CN105450453B - A kind of constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol - Google Patents
A kind of constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN105450453B CN105450453B CN201510880806.9A CN201510880806A CN105450453B CN 105450453 B CN105450453 B CN 105450453B CN 201510880806 A CN201510880806 A CN 201510880806A CN 105450453 B CN105450453 B CN 105450453B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
- H04L41/0213—Standardised network management protocols, e.g. simple network management protocol [SNMP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
Abstract
The constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol that the invention discloses a kind of.The construction method includes topology information acquisition, information extraction, information filtering and topology constructing.The present invention has, and constructs the feature high-efficient, network load is low and topological layout is reasonable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method of computer network topologies, especially a kind of network based on snmp protocol is opened up
Flutter construction method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the expansion of network size, hand drawn topology seems very cumbersome and is difficult to update, and network is opened up
The method for auto constructing flutterred is developed rapidly, and is had much to the research of topological construction method both at home and abroad, but many researchs
It is all based on subrange.Current constructing network topology method can be divided into menu manager domain by building range and multitube is managed
Domain, by building protocol hierarchy can be divided into network layer topology building and link layer topology construct, by construction method can be divided by
Dynamic detection and active probe.Currently, the automatic building of network topology is still the research topic rich in challenge, research is provided
There is efficient, quick, complete and accuracy topological construction method by no means easy.It is different especially when being directed to specific network
Topological construction method has different performance and efficiency.Traditional manual construction network topological method is primarily present following lack
Point: topology constructing low efficiency, topology update not in time, and building topology easily manual errors occurs, for complex topology planning and constructing
Difficulty is big；Make network negative based on ICMP agreement, based on RIP agreement, the topological construction method based on DNS and based on ospf protocol
Load is higher, may cause localized network congestion, is not suitable for the huge network of network traffic data.
Summary of the invention
The constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of.The present invention has, structure
Build the feature that high-efficient, network load is low and topological layout is reasonable.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol, the construction method include opening up
Flutter information collection, information extraction, information filtering and topology constructing.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, the topology information acquisition is that use is multi-thread
Journey mode acquires the SNMP information of real-time storage in the library MIB of router snmp protocol in topological network to be built, SNMP simultaneously
Information includes device port IP address information, port information and system information, and collected SNMP information is stored in MySQL data
In library.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, the multithread mode is acquisition SNMP letter
Topology information collection process when breath for each router individually creates a thread, and each thread independently uses net-snmp soft
The SNMP data request command that part provides.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, in the library MIB of the snmp protocol by pipe
Managing object grouping includes system group, interfaces group and ip group；The system group includes sysName field；It is described
Interfaces group include ifDescr field；The ip group includes ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask field.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, the information extraction is, from MySQL database
Then middle sysName, ifDescr, ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask information for extracting the same period recently will
Information is by the sequential storage of nodename, serial number, port type, device port IP address and subnet mask into memory；It is described
The same node of serial number all devices port IP address serial number.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, the information filtering is, first by port class
Type is that the information filtering of Vlan, Loopback and Multilink are fallen, secondly according to device port IP address and subnet mask into
Row " logical AND " operation obtains the network number where each device port IP address, according to network number, in all devices Port IP
The device port IP address belonged in consolidated network number is found in address, will repeat the identical device port being arranged for different port
The device port IP address not being attached after IP address, setting but is filtered, and setting for consolidated network number will be belonged to after filtering
Standby port IP address retains, and the device port IP address of reservation is generated topology constructing document later.
In constructing network topology method above-mentioned based on snmp protocol, the topology constructing is, according to topology constructing
Document obtains the Port IP pair of network node, confirms the Port IP pair between each network node further according to router belonging to port
Quantity constructs the adjacency matrix of a n × n by the quantity of network node and Port IP pair, and n is network node quantity, adjacent
The element of matrix is the quantity of Port IP pair, carries out topological layout using power guiding placement algorithm according to adjacency matrix later.
Compared with prior art, the SNMP information acquired via topology information is stored in MySQL database by the present invention, it
Information extraction and information filtering are carried out from MySQL database afterwards, in this way, realizing topology information collection process with after
Continuous information extraction, information filtering and the separation of topology constructing process, effectively having evaded topology information acquisition overall time may be compared with
Long problem need not start again to carry out information extraction, information filtering and topology constructing after the completion of topology information acquisition, together
When metastable for topological structure network, information filtering can be extracted directly from MySQL database and restores topology, pole
It improves efficiency greatly.Compared to manual construction topology, the present invention can more efficiently, quickly and correctly construct network topology.
The present invention carries out network topological information acquisition to the network topology based on snmp protocol, can real-time and accurately obtain
Network node information, that is, SNMP information, and constructed network can be updated in real time according to the SNMP information acquired in real time and opened up
Flutter, moreover, in collection process caused by network load it is low, will not be to the normal of the biggish network of network especially flow
Work impacts.
The present invention carries out topology information acquisition using multithread mode, is each router, that is, network node when acquisition
The collection process of SNMP information individually creates a thread, the SNMP data that each thread independently uses net-snmp software to provide
Request command (snmpwalk) obtains aforementioned specified SNMP information from router, in this way, can be with high efficiency, mutually do not do
It acquires network node SNMP information with disturbing, avoids because network network node that may be present is more, Node distribution is wide, transmission delay
High feature causes the case where high acquisition time delay, low efficiency.
The present invention carries out topological layout when carrying out topology constructing, using power guiding algorithm, so that point of layout interior joint
Dissipate relatively uniform, the line intersected between node is less, and obtained topological layout is more reasonable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the smmpwalk data request command that net-snmp software provides；
Fig. 2 is sysName field information example in collected snmp protocol；
Fig. 3 is ifDescr field information example in collected snmp protocol；
Fig. 4 is ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask field information example in collected snmp protocol；
Fig. 5 is topology constructing document example；
Fig. 6 is building local topology example.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but be not intended as to the present invention limit according to
According to.
Embodiment 1.A kind of constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol, the construction method include that topology information is adopted
Collection, information extraction, information filtering and topology constructing.
Topology information acquisition above-mentioned is to acquire router SNMP in topological network to be built simultaneously using multithread mode
The SNMP information of real-time storage in the library MIB of agreement, SNMP information include device port IP address information, port information and system
Collected SNMP information is stored in MySQL database by information.
Topology information acquisition above-mentioned is using passive acquisition SNMP information mode, by this way, can exist for network
The feature that node is more, Node distribution is remote and information propagation delay time is high, acquired on each router simultaneously using multithread mode
SNMP information, to improve collecting efficiency, multithread mode is specifically, be the topology information of each router when acquiring SNMP information
Collection process individually creates a thread, the SNMP data request command that each thread independently uses net-snmp software to provide
(snmpwalk), request command is as shown in Figure 1, obtain specified SNMP information from router, and when acquisition first confirms that be collected
Node (router) opens snmp protocol, inputs a certain device port IP address of all nodes to be collected in network (generally
Loopback address), capture program is executed, what capture program can match the library snmp protocol MIB in node to be collected updates for five minutes
Rate, every five minutes automatic collections are primary.
Managed object grouping in the library MIB of snmp protocol above-mentioned includes system group, interfaces group and ip
Group.Specifically, the object that each group is used is as follows:
System group (node OID is 1.3.6.1.2.1.1)
The main object used in system group objects is sysName.
| Object oriented | Type | Description information |
| sysName | DisplayString | The Fully-Qualified Domain Name of managed devices |
Interfaces group (node OID is 1.3.6.1.2.1.2)
Main object in Interfaces group is ifDescr.
Ip group (node OID is 1.3.6.1.2.1.4)
The main object used in ip group is ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask.
| Object oriented | Type | Description information |
| ipAdEntAddr | IpAddress | The a certain particular ip address of the system |
| ipAdEntNetMask | IpAddress | The subnet mask of the IP address |
It can be used for identifying node router title using sysName object, ifDescr object is for identifying node-routing
The a certain particular port type of device, the i.e. Linktype of interface respective links, ipAdEntAddr object can identify node router
The IP address of a certain particular port binding, ipAdEntNetMask object is then the corresponding subnet mask of the IP address.Fig. 2, Fig. 3
It is the collected SNMP Examples of information from the library MIB respectively with Fig. 4；Wherein Fig. 2 is sysName word in collected snmp protocol
Segment information；Fig. 3 is ifDescr field information in collected snmp protocol；Fig. 4 is in collected snmp protocol
IpAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask field information.
Information extraction above-mentioned be sysName, ifDescr that the same period is extracted from MySQL database,
Then information is pressed nodename, serial number, port type, device port IP by ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask information
The sequential storage of address and subnet mask is into memory；The sequence of all devices port IP address of the same node of the serial number
Number.
Information filtering above-mentioned is, is first the information filtering of Vlan, Loopback and Multilink by port type
Fall, is interfered to avoid because virtual subnet, loopback address and multiplexed port present in network generate building topology, secondly root
The network where " logical AND " operation obtains each device port IP address is carried out according to device port IP address and subnet mask
Number, according to network number, position is found in all devices port IP address and belongs to the device port IP address in consolidated network number, it will
Repeat be the identical device port IP address of different port setting, after setting but the device port IP address that is not attached (i.e.
Only have the IP address in the device port IP address belonging network number) it is filtered, setting for consolidated network number will be belonged to after filtering
Standby port IP address retains, and the device port IP address of reservation is generated topology constructing document later；Fig. 5 topology constructing document shows
Example.
Topology constructing above-mentioned is the Port IP pair of network node to be obtained according to topology constructing document, further according to port institute
The router of category confirms the quantity (each Port IP to represent a link) of the Port IP pair between each network node, passes through network
The quantity (chain travel permit number) of node and Port IP pair constructs the adjacency matrix of a n × n, and n is network node quantity, adjacency matrix
Element be Port IP pair quantity.With three network nodes, that is, Router18, Routetr19 and Router43 building part
For topology (as shown in Figure 6), the wherein device port IP address of Router18 are as follows:
The device port IP address of Router43 are as follows:
| ipAdEntAddr | ipAdEntNetMask |
| 10.41.100.46 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.50 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.54 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.58 | 255.255.255.252 |
The device port IP address of Router19:
| ipAdEntAddr | ipAdEntNetMask |
| 10.31.16.09 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.31.16.50 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.6 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.10 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.14 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.45 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.49 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.53 | 255.255.255.252 |
| 10.41.100.57 | 255.255.255.252 |
" logical AND " operation can be carried out by device port IP address and subnet mask, obtain network number where interface,
Compare each interface network number, it can be found that Router18 and Router19 there are 4 pairs of Port IP to (i.e. 4 links), be respectively:
(10.41.100.1,10.41.100.2), (10.41.100.5,10.41.100.6), (10.41.100.9,
10.41.100.10), (10.41.100.13,10.41.100.14).Also there are 4 pairs of Port IP between Router43 and Router19
It is right, be respectively (10.41.100.45,10.41.100.46), (10.41.100.49,10.41.100.50),
(10.41.100.53,10.41.100.54), (10.41.100.57,10.41.100.58).
By above-mentioned Port IP pair, available following adjacency matrix:
After establishing adjacency matrix, topological layout is carried out.When building, topological layout is carried out using power guiding algorithm.Described
Power guiding algorithm is by calculating its gravitation and repulsion to the network node of initial random distribution, and all there is reprimands for all nodes
Power, but there are gravitation for connected node, move node gradually by the driving of power, finally to reach the flat of power between node
Weighing apparatus.Pseudo-code of the algorithm is as follows:
Wherein V indicates that the number of network node of figure, E indicate the number of edges of figure.The space complexity of the algorithm is O (V), is calculated every
The time complexity that the repulsive force of a node needs is O (V2), calculate the time complexity that the attraction between each pair of node needs
For O (E), the time complexity that mobile node needs is O (V).In conclusion the space complexity of the algorithm is O (V), time
Complexity is O (V2)+O(E).Placement algorithm is guided by power, so that the dispersion of layout interior joint is relatively uniform, is intersected between node
Line it is less, obtain preferable topological layout, be presented to user one intuitive reasonable topology distribution.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of constructing network topology method based on snmp protocol, which is characterized in that the construction method includes that topology information is adopted
Collection, information extraction, information filtering and topology constructing；The described topology information acquisition be acquired simultaneously using multithread mode to
The SNMP information of real-time storage in the library MIB of router snmp protocol in topological network is constructed, SNMP information includes device port
Collected SNMP information is stored in MySQL database by IP address information, port information and system information；Described is multi-thread
Journey mode is individually to create a thread, each line when acquiring SNMP information for the topology information collection process of each router
The SNMP data request command that Cheng Duli is provided using net-snmp software；Being managed in the library MIB of the snmp protocol
Object grouping includes system group, interfaces group and ip group；The system group includes sysName field；Described
Interfaces group includes ifDescr field；The ip group includes ipAdEntAddr and ipAdEntNetMask field；Institute
The information extraction stated is that sysName, ifDescr, ipAdEntAddr of same period recently are extracted from MySQL database
With ipAdEntNetMask information, information is then pressed into nodename, serial number, port type, device port IP address and subnet
The sequential storage of mask is into memory；The serial number of all devices port IP address of the same node of the serial number；Described
Information filtering is first to fall the information filtering that port type is Vlan, Loopback and Multilink, secondly according to equipment
Port IP address and subnet mask carry out " logical AND " operation and obtain the network number where each device port IP address, according to
Network number finds the device port IP address belonged in consolidated network number in all devices port IP address, will repeat as not
With the identical device port IP address of port setting, after setting but the device port IP address that is not attached is filtered, mistake
The device port IP address for belonging to consolidated network number is retained after filter, the device port IP address of reservation is generated into topological structure later
Build document.
2. the constructing network topology method according to claim 1 based on snmp protocol, it is characterised in that: the topology
It is configured to, the Port IP pair of network node is obtained according to topology constructing document, confirm each net further according to router belonging to port
The quantity of Port IP pair between network node constructs the adjacency matrix of a n × n, n by the quantity of network node and Port IP pair
For network node quantity, the element of adjacency matrix is the quantity of Port IP pair, later according to adjacency matrix using power guiding layout
Algorithm carries out topological layout.
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| CN102546251A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-04 | 清华大学 | Hybrid-detection-technology-based network topology discovery and automatic topology method and system |
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| CN101610178A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2009-12-23 | 南京联创科技股份有限公司 | Method for obtaining physical layer link network topology based on address forwarding mechanism |
| CN102546251A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-07-04 | 清华大学 | Hybrid-detection-technology-based network topology discovery and automatic topology method and system |
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