CN105461006A - Cavitation plasma water treatment device and method - Google Patents
Cavitation plasma water treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105461006A CN105461006A CN201510940723.4A CN201510940723A CN105461006A CN 105461006 A CN105461006 A CN 105461006A CN 201510940723 A CN201510940723 A CN 201510940723A CN 105461006 A CN105461006 A CN 105461006A
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- plasma
- water
- water treatment
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
The invention relates to a cavitation plasma water treatment device and method. The device comprises a Venturi tube. The Venturi tube comprises an inlet section (1), a contraction section (2), a mouthpiece section (3) and a diffuser (4). A plasma generator (5) is arranged in the diffuser (4). Water enters the inlet section (1) from an inlet (6) of the Venturi tube, then enters the contraction section (2), enters the mouthpiece section (3) and flows into the diffuser (4). The plasma generator (5) is arranged in the diffuser (4) to act on water and cavitation bubbles in the water, and produces a water treatment effect. According to the cavitation plasma water treatment device and method, plasma is applied in the cavitation environment for water treatment, the technical constriction is simple, the cavitation liquid conveying negative factors are changed into plasma working conditions, the plasma water treatment effect is greatly enhanced, and advantages which cannot be replaced with pure plasma water treatment appear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cavitation erosion plasma body water treatment device and method.
Background technology
Cavitation erosion is also known as cavitation corrosion and cavitation pitting, the satellite phenomenon that fluid occurs under flow at high speed and pressure change condition, its operative condition can not look down upon, it can with the small cave of gathering on the metallic surface or concrete surface of fluid contact, along with continuing of cavitation erosion, pit can be expanded into the cavern of UNICOM very soon.
For Venturi tube, Venturi tube is made up of entrance, contraction section, venturi and expansion section.
Venturi tube major advantage is that device is simple; Secondly, the expansion section due to it makes fluid slow down gradually, reduces turbulivity (see turbulent flow), so loss of pressure head is little, is no more than 10 ~ 20% of pressure reduction between entrance and venturi.There is the negative pressuren zone of position in dispersion of flow section of cavitation erosion in Venturi tube.When the vapor pressure of negative pressuren zone pressure lower than water, bubble will be formed near solid surface.In cavitation erosion process, bubble produces rapidly, expand, and crumbles and fall rapidly again, forms shock wave and high-speed micro-jet in a liquid.When dissolving gas in a liquid to negative pressuren zone, as easy as rolling off a log precipitation and form bubble.Subsequently, when bubbly flow is in flow process, during the pressure effect of being pulsed, bubble is crumbled and fall equally, at the high temperature of the great surging force of instantaneous generation and tiny area of crumbling and fall.
Plasma body is made up of the molecule of electronics, negative ions, excited state, atom and free radical particle etc., shows the non-condensed state system of a kind of quasi-neutrality of collective behavior.Plasma body, as the novel method of water treatment, especially for can not biochemical, poisonous and harmful and the high pollution waste water of difficult degradation and the in-depth process to domestic water, has the distinctive feature that other water treatment method does not have.And simple plasma body carries out water treatment, there is more office's property, if effective zone of action is only at plasma discharge channels, be limited in scope; The homogeneity of effect is inconsistent.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of cavitation erosion plasma body water treatment device and method for above-mentioned prior art, it applies plasma body and carries out water treatment in cavitation erosion environment, technological maheup is simple, the Liquid transfer unfavorable factor of cavitation erosion is become plasma operation condition, greatly strengthen the water treatment efficiency of plasma body, occur the irreplaceable advantage of simple plasma body water treatment.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem is: a kind of cavitation erosion plasma body water treatment device, it comprises Venturi tube, described Venturi tube comprises entrance, contraction section, mouthpiece's section and expansion section, is provided with plasma generator in described expansion section.
A kind of cavitation erosion plasma water treatment method, water body enters entrance by the entrance of Venturi tube, take advantage of a situation again and enter contraction section, enter mouthpiece's section again, flow to expansion section, in expansion section, have plasma generator to have an effect to the cavity in water body and water body, produce water treatment efficiency, in expansion section by plasma generator to after water body process, by outlet by process after water body flow out.
Cavitation erosion process has the strong and fast-growth feature of violent change ability, easier by Conversion of energy be in ground state molecule can, be easy to high-energy electron and elastic collision occurs water molecules (atom), make water (or sewage) be in active state.Plasma body under cavitation condition, due to the unstable of process, violent change and the randomness of cavitating, under plasma high electric field environment, very easily generate a large amount of free oxygens, free radical and ozone class active group, a large amount of active particles can produce electrochemical reaction with water body (or sewage), owing to cavitating process in rapid succession, the chemical molecular key of the molecular linkage making sewage particularly objectionable impurities wherein, there is energy of plasma to intensify lower generation simple substance atom or monoatomic molecule structure, serve the degradation effect of toxic substance.Plasma generation free radical in cavitation erosion environment, under the acting in conjunction of the energy field that cavitation erosion is collapsed and energy of plasma field, can produce a large amount of ozone, ozone can continuous action for some time in water, produces organic oxidation, the decomposition of pollutent, decolouring, deodorizing and sterilising effect.Plasma body degradation of organic substances in cavitation erosion environment, final product is CO
2and H
2o
2; When pollutent is inorganics, the result of final oxidation is the oxide compound being not dissolved in water, easily removes when later purification process.In cavitation erosion environment, the ultraviolet of plasma generation has the reflex of refraction, diffusion and walls, is more conducive to the effect of sterilizing and overcomes the problem that simple plasma body has sterilizing dead band.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, when liquid stream is through venturi conduit, flow velocity acquires a certain degree in throat, and the low pressure produced in this place can make the liquid cavitation flowing through this place, forms a large amount of dispersion cavitys of dispersion pattern.Cavity constantly produces, increase, spread, compound, collapse.In the change procedure of cavity, fierce physical-chemical reaction can be produced, especially in the process spread and collapse, there is comparatively significant atomizating phenomenon.In cavitation erosion environment, arrange plasma generator, plasma state produces synergistic action effect with cavitation erosion process, achieves good water treatment efficiency;
2, in cavitation erosion environment, apply plasma body and carry out water technology formation simply; The Liquid transfer unfavorable factor of cavitation erosion is become plasma operation condition; Greatly strengthen the water treatment efficiency of plasma body; There is the irreplaceable advantage of simple plasma body water treatment;
3, when in little, the Venturi tube of the resistance of Venturi tube plasma body to water body, large, the cavitation erosion of pressure reduction controls, precision is high, system stability good, be convenient to safeguard and realize automatically to control conveniently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of plasma body water treatment device that cavitates of the present invention.
Wherein:
Entrance 1
Contraction section 2
Mouthpiece's section 3
Expansion section 4
Plasma generator 5
Entrance 6
Outlet 7.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the one cavitation erosion plasma body water treatment device in the present embodiment, it comprises Venturi tube, and described Venturi tube comprises entrance 1, contraction section 2, mouthpiece's section 3 and expansion section 4, is provided with plasma generator 5 in described expansion section 4.
A kind of cavitation erosion plasma water treatment method is as follows: water body enters entrance 1 by the entrance 6 of Venturi tube, take advantage of a situation again and enter contraction section 2, enter mouthpiece's section 3 again, flow to expansion section 4, in expansion section 4, there is the cavity in plasma generator 5 pairs of water bodys and water body to have an effect, produce water treatment efficiency, by after plasma generator 5 pairs of water body process in expansion section 4, by outlet 7, the water body after process is flowed out.
Action principle of the present invention:
Venturi op plasma generator scope is at the expansion section of Venturi tube, and the generating capacity of cavitation erosion changes with the change of the pressure of expansion section, and the condition that cavitation erosion occurs in the work area of plasma reactor should meet:
Δh<（1.1－1.3）Δh
r
In formula, Δ h-cavitation condition pressure head;
Δ h
r-condition pressure head, is calculated as follows:
Δh
r＝（p
1min－p
υ）/γ+C
s1 2/2g
In formula, p
1minthe minimum pressure of water body actual measurement during-work;
P
υwater body vapor pressure under-working temperature;
The unit weight of γ-water;
C
s1the water body mean flow rate of-Venturi tube admission section;
G-universal gravity constant.
In cavitation erosion environment, a large amount of cavity contains abundant oxygen, under plasma body electrion condition, except exciting a large amount of free radical, occurring the situations such as strong UV-light, along with a large amount of ozone O
3generate.O
3oxygenizement in aqueous depends on decomposition condition Sum decomposition mechanism, it is generally acknowledged: O
3decomposition course in water is subject to the katalysis of OH-, is reduced very soon, O
3the pattern of decomposing in water has many, and main reaction process has:
O
3+H
2O→HO
3+OH-
HO
3+OH-→2HO
2·
O
3+HO
2·→·OH+2O
2
HO·+HO
2·→H
2O+O
2
Experimentation reacts, and in cavitation erosion plasma body, physical and chemical reaction speed is strong, and its degradation production is H
2o
2, H
2o
2forming process as follows:
H
2o produces division in cavitation erosion plasma body:
H
2O→·H+·OH
H again with O
2reaction
·H+O
2→HO
2·
O and H
2o reacts
·O+H
2O→2·OH
H
2o
2formation
2·OH→H
2O
2
2HO
2·→H
2O
2+O
2
In cavitation erosion environment, plasma generator acts on the water body being mixed into a large amount of cavitation erosion cavitys, produces a large amount of H
2o
2, H
2o
2there is strong oxidation effectiveness, sterilizing object fast can be realized under normal temperature condition.
Plasma generator produces quick sterilization effect to water body and far exceedes above-mentioned H in cavitation erosion environment
2o
2operative condition, occur that comprehensive sterilizing situation has: the compositions such as the intensive ultraviolet that plasma exciatiaon goes out a large amount of free active group, high-voltage electric field excites a large amount of active oxygen, plasma discharge processes produces and energetic free radical group, these very easily with protein in bacterium, mould, gemma and virus and nucleic acid substances generation oxidizing reaction and sex change, thus make all kinds of microbial death; The high-velocity particles breakdown effects that plasma generator produces, electron microscopic observation is passed through after sterilizing experiment, microorganism after action of plasma and virion image, all present riddled with gaping wounds shape, and this is caused by the etching of the electronics and ion generation with kinetic energy and punch-through effect; With ultraviolet high energy ultraviolet photon (3.3 ~ 3.6eV) absorb by protein in microorganism or virus, cause its molecule degeneration inactivation.
A large amount of ozone O3 can be produced, with H under the acting in conjunction of cavitation erosion plasma body
2o
2mechanism is as follows:
O
3+H
2O
2=2O
2+H
2O
The final product that reaction terminates is oxygen G&W, can not produce any secondary pollution.
The present invention adopts cavitation erosion environment plasma discharge, and produce water and produce process unusual effect, Main Function mechanism has:
The high energy electron irradiation of cavitation erosion environment, due to process unstable, the violent change changed in randomness among a small circle and cavitation erosion process of cavitating of cavitation erosion, be easier to high-energy electron and elastic collision occurs water molecules (atom), easier is can in ground state molecule by Conversion of energy, more simple plasma mode more easily excites, a series of process such as dissociation and ionization, makes water (or sewage) be in active state.
Plasma body under cavitation condition, due to unstable, violent change and the randomness of cavitation erosion, more easily open the chemical molecular key of the molecular linkage of sewage, particularly objectionable impurities, generate some simple substance atom or monoatomic molecule, serve the degradation effect of toxic substance.
The cavity of cavitation erosion is under plasma high electric field environment, very easily generate a large amount of free oxygens, free radical and ozone class active group, a large amount of active particles can produce electrochemical reaction with water body (or sewage), owing to cavitating process in rapid succession, can the macromolecule contaminant of the complexity in sewage be changed into simple small molecules safe material, the hazardous and noxious substances in sewage is made to be transformed into simple small molecules safe material, or low toxicity material, this respect strengthens the innoxious effect of water (sewage).
Containing a certain amount of oxygen in the bubble cavitated in water body, under the energy field of cavitation erosion collapse and the acting in conjunction of energy of plasma field, a large amount of ozone can be produced, ozone is meeting continuous action for some time in water, along with the postponement of time, can slowly decompose, the speed of decomposing is relevant with the temperature of water body, the speed of temperature more high de-agglomeration is faster, and at general environment temperature, decomposition course is comparatively slow.Be easy to when ozone is in water produce oxidizing reaction, and oxidising process is rapid, directly some organic substance decomposings is produced HO
-.Due to the redox potential of free radical low (2.8V), the organic molecule of the high electric cloud density of its as easy as rolling off a log attack, forms oxidizable intermediate product.Organic oxidising process like this, also promotes the treatment effect of water (sewage).
In cavitation erosion environment, plasma generation free radical is also easily added in organic molecule carbon double bond, slough a hydrogen on organic molecule, form R radical structure, R free radical is can be oxidized to ROO radical structure further by the dissolved oxygen in water, there is a series of reaction with the pollutent in sewage in ROO free radical, makes pollutent further be oxidized Sum decomposition again.The superposition of these processes, defines more complicated effect.Macroscopically showing as the decomposition to the pollutent in sewage and sewage, decolouring, deodorizing, sterilizing, algae removal, scale inhibition, inactivation of viruses, Decomposition is being played to phenols, cyanogen class, benzene class.BOD and COD in water body can be reduced more significantly, to washing composition remaining in water and organochlorine pesticide degradation effect more quick thoroughly.
Plasma body degradation of organic substances in cavitation erosion environment, final product is CO
2and H
2o
2; When pollutent is inorganics, the result of final oxidation is the oxide compound being not dissolved in water, easily removes when later purification process.
In cavitation erosion environment, the ultraviolet of the more simple plasma state of ultraviolet of plasma generation has different effects, ultraviolet in cavitation erosion environment, because bubble causes the reflection of ultraviolet refraction, diffusion and walls, the scope of irradiating is more broad, intensity is more even, make sterilizing more thorough, be conducive to eliminating sterilizing dead band.In addition, the bubble in cavitation erosion process is produced and is expanded, and uviolize before collapse, ultraviolet equally can by the O in bubble
2inspire a large amount of O
3, create the innoxious effect of plyability.
The innoxious experimental result of plasma body in cavitation erosion environment is shown, the organism such as polychlorobiphenyl, Perchlorobenzene, trichloromethane, Pentachlorophenol, Malathion, Propoxur, DDT and agricultural chemicals all can be decomposed rapidly; Process the dyeing and printing sewage that biochemical process cannot process, result proves: quickly and effectively the naphthalene nucleus in dyestuff can be resolved into small molecule structure, decolorizing effect is remarkable.Its effect and speed far exceed the effect of simple plasma body to sewage disposal.
The action of plasma of the present invention under cavitation erosion environment, in water body (sewage), changes simple action of plasma greatly in the factor such as electrochemistry interaction of the flowing dynamics condition of water body, mechanical impact force, liquid.Its mechanism of action has following several respects:
Occur that cavitation erosion microburst superposes with plasma body electromagnetic field shockwave, bubble formation under plasma conditions, grow and crumble and fall more rapid strong, the kinetic energy that potential energy stored in bubble is transformed into smaller size smaller inner fluid is more powerful, makes to form the significant shockwave of fluid in fluid.
Occurred microjet phenomenon under making plasmoid, this is that simple plasma state is difficult to occur.Produce a large amount of bubbles due to the reduction of pressure in water body, bubble in the asymmetry of overcurrent flow velocity and ununiformity, lower wall arm of angle circle asymmetry on bubble, when crumbling and fall, the speed that the crumbles and fall difference of the upper lower wall surface of bubble.Walls away from wall will vanish earlier, so form the microjet to wall.This microjet is within the extremely short time, and the stress produced is equivalent to " water hammer " effect, and this is more conducive to the diffusion of the transmission of energy of plasma.
There is superposition in the heat effect of cavitation erosion and plasma body, produce very high temperature when bubble is crumbled and fall, under the effect of plasma body high-voltage electric field, its heat effect obtains enhancing, with going out obvious luminescence phenomenon during test.
Cavitation erosion and plasma body all have strong chemical reaction process to water body, when bubble is compressed in high pressure area, release heat, simultaneously, because water hammer pressure also can produce localized hyperthermia to material surface impact, under this high speed and High Pressure, accelerate the process of oxidizing reaction.When bubble is crumbled and fall under Plasma Interaction, more repeatedly producing and disappearing appears in oxide film, exacerbates cavitation erosion fast further.When carrying out cavitation erosion pilot plasma in clear water, by the strong expression of electrochemical reaction process, can be observed to occur rainbow zoning.
The high-voltage electromagnetic field of plasma body acts on cavitation erosion process, the localized hyperthermia of bubble is in highfield, cause spark discharge phenomenon, and this electric discharge is can produce more bubble, the solids (as the particulate matter in sewage, strip, bulk or flap) that bubble runs in water body forms electrochemistry galvanic couple battery, and this phenomenon strengthens the local mechanical destruction to solids.Due under condition of plasma, bubble formed violent mechanical function of crumbling and fall makes the continuous continuous print of solids surface film in sewage impaired, expose fresh solid state surface to continue to be subject to mechanical failure and electrocorrosion effect, simultaneously, the formation of hot spot causes stress raisers, more easily strengthens bubble and crumbles and fall to the local mechanical destruction of solids in sewage.
Vibration & noise can be produced when cavitation erosion and plasma operation.When plasma electrode vibration, bubble are crumbled and fall, liquid particle clashes into mutually, also produces the noise of various frequency, obviously has the explosive sound of " pipa " of water inlet section of water pump, observe the synchronous vibration of Venturi tube simultaneously during experiment.Vibration exacerbates the mutual collision of water body internal solid thing and the homogeneity of fluidised form, is of value to the treatment effect of disposing of sewage.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention also includes other embodiments, the technical scheme that all employing equivalents or equivalent substitute mode are formed, within the protection domain that all should fall into the claims in the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a cavitation erosion plasma body water treatment device, it is characterized in that: it comprises Venturi tube, described Venturi tube comprises entrance (1), contraction section (2), mouthpiece's section (3) and expansion section (4), is provided with plasma generator (5) in described expansion section (4).
2. a cavitation erosion plasma water treatment method, it is characterized in that: water body enters entrance (1) by the entrance (6) of Venturi tube, take advantage of a situation again and enter contraction section (2), enter mouthpiece's section (3) again, flow to expansion section (4), in expansion section (4), there is plasma generator (5) to have an effect to the cavity in water body and water body, produce water treatment efficiency, in expansion section (4) by plasma generator (5) to water body process after, by outlet (7) by process after water body flow out.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510940723.4A CN105461006A (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Cavitation plasma water treatment device and method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510940723.4A CN105461006A (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2015-12-16 | Cavitation plasma water treatment device and method |
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| CN105461006A true CN105461006A (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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ID=55599233
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107673445A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of literary formula trunnion discharge plasma processing waste water |
| CN110235528A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-09-13 | 日本斯频德制造株式会社 | Liquid plasma device |
| CN111465160A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-28 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Plasma jet generating device and system |
| CZ308532B6 (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-29 | Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně | Apparatus for purifying liquids and a method for purifying liquids using this apparatus |
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| CN203558900U (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-04-23 | 廖明勇 | Plasma-cooperated hydrodynamic cavitation reaction device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110235528A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-09-13 | 日本斯频德制造株式会社 | Liquid plasma device |
| KR20190111049A (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-10-01 | 니혼 스핀들 세이조 가부시키가이샤 | Submerged Plasma Apparatus |
| JPWO2018143458A1 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2019-11-21 | 日本スピンドル製造株式会社 | In-liquid plasma equipment |
| EP3579666A4 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2020-01-22 | Nihon Spindle Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | In-liquid plasma device |
| CN110235528B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2021-09-14 | 日本斯频德制造株式会社 | Plasma device in liquid |
| US11124434B2 (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2021-09-21 | Nihon Spindle Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | In-liquid plasma device |
| KR102517594B1 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2023-04-03 | 니혼 스핀들 세이조 가부시키가이샤 | Submerged Plasma Device |
| CN107673445A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-09 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of literary formula trunnion discharge plasma processing waste water |
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| CZ308532B6 (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-29 | Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně | Apparatus for purifying liquids and a method for purifying liquids using this apparatus |
| CN111465160A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-28 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Plasma jet generating device and system |
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