second hinge element, and are configured for making the first axle element relative to described The movement of two hinge element slows down.

29. according to claim 1 or hinge described in 28, wherein the first axle element further includes the first ferromagnetic element, And the second hinge element further includes second ferromagnetic element of the magnetic absorption to first ferromagnetic element, and institute Magnetic absorption is stated to separate the first axle element and the second hinge element bias voltages.