CN105462634B - 一种甲醇汽油复合添加剂 - Google Patents

一种甲醇汽油复合添加剂 Download PDF

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CN105462634B
CN105462634B CN201610027356.3A CN201610027356A CN105462634B CN 105462634 B CN105462634 B CN 105462634B CN 201610027356 A CN201610027356 A CN 201610027356A CN 105462634 B CN105462634 B CN 105462634B
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俞权锋
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Yongkang Castor Vehicle Service Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明提供的甲醇汽油复合添加剂,是由以下重量份数的组分制成：异戊醇13～16份、乙醇4～6份、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯6～8份、叔丁基甲基醚5～7份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚3～5份、异丙醇胺3～4份、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2～3份、5‑甲基苯并三氮唑4～6份、甲基异丁基酮5～6份。本发明甲醇汽油复合添加剂与现有技术比较，可以明显降低甲醇汽油对汽车金属以及对油路系统橡胶腐蚀，并且对提高M30甲醇汽油的动力有一定作用，且不含锰、铁等金属及有害物质成份，避免了对环境产生次生污染。

Description

一种甲醇汽油复合添加剂
技术领域
本发明属于甲醇替代车用燃料技术领域，涉及一种甲醇汽油用添加剂，特别是一种甲醇汽油复合添加剂。
背景技术
甲醇是由煤、焦、天然气、轻油、重油等为原料合成生产的工业甲醇，甲醇的性质：工业甲醇有毒、易燃、易爆。在常温常压下，甲醇为无色、透明、易流动、易挥发的液体，具有与乙醇相似的气味。甲醇汽油在动力性能上是否可以替代汽、柴油。甲醇汽油需要由甲醇、汽油和核心添加剂配置而成，甲醇汽油技术已成熟。
甲醇汽油性能：一.在动力性方面，通过改变发动机的供油系统，增加喷油量以弥补甲醇热值低的不足，再通过增加压缩比(甲醇辛烷值RON106～115，远高于汽油并且汽化潜热大)就可以在很大程度上增加发动机的功率和扭矩，动力性较之同排量的汽油机会有很大的提高。二.在经济性方面，制造甲醇的成本一般相对燃油来讲很低，而利用高硫煤“多联供”生产甲醇，按甲醇与汽油..5∶1的替代比计算，使用甲醇燃料在经济性方面仍有非常大的优势。另外，因为采用了高压缩比发动机，油耗进一步降低，从而进一步提高了甲醇发动机的经济性。三.在环保性方面，甲醇汽油的火焰传播速度快，分子含氧量达50％，所以甲醇汽油混合气的燃烧非常充分，排放远低于汽油。甲醇汽油由基础汽油、甲醇和相关添加剂组成。甲醇汽油的技术关键核心是添加剂的技术水平和质量控制。甲醇汽油添加剂的技术含量，是决定调配甲醇汽油品质优良的灵魂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够有效降低甲醇汽油对汽车发动机金属部件，以及橡胶部件腐蚀，并能促进M30甲醇汽油的动力的甲醇汽油复合添加剂。
本发明提供的甲醇汽油复合添加剂,是由以下重量份数的组分制成：异戊醇13～16份、乙醇4～6份、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯6～8份、叔丁基甲基醚5～7份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚3～5份、异丙醇胺3～4份、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2～3份、5-甲基苯并三氮唑4～6份、甲基异丁基酮5～6份。
作为优化，该甲醇汽油复合添加剂，其特征在于，是由以下重量份数的组分制成：异戊醇15份、乙醇5份、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯7份、叔丁基甲基醚6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚4份、异丙醇胺3.5份、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2.5份、5-甲基苯并三氮唑5份、甲基异丁基酮5.5份。
制备本发明甲醇汽油复合添加剂的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将所述重量份数的异戊醇、乙醇、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯加到反应釜内，于48～52℃条件下密闭搅拌反应40～50分钟；
(2)将所述重量份数的叔丁基甲基醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯，加入到步骤(1)中的混合物中，于53～60℃条件下搅拌30～40分钟；
(3)将所述重量份数的5-甲基苯并三氮唑、甲基异丁基酮，加入到步骤(2)中的混合物中，于42～48℃条件下搅拌20～25分钟，即得。
使用时，在普通M30甲醇汽油中添加0.5～0.6％(体积百分数)本发明添加剂后，M30甲醇汽油对发动机金属的腐蚀性明显降低，对汽车油路系统的橡胶部件的腐蚀性也明显降低。本发明甲醇汽油复合添加剂与现有技术比较，可以明显降低甲醇汽油对汽车金属以及对油路系统橡胶腐蚀，并且对提高M30甲醇汽油的动力有一定作用，且不含锰、铁等金属及有害物质成份，避免了对环境产生次生污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，但所述实施例并不局限于对本发明的限定。
实施例1：
(1)将异戊醇15千克、乙醇5千克、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯7千克加到反应釜内，于48～52℃条件下密闭搅拌反应40～50分钟；
(2)将叔丁基甲基醚6千克、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-7)4千克、异丙醇胺3.5千克、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2.5千克，加入到步骤(1)中的混合物中，于53～60℃条件下搅拌30～40分钟；
(3)将5-甲基苯并三氮唑5千克、甲基异丁基酮5.5千克，加入到步骤(2)中的混合物中，于42～48℃条件下搅拌20～25分钟，即得。使用时，在普通M30甲醇汽油中添加0.5～0.6％(体积百分数)本发明复合添加剂。
实施例2：
(1)将异戊醇13千克、乙醇4千克、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯6千克加到反应釜内，于48～52℃条件下密闭搅拌反应40～50分钟；
(2)将叔丁基甲基醚5千克、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-7)3千克、异丙醇胺3千克、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2千克，加入到步骤(1)中的混合物中，于53～60℃条件下搅拌30～40分钟；
(3)将5-甲基苯并三氮唑4千克、甲基异丁基酮5千克，加入到步骤(2)中的混合物中，于42～48℃条件下搅拌20～25分钟，即得。使用时，在普通M30甲醇汽油中添加0.5～0.6％(体积百分数)本发明复合添加剂。
实施例3：
(1)将异戊醇16千克、乙醇6千克、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯8千克加到反应釜内，于48～52℃条件下密闭搅拌反应40～50分钟；
(2)将叔丁基甲基醚7千克、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-7)5千克、异丙醇胺4千克、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯3千克，加入到步骤(1)中的混合物中，于53～60℃条件下搅拌30～40分钟；
(3)将5-甲基苯并三氮唑6千克、甲基异丁基酮6千克，加入到步骤(2)中的混合物中，于42～48℃条件下搅拌20～25分钟，即得。使用时，在普通M30甲醇汽油中添加0.5～0.6％(体积百分数)本发明复合添加剂。
相关实验：金属腐蚀实验参照ASTM G31—72“金属实验室沉浸腐蚀试验的推荐规范”和国家标准GB 378—64《发动机燃料铜片腐蚀试验法》，将尺寸为40X 13×(2～3)mm已处理过的45钢、H65黄铜和紫铜标准试样，分别浸入到M30甲醇汽油、含有实施例1、2、3的复合添加剂的M30甲醇汽油中，用橡胶塞封口，外接冷凝管与大气接通，每组平行试样2～3个。试验温度控制为(25±1)℃，时间为168h。本发明甲醇汽油复合添加剂可以有效抑制甲醇汽油对汽车发动机的腐蚀。实验结果见表1。
表1 不同组别金属腐蚀浸泡实验结果
动力试验：通过对M30甲醇汽油、93#国标汽油、M30+本发明实施例1添加剂进行发动机功率、扭矩、燃油消耗率测试，试验所使用的发动机是斯柯达明锐1.6L发动机。测试结果见表2。
表2 不同组别对发动机性能影响的实验
组别 M30甲醇汽油 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
功率\转速) 73.89\5300 74.97\5300 74.89\5300 74.83\5300
最大扭矩\转速 151.26\3700 152.69\3700 152.70\3700 152.46\3700
另外，观察浸泡于含本发明甲醇汽油复合添加剂的M30甲醇汽油中的油浮子及管路等橡胶材料，与浸泡在普通M30甲醇汽油进行比较，未出现橡胶发硬、发白，浸泡液没有明显浑浊，油浮子及管路等材料均可以正常使用。

Claims (3)

1.一种甲醇汽油复合添加剂；其特征在于，是由以下重量份数的组分制成：异戊醇13～16份、乙醇4～6份、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯6～8份、叔丁基甲基醚5～7份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚3～5份、异丙醇胺3～4份、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2～3份、5-甲基苯并三氮唑4～6份、甲基异丁基酮5～6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甲醇汽油复合添加剂，其特征在于，是由以下重量份数的组分制成：
异戊醇15份、乙醇5份、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯7份、叔丁基甲基醚6份、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚4份、异丙醇胺3.5份、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯2.5份、5-甲基苯并三氮唑5份、甲基异丁基酮5.5份。
3.一种制备权利要求1所述的甲醇汽油复合添加剂的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将所述重量份数的异戊醇、乙醇、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯加到反应釜内，于48～52℃条件下密闭搅拌反应40～50分钟；
(2)将所述重量份数的叔丁基甲基醚、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷三辛酸酯，加入到步骤(1)中的混合物中，于53～60℃条件下搅拌30～40分钟；
(3)将所述重量份数的5-甲基苯并三氮唑、甲基异丁基酮，加入到步骤(2)中的混合物中，于42～48℃条件下搅拌20～25分钟，即得。
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