CN105450099A - Electromagnetic damping device for wheel hub motor of electric automobile - Google Patents
Electromagnetic damping device for wheel hub motor of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN105450099A CN105450099A CN201511002996.0A CN201511002996A CN105450099A CN 105450099 A CN105450099 A CN 105450099A CN 201511002996 A CN201511002996 A CN 201511002996A CN 105450099 A CN105450099 A CN 105450099A
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- wheel hub
- hub motor
- damping device
- control unit
- electric automobile
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/10—Arrangements for controlling torque ripple, e.g. providing reduced torque ripple
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the control loops
- H02P2205/01—Current loop, i.e. comparison of the motor current with a current reference
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic damping device for a wheel hub motor of an electric automobile. The electromagnetic damping device comprises the wheel hub motor, a signal acquisition circuit, a core control unit and a driving circuit, wherein the wheel hub motor is provided with an inner stator; a compensating winding is arranged on the inner stator; the driving circuit is provided with a driving bridge arm; the driving bridge arm is electrically connected with the compensating winding; the signal acquisition circuit and the driving circuit are connected with the core control unit respectively; the signal acquisition circuit is used for acquiring a voltage and a current of the wheel hub motor and a current of the compensating winding, and transmitting an acquisition signal to the core control unit; the core control unit is used for outputting a pulse width modulation (PWM) driving signal to the driving bridge arm according to the received acquisition signal in order to perform closed-loop control on the current of the compensating winding; and the compensating winding generates a compensating magnetic field which is superimposed with a magnetic field of the wheel hub motor. Through adoption of the electromagnetic damping device, the phenomenon of electromagnetic torque pulsation of the wheel hub motor can be eliminated. Serving as a supplementary device of a conventional suspension damper, the electromagnetic damping device can further improve the vertical characteristic of the electric automobile.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric automobile, especially a kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile.
Background technology
Wheel hub motor is the motor of a kind of internal stator, external rotor form, its power, transmission and brake apparatus are all incorporated in wheel hub, therefore the mechanical part of motor vehicle is simplified greatly, compared with traditional centralized driving form, independently take turns limit/wheel hub drive form and there is unique performance advantage, as good mobility, the transmission mechanism of simplification, high transmission efficiency, higher interior of body space availability ratio and good dynamic performance etc.
But because the wheel hub motor of conventional wheel rim driven motor vehicle is connected with wheel rate, its quality forms the nonspring carried mass of car load, makes the ratio of car load spring carried mass and nonspring carried mass too small, is unfavorable for the adjustment of suspension system, have impact on the vertical performance of car load.When vehicle heavy duty or the road surface at a high speed by road conditions difference, the shock and vibration of road surface to wheel is directly delivered to suspension by wheel hub motor, makes ride performance and car body bad stability.
In order to improve the adverse effect that vehicle hub motor vertical vibration brings, improve vehicle ride performance, domestic and international associated production manufacturer mainly solves from aspects such as the lightweight of suspension material, the absorption of motor body dynamic antivibration, initiatively/semi-active suspensions the vertical negative effect that wheel hub drives electric automobile.At present, more ripe technical scheme takes glissando at vehicle frame suspending side to wheel hub motor and hanging integral structure.
But, after vehicle frame suspending side takes glissando, although vehicle ride performance and car body stability are improved, but, when the vertical load of car body weight is applied on bearing, the deformation of bearing can cause wheel hub motor internal stator and external rotor bias, air-gap field in vertical direction is distorted, because bearing has stronger rigidity, the physical deformation of bearing is very little, the mechanical oscillation caused by bias are negligible, but magnetic field is more responsive to the air gap distance between rotor, less eccentric throw can cause the close change of larger magnetic, wheel hub motor is caused to produce electromagnetic torque pulsation phenomenon, thus the electromagnetic torque affected in tangential direction.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is just to provide a kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile, the electromagnetic torque pulsation phenomenon of wheel hub motor can be eliminated, as the supplementary device of conventional suspension damper to improve the Vertical Characteristic of motor vehicle further.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile, comprise wheel hub motor, signal acquisition circuit, key control unit and drive circuit, described wheel hub motor has internal stator, described internal stator is provided with compensative winding, described drive circuit has driving brachium pontis, described driving brachium pontis is electrically connected with compensative winding, described signal acquisition circuit is connected with key control unit respectively with drive circuit, described signal acquisition circuit gathers the voltage of wheel hub motor, collection signal is also sent to key control unit by the electric current of electric current and compensative winding, described key control unit exports the size of current of PWM drive singal closed-loop control compensative winding to driving brachium pontis according to the collection signal received, compensative winding produces the compensating field superimposed with wheel hub motor magnetic field.
Further, described compensative winding is two groups of parallel with one another and single phase windings that the number of turn is identical, and described internal stator comprises stator core, and described stator core is provided with two groups of stator slots in vertical direction, often organize nested one group of single phase winding in stator slot, two groups of single phase windings are arranged in the same way.
Further, described signal acquisition circuit comprises the voltage sensor gathering wheel hub electric moter voltage, the current sensor gathering wheel hub current of electric and compensative winding electric current and modulate circuit, and described modulate circuit exports the collection signal of voltage sensor and current sensor to key control unit after conditioning.
Further, described drive circuit has three-phase brachium pontis, described wheel hub motor has three-phase end of incoming cables, and described three-phase brachium pontis correspondence connects the three-phase end of incoming cables of wheel hub motor, and described key control unit connects three-phase brachium pontis and exports rotating speed and the moment of torsion that three road PWM drive singal control wheel hub motor.
Further, described wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device also comprises vehicle power, described vehicle power comprises batteries and supply convertor, described batteries connects drive circuit by DC bus and exports high voltage direct current, high voltage direct current is converted to low-voltage DC by the DC bus that described supply convertor connects drive circuit, the output connection signal Acquisition Circuit of supply convertor, key control unit and drive circuit.
Further, described wheel hub motor also comprises external rotor, bearing, motor shaft and end cap, and described end cap is fixedly connected with external rotor, and described internal stator is fixedly connected with motor shaft, and described end cap is provided with bearing, and described motor shaft is connected with bearing fit.
Further, described wheel hub motor is permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine or permagnetic synchronous motor.
Further, described driving brachium pontis adopts IGBT or MOSFET as switching device.
Further, described signal acquisition circuit, key control unit and drive circuit become one formation electric machine controller.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
By arranging compensative winding on wheel hub motor internal stator, the voltage of the wheel hub motor that key control unit collects according to signal acquisition circuit, the electric current of electric current and compensative winding exports PWM drive singal to the size of current driving brachium pontis closed-loop control compensative winding, the electric current of compensative winding excites compensating field, the distorted magnetic field that this compensating field is formed because of bearing deformation with wheel hub motor superposes, realize the real-Time Compensation of wheel hub motor distorted magnetic field, make close being more evenly distributed of wheel hub motor circumference magnetic, thus torque ripple reduction, improve the Vertical Characteristic of motor vehicle, improve the ride comfort that vehicle travels.
Concrete technique effect of the present invention will be further described in a specific embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view at a kind of visual angle of wheel hub motor in the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view at the another kind of visual angle of wheel hub motor in the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical connection diagram of the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure flow chart of the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the control method of the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile, comprise vehicle power 1, signal acquisition circuit 2a, key control unit 2b, drive circuit 2c and wheel hub motor 3, wheel hub motor 3 comprises external rotor 31, internal stator 33, bearing 34, motor shaft 35 and end cap 36, internal stator 33 is located at the inner circumferential of external rotor 31, end cap 36 is fixedly connected with external rotor 31, internal stator 33 is fixedly connected with motor shaft 35, end cap 36 is provided with bearing 34, motor shaft 35 and bearing 34 are connected, the inner peripheral surface of external rotor 31 is provided with permanent magnet 31a, wheel hub motor 3 is permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine or permagnetic synchronous motor, between the inner peripheral surface of external rotor 31 and the outer peripheral face of internal stator 33, there is air gap 32, when the vertical load of car body weight is applied on bearing, the deformation of bearing 34 can cause internal stator 33 and external rotor 31 bias of wheel hub motor 3, air-gap field in vertical direction is distorted.
In order to revise the distorted magnetic field of wheel hub motor 3, the internal stator 33 of wheel hub motor 3 is provided with compensative winding 4, compensative winding 4 is two groups of parallel with one another and single phase windings that the number of turn is identical, internal stator 33 comprises stator core, stator core is provided with two groups of stator slots in vertical direction, often organize nested one group of single phase winding in stator slot, one group of stator slot comprises two stator slots, each stator slot is provided with opening, single phase winding carries out coiling through the opening of stator slot, two groups of single phase windings are arranged in the same way, because two groups of single phase windings are located in the vertical direction of stator core, the compensating field of vertical direction just can be excited after two groups of single phase winding energisings, the distorted magnetic field of this compensating field and wheel hub motor 3 is superimposed, realize the compensation of distorted magnetic field.
In order to the compensation that the distorted magnetic field of intensity to the different distortion degree of wheel hub motor 3 of the compensating field of accurate control and compensation winding 4 adapts, drive circuit 2c is pwm power driver module and it has driving brachium pontis, brachium pontis is driven to be electrically connected with compensative winding 4, in order to improve the switching response speed driving brachium pontis, brachium pontis is driven preferably to adopt IGBT or MOSFET as switching device, signal acquisition circuit 2a is connected with key control unit 2b respectively with drive circuit 2c, the microprocessor that key control unit 2b adopts single-chip microcomputer or dsp chip to form, signal acquisition circuit 2a gathers the voltage of wheel hub motor 3, collection signal is also sent to key control unit 2b by the electric current of electric current and compensative winding 4, signal acquisition circuit 2a comprises the voltage sensor gathering wheel hub motor 3 voltage, gather current sensor and the modulate circuit of wheel hub motor 3 electric current and compensative winding 4 electric current, modulate circuit exports the signal of voltage sensor and current sensor to key control unit 2b after conditioning, key control unit 2b is according to receiving voltage and current collection signal to the size of current driving brachium pontis to export PWM drive singal closed-loop control compensative winding 4, drive on brachium pontis and there is power component, this power component controls the size of current exported by PWM drive singal, the intensity of the compensating field excited by the size of current control and compensation winding 4 of control and compensation winding 4, realize the fine compensation of wheel hub motor 3 distorted magnetic field, make close being more evenly distributed of the circumferential magnetic of wheel hub motor 3, thus torque ripple reduction, improve the Vertical Characteristic of motor vehicle, improve the ride comfort that vehicle travels.
In order to improve circuit level, reduce circuit volume, signal acquisition circuit 2a, key control unit 2b and drive circuit 2c preferably becomes one and forms electric machine controller 2, vehicle power 1 comprises batteries 1a and supply convertor 1b, batteries 1a connects drive circuit 2 by DC bus and exports high voltage direct current, supply convertor 1b from the DC bus of drive circuit 2 obtain high-voltage dc voltage again step-down be low-voltage DC, the output connection signal Acquisition Circuit 2a of supply convertor 1b, key control unit 2b and drive circuit 2c, according to signal acquisition circuit 2a, the rated voltage requirement of key control unit 2b and drive circuit 2c, supply convertor 1b adopts the dropping equipment of DC-DC power source converter high voltage direct current to be converted to the low-voltage DC of 15V and 5V to signal acquisition circuit 2a, key control unit 2b and drive circuit 2c powers.
In order to improve the integrated efficiency of circuit further, the rotating speed of wheel hub motor 3 and moment of torsion are also controlled by electric machine controller 2, drive circuit 2c has three-phase brachium pontis, wheel hub motor 3 has three-phase end of incoming cables, three-phase brachium pontis correspondence connects the three-phase end of incoming cables of wheel hub motor 3, key control unit 2b connects three-phase brachium pontis and exports rotating speed and the moment of torsion that three road PWM drive singal control wheel hub motor 3, and the three-phase end of incoming cables that voltage sensor and current sensor are also connected wheel hub motor 3 gathers voltage signal and current signal.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of electric automobile hub side electromagnetism shock-absorbing control method of In-wheel motor driving, comprises the following steps:
Electrical signal collection: signal acquisition circuit 2a gathers the real-time current of the real-time voltage of wheel hub motor 3, electric current and compensative winding 4 and the signal of telecommunication collected is sent to key control unit 2b, and key control unit 2b calculates the magnetic field magnetic linkage signal of wheel hub motor 3 according to the signal of telecommunication; S1
Fft analysis: use FFT fast Fourier transform method to analyze motor magnetic linkage, frequency content relevant with automotive wheel rotating speed in decimation in frequency field waveform, and its amplitude is demarcated; S2
Double-closed-loop control: comprise outer closed-loop control and interior closed-loop control, outer closed-loop control is amplitude that key control unit 2b demarcates in step S2 using null as input variable calculates compensative winding 4 offset current desired value as outer closed loop command signal, interior closed-loop control is the real-time current of compensative winding 4 that key control unit 2b gathers using offset current desired value as input variable with signal acquisition circuit 2a is that interior closed loop command signal exports PWM drive singal to driving brachium pontis, carries out closed-loop control to the offset current of compensative winding 4; S3
Field compensation is eliminated with vibration: compensative winding 4 inspires compensating field after obtaining offset current, and compensating field superposes with the distorted magnetic field of wheel hub motor 3 compensation realizing distorted magnetic field.S4
In step S1, key control unit 2b calculates the computing formula of the magnetic field magnetic linkage signal of wheel hub motor 3 and is: ψ=∫ (u-R
si) dt, wherein, ψ is wheel hub motor magnetic linkage, and u is wheel hub motor winding terminal voltage, and i is wheel hub motor winding wire electric current, and Rs is wheel hub motor winding phase resistance.
In step S2, FFT fast connect is carried out to magnetic linkage signal, obtain the amplitude of each frequency content in magnetic linkage signal, motor fundamental frequency electricity frequency, two times of electric frequencies, six times of electric frequencies and HF switch frequency contents are comprised in the magnetic linkage signal obtained, then more significant electromechanics frequency content is also had for eccentric wheel hub motor involved in the present invention, this frequency is identical with wheel rotation frequency, the relation of electromechanics frequency and motor fundamental frequency electricity frequency depends on the magnetic pole logarithm of wheel hub motor, calculated by key control unit 2b, concrete computing formula is:
wherein, Ω is wheel hub motor mechanical frequency, and ω is wheel hub motor fundamental frequency electricity frequency, and p is wheel hub motor number of pole-pairs.Because wheel hub motor comprises more magnetic pole, therefore the frequency of this composition is far below all signals of telecommunication, and key control unit 2b can realize digital filter functions, extracts this low-frequency component and be demarcated as shaking characteristic signal with digital filter.
In step S3, the double-closed-loop control of key control unit 2b is two PID closed-loop controls, the outer closed loop command signal of this control procedure is vibrations characteristic signals, the i.e. close amplitude signal of the magnetic of magnetic field under characteristic frequency, the desirable vibrant characteristic of this signal and zero amplitude carries out calculus of differences, and by a pi regulator, export the offset current desired value needed for compensative winding 4, closed-loop control is carried out to the offset current desired value of compensative winding; The interior closed loop command signal of this control procedure is the current signal being detected compensative winding 4 by current sensor, this current signal and instruction electric current carries out calculus of differences, by the pi regulator of a band amplitude limit function, export the PWM duty cycle signals driven needed for brachium pontis, closed-loop control is carried out to the offset current of compensative winding, thus realize the electric current of accurate control and compensation winding 4, calculus of differences wherein and pi regulator are all realized by the digital operation of key control unit 2b, it designs based on single-chip microcomputer or DSP, does not specifically repeat.
Step S4 is concrete, and offset current produces the magnetic field of vertical direction on compensative winding 4, can improve the sine degree of distorted magnetic field after this magnetic field superposes with the distorted magnetic field of wheel hub motor 3, and the Driving Torque pulsation of wheel hub motor 3 is reduced, and vibrations weaken.Key control unit 2b, voltage sensor and current sensor adopt commercially available premium quality product, the loop control of a step S1 ~ step S4 can be completed in 0.2 second, damping device is in the dynamic adjustment process of continuous renewal, its response speed is far faster than mechanical response speed, can the change of real-Time Compensation car load or the vibration stimulus on road surface, realize shock-absorbing function.
Just preferred embodiment of the present invention is described above, but can not be interpreted as it is limitations on claims.The present invention is not only confined to above embodiment, and its concrete structure allows to change, and those skilled in the art can make various change and distortion according to the present invention, only otherwise depart from spirit of the present invention, all belongs to the scope that claims of the present invention define.
Claims (9)
1. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of an electric automobile, it is characterized in that, comprise wheel hub motor, signal acquisition circuit, key control unit and drive circuit, described wheel hub motor has internal stator, described internal stator is provided with compensative winding, described drive circuit has driving brachium pontis, described driving brachium pontis is electrically connected with compensative winding, described signal acquisition circuit is connected with key control unit respectively with drive circuit, described signal acquisition circuit gathers the voltage of wheel hub motor, collection signal is also sent to key control unit by the electric current of electric current and compensative winding, described key control unit exports the size of current of PWM drive singal closed-loop control compensative winding to driving brachium pontis according to the collection signal received, compensative winding produces the compensating field superimposed with wheel hub motor magnetic field.
2. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compensative winding is two groups of parallel with one another and single phase windings that the number of turn is identical, described internal stator comprises stator core, described stator core is provided with two groups of stator slots in vertical direction, often organize nested one group of single phase winding in stator slot, two groups of single phase windings are arranged in the same way.
3. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described signal acquisition circuit comprises the voltage sensor gathering wheel hub electric moter voltage, the current sensor gathering wheel hub current of electric and compensative winding electric current and modulate circuit, and described modulate circuit exports the collection signal of voltage sensor and current sensor to key control unit after conditioning.
4. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drive circuit has three-phase brachium pontis, described wheel hub motor has three-phase end of incoming cables, described three-phase brachium pontis correspondence connects the three-phase end of incoming cables of wheel hub motor, and described key control unit connects three-phase brachium pontis and exports rotating speed and the moment of torsion that three road PWM drive singal control wheel hub motor.
5. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to Claims 1 to 4 any one, it is characterized in that, described wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device also comprises vehicle power, described vehicle power comprises batteries and supply convertor, described batteries connects drive circuit by DC bus and exports high voltage direct current, high voltage direct current is converted to low-voltage DC by the DC bus that described supply convertor connects drive circuit, the output connection signal Acquisition Circuit of supply convertor, key control unit and drive circuit.
6. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wheel hub motor also comprises external rotor, bearing, motor shaft and end cap, described end cap is fixedly connected with external rotor, described internal stator is fixedly connected with motor shaft, described end cap is provided with bearing, and described motor shaft is connected with bearing fit.
7. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described wheel hub motor is permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine or permagnetic synchronous motor.
8. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described driving brachium pontis adopts IGBT or MOSFET as switching device.
9. the wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of a kind of electric automobile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described signal acquisition circuit, key control unit and drive circuit become one formation electric machine controller.
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CN201710946444.8A CN107623392A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of hub motor for electric automobile with electromagnetism damping device |
CN201511002996.0A CN105450099B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile |
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CN201511002996.0A CN105450099B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile |
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CN201710946444.8A Division CN107623392A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of hub motor for electric automobile with electromagnetism damping device |
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CN201511002996.0A Active CN105450099B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of wheel hub motor electromagnetism damping device of electric automobile |
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CN106026490A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | An external rotor motor with damping rings being arranged axially at intervals and a fan load having same |
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CN107623392A (en) | 2018-01-23 |
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