CN105457596A - 一种吸附废水中罗丹明b的多孔碳的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种吸附废水中罗丹明b的多孔碳的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105457596A
CN105457596A CN201510815264.7A CN201510815264A CN105457596A CN 105457596 A CN105457596 A CN 105457596A CN 201510815264 A CN201510815264 A CN 201510815264A CN 105457596 A CN105457596 A CN 105457596A
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porous carbon
rhodamine
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maize straw
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王丽丽
逯文启
杨坤龙
廖港
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Tianjin Polytechnic University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于吸附染料废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的制备方法。具体涉及一种以玉米秸秆为原料，在一定条件下进行活化处理，制备一种高效吸附废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳材料的方法。本发明包括具体步骤如下：首先将玉米秸秆烘干、粉碎，粉碎后的秸秆与活化试剂按一定质量比充分混合，在一定条件下活化处理后，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。制备的多孔碳材料具有高效吸附罗丹明B的性能。本方法工艺简单，吸附效果好，具有一定应用价值。

Description

一种吸附废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸附废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的制备方法，具体涉及一种利用玉米秸秆为原料，一定条件下活化处理制备多孔碳，以此多孔碳为吸附剂去除染料废水中罗丹明B的新方法。
背景技术
染料是一种重要的化工产品，它具有广泛的应用，但是染料废水的排放会对环境造成巨大污染。低浓度染料也会产生很浓的颜色，对人们的健康不利。此外，由于染料减少了阳光在水中的传输，因此，它还影响水生植物的生长。大多数投入使用的染料对光降解、生物降解和氧化作用很稳定。人们常利用一些物理和化学过程来处理废水。目前处理染料废水的方法主要有：臭氧处理法、光降解法、混凝/絮凝处理法、生物处理法、膜过滤法和吸附法等。与吸附法相比，其他方法通常价格昂贵，而且不能有效的处理废水，吸附法具有效率高、成本低、操作简单并对有毒物质不敏感等优点，因而在处理染料废水中有着广泛的应用。具有吸附性能的碳材料有碳纳米管、多孔碳、有序介孔碳等，而碳纳米管、有序介孔碳价格相对较高，因而采用多孔碳进行废水中染料的吸附是一种切实可行的方法。
专利CN104107726A公开了一种处理亚甲基蓝和罗丹明B染料废水的吸附型光催化剂及其制备方法和应用方法。以稳定廉价的半导体光催化剂二氧化钦为主体，利用层接层的方法将带正电的聚合物和带负电的D-A型多酸通过静电引力及化学键交替连接到二氧化钛表面，形成稳定的复合物。利用此复合物对罗丹明B进行光降解。专利CN104310524A公开了一种罗丹明B和靛蓝有机污染物的降解方法。具体以氯化铜、八水铬铝酸钠和N，N-双(3一吡啶甲酰基)烷烃为原料，采用水热合成法配合物，将双氧水加入含有罗丹明B有机污染物或靛蓝有机污染物的水体中，然后加入合成的配合物作为降解催化剂，对水体进行紫外光或可见光照射进行催化降解。然而以玉米秸秆为原料制备吸附废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳材料还未见报道。因此采用价格相对低廉的生物质作制备具有吸附剂具有重要的意义。
本发明是以玉米秸秆为原料，将其粉碎，在一定条件下进行活化处理，制备一种高效吸附废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳材料，此种材料对于罗丹明B具有较好的吸附性能。
发明内容
本发明提供一种利用玉米秸秆制备吸附染料废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的新方法。
本发明首先将玉米秸秆烘干、粉碎，将粉碎后的玉米秸秆与氢氧化钾按质量比1∶1～4(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在400℃下反应0.5小时，650～800℃下活化反应1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将粉碎后的玉米秸秆与磷酸按质量比1∶2～5(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在400～600℃下活化1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将不同方法制备的一定量的多孔碳在室温下与一定量200～500mg/L的罗丹明B溶液混合，调节pH值为7，吸附时间为30～240分钟的条件下进行吸附测定。
本发明的特征在于：所用活化剂为氢氧化钾和磷酸。
具体实施方式
实施例1：将玉米秸秆烘干、粉碎，将粉碎后的玉米秸秆与氢氧化钾按质量比1∶2(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在400℃下反应0.5小时，750℃下活化反应1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将0.02g多孔碳在室温下与20mL、500mg/L的罗丹明B溶液混合，调节pH值为7，吸附时间为240分钟的条件下进行吸附测定。
实施例2：改变活化温度为800℃，其他条件同实施例1，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为318mg/g。
实施例3：改变玉米秸秆与氢氧化钾按质量比1∶4(Kg/Kg)混合，其他条件同实施例1，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为306mg/g。
实施例4：改变罗丹明B的初始浓度为200mg/L，其他条件同实施例1，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为171mg/g。
实施例5：改变罗丹明B的吸附时间为90分钟，其他条件同实施例1，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为298mg/g。
实施例6：将粉碎后的秸秆与磷酸按质量比1∶3(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在500℃下活化1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将0.02g多孔碳在室温下与20mL、500mg/L的罗丹明B溶液混合，调节pH值为7，吸附时间为240分钟的条件下进行吸附测定，得到罗丹明B的最大吸附量为303mg/g。
实施例7：改变玉米秸秆与磷酸的质量比1∶4(Kg/Kg)混合，其他条件同实施例6，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为273mg/g。
实施例8：改变罗丹明B的初始浓度为300mg/L，其他条件同实施例6，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为237mg/g。
实施例9：改变罗丹明B的吸附时间为120分钟，其他条件同实施例6，制备出的多孔碳对罗丹明B吸附量为253mg/g。

Claims (2)

1.一种吸附染料废水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的制备方法，其具体步骤如下：
本发明首先将玉米秸秆烘干、粉碎，将粉碎后的玉米秸秆与氢氧化钾按质量比1∶1～4(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在400℃下反应0.5小时，650～800℃下活化反应1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将粉碎后的玉米秸秆与磷酸按质量比1∶2～5(Kg/Kg)混合，将其在400～600℃下活化1小时，固体过滤、洗涤、干燥得到多孔碳材料。将不同方法制备的一定量的多孔碳在室温下与一定量200～500mg/L的罗丹明B溶液混合，调节pH值为7，吸附时间为30～240分钟的条件下进行吸附测定。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的一种吸附水中罗丹明B的多孔碳的制备方法，其特征在于：所用活化剂为氢氧化钾或磷酸。
CN201510815264.7A 2015-11-20 2015-11-20 一种吸附废水中罗丹明b的多孔碳的制备方法 Pending CN105457596A (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105944702A (zh) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-21 江苏大学 一种用于四环素类抗生素吸附的多级孔碳材料的制备方法
CN106861624A (zh) * 2017-04-09 2017-06-20 中国科学院大学 一种可吸附废水中有机染料的多孔碳的制备方法
CN109133195A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-04 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种双金属氧化物掺杂生物质多孔碳材料及其制备方法和在染料吸附方面的应用
CN112156756A (zh) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-01 浙江农林大学 一种玉米秸秆炭基纳米吸附剂及其制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105944702A (zh) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-21 江苏大学 一种用于四环素类抗生素吸附的多级孔碳材料的制备方法
CN106861624A (zh) * 2017-04-09 2017-06-20 中国科学院大学 一种可吸附废水中有机染料的多孔碳的制备方法
CN109133195A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2019-01-04 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种双金属氧化物掺杂生物质多孔碳材料及其制备方法和在染料吸附方面的应用
CN112156756A (zh) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-01 浙江农林大学 一种玉米秸秆炭基纳米吸附剂及其制备方法

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Application publication date: 20160406