CN1054505A - Silver-tin contact material and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-tin contact material and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1054505A CN1054505A CN 90101069 CN90101069A CN1054505A CN 1054505 A CN1054505 A CN 1054505A CN 90101069 CN90101069 CN 90101069 CN 90101069 A CN90101069 A CN 90101069A CN 1054505 A CN1054505 A CN 1054505A
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- alloy
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910017980 Ag—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010037211 Psychomotor hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910020830 Sn-Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018728 Sn—Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ag] BSWGGJHLVUUXTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
New Ag-SnO contact material is disclosed, the Ag alloy that this material is made up of Sn that contains 5～20% (weight) and surplus Ag, this alloy prepares by dissolving with interior oxidation.Also disclosing the wherein interior oxidation of new manufacture method is that 10～200 atmospheric pressure, temperature are to carry out under 750 ℃～500 ℃ at oxygen atmosphere.
Description
The present invention relates to be used for the contact material used on electronic equipment such as switch, circuit breaker, the contactor.
Those and make its internal oxidation and the Ag-Sn alloy that obtains is made by by fusing Ag and Sn to the contact material relevant with the present invention specifically.These contact materials with by mixing Ag and Sn powder, and carry out powder metallurgy sintered and contact material preparation belongs to different kinds.
Up to now, Ag-Sn oxide alloy (wherein Ag is a matrix, the Sn(solute metal) is the Sn oxide in internal oxidation) be used as the contact material in the electronic equipment of mentioned kind widely.
As similar contact material, people are known that the Ag-Cd oxide alloy, but because Cd insalubrity wherein, so, use the contact material of making by the Ag-Sn oxide alloy today widely in order to prevent to pollute.
Yet, when making Ag-SnO alloy contact material, exist a serious problem.That is exactly, if described Sn is bigger by 5 than the percentage by weight of Ag matrix, make oxygen from the outside of Ag matrix immerse and be diffused into matrix inside so that whole Sn obtain completely in oxidation be impossible.This is a kind of generally acknowledged phenomenon of this area professional that is.For example, be published among " information " (the number of registration 1-11) that publishes in April, 1966, West Germany DODUCO and point out that in the Ag-Sn alloy that contains the Sn more than 5%, this Sn just can not pass through the inner oxidation method oxidation.It points out that this is owing to unavoidably will be penetrated in the alloy to promote the internal oxidation of interior zone thereby blocked oxygen at the isolated chromatography layer that forms the Sn oxide in appearance of this alloy.As mentioned above, undoubted, these in relevant contact material industry the professional be confirmed.
In order to address this problem, must use to have high diffusion velocity or better oxygen carrying capacity is arranged, and can more effectively be transported to auxiliary solute metal in the darker zone of Ag matrix to oxygen, thereby oxidation to be succeedd in making.This auxiliary solute metal generally is Z and Bi.
At United States Patent (USP) № .3, in 933,485, make Ag-Zn system alloy inner oxidation, obtain modern contact material, Zn is used as auxiliary solute metal here, make alloy Internal success obtain oxidation.Or rather, by 5～10%(weight) Sn, 1.0～10%(weight) Zn and the described contact material formed of the Ag of surplus by interior oxidation.They are one of best contact materials of current industrial use.
Yet as above explanation had both made when having used the Zn with oxidative function in the fine promotion as the hydrotropy metal, and also being difficult to will be greater than 5% Sn oxidation in whole Ag matrix equably.People observe accidental can the generation of Sn oxide sometimes and emanate on the outer surface of Ag matrix, and when the transition zone of Sn oxide continuously was created on the inner surface of Ag matrix, this mistake segregation can cause airtight oxidation cortex.
Pointing out already, because ZnO and Bio have relatively low refractoriness, is more weak metal oxide, for a long time, just wishes just can carry out the interior oxidation of Ag-Sn alloy when not using Zn or Bi.
To point out that also binary Ag-Sn alloy and ternary Ag-Sn-Zn alloy and Ag-Sn-Bi alloy phase are compared, and the conductivity of ternary alloy three-partalloy is lower.Also consider from this point, for the ease of interior oxidation, preferably without Zn or Bi as auxiliary element.
In view of above-mentioned viewpoint, the invention provides fully novel contact material, this material prepares by fusion, only by 5～20%(weight) Sn and surplus Ag forms, and in the quilt
As for Sn amount of the present invention, in order to obtain the contact material of effective refractoriness, the minimum of Sn is 5%(weight), if institute surpasses 20% to the Sn amount, the material of gained will be too crisp, so the maximum of Sn is a 20%(weight).In the present invention, only add Sn, and, also one or more elements that are selected from the iron family element (Fe, Co and Ni) can be joined in the said bianry alloy by the smelting process preparation and through interior oxidation though feature is a binary Ag alloy of the present invention.Such adding is not for quickening or help interior oxidation, and only is for refining or the alloy grain structure of the final alloy of refinement.In order to reach this purpose, iron family element will be with 0.001～1%(weight) amount add.
The present invention also provides a kind of novel method of making above-mentioned novel contact material.That is:
By a large amount of experiments, the inventor finds, when the oxygen atmosphere of oxidation is greater than 10 atmospheric pressure in will carrying out, can not in those Ag-Sn(5～20%(weight of oxidation)) alloy can be successfully fully by interior oxidation.This new theory and conclusion are that the inventor at first makes.
Learnt already, and when making contact material, the Ag matrix be heated so that alloy becomes active, thereby cause outside oxygen to enter inside by interior oxidation Ag alloy.Heating-up temperature for this purpose is generally in 500～750 ℃ of scopes.In this connection, the inventor also finds, under being in greater than 10 atmospheric oxygen atmospheres, when carrying out as interior oxidation that the inventor found, selects when higher when oxygen atmosphere, and above-mentioned heating-up temperature is preferably got temperature lower in the said temperature scope.If this is because oxygen atmosphere and heating-up temperature are all higher, the Ag matrix overactivity that just becomes, and the most oxygen of inspiration continuously cause in the Ag matrix Sn oxidation rate too fast, and because the segregation around the Sn oxide also can make the Ag matrix surface produce the oxidation cortex.In other words, when oxygen atmosphere pressure forces down than 10 atmosphere, heating-up temperature is preferably got higher temperature in above-mentioned 500～750 ℃ of temperature ranges, otherwise when oxygen atmosphere was higher than above-mentioned 10 atmospheric pressure, heating-up temperature was preferably got lower temperature in the above-mentioned interior oxidation heating-up temperature scope.
According to the present invention, when the Ag of above-mentioned specific components alloy carries out oxidation, preferably meet the following conditions: the Ag alloy should remain on solid phase and not contain any liquid phase, this be because, if alloy is a liquid phase,, metal oxide is separated out even part is a liquid phase, towards the surface drift of alloy, then around it, generate the oxidation cortex.
According to above-mentioned argument, when heating-up temperature when the said temperature scope minimum point, or during approximately near 500 ℃ of minimum temperature, institute's oxidizing atmosphere of getting is preferably high as far as possible.But, become liquid in order to prevent alloy, and consider industrial fail safe and economy, the present invention will with maximum oxygen atmosphere the best be 200 atmospheric pressure.In other words, as the Ag-Sn (5～20%(weight) that makes by fusing) alloy carry out according to the present invention in during oxidation, low and higher or minimum and maximum oxygen atmosphere the best should be respectively 10 atmospheric pressure and 200 atmospheric pressure, and its heating optimum temperature should be in 750 ℃ to 500 ℃ scope.
The present invention is illustrated in the following example particularly.
(1) Ag-Sn6%(weight)
(2) Ag-Sn6%(weight); Ni0.2%(weight)
Above-mentioned component (1) and (2) are through fusing, and making diameter is 120mm, and length is the metal base of 40mm.It is that 30mm, width are the rectangular bar of 50mm that this base is hot extruded into thickness.This rod being cut into every segment length then is 500mm, and the upper and lower surface 3mm that all shoots off, and is 24mm thereby obtain thickness, and wide is 510mm, longly is the square rod of 500mm.
On the lower surface of each square rod, be stained with the thick fine silver of 2.5mm that is.Spreading thereon is so that thickness is 1.2mm.With diameter is this square rod of drift punching press of 6mm, and so just having obtained diameter is 6mm, and fine silver is thick to be the plate-like contact material of 1.2mm.
Make these plate-like contact materials under 25 atmospheric oxygen atmospheres, be heated to 700 ℃, continue 48 hours.
The cross section of the contact material that generates by microscopic examination, the result is: there is not the oxidation cortex to generate around in the material surface zone, and Sn component complete oxidation.Find that also no matter the particle profile of Ag matrix how, the particle of Sn oxide is very fine, and is deposited on equably on the Ag matrix.Deposition distribution and Sn oxide are so meticulous, thereby look and resemble with powder metallurgy preparation.
In order to make comparison, make following alloy (3).The contact material of being made by the interior oxidation of described alloy (3) is acknowledged as one of best contact material that has fabulous contact performance and performance now.
(3) .Ag-Sn6%(weight); Zn 1%(weight); Ni2%(weight).
This alloy for preparing is processed into and the duplicate plate-like contact material of specification of above-mentioned (1) and (2) alloy by melting.This plate-like contact material is heated to 620 ℃ under 1 atmospheric normal pressure oxygen atmosphere, continue 24 hours.
With the contact material (3) that microscopic examination generates, find similar with (2) to contact material (1).In contact material (3), Sn is also by fully oxidized.Simultaneously, they deposit along the Ag particle outline as squama, and have than contact material (1) and (2) all tangible coarse grain.
The hardness (HRP) and the conductivity (IACS%) of the contact material (1) of oxidation, (2) and (3) are as follows in the above-mentioned warp:
Hardness conductivity
（1） 78 72
（2） 80 70
（3） 95 55
By anti-melting welding test (voltage DC240V, initial current (capacitor discharge current) 700A, contact pressure 200g, experiment number 20), the melting welding time that draws is as follows:
（1） 0
（2） 0
（3） 0
As follows with the consumption (mg) that ASTM methods of test (voltage AC200V, electric current 50A, contact pressure 400g, release force 600g) draws:
（1） 10
（2） 8
（3） 15
Describe as above and explain that the present invention can provide by by fusing preparation in detail, and through the Ag-Sn(5～20%(weight of interior oxidation)) the complete novel contact material made of alloy.From above-mentioned test data, be not difficult to learn that the contact material of making according to the present invention is to have possessed the very fine ground of the Sn of making basically, is deposited on equably on the Ag matrix, and has fabulous contact performance, comprises through improving the binary Ag-Sn alloy of conductivity.
Claims (8)
1, Ag-SnO contact material, it is to be made by Ag-Sn (5～20% (the weight)) alloy for preparing by fusing and interior oxidation.
2, according to the Ag-SnO contact material of claim 1, wherein adding one or more consumptions in the alloy is 0.001～1%(weight) be selected from iron family element (Fe, Co and Ni)
3, according to the Ag-SnO contact material in claim 1 or 2 wherein alloy be under greater than 10 atmospheric oxygen atmospheres, keep solid phase without any under the liquid-phase condition by interior oxidation.
4, according to the Ag-SnO contact material in the claim 1,2 or 3 wherein alloy be to be to be heated to oxidation in 750 ℃～500 ℃ quilts under 10～200 atmospheric pressure at oxygen atmosphere.
5, the manufacture method of Ag-SnO contact material it comprise in oxidation keep solid phase by fusing, under greater than 10 atmospheric oxygen atmospheres and in described alloy and do not contain this alloy of heating under any liquid-phase condition and to the Ag-Sn(5～20%(weight of preparation)) alloy.
6, according to the method for making the Ag-SnO contact material in the claim 5, wherein in alloy, add 0.001～1%(weight) be selected from one or more elements in the iron family element (Fe, Co, and Ni).
7, according to the method for the manufacturing Ag-SnO contact material of claim 5 or 6, wherein oxygen atmosphere is 10～200 atmospheric pressure.
8, according to the method for the manufacturing Ag-SnO contact material in the claim 5,6 or 7, wherein heating-up temperature is 750 ℃～500 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101069 CN1026637C (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1990-02-28 | Silver-tin oxide electric contact material and their method of production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101069 CN1026637C (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1990-02-28 | Silver-tin oxide electric contact material and their method of production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1054505A true CN1054505A (en) | 1991-09-11 |
| CN1026637C CN1026637C (en) | 1994-11-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101069 Expired - Fee Related CN1026637C (en) | 1990-02-28 | 1990-02-28 | Silver-tin oxide electric contact material and their method of production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1026637C (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1082235C (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2002-04-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Synthesis method for preparing silver-tin dioxide electric contact materials |
| CN100378884C (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2008-04-02 | 株式会社德力本店 | Method for producing silver-oxide group electric contact material and its product |
| CN100552845C (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-10-21 | 天津大学 | Silver-based tin oxide gradient electric contact material and preparation method |
| CN102294485A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2011-12-28 | 哈尔滨东大高新材料股份有限公司 | composite electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102509654A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-20 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method for silver stannic oxide wire |
| CN103014395A (en) * | 2012-12-09 | 2013-04-03 | 温州聚星电接触科技有限公司 | Method for preparing efficient aerated mixed powder |
| CN107385254A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-11-24 | 常州金艺广告传媒有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fiber wire type silver-based electric contact material |
| CN110983096A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-04-10 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing silver matrix oxide electric contact material by internal oxidation method capable of improving fusion welding resistance |
-
1990
- 1990-02-28 CN CN 90101069 patent/CN1026637C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1082235C (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2002-04-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Synthesis method for preparing silver-tin dioxide electric contact materials |
| CN100378884C (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2008-04-02 | 株式会社德力本店 | Method for producing silver-oxide group electric contact material and its product |
| CN100552845C (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-10-21 | 天津大学 | Silver-based tin oxide gradient electric contact material and preparation method |
| CN102294485A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2011-12-28 | 哈尔滨东大高新材料股份有限公司 | composite electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102294485B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-01-30 | 哈尔滨东大高新材料股份有限公司 | Composite electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102509654A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-20 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method for silver stannic oxide wire |
| CN103014395A (en) * | 2012-12-09 | 2013-04-03 | 温州聚星电接触科技有限公司 | Method for preparing efficient aerated mixed powder |
| CN107385254A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-11-24 | 常州金艺广告传媒有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fiber wire type silver-based electric contact material |
| CN110983096A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-04-10 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing silver matrix oxide electric contact material by internal oxidation method capable of improving fusion welding resistance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1026637C (en) | 1994-11-16 |
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