CN105448514A - Method for preparing precise NdFeB permanent magnets - Google Patents
Method for preparing precise NdFeB permanent magnets Download PDFInfo
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- CN105448514A CN105448514A CN201610012371.0A CN201610012371A CN105448514A CN 105448514 A CN105448514 A CN 105448514A CN 201610012371 A CN201610012371 A CN 201610012371A CN 105448514 A CN105448514 A CN 105448514A
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- iron boron
- neodymium iron
- amorphous
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- accurate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0576—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together pressed, e.g. hot working
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preparing precise NdFeB permanent magnets belongs to the technical field of rare earth permanent-magnet material preparation, and comprises the following steps: smelting NdFeB; carrying out operation according to at least one of a glass fluxing technique-combined circulation cooling and overheating method, and a circulation cooling and overheating-combined magnetic levitation smelting method to ensure that the alloy melt is stable in deep-supercooling degree; carrying out smelting and suction-casting to obtain amorphous blanks; pressing at a certain strain rate to obtain amorphous magnet bodies; and finally, carrying out crystallization to obtain the precise NdFeB permanent magnets. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention has the obvious superiority that the NdFeB permanent magnets prepared according to the method contain no polymer material which is contained in bonded NdFeB magnets; and compared with sintered NdFeB magnet power and hot pressed/hot deformed NdFeB magnets, the NdFeB permanent magnets prepared according to the method are free of line cutting and grinding, and high in dimensional precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to permanent magnetic material processing technique field, is a kind of method preparing the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron.
Background technology
The magnet size precision that well-known existing neodymium iron boron adopts sintered powder technique to prepare is not high, generally the neodymium iron boron magnetic body of powder sintered preparation is called blank, two procedures Linear cut and grinding to be increased specially to ensure the dimensional accuracy of permanent magnet, but can Linear cut and grinding cause the waste of a large amount of valuable rare earth resources and increasing ambient pressure, develop a kind of accurate preparation method of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet from the angle of Green Development?
Existing neodymium iron boron the second preparation method is the technique that neodymium iron boron magnetic body is prepared in hot-pressing thermal distortion, but prepared neodymium iron boron also needs Linear cut and grinding process to ensure the dimensional accuracy of permanent magnet, also cause the waste of a large amount of valuable rare earth resources and increasing ambient pressure.
The third method of existing neodymium iron boron is powder bonding process, the dimensional accuracy of bonded permanent magnet is high, but the maximum problem of bonded permanent magnet is because causing serviceability temperature not high containing macromolecular material, be difficult to meet the instructions for use higher than the temperature environment of 70 DEG C, even if long-term 40 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C work, the macromolecular material easily aging magnet structure that causes lost efficacy.
The manufacture method how innovating permanent magnet prepares not pbz polymer material, and the permanent magnet prepared has high dimensional accuracy, and few processing even will not processed, and saves valuable rare earth resources.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to prepare neodymium iron boron technology Problems existing for existing three kinds: powder sintered neodymium iron boron can only prepare blank also needs Linear cut and grinding process, waste rare earth resources; Blank prepared by hot-pressing thermal distortion neodymium iron boron also needs Linear cut and grinding to ensure the dimensional accuracy of permanent magnet; Powder Agglutinate neodymium-iron-boron because of pbz polymer material easily aging, the therefore Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet not pbz polymer material prepared of the inventive method, and the permanent magnet of preparation has higher dimensional accuracy.
A kind of method preparing the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that: first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts neodymium iron boron amorphous pipe; According to the size of amorphous pipe needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling cast tube base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould; Accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
A kind of method preparing the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that: first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts the non-crystal bar of neodymium iron boron; According to the size of non-crystal bar base needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling casting rod base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould; Accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
A kind of method preparing the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that: first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts neodymium iron boron amorphous sheet; According to the size of amorphous sheet base needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling slab base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould; Accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable superiority:
1. compare with neodymium iron boron sintered powder technique, the dimensional accuracy of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method is high, tolerance is less than ± 0.09mm, and the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method need not increase Linear cut operation, also need not increase grinding process, saves rare earth resources;
2. compare with neodymium iron boron hot-pressing thermal deformation technology, the dimensional accuracy of the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method is high, tolerance is less than ± 0.09mm, and the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method need not increase Linear cut operation, also need not increase grinding process, saves rare earth resources;
3. compare with neodymium iron boron powder bonding technology, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method also has the high feature of dimensional accuracy, but do not comprise macromolecular material, what the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet prepared by the inventive method there will not be bonded permanent magnet to occur in working temperature agingly causes structural failure problem.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Neodymium iron boron composition is Nd
9fe
73ti
4c
2b
12first alloyage, first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then in conjunction with circulating cooling overheated method, alloy melt is obtained by magnetic levitation melting and stablize high undercooling degree, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C, is incubated 30 seconds, then adopt metal pattern to inhale immediately and cast neodymium iron boron amorphous pipe, tube wall 0.5mm is thick; According to the size of amorphous pipe needed for permanent magnetic ring volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling cast tube base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heats and is incubated 240 seconds, then with 8X10 at 603 DEG C
-4/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet ring of amorphous, then moves back mould; At 673 DEG C, accurate for amorphous magnet ring is incubated 10 points, obtain accurate permanent magnetic ring, magnet ring is of a size of external diameter 12mm, internal diameter 11mm, high 3mm; The inside/outside diameter size tolerance of permanent-magnetic clamp is ± 0.08mm.
Embodiment 2
(Nd
0.75pr
0.25)
9fe
70ti
3nb
3c
2b
13preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, crossing thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1700 DEG C, is incubated 30 seconds, then adopt metal pattern to inhale immediately and cast the non-crystal bar of neodymium iron boron, excellent diameter 1.1mm; According to the size of non-crystal bar needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling casting rod base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heats and is incubated 30 seconds, then with 1X10 the temperature range of 672 DEG C
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into amorphous magnet, then moves back mould; At 784 DEG C, amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point, obtains accurate permanent magnet, this magnet is hexagonal cylinder, high 3mm, size 5mm between two post parallel surfaces; The dimensional tolerance of accurate permanent magnet is ± 0.05mm.
Embodiment 3
(Nd
0.9dy
0.1)
9fe
70ti
3nb
3c
2b
13preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, crossing thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1650 DEG C, is incubated 60 seconds, then adopt metal pattern to inhale immediately and cast neodymium iron boron amorphous sheet, sheet thickness is 1.2mm; According to the size of amorphous sheet needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, put into mould, first vacuum 10 by inhaling slab base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heats and is incubated 70 seconds, then with 5X10 the temperature range of 650 DEG C
-4/ s rate of deformation is pressed into amorphous magnet, then moves back mould; At 765 DEG C, amorphous magnet is incubated 3 points, obtains accurate permanent magnet 3mmX4mmX10mm, the dimensional tolerance of accurate permanent magnet is ± 0.05mm.
Claims (3)
1. prepare the method for the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron for one kind, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that:
1) first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts neodymium iron boron amorphous pipe;
2) according to the size of amorphous pipe needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, mould is put into, first vacuum 10 by inhaling cast tube base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould;
3) accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
2. prepare the method for the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron for one kind, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that:
1) first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts the non-crystal bar of neodymium iron boron;
2) according to the size of non-crystal bar base needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, mould is put into, first vacuum 10 by inhaling casting rod base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould;
3) accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
3. prepare the method for the accurate permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron for one kind, preparation is melting neodymium iron boron cast ingot also, cross thermal molten glass purification method by circulating cooling, magnetic levitation melting makes alloy melt acquisition stablize high undercooling degree in conjunction with at least one method in the overheated method of circulating cooling, neodymium iron boron cast ingot melting holding temperature is 1300 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C, it is characterized in that:
1) first vacuum 10
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, and neodymium iron boron cast ingot is heated to smelting temperature and is incubated 30 seconds ~ 120 seconds, then adopts metal pattern to inhale immediately and casts neodymium iron boron amorphous sheet;
2) according to the size of amorphous sheet base needed for accurate permanent magnet volume computing, mould is put into, first vacuum 10 by inhaling slab base by the amorphous calculating blanking
-3pa ~ 10
-2pa is argon filling again, then heating be incubated 30 seconds ~ 240 seconds, then with 8X10 equaling to be greater than 603 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 673 DEG C
-4/ s ~ 1X10
-3/ s rate of deformation is pressed into the accurate magnet of amorphous, then moves back mould;
3) accurate for amorphous magnet is incubated 1 point ~ 10 points equaling to be greater than in 673 DEG C of temperature ranges being less than 785 DEG C, obtains accurate permanent magnet.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109003801A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of the NbFeB sintered permanent magnet of high-coercive force |
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| JPH05131265A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-05-28 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Pipe joint and production thereof |
| JPH105974A (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Production of cast iron gear |
| WO2004106575A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-09 | Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology | Cu-based amorphous alloy composition |
| CN101117693A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2008-02-06 | 上海大学 | FeZrNdYB nano block alloy having hard magnetism and method for preparing same |
| CN101121997A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2008-02-13 | 上海大学 | FeZrYB series massive amorphous alloy with excellent soft magnetic property and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844219A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-09-29 | 宁波大学 | A kind of preparation method of block nanometer composite R-Fe-B-M permanent-magnet material |
| CN102534434A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Ce-based amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-01-04 CN CN201610012371.0A patent/CN105448514B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05131265A (en) * | 1991-11-08 | 1993-05-28 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Pipe joint and production thereof |
| JPH105974A (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Production of cast iron gear |
| WO2004106575A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-09 | Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology | Cu-based amorphous alloy composition |
| CN101117693A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2008-02-06 | 上海大学 | FeZrNdYB nano block alloy having hard magnetism and method for preparing same |
| CN101121997A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2008-02-13 | 上海大学 | FeZrYB series massive amorphous alloy with excellent soft magnetic property and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844219A (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2010-09-29 | 宁波大学 | A kind of preparation method of block nanometer composite R-Fe-B-M permanent-magnet material |
| CN102534434A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Ce-based amorphous alloy and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109003801A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-14 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of the NbFeB sintered permanent magnet of high-coercive force |
| CN109003801B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-11-10 | 江苏师范大学 | Preparation method of high-coercivity neodymium-iron-boron sintered permanent magnet |
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Effective date of registration: 20201228 Address after: 313000 room 1020, science and Technology Pioneer Park, 666 Chaoyang Road, Nanxun Town, Nanxun District, Huzhou, Zhejiang. Patentee after: Huzhou You Yan Intellectual Property Service Co.,Ltd. Address before: 8188 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Ningbo University Effective date of registration: 20201228 Address after: 315100 Dijiang village, Yunlong Town, Yinzhou District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: NINGBO YIZAN MAGNETIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: 313000 room 1020, science and Technology Pioneer Park, 666 Chaoyang Road, Nanxun Town, Nanxun District, Huzhou, Zhejiang. Patentee before: Huzhou You Yan Intellectual Property Service Co.,Ltd. |
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