CN105464503A - Hinge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hinge (10). The hinge (10) comprises a first hinge element (12) and a second hinge element (14) respectively having hollow inner parts (10,22). The hinge (10) comprises a base portion (30) fixed in the hollow inner part (20) of the first hinge element. The hinge (10) comprises an elastic element (26). The hinge (10) comprises a moveable element (28). The moveable element (28) is joined with the base portion (30) through the elastic element (26), so as to transmit the torque applied on the moveable element (28) by the elastic element (26) to the first hinge element (20). The elastic element (26) is connected with the second hinge element (22) in an operable manner, so as to transmit anti-torque applied by the elastic element (26) to the second hinge element (22).

Description

Hinge

Technical field

In this article, the present invention relates in general to hinge, but and does not relate to self-starting hinge and adjustable self-starting hinge especially utterly.

Background technology

Self-starting hinge (such as, self closing hinge and from opening hinge) has many purposes.Such as, self-starting hinge goes for the door of the security fence gate of hinged swimming pool, hinged safety door, hinged emergency exit door and hinged WC cubicle.Self-starting hinge usually may be used for self-starting hinge and is suitable for so doing Anywhere.But need novel self-starting hinge, described novel self-starting hinge has the not available feature of existing self-starting hinge and/or function.

Summary of the invention

There is disclosed herein a kind of hinge.Described hinge comprises first hinge components and the second hinge components respectively with empty internal.Described hinge comprises the seat portion in the empty internal being fixed on the first hinge components.Described hinge comprises flexible member.Described hinge comprises displaceable element, and described displaceable element is become to engage with seat portion torque transfer to the first hinge components for being applied to by flexible member on displaceable element by spring member biases.Flexible member is operatively connected to the second hinge components, is transferred to the second hinge components for by the countertorque applied by flexible member.

In one embodiment, the position adjustments of displaceable element changes the biasing force of flexible member.

In one embodiment, the empty internal of the first hinge components and the empty internal of the second hinge components center on longitudinal axis.Flexible member can be arranged on longitudinal axis.Displaceable element can be arranged on longitudinal axis.

An embodiment comprises cylindrical sleeve, and described cylindrical sleeve is received by the empty internal of each in the first hinge components and the second hinge components.Flexible member and displaceable element are separately positioned in cylindrical sleeve.

In one embodiment, displaceable element can be resisted the bias voltage of flexible member and move, with from seat part from.When being so separated, flexible member can around fore-aft axis, to regulate the torque applied by flexible member when displaceable element engages with seat portion.When being so separated, flexible member can reverse around the longitudinal axis of flexible member, to regulate the torque applied by flexible member when displaceable element engages with seat portion.When being so separated, flexible member can reverse around the longitudinal axis of flexible member, to regulate the countertorque being applied to the second hinge components by flexible member.

In one embodiment, seat portion comprises insert.Insert can have the seating surface for receiving displaceable element.Insert can have through the path for instrument wherein, and described instrument is used for displaceable element is moved.Insert can comprise the loop configuration with central corridor.

In one embodiment, the inner surface of the empty internal of the first hinge components and the external surface in seat portion have the interlocking structure for preventing the portion from rotating relative to empty internal.One in the empty internal of seat portion and the first hinge components can comprise protuberance, and described protuberance is received by the recess formed in the another one formed in the empty internal of present portion and the first hinge components.Protuberance can be the form of flank, and recess can be the form of groove.Flank and groove can by longitudinally directed.The inner surface of the empty internal of the first hinge components is connected to form keyed jointing portion with the external surface in seat portion.

In one embodiment, holding element is arranged on the inner surface groove in the empty internal being formed at the first hinge components and is formed in the external surface groove in present portion.Holding element can comprise retaining ring, such as circlip.Holding element can comprise at least one sheet spring.Generally, any suitable holding element can be used.Seat portion can be fixed to the first hinge components by holding element.

In one embodiment, displaceable element and seat portion comprise multiple interlocking structure, when only there is when displaceable element and seat portion a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation position, and described multiple interlocking structure interlocking.Each relative rotation position place in multiple relative rotation positions in displaceable element and seat portion, elastic component can differently be reversed and be applied different torques.

In one embodiment, displaceable element comprises key, and described key is configured to joining base portion for the torque transfer that will be applied to by flexible member on displaceable element to the first hinge components.Key can have Rotation Symmetry.Key can have at least one in hexagonal cross-section, octagonal cross-section and polygonal crosssection.Displaceable element can comprise two ends, and key can be arranged in an end of end.

In one embodiment, displaceable element comprises flexible member connector.Flexible member connector limits the hole that wherein have received a part for flexible member.The described part of flexible member can be the end of flexible member.Alternatively, flexible member connector can comprise forked portion.A part for flexible member can be engaged by forked portion.

Embodiment comprises pin seat portion being fixed to the first hinge components.It can be extra or optional for selling for holding element.

In one embodiment, displaceable element is slidable element.Slidable element can be can longitudinal sliding motion element.

Embodiment comprises another portion and another displaceable element, another portion described is fixed in the empty internal of the second hinge components, and another displaceable element described is biased into and engages with another portion, is transferred to the second hinge components for by the countertorque applied by flexible member.Another displaceable element can be become engage with another portion by spring member biases.Another portion can be at least one seat portion identical with seat portion and roughly the same with described seat portion.Another displaceable element and another portion can comprise other multiple interlocking structures, only when displaceable element and another portion have a relative rotation position in the relative rotation position of another quantity, and described multiple interlocking structure interlockings in addition.Such as, the quantity of relative rotation position can be four, and another quantity of relative rotation position can be ten.But the quantity of relative rotation position and another quantity of relative rotation position can be identical.

According to the special-purpose of hinge, insert can from have respectively varying number turned position multiple inserts select.Such as, intensity as required, the degree of obtainable adjustment, insert can be configured to the type of the instrument engaged etc. and select insert.Like this, hinge can by means of only selecting insert to be adapted to for specific purposes from multiple insert.For installation personnel, this is easily, can reduce the amount of the stock that must be kept and can reduce processing cost and other manufacturing cost.

In one embodiment, displaceable element and another displaceable element are separated by elastic component.

Normally, but be not necessary, flexible member comprises torque spring.Alternatively or additionally, flexible member comprises at least one in plane blade torque spring and synthesis muscle.

Embodiment comprises the speed control mechanism be connected with the first hinge components and the second hinge components.Speed control mechanism can be configured for and the first hinge components is slowed down relative to the motion of the second hinge components.Speed control mechanism can comprise damping mechanism.

In one embodiment, the first hinge components also comprises the first ferromagnetic element, and the second hinge components also comprises second ferromagnetic element of magnetic absorption to the first ferromagnetic element.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element can be configured such that the first hinge components is separated with the second hinge components bias voltage by magnetic absorption.Alternatively, together with the first ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element can be configured such that the first hinge components is biased into the second hinge components by magnetic absorption.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element can comprise any one in the permanent magnet of such as rare-earth magnet, iron and cobalt form respectively.Normally, any suitable ferromagnetic material may be used to any one in the first ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element.

There is disclosed herein a kind of method operating hinge.Said method comprising the steps of, by the torque transfer that is applied to by flexible member on displaceable element to the first hinge components, described first hinge components comprises the seat portion in the empty internal being fixed on the first hinge components.Said method comprising the steps of, displaceable element is biased into and engages with seat portion by flexible member.Said method comprising the steps of, the countertorque applied by flexible member is transferred to the second hinge components.

Embodiment comprises the following steps, the opposing bias voltage of flexible member and mobile displaceable element with make displaceable element from seat part from.Described method can comprise the following steps, and around the longitudinal axis elasticity of torsion element of flexible member, and then joins displaceable element to portion, to regulate the torque applied by flexible member.

Embodiment comprises the following steps, and is inserted in seat portion and is fixed in the empty internal of the first hinge components.

Embodiment comprises the following steps, select a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation positions in displaceable element and seat portion and interlock the interlocking structure in displaceable element and seat portion, with a relative rotation position in the fixing described multiple relative rotation position so selected.Each relative rotation position place in described multiple relative rotation position, elastic component can differently be reversed and be applied different torques.

Any one in the multiple features of each in above-mentioned disclosure suitably can combine with any one in multiple features of following embodiment and combine as required.

Accompanying drawing is made a summary

Only exemplarily embodiment is described now with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the plan view of the embodiment of hinge.

Fig. 2 shows the exploded perspective view of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the stereogram of the example of the insert of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 shows the view observed from below of the insert of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows the sectional view of the insert of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 shows the stereogram of the displaceable element of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 shows the sectional view of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 shows the plan view of the first hinge components of the hinge of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 shows the upward view comprising the displaceable element of flexible member connector of Fig. 6.

Figure 10 shows the exploded perspective view of another embodiment of hinge.

Figure 11 shows the floor map of another embodiment of hinge.

Figure 12 shows the floor map of the another embodiment of hinge.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 shows totally by the plan view of the embodiment of the hinge of numeral 10 instruction.Hinge 10 is forms of self-starting hinge, and can be configured at least one from opening and in self closing.Fig. 2 shows the exploded perspective view of hinge 10.

Hinge 10 has the first hinge components 12 and the second hinge components 14.First hinge components 12 has the outside 16 of blade shape.Blade 16 has flat surfaces and hole 17, and described flat surfaces is for receiving gate, post, the structure of form of door or usual any suitable structure, and described hole 17 is for being fixed to passing through of the securing member of described structure by outside 16.Second hinge components 14 has the outside 18 be similarly constructed, and described outside 18 is the forms of the blade with flat surfaces, and described flat surfaces is for receiving gate, post, another structure of form of door or any other suitable structure usually.Outside 18 also have the hole 21 for the securing member that outside 18 are fixed to another structure being passed through.In alternative embodiments, blade can have another geometry of such as arc for being fixed to pipe.Normally, blade can have any suitable geometry.

First hinge components 12 has empty internal 20.Second hinge components 14 has another empty internal 22.When hinge 10 in the assembled state time, the empty internal 20 of the first hinge components 12 and another empty internal 22 of the second hinge components 14 center on longitudinal axis 24.In the present embodiment, empty internal 20 is divided into multiple parts 70,72, and another empty internal 22 is divided into other multiple parts 74,76.But multiple parts and other multiple parts not necessarily replace in this embodiment in all of the embodiments illustrated.Packing ring or separator can be set with by multiple parts 70,72 and other parts multiple 74,76 spaced apart.

But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, become the flexible member 26 of the form of the torque spring of portrait orientation to be arranged on longitudinal axis 24.Whether be configured to self closing according to self-starting hinge 10 or certainly open, torque spring can have left-handed coiling or dextrorotation coiling.Alternatively or additionally, flexible member comprises at least one in plane blade torque spring and synthesis muscle.Being biased into the displaceable element 28 engaged with seat portion 30 is arranged on longitudinal axis 24, and described seat portion 30 is fixed in the empty internal 20 of the first hinge components 12.Fig. 6 shows the details of displaceable element 28.

Cylindrical sleeve 32 is received by the empty internal 22 of the empty internal 20 of the first hinge components 12 and the second hinge components 14.Cylindrical sleeve 32 forms the hollow hinge pin together with being remained to the second hinge components 14 by the first hinge components 12.Cylindrical sleeve 32 has external support surface 33, and described external support surface bears against the inner surface 52,55 of inner 20,22.First hinge components and the second hinge components can rotate around cylindrical sleeve 32.But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, flexible member 26 and displaceable element 28 are separately positioned in cylindrical sleeve 32.Displaceable element 28 is slidably received in cylindrical sleeve 32.Cylindrical sleeve 32 can be made up of the metal of the form of such as aluminium, polymer, fiber-reinforced polymer or usual any suitable material.

When being entered in a portion 30 by bias voltage like this, displaceable element 28 by the torque transfer that applied by flexible member 26 thereon to the first hinge components 12.Flexible member 26 is also operatively connected to the second hinge components 14, is transferred to the second hinge components 14 for by the countertorque applied by flexible member 26.

Displaceable element 28 can be resisted the bias voltage of flexible member 26 and move, to be separated from seat portion 30.Displaceable element 28 is forms of slidable element, and slides in cylinder 33 when so mobile.When being so separated, displaceable element 28 can rotate around longitudinal axis 24, to regulate the torque applied by flexible member 26 when engaging with seat portion 30.When being so separated, flexible member 26 can reverse around longitudinal axis 24, to regulate the torque applied by flexible member 26 when displaceable element engages with seat portion 30.When being so separated, flexible member 28 can reverse around longitudinal axis, to regulate the countertorque being applied to the second hinge components 14 by flexible member 28.

Seat portion 30 is forms of insert.Fig. 3 shows the stereogram of insert 30.Fig. 4 shows the view observed from below of the insert of Fig. 3.Fig. 5 shows the sectional view of the insert of Fig. 3.Insert 30 has into the seating surface 32 of the form of stage portion, and described stage portion is at inner surface 34 place of insert 30.Seating surface 32 receives the shoulder 38 being biased into its displaceable element 28.Displaceable element 28 comprises key 36 at one end thereof place, and described key is configured for joining base portion 30 for the torque transfer that will be applied to by flexible member 26 on displaceable element 28 to the first hinge components 12.Key 36 is inserted in the seat portion 30 of stage portion 32 inside.Key 36 and seat portion 30 comprise multiple interlocking structure, when only there is when displaceable element and seat portion a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation position, and described multiple interlocking structure interlocking.But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, described interlocking structure comprises the multiple interlocking side wall limiting hex-shaped key 36 and hexagon keyhole 40.Hex-shaped key 40 has sixfold Rotation Symmetry, makes key and keyhole have six different relative rotation positions.To recognize, the relative rotation position of other quantity can be realized by selecting to have the key of another Rotation Symmetry and keyhole.Such as, pentagon key and keyhole can provide five turned positions.Alternatively, octagon or usual any suitable polygon key and keyhole can be used.Also non-polygon Jian – can suitably and be suitably used such as to spend shape key.Each relative rotation position place in multiple relative rotation positions in displaceable element and seat portion, elastic component differently can be reversed and be applied different torques (and countertorque).Therefore, the size of torque and countertorque can according to circumstances or as required be regulated.Such as, the torque for closing gate can be different from the torque of the door for rotating WC cubicle.

Displaceable element 28 has flexible member connector 42 at its other end place.Flexible member connector 42 is configured to engage flexible member 26, thus flexible member torque is applied on displaceable element 28.Fig. 9 shows the upward view of displaceable element and its flexible member connector 42.Flexible member connector 42 comprises the cylinder of the main body being subordinated to flexible member connector 42.But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, flexible member connector 42 has hole 43, the end 46 of flexible member 26 is inserted in described hole.In alternative embodiments, flexible member connector 42 has slit, and the end 46 of flexible member is received in described slit.Flexible member connector can comprise the forked portion limiting slit.Forked portion can engage the end 46 of flexible member 26.The end of spring can be bent to laterally between orientation and the pointed tooth being positioned at the forked portion in slit.

Insert 30 has through path 48 wherein.The instrument of the end of such as screwdriver or key can be inserted through path and stressed against displaceable element 28, to resist the bias voltage of flexible member 26 and mobile displaceable element, and so makes displaceable element 28 be separated from seat portion 30.When being so separated, displaceable element 28 can be rotated relative to the first hinge components 12 by instrument.But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, insert 30 comprises loop configuration 50.But in alternative embodiments, insert 30 can have at least one facet (that is, insert 30 is not necessarily circular) on its outer surface.The end 41 of displaceable element 28 has such as receiving the tool engaging structures of the form of slots of the end of screwdriver.Tool engaging structures can be configured to such as hex socket, cross head socket, blossom type socket maybe can have usual any structure suitably.

The inner surface 52 of the empty internal 20 of the first hinge components 12 and the external surface 54 in seat portion 30 have interlocking structure, rotate in empty internal 20 to prevent a portion 30.Seat portion 30 has the protuberance of the form of flank 58, and described flank 58 is configured to key or convex spline, and described protuberance is received by the recess of the form of groove 60, and described groove is configured to define the matrix spline in the inner surface 52 of empty internal 20.But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, flank 58 and groove 60 are by portrait orientation.The position of protuberance and recess can exchange.There is multiple spline, make spline joint connect the first element and seat portion.Usually any suitable joint can be used.Spline 58 provides reverse turn to drive attribute, and this can be favourable.

But in this embodiment not necessarily in all of the embodiments illustrated, the holding element 70 of the retaining ring form of circlip form to be arranged in the inner surface groove 62 of the transversal orientation be formed in the inner surface 52 of empty internal 20 and to be arranged in the external surface groove 64 formed in present portion 30.Holding element 70 can take any suitable form, such as e clevis, sheet spring or annulus.The lengthwise position in seat portion 30 is fixed to the end of hinge 10 by retaining ring.In other embodiments, seat portion can use any suitable optional securing member and be fixed, and described securing member is such as pin, binding agent, friction fit part, shrink built-up member, welding, distortion, crimping, clamping or other suitable method any.

Hinge 10 has another portion 66 be fixed in another empty internal 22 of the second hinge components 14.In the present embodiment, fixing means is similar to the method for being fixed with empty internal 30 in seat portion 30, but described fixing means not necessarily this method.Another displaceable element 68 is biased into by flexible member 26 and engages with another portion 66, is transferred to the second hinge components 14 for by the countertorque applied by flexible member 26.Flexible member is operatively connected to another empty internal 22 of the second hinge components 14 by another displaceable element and seat portion.Another portion 66 can be similar or identical with seat portion 30.But, in certain embodiments, another portion 66 and another displaceable element 68 can comprise other multiple interlocking structures, only when another displaceable element 68 and another portion 66 have a relative rotation position in the relative rotation position of another quantity, described multiple interlocking structure interlockings in addition.That is, the quantity of relative rotation position is not identical with the quantity of the relative rotation position of another quantity.Such as, the key 36 of displaceable element 28 can have rectangle (or other) cross section, and another key 71 of another displaceable element 68 can be decagon (or other) cross section.Therefore, stretching force and torque therefore and countertorque can regulate roughly by handling displaceable element 28 and finally regulate by handling another displaceable element 68.

The key 36,71 of their respective displaceable elements 28,68 is biased into and engages with the hexagon keyhole 40 in corresponding seat portion 30,66 by the stretching force of elastomeric spring 26, thus displaceable element 28,68 is positioned to contrary layout, and the rotational motion between displaceable element 28a, 28b is controlled, this can be favourable.Due to this layout, the distortional energy of torque spring 26 is also controlled.

Hollow cylinder 32 is kept by seat portion 30 and another portion 66.

Figure 10 shows the exploded perspective view of another embodiment of hinge 100, and the parts wherein with the form similar with the parts of those shapes in Fig. 1-9 and/or function and/or function are similarly numbered.The embodiment of Figure 10 has the 3rd hinge components, and described 3rd hinge components is positioned in the middle of the first hinge components and the second hinge components.The embodiment described can be changed and/or be revised when not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present embodiment is be all illustrative and nonrestrictive by being considered in all.

Figure 11 illustrates another embodiment of hinge 100.Hinge 100 comprises the feature of hinge 10 and speed control mechanism, and described speed control mechanism is the form of the damping mechanism be connected with the first hinge 112 and the second hinge components 114.Speed control mechanism is constructed such that the first hinge components 112 slows down relative to the motion of the second hinge components 114.Speed control mechanism is configured to slow down the shutoff operation of hinge 100, if thus flexible member is by mistake configured with the stretching force exceeding minimum needs by end user, the such as maximum stretching force selected, then the barrier be hinged that speed control mechanism prevents from being attached to the form of gate on it or door 80 is crashed.To crash the barrier or other the hardware be associated that can damage and be hinged, such as lock or breech lock.Speed control mechanism can be configured to the final plant closure operation controlling gate or door 80, as shown in figure 11.The initial closing velocity indicated by region 84 of gate or door 80 can be arranged by the stretching force of hinge 100 and be set up.The final plant closure speed indicated by region 86 of gate or door 80 can be controlled the motion of gate or door 80 is slowed down by speed control mechanism, to crash retainer 82 to prevent gate or door 80.

The speed control mechanism of Figure 11 is hydraulic damping unit, but speed control mechanism can take any suitable form.Such as, speed control mechanism can comprise air damping unit, be arranged to the magnetic element, Compress Spring and the cam that repel each other in any one.

Figure 12 illustrates another embodiment of hinge 110.Hinge 110 comprises the feature of hinge 10.First hinge components 122 comprises the first ferromagnetic element 88, and the second hinge components 124 also comprises second ferromagnetic element 90 of magnetic absorption to the first ferromagnetic element 88.First ferromagnetic element and the second ferromagnetic element are configured such that the first hinge components 122 is separated with the second hinge components 124 bias voltage by the magnetic absorption between the first magnetic element 88 and the second magnetic element 90, thus hinged barrier 80 is closed.In final plant closure operation, the magnetic absorption auxiliary elastic element 26 between the first magnetic element 88 and the second magnetic element 90 closes gate or door 80, and (being sometimes referred to as buckle to close), in final plant closure operation, final plant closure speed is accelerated.As shown in figure 12, the initial closing velocity indicated by region 92 of gate or door 80 can be arranged by the stretching force of hinge 110 and be set up.The final plant closure speed indicated by region 94 of gate or door 80 can be controlled by the combination of the magnetic force between the first magnetic element 88 and the second magnetic element 90 and flexible member 26.

In another embodiment, hinge 110 comprises above-disclosed speed control mechanism, described speed control mechanism and the first magnetic element 88 and the second magnetic element 90 combine, close to have in check final plant closure or buckle, and gate or door 80 can not such as to be crashed closedown to gate or door holder moving part 82.

Fastening closing structure as described in the above-described embodiments can overcome the friction between the cooperation/connecting elements of hinge, and can guarantee that gate is fully closed.

As truly having, prior art described herein is not considered to admit that prior art all forms the part of common practise in any jurisdiction.

Follow of the present invention and in claim in previous description of the present invention, unless within a context due to the implication of clear and definite language or necessity otherwise require when, word " comprises " or such as " includes that " or the modification of " comprising " and so on uses with open form, namely be used to specify exist describe feature, but be not precluded within various embodiment of the present invention exist or add other features.

Claims (41)

1. a hinge, comprising:

First hinge components and the second hinge components, described first hinge components and described second hinge components comprise empty internal respectively;

Seat portion, described seat portion is fixed in the described empty internal of described first hinge components;

Flexible member; With

Displaceable element, described displaceable element is engaged for the torque transfer that will be applied to by described flexible member on described displaceable element to described first hinge components with described seat portion by described spring member biases one-tenth, and described flexible member is operatively connected to described second hinge components and is transferred to described second hinge components for by the countertorque applied by described flexible member.

2. hinge according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element can resist described flexible member bias voltage and mobile with from described seat part from, and when being so separated, described flexible member can reverse around the longitudinal axis of described flexible member, to regulate when described displaceable element engages with described seat portion the torque applied by described flexible member.

3. hinge according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element and described seat portion comprise multiple interlocking structure, only when described displaceable element and described seat portion have a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation position, described multiple interlocking structure interlocking, and each relative rotation position place of the described multiple relative rotation position in described displaceable element and described seat portion, described elastic component is differently reversed and is applied different torques.

4. hinge according to claim 1, the position adjustments of wherein said displaceable element changes the biasing force of described flexible member.

5. hinge according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element can resist described flexible member bias voltage and mobile with from described seat part from, and can around described fore-aft axis when being so separated, to regulate when engaging with described seat portion the torque applied by described flexible member.

6. the hinge according to any one in claim 1 and claim 5, wherein said seat portion comprises insert.

7. hinge according to claim 6, wherein said insert has the seating surface for receiving described displaceable element.

8. hinge according to claim 6, wherein said insert has through the path for instrument wherein, and described instrument is used for described displaceable element is moved.

9. hinge according to claim 6, wherein said insert comprises the loop configuration with central corridor.

10. hinge according to claim 1, the inner surface of the empty internal of wherein said first hinge components and the external surface in described seat portion have the interlocking structure for preventing described seat portion from rotating relative to described empty internal.

11. hinges according to claim 10, one in the described empty internal of wherein said seat portion and described first hinge components comprises protuberance, and the recess that described protuberance is formed in the another one of the described empty internal of described seat portion and described first hinge components receives.

12. hinges according to claim 11, wherein said protuberance is the form of flank, and described recess is the form of groove.

13. hinges according to claim 12, wherein said flank and described groove are by portrait orientation.

14. hinges according to claim 1, wherein holding element is arranged on the inner surface groove in the described empty internal being formed at described first hinge components and is formed in the external surface groove in described seat portion.

15. hinges according to claim 14, wherein said holding element comprises retaining ring.

16. hinges according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element and described seat portion comprise multiple interlocking structure, when only there is when described displaceable element and described seat portion one in multiple relative rotation position, described multiple interlocking structure interlocking.

17. hinges according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element comprises key, and described key is configured to engage described seat portion for the torque transfer be applied to by described flexible member on described displaceable element to described first hinge components.

18. hinges according to claim 17, wherein said key has Rotation Symmetry.

19. hinges according to any one in claim 17 and claim 18, wherein said key has polygonal crosssection.

20. hinges according to any one in claim 17 and claim 18, wherein said key has the one in hexagonal cross-section and octagonal cross-section.

21. hinges according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element comprises flexible member connector.

22. hinges according to claim 21, described flexible member connector limits the hole that have received a part for described flexible member.

23. hinges according to claim 1, comprise the pin described seat portion being fixed to described first hinge components.

24. hinges according to claim 1, wherein said displaceable element is slidable element.

25. hinges according to claim 6, comprise another portion and another displaceable element, another portion described is fixed in the described empty internal of described second hinge components, and another displaceable element described is become to engage with another portion described by described spring member biases, is transferred to described second hinge components for by the countertorque applied by described flexible member.

26. hinges according to claim 16, comprise another portion and another displaceable element, another portion described is fixed in the described empty internal of described second hinge components, and another displaceable element described is become to engage with another portion described by described spring member biases, is transferred to described second hinge components for by the countertorque applied by described flexible member.

27. hinges according to claim 25, another portion wherein said is identical with described seat portion.

28. hinges according to claim 26, another displaceable element wherein said and another portion described comprise other multiple interlocking structures, only when described displaceable element and another portion described have a relative rotation position in other multiple relative rotation positions, described multiple interlocking structure interlockings in addition.

29. hinges according to claim 25, wherein said displaceable element is separated by described elastic component with another displaceable element described.

30. hinges according to claim 1, wherein said flexible member comprises at least one in torque spring, plane blade torque spring and synthesis muscle.

31. hinges according to claim 1, the described empty internal of wherein said first hinge components and the described empty internal of described second hinge components center on longitudinal axis.

32. hinges according to claim 31, wherein said flexible member is arranged on described longitudinal axis.

33. hinges according to any one in claim 31 and claim 32, wherein said displaceable element is arranged on described longitudinal axis.

34. hinges according to claim 1, comprise cylindrical sleeve, described cylindrical sleeve is received by the described empty internal of each in described first hinge components and described second hinge components, and wherein said flexible member and described displaceable element are arranged in described cylindrical sleeve respectively.

35. hinges according to claim 1, also comprise speed control mechanism, described speed control mechanism is connected with described first hinge components and described second hinge components, and is configured for described first hinge components is slowed down relative to the motion of described second hinge components.

36. hinges according to any one in claim 1 or 35, wherein said first hinge components also comprises the first ferromagnetic element, and described second hinge components also comprises second ferromagnetic element of magnetic absorption to described first ferromagnetic element, and described first hinge components is separated with described second hinge components bias voltage by described magnetic absorption.

37. hinges according to claim 16, each place wherein in described multiple relative rotation position in described displaceable element and described seat portion, described elastic component is differently reversed and is applied different torques.

38. 1 kinds of methods operating hinge, comprise the following steps:

By the torque transfer that is applied to by flexible member on displaceable element to the first hinge components, described first hinge components comprises the seat portion in the empty internal being fixed on described first hinge components;

By described flexible member described displaceable element is biased into and engages with described seat portion; And

The countertorque applied by described flexible member is transferred to the second hinge components.

39. according to method according to claim 38, comprise the following steps: resist the bias voltage of described flexible member and move described displaceable element, with make described displaceable element from described seat part from, longitudinal axis around described flexible member reverses described flexible member, then described displaceable element is joined to described seat portion, to regulate the torque applied by described flexible member.

40., according to method according to claim 38, comprise the following steps: inserted in described seat portion and be fixed in the described empty internal of described first hinge components.

41. according to method according to claim 38, comprise the following steps: select a relative rotation position in multiple relative rotation positions in described displaceable element and described seat portion and interlock the interlocking structure in described displaceable element and described seat portion, with the described relative rotation position in the fixing described multiple relative rotation position so selected, each place wherein in described multiple relative rotation position, described elastic component is differently reversed and is applied different torques.