Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of multi-functional continuous-flow type electrolyzer.Electrolyzer is made up of water jacket, the tabular lateral electrode with plural electrode, the tabular medial electrode with plural electrode, inside groove, partition panel, the first hole and the second hole.
Described water jacket forms tabular with circumferential direction and base is fixed, and the electrode that inner peripheral surface is provided with plural number forms lateral electrode.
The opposite in described lateral electrode face is process face, and process face forms U-shaped along lateral electrode face, and process face is fixed within water jacket, forms the space of one direction current between lateral electrode face and process face.
Described process film refers to barrier film or ion-exchange membrane, separately uses according to treatment liq difference.
The retaining plate of described inside groove inner face is provided with the electrode formation medial electrode of plural number.
The first surface of water flow space is carried out current and cuts off formation current closing surface by described partition panel.
The first surface of described water flow space process film is non-permeable.
Described first hole is arranged on the side outer well surface of current closing surface, and described second hole is arranged on the opposite side outer well surface of current closing surface.
Described electrolytic tank electrolysis and electrodialysis can carry out simultaneously, select wanted treatment solution.Electrodialysis refer to adopt low current do not make its reaction that produces electrolysis, utilize ion-exchange membrane optionally (as positively charged ion or negatively charged ion) carry out the feature of ion-exchange, make the technology that the ionic species in solution is separated.The technology of simultaneously carrying out due to electrolysis and electrodialysis does not also have correct concept, and the present invention is temporarily called " electrolysis dialysis ".
The interior lateral electrode plate of described electrolyzer is not limited to plate, may also be for arc.Liquid flow path is not limited to U-shaped, may also be C type or how bent angle-style.
Described current cut off the partition referring to processed liquid-flow groove, and the longitudinal direction of the groove that is flows is cut off, and partition panel is fixed between inside and outside grain with mosaic mode.
Described first hole and the second hole can arbitrarily as outlet or entrances according to the difference of handling object, and when a side is as entrance, the opposing party is as outlet.
The inside of described inside groove is the tank room of electrolytic solution, processed liquid forms flowing from the inlet to the outlet, during internal and external electrode energising, barrier film produces electrolysis and dialyses or electrodialysis, utilize apparatus of the present invention can the electrolytic solution of production various uses, and waste liquid harmless treatment and desalination (as seawater) process etc. can be made.Liquid to be treated forms U-shaped one way flow in electrolyzer, and namely the first hole is to the second hole or the second hole to the first hole, and liquid to be treated is uniflux between lateral electrode and barrier film, can not form liquid interflow or liquid hold-up in stream.
Described liquid to be treated can not form liquid interflow or liquid hold-up in stream, and liquid to be treated and electrolysis are undertaken face contact area and increased, and undertakes face contact area and increases, can reduce the volume and weight of equipment completely due to electrolysis.
Embodiment 1
The present invention first structural feature electrolyzer 2, is described in detail with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 5.
The composition of multi-functional continuous-flow type electrolyzer 2: the lateral electrode 16 of water jacket 11, plural electrode, closed combined closing 21, obstruct section 40, plural connecting material 41, first hole 48 and the second hole 49.
Water jacket 11 uses erosion resisting insulation synthetic resins material to be integrated into, and comprises the bottom of water jacket 11, perisporium 13, upper rim portion 14.
Bottom 12 is horizontal tabular, and perisporium 13 is (as shown in Figure 2), and hollow polygon perisporium 13 forms 10 faces, represents with 13a ~ 13j.
13a ~ 13e forms the front of perisporium 13, and front sidewall 13a and 13b of 13a ~ 13e is interconnected, and section is in the shape of the letter V outside convex type, and same 13d and 13e is interconnected, and section is in the shape of the letter V outside convex type.Both sides, front male part and perisporium 13c are interconnected.
13h forms the back side of perisporium 13, parallel with 13c.13e, 13f, 13g, 13h, 13i, 13j, 13a are interconnected at an angle.
The object of the front V-shaped concave portion of perisporium 13 is the internal spaces increasing perisporium 13, and section is formed and is not limited to V-type, may also be U-shaped, circular arc type, the shape such as trapezoidal.
As shown in Figure 3, wheel rim 14 protrudes from perisporium 13, and with molectron 21 combined closing, what wheel rim 14 was provided with plural number is connected and fixed groove 14a, be connected and fixed groove 14a and molectron 21 to be connected and fixed groove 28a mutually corresponding.
As shown in Figure 3, lateral electrode 16 is formed through platinum plated film by titanium plate, and each perisporium is corner tabular, and each central part of lateral electrode 16 is provided with electrode connecting end 16a, and lateral electrode coupling end 16a forms Electrode connection in the outer end of water jacket.
As shown in Figure 2, lateral electrode 16 is fixed on the inner peripheral surface of perisporium 13, namely lateral electrode 16 uses on adhesive method bonding and sidewall 13f ~ 13j, separated by a distance between each lateral electrode 16, the electrode connecting end 16a of each lateral electrode 16 leads to the outside of electrolyzer by each sidewall 13f ~ 13j of perisporium 13.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5, molectron 21 by inside groove 22, plural inside groove electrode 25, upper cover 28, second liquid entrance 32, portable 35 and conformable material 36,37 to be formed.
Inside groove 22 is enclosed within base plate 24 by angle tubular process film 23 and forms (as Suo Shi [Fig. 6]), and the upper end of inside groove 22 is evolution formula.Inside groove 22 is the angle tubular of more than corner (as sexangle), and the front 22a of inside groove 22 is non-permeable plate.
As shown in Figure 2, except the sidewall 22a of inside groove 22, other sidewalls are process film 23, occupy the major part of sidewall.Process film 23 is all barrier film or ion-exchange membrane.According to the difference of barrier film use, barrier film prepared by the barrier film that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) of titanium plated film can be used to prepare, ethylene chloride or barrier film prepared by many ethylene chlorides.Different ions exchange membrane according to use can use cationic exchange membrane or anion-exchange membrane.
Medial electrode 25 is that titanium plate forms through platinum plated film, and each electrode plate of medial electrode 25 is provided with stick electrode end 25a, and stick electrode end is fixed on the inner face of medial electrode 25 with above-below direction, and electrode tip 25a exposes upper end on electrolyzer.As shown in Figure 2, medial electrode 25 employs 3 electrode plate, and 3 electrode plate are コ font cubic arrangement, is fixed on the inside of inside groove 22, base plate 24.
The notch part of medial electrode 25 is towards front, and 3 electrode plate at right angles connect, and is set in parallel with sidewall 22a, the two side that processes film 23.
The spacing of each medial electrode 25 and process film 23 is between 5mm ~ 35mm, and if spacing is more than 35mm, although increase the volume of electrolyzer, electrolysis performance also declines thereupon.Lower than 5mm, the circulation resistibility of electrolytic solution increases, and affects electrolysis performance.
Upper cover 28 uses the corrosion-resistant synthetic resins of insulation to be integrated into, upper cover 28 and wheel rim 14 lap seal water jacket 11, and the pickup groove 14a of plural number and the pickup groove 28a of plural number are mutually corresponding airtight (as shown in Figure 3).
As shown in Figure 4, the bottom periphery of upper cover 28 forms convex by support portion 29, and support portion 29 convex shaped part is identical with the shape of inside groove 22, and the upper end of inside groove 22 is connected with upper cover 28 is closely sealed.As shown in Figure 3, upper cover 28 is provided with electrode tip 25a and the electrode sky 30 with number, makes electrode tip 25a stretch out upper cover 28.
As shown in Figure 4, upper cover 28 bottom periphery uses sealing material 31 to carry out encapsulation process, and sealing material 31 uses silicone rubber material, and shape is identical with water jacket 11 upper end edge portion, for the sealing of upper cover 28 with water jacket 11, prevents liquid leakage.
Second transfer lime 63 is connected with the second liquid entrance 32, enters in groove by upper cover 28, and the lower end of the second liquid entrance 32 is arranged on base plate 24 slightly upper end.
The through base plate 24 of tank level control pipe 33, is arranged in the middle of inside groove 22, and as shown in Figure 2, medial electrode 25 and sidewall 22a are centered around tank level control pipe 33 around, and the upper end of tank level control pipe 33 is close to the inner face of upper cover 28, and tank level control pipe 33 controls the liquid level of the second liquid.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, handle 35 is fixed on above upper cover 28, is convenient to the assembly and disassembly of molectron 21.
As shown in Figure 3, sealing material 36 and sealing material 37 use corrosion-resistant resilient silicone rubber material to make, and the sealing-ring that sealing material 36 is integrated, sealing material 36 is assembled in the outer rim of inside groove 22 upper end.Sealing material 37 is assembled in the outer rim of inside groove 22 lower end.
In addition, sealing material 36 and sealing material 37, by molectron 21 and water jacket 11 contiguity and support mutually, make molectron 21 more stable, make again G1 and G2 of stream G cut off completely.
As shown in Fig. 3 and Tu Fig. 5, the outside central part of inside groove 22 sidewall 22a, is provided with the partition rack 38 that silicone rubber is made, the thickness of partition rack 38 and sealing material 36,37 identical, and partition rack 38 upper and lower ends is connected with sealing material 36,37.Formed between two partition racks 38 and cut off pickup groove 38a.
Molectron 21 can simply freely be dismantled from water jacket is suitable for reading or installs.Partition panel 40 (silicone rubber is made) is all embedded in from top to bottom and cuts off within pickup groove 38a.Partition panel 40 gives prominence to partition rack 38, partition panel 40 is loaded and unloaded simply, is convenient to the replacing of partition panel 40.
The inside groove 22 of molectron 21 is pressed into water jacket 11 gently from top, and sealing material 36,37 touches the inner peripheral surface with water jacket about 11 two ends, makes molectron 21 and water jacket 11 be completely fixed like this.
Tank level control pipe 33 lower end runs through the bottom of inside groove 22 and the bottom 12 of water jacket 11, protrudes from the lower foreign side of bottom 12.While the sealing material 31 of upper cover 28 and the airtight combination in water jacket 11 upper end, have elastic sealing material make the partition rack 38 of inside groove 22 and partition panel 40 completely closely sealed with the inner face of water jacket 11 sidewall 13c.
Above-mentionedly define the state that inside groove 22 is contained in water jacket 11, as shown in Figure 2, define stream G.One end G1 of stream G is the triangular space that the sidewall 22a be cut off by sidewall 13d, 13e of water jacket 11 and opposite inside groove 22 part is formed.Equally, one end G2 of stream G is the triangular space that the sidewall 22a be cut off by sidewall 13a, 13b of water jacket 11 and opposite inside groove 22 part is formed.
In the both sides, front of water jacket 11 side by side, have certain distance between the two, G1, G2 form rectification room to one end G1 of stream G and the other end G2.
The inner space from G1 to G2 of stream G, is made up of the sidewall beyond inside groove 22 sidewall 22a and water jacket 11 sidewall 13f ~ 13j.The interior space of stream G, forms the U-shaped stream in how bent angle by lateral electrode 16 and process film 23.
Lateral electrode 16 is narrow with the spacing of process film 23 compared with medial electrode 25 with the spacing of process film 23, lateral electrode 16 is 1.0mm ~ 3.5mm with the spacing of process film 23, particularly suitable between 2.0mm ~ 2.5mm, this spacing conforms to the most with the thickness of sealing material 36,37, and sealing dottle pin function is given full play to.
Manually pull button 41 for the closing of water jacket 11 and molectron 21, fixing.Manually pull button 41 and only need manual operations, without the need to any instrument.
As shown in Figure 4, manually pull button 41 to be made up of convex wheel 42, bar 43, bolt 44, hex-nut 45 and pad 46.
Circular hole and the convex of the upper end 43a of bar 43 are taken turns 42 mutually chimeric, and convex wheel 42 is embedded within 43a, and bar 43 can be moved up and down.Bolt 44 and convex are taken turns 42 and are connected with screw socket, nut type, and hex-nut 45 connects with screw socket, nut type in the lower end of bolt 44, and bolt 44 inserts in the hole after pickup groove 28a, 14a assembling, and bolt 44 can move up and down.
The upper end 43a of bar 43 and convex take turns the center complex portion of 42 for adopt eccentric wheel design, by moving up and down of bar 43, produce decompression and pressurization, when bar 43 is downwards to power, increase the confining pressure of water jacket 11 and molectron 21.Said process forms the assemble method of electrolyzer 2.
As shown in Figure 2, the first hole 48 is arranged at one end G1 of stream G, the lower end of water jacket 11 sidewall 13d, uses pipe connecting to be communicated with G1 in the first hole 48.
Equally, the second hole 49 is arranged at one end G2 of stream G, runs through the upper end of water jacket 11, water jacket 11 sidewall 13a.Pipe connecting is used to be communicated with G2 in the second hole 49.
Liquid delivery tube can be connected with either party of the first hole 48 or the second hole 49, and equally, liquid return tube also can be connected with either party of the second hole 49 or the first hole 48, and such composition, can make the liquid in electrolyzer 2 be reverse direction flowing.
The change of path direction, liquid stream or curved flowing, can not produce sinuous flow and interflow phenomenon.
The stream G (stream between lateral electrode 16 and process film 23) of electrolyzer 2 is in polygon stream.Polygon flow passage structure, increases the resistibility to liquid, adds liquid and lateral electrode 16 and process duration of contact of film 23, thus the processing efficiency of increase electrolyzer 2.
First hole 48 and the second hole 49 arrange at various height, as liquid flow from the first hole 48 to the second hole 49 time, while flowing liquid level raises gradually, liquid is U-shaped flowing, this structure is except suppressing the generation in liquid hold-up territory, too increase liquid and lateral electrode 16 and process duration of contact of film 23
The spacing setting that the lateral electrode 16 that water jacket 11 is fixing and inside groove 22 process film is between 1.0 ~ 3.5mm, as being less than 1.0mm, the resistance that first liquid A is formed in stream G is excessive, causes the laminar flow difficulty of the first liquid A in stream G, electrolyzer processing efficiency is declined.As being greater than 3.5mm, in stream G, the first liquid A can produce the velocity contrast of flowing, and velocity contrast can produce fluid vortex and liquid hold-up territory, and processing efficiency is declined.
Aforesaid combination body 21 can simply be dismantled above electrolyzer, and can simply clean the inner face of lateral electrode 16, inside groove 22 and process film 23 and safeguard, the character different according to liquid to be treated can provide for simple replacement of different process films 23.
Electrolyzer 2 combination unit 21, the airtight of perisporium 13 of its water jacket 11 employs contractibility enclosed material 36 and 37, upper cover is provided with handle 35, operator uses handle 35 simply combination unit 21 to be pressed into water jacket or to take out from water jacket, any instrument, people's disassembled simply combination unit 21 can not be used, make the maintenance of combination unit 21 and change more simple.