CN105459236A - Fireproof wood or laminated wood and manufacturing method for fireproof wood or laminated wood - Google Patents
Fireproof wood or laminated wood and manufacturing method for fireproof wood or laminated wood Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses fireproof wood or laminated wood. The fireproof wood or the laminated wood comprises a wood body or a laminated wood body and flame retardant ZR-AP. The absolute dry mass ratio of the wood body or the laminated wood body to the flame retardant ZR-AP is 100:5-80. The fireproof wood or the laminated wood has the advantages that the carbonation speed is less than 0.5 mm/min, the physical and mechanical properties meet the standards of structural wood, and the combustion property and the smoke toxicity meet the standards of GB8624-2012 grade-A building materials. The invention further discloses a manufacturing method for the fireproof wood or the laminated wood. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps that the flame retardant ZR-AP is prepared, ; the wood body or the laminated wood body is immersed in a flame retardant water solution of the flame retardant ZR-AP, and the flame retardant water solution is heated to make the flame retardant ZR-AP to be further poly-condensed and react with the main component of the wood body, and accordingly the flame retardant effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of timber or integrated timber, relate more specifically to a kind ofly to flood through fire retardant ZR-AP, fireproof wood after heat treatment or integrated timber and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Timber is one of the fuel and raw material that the mankind depend on for existence.China's timber yield in 2010 8089 ten thousand m
3, imported log and sawn timber 4,455 ten thousand m
3, wood-based plate output 1.536 hundred million m
3, be mainly used in the field such as building structure and decorations, Furniture manufacturing, timber floor production, vehicle and boats and ships finishing.Timber is also important fuel since ancient times, has higher combustion heat value, lower catching fire temperature and flame propagation velocity faster, belongs to combustible material.
Fire is one of major casualty threatening human life and property safety.For the disaster hidden-trouble that fire preventing, minimizing architectural decorative and fitting materials bring, country has revised " fire service law ", has issued and implemented the standard such as detection method of mandatory national standards GB50222 " code for fire prevention design of interior decoration of buildings ", GB50045 " Code for fire protection design of high rise buildings ", GB50016 " Code for fire protection design of buildings ", GB12955 " fire resistant doorsets ", GB20286 " public place fire-retardant product and assembly combustibility require and mark " and correspondence thereof.The enforcement of relevant laws and regulations, codes and standards, serves positive role to fire preventing, minimizing fire damage.According to the regulation of the regulation such as " fire service law " and " code for fire prevention design of interior decoration of buildings ", building structure must adopt fire prevention and nonflammable material, the inside fitting active adoption fire line material of civil buildings and industrial premises and flame retardant material, avoid adopting the material producing a large amount of dense smoke or toxic gas when burning as far as possible.
As important building structure and ornament materials, timber and the lower catching fire temperature of goods thereof, higher caloric value and faster flame propagation velocity there is very large fire hazard." Code for fire protection design of buildings ", " code for fire prevention design of interior decoration of buildings ", " Code for design of timber structures ", " norm of residential housing ", " code for construction and acceptance of timber structure engineering ", " the fire prevention construction of building interior finishing and acceptance specification " and the specification such as " fire resistant doorsets " are given for the timber of building structure and decoration and goods must carry out the requirement that flame treatment reaches A level fire proofing material or B1 level flame retardancy, and the carbonization speed that burns is less than 0.8mm/min.
CN1651202 discloses a kind of Wood material wood product fire retardant and processing method thereof, use ammonium class phosphate 55 ~ 65%, boron compound 5 ~ 15%, Quadrafos 5 ~ 15%, phosphate 15 ~ 25%, ammonium class phosphate and boron compound add thermal response, Quadrafos and phosphate and add thermal response, impregnation process timber after mixing, combustibility reaches B1 level.CN1075673 discloses a kind of wood fire retardant and preparation method of flame-retarded wood materials, APP, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphorus trichloride, three toraks, colloidal antimony, tetrabromobisphenol A and sodium metasilicate are mixed and adds water-soluble being combined together again, fire retardant is become after rear temperature-pressure process, again timber is put into dipping, soak into heat drying after taking out and be fire retarding wood, oxygen index (OI) reaches more than 50.CN1899780 discloses a kind of wood fire retardant, and formula adds complexing agent by large metal ion and hydrogen ion to form, and large metal ion and hydrogen ion are 6 ~ 8: 1 ~ 3, and the oxygen of the fire retarding wood that this wood fire retardant obtains refers to reach 80.CN1126234 discloses a kind of wood fire retardant and preparation method thereof, this fire retardant contains by the ammonium polyphosphate modifying of urea, phosphoric acid, borax, formaldehyde synthesis and aluminium salt etc., be added to by fire retardant in wood shavings and can obtain nonflammable material, the fire-resistant-chipboard limited oxygen index obtained can reach more than 33.
Use the fire retarding wood that existing fire retardant is produced, combustibility meets GB8624-2012B1 level regulation, is nonflammable material, can not be applied to the occasion that building element and material combustion performance requirement are A level.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of fireproof wood or integrated timber: this timber or integrated timber have that carbonization speed is less than 0.5mm/min, physical and mechanical property meets structural lumber regulation, combustibility and flue gas toxity and meets the features such as GB8624-2012A level construction material regulation.
Second technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide the manufacture method of a kind of fireproof wood or integrated timber.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, a kind of fireproof wood of the present invention or integrated timber, comprising:
Timber or integrated timber,
With fire retardant ZR-AP;
The absolute dry mass ratio of described timber or Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 5 ~ 80.
Further, preferably, the absolute dry mass ratio of described timber or Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 15 ~ 40.When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods or integrated timber, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is less than 15 parts, because the addition of fire retardant ZR-AP is not enough, the combustibility of fireproof wood or integrated timber only can reach flame retardancy (B1 level) material that GB8624 specify or combustible material (D level) specifies; When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods or integrated timber, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is greater than 15 parts, along with the addition of fire retardant ZR-AP increases, the fire resistance of fireproof wood or integrated timber increases, and meets incombustible material (A level) regulation when reaching 40 parts completely; When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods or integrated timber, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is greater than 80 parts, the intensity of product and processing characteristics reduce.
Further, described fire retardant ZR-AP is made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 5 ~ 300min at 85 ~ 200 DEG C, is cooled to less than 90 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 25 ~ 90 DEG C, react 5 ~ 120min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP.The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 5 ~ 260 ︰ 0.5 ~ 150.
The method that this fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the aqueous solution makes water-fast aluminium hydroxide and aluminium oxide become water-soluble salt.
Preferably, described fire retardant ZR-AP is made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 10 ~ 60min at 95 ~ 135 DEG C, is cooled to less than 60 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 30 ~ 60 DEG C, react 20 ~ 60min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP; The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 15 ~ 70 ︰ 2 ~ 50.Wherein, for every 100 part of first raw material, the quality of the second raw material is the quality of the 15 ~ 70, three raw material when being 2 ~ 50, the condition of synthesis fire retardant ZR-AP easily controls, the fireproof wood using this fire retardant to produce or the fire resistance of integrated timber and physicochemical property the best.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the manufacture method of fireproof wood of the present invention or integrated timber, comprises the steps:
1) fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the fire retardant aqueous solution of 5.0wt% ~ 80.0wt%.The concentration of fire retardant depends on the permeability for liquids of timber, moisture content and immersion condition.For the timber that the liquid such as poplar, birch easily permeates, adopt the fire retardant that concentration is lower.Along with the raising of moisture content, the corresponding concentration improving fire retardant.Adopt the concentration improving fire retardant during normal pressure impregnation process, adopt when negative pressure or impregnating by pressure process and can adopt lower flame retardant concentration;
2) timber or integrated timber are put into dipping tank or pressure pan, implantation step 1) the fire retardant aqueous solution that obtains, impregnation process under normal pressure or pressurized state, dip time is determined with the over dry fire retardant ZR-AP absorbed in timber or integrated timber;
3) by step 2) timber after impregnation process or integrated timber heat 0.2h ~ 500h at 80 ~ 230 DEG C.
Fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the aqueous solution, timber or integrated timber are put into dipping tank or pressure pan, inject the fire retardant aqueous solution, under normal pressure or pressurized state, carry out impregnation process, make fire retardant ZR-AP enter into lumen and the cell membrane of timber; Wooden veneer after using the process of the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution is heated, water-soluble phosphate is polymerized further, becomes water-fast phosphate, be fixed in wood cell wall and lumen.
Further, described step 1) in fire retardant ZR-AP be made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 5 ~ 300min at 85 ~ 200 DEG C, is cooled to less than 90 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 25 ~ 90 DEG C, react 5 ~ 120min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP; The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 5 ~ 260 ︰ 0.5 ~ 150.
Preferably, described step 1) in fire retardant ZR-AP be made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 10 ~ 60min at 95 ~ 135 DEG C, is cooled to less than 60 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 30 ~ 60 DEG C, react 20 ~ 60min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP; The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 15 ~ 70 ︰ 2 ~ 50.
Further, described step 1) in fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the fire retardant aqueous solution of 15.0wt% ~ 40.0wt%.When the concentration of the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution is lower than 15.0wt%, in order to reach fire retardant addition required in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods, must significantly extends the impregnation process time, even adopting impregnation process-drying cycles technique, reduce production efficiency; When the concentration of the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution is greater than 40.0wt%, in order to maintain the stability of the fire retardant aqueous solution, suitably should improve the temperature of the fire retardant aqueous solution, when reaching the fire retardant addition specified in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods, shorten the impregnation process time, fire retardant skewness can be made.
Further, described step 2) middle timber is through super-dry, and moisture content is less than 25.0wt%, is preferably 8.0wt% ~ 25.0wt%.Wherein, absolute dry mass × 100% of the quality/timber of water in moisture content=timber.When moisture content is lower than 8.0wt%, desiccated wood needs to consume more heat energy, and causes the reduction of strength of wood; When the moisture content of timber is 8.0wt% ~ 25.0wt%, do not have Free water in wood cell wall, retardant solution easily penetrates in timber, is convenient to carry out flame treatment; When the moisture content of timber is greater than 25.0wt%, the Free water in wood cell chamber can affect the uptake of fire retardant, in order to ensure to absorb enough fire retardants in timber, and the measure must take to improve flame retardant concentration, adopting impregnating by pressure.
Further, described step 2) in the absolute dry mass ratio of timber or Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP be 100 ︰ 5 ~ 80, be preferably 100 ︰ 15 ~ 40.When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is less than 15 parts, because the addition of fire retardant ZR-AP is not enough, the combustibility of fireproof wood or integrated timber only can reach flame retardancy (B1 level) material that GB8624 specify or combustible material (D level) specifies; When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is greater than 15 parts, along with the addition of fire retardant ZR-AP increases, the fire resistance of fireproof wood or integrated timber increases, and meets incombustible material (A level) regulation when reaching 40 parts completely; When in every 100 parts of ovendriedwoods, the absolute dry mass of fire retardant ZR-AP is greater than 80 parts, the intensity of product and processing characteristics reduce.
Further, described step 2) under normal pressure or pressurized state impregnation process, dip time is 0.5h ~ 300h; Be preferably 1.0h ~ 150h.Dip time is less than 0.5 hour, fire retardant skewness in wood, and the flame retardant agent content on top layer is high, and the flame retardant agent content of core is low; The impregnation process time is greater than 300 hours, and production efficiency reduces, and can cause adverse effect to the intensity of timber.
Further, described step 3) in by step 2) timber after impregnation process or integrated timber heat 1.0h ~ 120.0h at 110 ~ 150 DEG C, fire retardant ZR-AP is polymerized further, becomes water-fast large molecule and be fixed in wood cell chamber and cell membrane.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, fire retardant ZR-AP is made into the aqueous solution by manufacture method of the present invention, timber or integrated timber are put into dipping tank or pressure pan, inject the fire retardant aqueous solution, under normal pressure or pressurized state, carry out impregnation process, make fire retardant ZR-AP enter into lumen and the cell membrane of timber; Wooden veneer after using the process of the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution is heated, water-soluble phosphate is polymerized further, becomes water-fast phosphate, be fixed in wood cell wall and lumen; Fire retardant ZR-AP and timber principal component generation chemical reaction simultaneously, reduces the radical amount that can discharge a large amount of heat energy when burning in timber.
2, fireproof wood provided by the invention or integrated timber, carbonization speed is less than 0.5mm/min, physical and mechanical property meets structural lumber regulation, combustibility and flue gas toxity and meets GB8624-2012A level construction material regulation.
The aspects such as 3, fireproof wood provided by the invention or integrated timber can be widely used in building interior decoration, fire-retardant Furniture manufacturing, building structure, the production of fire-proof wooden door, antiflaming floor are produced, boats and ships and vehicle interior decoration, have good economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, the present invention is described further.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
Embodiment 1
A manufacture method for fireproof wood, comprises the steps:
1) add the phosphoric acid 800 parts that content is 85% in a kettle., be heated to 140 DEG C ~ 145 DEG C; Add alumina powder 102 parts while stirring, keep reaction 10min; Reactant liquor is cooled to 95 DEG C, adds 4284 parts, water; Add the sodium hydroxide solution 68 parts that content is 50% while stirring, continue stirring reaction 10min; Obtain the aqueous solution 5070 parts of fire retardant ZR-AP;
The mass ratio of Lin Suan ︰ Yangization Lv ︰ NaOH is 100 ︰ 15 ︰ 5;
In the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution, the content of fire retardant ZR-AP is 15.0wt%;
2) the Southern Pine timber that be 30mm by thickness, width is 200mm, length is 4000mm, moisture content is 15.0% to be deposited on load wagon and to fix; The go-cart that timber is housed pushed in pressure pan, close tank door, be evacuated to-0.08MPa and keep 30min; Rely on vacuum to import in pressure pan by retardant solution, be forced into 1.2MPa and keep 4h; Fire retardant is discharged in release, is again evacuated to-0.08MPa and keeps 15min; Release, opens and closes the door, and takes out timber;
Lumber quality for the 1 piece of 4000mm × 200mm × 30mm measuring fire retardant uptake is 10.8kg, and the quality after impregnation process is 22.7kg; Timber: the absolute dry mass ratio of fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 17.0;
3) by the timber natural air drying that uses after fire retardant ZR-AP process 7 days; Stacking, puts into Wood carbonization kiln, is warming up to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and keeps 72h; Be warming up to 95 DEG C ~ 98 DEG C and keep 24h; Be warming up to 110 DEG C ~ 115 DEG C further, keep 24h to obtain fireproof wood;
4) temperature of carbonization kiln is reduced to less than 50 DEG C, opens wicket, take out fireproof wood.
5) performance test results:
(1) combustibility: detect according to ISO5660-1 ︰ 2002 " Reaction to fire test, Thermal release, smoke-producing amount and mass loss rate Part I: HRR (cone calorimetry) ".
According to the grade scale of Japan, the classification system for fire performance of material is as follows:
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.27mm/min.
Embodiment 2
A manufacture method for fireproof wood, comprises the steps:
1) add in a kettle. content be 85% phosphoric acid 332.5 parts, 167.5 parts, water, stir while add aluminium-hydroxide powder 150 parts; Continue to stir 15min ~ 20min, make reactant liquor be warming up to 120 DEG C ~ 125 DEG C with the programming rate of 2.0 DEG C/min, keep 30min; Reactant liquor is cooled to 95 DEG C, adds 600 parts, water; Add the sodium silicate solution 72 parts that content is 30% while stirring, continue stirring reaction 20min; Obtain the aqueous solution 1000 parts of fire retardant ZR-AP;
The mass ratio of Lin Suan ︰ Qing Yangization Lv ︰ sodium metasilicate is 100.0 ︰ 53.0 ︰ 7.6;
In the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution, the content of fire retardant ZR-AP is 35.0wt%;
2) the 12.0% carbonization pinus sylvestris var. mongolica timber that be 50mm by thickness, width is 180mm, length is 4000mm, moisture content is to be deposited on load wagon and to fix; The go-cart that timber is housed pushed in pressure pan, close tank door, be evacuated to-0.08MPa and keep 30min; Rely on vacuum to import in pressure pan by retardant solution, be forced into 1.2MPa and keep 24h; Fire retardant is discharged in release, is again evacuated to-0.08MPa and keeps 20min; Release, opens and closes the door, and takes out timber;
Lumber quality for the 1 piece of 4000mm × 180mm × 50mm measuring fire retardant uptake is 16.7kg, and the quality after impregnation process is 46.8kg; The absolute dry mass ratio of Mu Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 63.0;
3) by the timber natural air drying that uses after fire retardant ZR-AP process 15 days; Stacking, puts into Wood carbonization kiln, is warming up to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and keeps 120h; Be warming up to 95 DEG C ~ 98 DEG C and keep 48h; Be warming up to 110 DEG C ~ 115 DEG C further, keep 48h to obtain fireproof wood;
4) temperature of carbonization kiln is reduced to less than 50 DEG C, opens wicket, take out fireproof wood.
5) performance test results:
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 0.3MJ/m
2; Be not through to the crackle at back, hole; HRR peak value 7.2kW/m
2, conclusion is incombustible material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.21mm/min.
Embodiment 3
To prevent fires the manufacture method of integrated timber, comprise the steps:
1) add in a kettle. content be 85% phosphoric acid 514 parts, 186 parts, water, stir add aluminium-hydroxide powder 70 parts, alumina powder 30 parts simultaneously; Continue to stir 15min ~ 20min, make reactant liquor be warming up to 120 DEG C ~ 125 DEG C with the programming rate of 2.0 DEG C/min, keep 65min; Reactant liquor is cooled to less than 90 DEG C, adds 1500 parts, water; Add the potassium hydroxide solution 30 parts that content is 40% while stirring, continue stirring reaction 20min; Obtain the aqueous solution 2000 parts of fire retardant ZR-AP;
(mass ratio of aluminium hydroxide+aluminium oxide) ︰ potassium hydroxide is 100.0 ︰ 22.9 ︰ 2.7 to Lin Suan ︰;
In the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution, the content of fire retardant ZR-AP is 24.0wt%;
2) cunninghamia lanceolata integrated material that be 18mm by thickness, width is 1220mm, length is 2440mm, moisture content is 10.0% to be deposited on load wagon and to fix; The go-cart that integrated timber is housed pushed in pressure pan, close tank door, be evacuated to-0.08MPa and keep 30min; Rely on vacuum to import in pressure pan by retardant solution, be forced into 1.0MPa and keep 5h; Fire retardant is discharged in release, is again evacuated to-0.08MPa and keeps 20min; Release, opens and closes the door, and takes out integrated timber;
Quality for the 1 piece of 2440mm × 1220mm × 18mm integrated timber measuring fire retardant uptake is 25.5kg, and the quality after impregnation process is 53.1kg; The absolute dry mass ratio of Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 26.0;
3) by the integrated timber natural air drying that uses after fire retardant ZR-AP process 5 days; Stacking, puts into Wood carbonization kiln, is warming up to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and keeps 48h; Be warming up to 95 DEG C ~ 98 DEG C and keep 12h; Be warming up to 110 DEG C ~ 115 DEG C further, keep 6h to obtain integrated timber of preventing fires;
4) temperature of carbonization kiln is reduced to less than 50 DEG C, opens wicket, take out fire prevention integrated timber.
5) performance test results:
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 1.9MJ/m
2; Be not through to the crackle at back, hole; HRR peak value 18.0kW/m
2, conclusion is incombustible material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.27mm/min.
Comparative example 1
Adopt the fire-retardant FRW technique of embodiment 1, in the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution, the content of fire retardant ZR-AP is 12.0wt%;
Southern Pine timber after impregnation process: the absolute dry mass ratio of fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 10.0;
Fireproof wood heat drying technique after impregnation process is identical with embodiment 1.
Performance test results:
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 12.7MJ/m
2; Be not through to the crackle at back, hole; HRR peak value 137.0kW/m
2, the difficult combustion of conclusion (B1) level material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.63mm/min.
Comparative example 2
Adopt FRW fire retardant (guanylurea phosphate of 75wt%, the boric acid of 25wt%), in the fire retardant aqueous solution, the content of flame-retardant direction is 15.0wt%;
Southern Pine timber after impregnation process: the absolute dry mass ratio of flame-retardant direction is 100 ︰ 16.0;
It is 15wt% that fire retarding wood after impregnation process is dried to moisture content under field conditions (factors).
Performance test results:
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 9.6MJ/m
2; Be not through to the crackle at back, hole; HRR peak value 117.0kW/m
2, the difficult combustion of conclusion (B1) level material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.57mm/min.
Comparative example 3
A manufacture method for fireproof wood, comprises the steps:
1) add in a kettle. content be 85% phosphoric acid 500 parts, stir while add aluminium-hydroxide powder 50 parts; Continue to stir 15min ~ 20min, make reactant liquor be warming up to 120 DEG C ~ 125 DEG C with the programming rate of 2.0 DEG C/min, keep 30min; Reactant liquor is cooled to 95 DEG C; Add the sodium hydroxide solution 300 parts that content is 40% while stirring, continue stirring reaction 20min; Obtain the aqueous solution 850 parts of fire retardant ZR-AP;
The mass ratio of Lin Suan ︰ Qing Yangization Lv ︰ NaOH is 100.0 ︰ 10.0 ︰ 24.0;
In the fire retardant ZR-AP aqueous solution, the content of fire retardant ZR-AP is 68.0wt%;
2) the carbonization pinus sylvestris var. mongolica timber that be 50mm by thickness, width is 180mm, length is 4000mm, moisture content is 30.0% to be deposited on load wagon and to fix; The go-cart that timber is housed pushed in pressure pan, close tank door, be evacuated to-0.08MPa and keep 30min; Rely on vacuum to import in pressure pan by retardant solution, be forced into 1.2MPa and keep 24h; Fire retardant is discharged in release, is again evacuated to-0.08MPa and keeps 20min; Release, opens and closes the door, and takes out timber;
Lumber quality for the 1 piece of 4000mm × 180mm × 50mm measuring fire retardant uptake is 19.7kg, and the quality after impregnation process is 37.0kg; The absolute dry mass ratio of Mu Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 85.3;
3) by the timber natural air drying that uses after fire retardant ZR-AP process 15 days; Stacking, puts into Wood carbonization kiln, is warming up to 75 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C and keeps 120h; Be warming up to 95 DEG C ~ 98 DEG C and keep 48h; Be warming up to 110 DEG C ~ 115 DEG C further, keep 48h to obtain fireproof wood;
4) temperature of carbonization kiln is reduced to less than 50 DEG C, opens wicket, take out fireproof wood, fireproof wood surface adularescent fire retardant deposit, more difficult processing.
5) performance test results:
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 0.5MJ/m
2; Be not through to the crackle at back, hole; HRR peak value 11.7kW/m
2, conclusion is incombustible material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 0.29mm/min.
Comparative example 4
The Southern Pine timber that thickness is 30mm, width is 200mm, length is 4000mm, moisture content is 15.0%, without fire retardant process.
(1) combustibility: gross calorific power 48.0MJ/m
2; 3.0min burning runs through back; HRR peak value 520.0kW/m
2, conclusion is combustible material.
(2) carbonization speed: standard-required≤0.80mm/min; Measured result 1.27mm/min.
Compared by product that the embodiment of the present invention is obtained and comparative example 1,2,3 and 4, can draw the following conclusions: the fireproof wood adopting the present invention to produce or integrated timber, its combustibility can reach the regulation of GB8624 incombustible material (A level material), and the combustibility of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 be nonflammable material combustible material, comparative example 4 is combustible material, comparative example 3 for incombustible material but wood surface has fire retardant deposit, more difficult processing.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. fireproof wood or an integrated timber, is characterized in that, comprising:
Timber or integrated timber, and
Fire retardant ZR-AP;
The absolute dry mass ratio of described timber or Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 5 ~ 80.
2. fireproof wood or integrated timber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the absolute dry mass ratio of described timber or Ji Cheng Cai ︰ fire retardant ZR-AP is 100 ︰ 15 ~ 40.
3. fireproof wood or integrated timber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fire retardant ZR-AP is made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 5 ~ 300min at 85 ~ 200 DEG C, is cooled to less than 90 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 25 ~ 90 DEG C, react 5 ~ 120min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP; The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 5 ~ 260 ︰ 0.5 ~ 150.
4. fireproof wood or integrated timber according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described fire retardant ZR-AP is made up of the first raw material, the second raw material and the 3rd raw material; Described first raw material is phosphoric acid; Described second raw material is selected from aluminium hydroxide or/and aluminium oxide; Described 3rd raw material be selected from NaOH, potassium hydroxide, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate and sodium phosphate one or more; Preparation method is: the first raw material and the second raw material are reacted 10 ~ 60min at 95 ~ 135 DEG C, is cooled to less than 60 DEG C; Add the 3rd raw material, at 30 ~ 60 DEG C, react 20 ~ 60min, obtained fire retardant ZR-AP; The mass ratio of a described former material ︰ the 2nd former material ︰ the 3rd raw material is 100 ︰ 15 ~ 70 ︰ 2 ~ 50.
5. the manufacture method of fireproof wood or integrated timber as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the fire retardant aqueous solution of 5.0wt% ~ 80.0wt%;
2) timber or integrated timber are put into dipping tank or pressure pan, implantation step 1) the fire retardant aqueous solution that obtains, impregnation process 0.5h ~ 300h under normal pressure or pressurized state;
3) by step 2) timber after impregnation process or integrated timber heat 0.2h ~ 500h at 80 ~ 230 DEG C.
6. the manufacture method of fireproof wood or integrated timber according to claim 5, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) fire retardant ZR-AP is mixed with the fire retardant aqueous solution of 15.0wt% ~ 40.0wt%;
2) timber or integrated timber are put into dipping tank or pressure pan, implantation step 1) the fire retardant aqueous solution that obtains, impregnation process 1.0h ~ 150h under normal pressure or pressurized state;
3) by step 2) timber after impregnation process or integrated timber heat 1.0h ~ 120.0h at 110 ~ 150 DEG C.
7. fireproof wood or integrated timber according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: described step 2) middle timber is through super-dry, and moisture content is 8.0wt% ~ 25.0wt%.
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| CN107127847A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-05 | 广西钦州胜腾商务有限公司 | A kind of fireproof treatment method of timber |
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| CN109397438A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-03-01 | 四川承美科技有限责任公司 | A kind of fire-retardant bamboo wood and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115256569A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-01 | 南京林业大学 | Wear-resistant fireproof laminated wood and preparation method thereof |
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