CN105448357B - Containment cooling system of floating nuclear power station - Google Patents
Containment cooling system of floating nuclear power station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105448357B CN105448357B CN201610003799.9A CN201610003799A CN105448357B CN 105448357 B CN105448357 B CN 105448357B CN 201610003799 A CN201610003799 A CN 201610003799A CN 105448357 B CN105448357 B CN 105448357B
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- Prior art keywords
- containment
- cooling
- cooling system
- line
- seawater
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
- G21C15/182—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat comprising powered means, e.g. pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The containment cooling system of the floating nuclear power station provided by the invention comprises: the containment cooling system comprises a containment, an enclosure arranged outside the containment, and a cooling cavity formed between the enclosure and the containment, wherein the cooling system utilizes a siphon phenomenon to introduce seawater into the cooling cavity to cool the containment. The invention takes seawater as cooling water and takes the atmosphere as a final heat trap, and utilizes the siphon phenomenon to introduce the seawater into the cooling cavity to cool the containment, thereby ensuring that the containment is not over-pressurized, maintaining the integrity of the containment, and having the advantages of simplicity and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a safety protection system of a floating nuclear power station, in particular to a containment cooling system.
Background
When a water loss accident or a steam pipeline rupture accident occurs in a containment, the traditional pressurized water reactor utilizes a containment spraying system to discharge heat in the containment, so that the pressure and the temperature of the containment are reduced, and the integrity of the containment is maintained. In the event of the above-mentioned accident, the third generation passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant uses a steel containment vessel as a heat transfer surface, and steam condenses on the inner surface of the containment vessel and heats the inner surface, and then transfers heat to the steel vessel by heat conduction. The heated steel shell outer surface is cooled by water and air through heat transfer mechanisms such as convection, radiation, evaporation and the like. The water is provided by the water tank at the top of the containment, heat is carried out through natural circulation air in the form of sensible heat and water vapor, air from the environment enters through a normally open runner and rises along the outer wall of the containment, and finally the air returns to the environment through a high-position exhaust port, so that the purpose of taking away the heat in the containment is realized.
In a containment cooling system of a third generation passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the capacity of a containment top tank is limited. For a floating nuclear power plant at sea, sea water is inexhaustible. The sea floating nuclear power station can use sea water as cooling water, and if a containment cooling system with a long-term cooling function can be designed, heat can be discharged into the atmosphere, so that the safety protection system of the floating nuclear power station is safer and more reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a containment cooling system for cooling a containment by introducing seawater into a cooling cavity through a siphon phenomenon.
The containment cooling system of the floating nuclear power station comprises a containment, a cladding arranged outside the containment, and a cooling cavity formed between the cladding and the containment, wherein the cooling system utilizes a siphon phenomenon to introduce seawater into the cooling cavity to cool the containment; wherein a siphon pipeline is arranged between the seawater and the cooling chamber; wherein an exhaust line is provided between the cooling chamber and the atmosphere; a cooling water header pipe, a cooling water injection pipe and a vacuumizing device are also arranged in the cooling cavity; when an accident occurs and the containment is required to serve as a final heat trap, driving seawater to flow into the siphon pipeline through a vacuum ejector in the vacuumizing device and be distributed into the cooling water injection pipe through the cooling water header pipe, so that the seawater flows to the surface of the containment and keeps the containment submerged, converting the seawater into steam through heat exchange to take away heat in the containment, and finally discharging the heat to the atmosphere through the steam discharge pipeline; wherein the cooling water header is disposed at the vacuum ejector outlet and the cooling water injection pipes are circumferentially arranged around the containment so that seawater flows to the containment surface and maintains the containment submerged at a depth; wherein the exhaust steam line is arranged at the top of the cooling chamber; wherein the cooling system further comprises a drain line and a drain pump, which are arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber, for draining the seawater in the cooling chamber when the containment cooling system is not required to operate; the vacuumizing device further comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder as driving gas.
Preferably, the cooling system further comprises: a siphon break valve provided on a siphon break line connected to the siphon pipe; a driving gas isolation valve provided on a driving gas line connected to the high pressure gas cylinder; and a drain line isolation valve disposed on the drain line.
Preferably, the drain line comprises a drain inlet line and a drain outlet line, and the drain inlet line, the drain line isolation valve, the drain pump and the drain outlet line are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the high-pressure gas cylinder, the driving gas check valve, the driving gas isolation valve, the driving gas pipeline and the vacuum ejector are sequentially connected.
Preferably, a filter screen is provided at the inlet of the siphon tube.
Preferably, the cooling system comprises at least two siphon loops.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the shell is designed outside the containment, the cooling cavity is formed between the shell and the containment, the sea water is used as cooling water and the atmosphere is used as a final heat sink through the arrangement of the cooling cavity, the sea water is introduced into the cooling cavity to cool the containment by utilizing the siphoning phenomenon, the containment is ensured not to be over-pressurized, the integrity of the containment is maintained, and the containment has the advantages of simplicity and reliability.
2. A siphon pipeline is arranged between the seawater and the cooling chamber, and the vacuum pumping device drives the seawater to flow into the siphon pipe, so that the leakage of the seawater caused by the opening below the sea level can be avoided.
3. A cooling water header and cooling water injection tubes arranged circumferentially around the containment are provided, through which cooling water is distributed into the circumferentially arranged cooling water injection tubes so that the cooling water flows to the containment surface and maintains the containment at a certain submerged depth.
4. Based on redundancy considerations, two siphon loops are provided for ensuring the usability of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a simplified flow diagram of a containment cooling system for a floating nuclear power plant.
FIG. 2 is a partial top view of a simplified flow diagram of a containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
For a clearer understanding of the present invention, a containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, taking the containment system as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the containment cooling system of the floating nuclear power plant according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a containment vessel 1, an enclosure 2 provided outside the containment vessel, and a cooling chamber 3 formed between the enclosure 1 and the containment vessel 2, and cools the containment vessel 1 by introducing seawater into the cooling chamber 3 using a siphon phenomenon. The invention takes seawater as cooling water and takes the atmosphere as a final heat trap, and utilizes the siphon phenomenon to introduce the seawater into the cooling cavity to cool the containment, thereby ensuring that the containment is not over-pressurized, maintaining the integrity of the containment, and having the advantages of simplicity and reliability.
As shown in fig. 1, a siphon 5 is provided between the seawater and the cooling chamber to avoid leakage of the seawater from the openings below the level of the seawater. An exhaust line 15 is provided between the cooling chamber 3 and the atmosphere; a cooling water header 9, a cooling water injection pipe 10 and a vacuum pumping device are also arranged in the cooling chamber 3. When an accident occurs and the containment is required to serve as a final heat sink, the vacuum ejector 8 in the vacuumizing device drives seawater to flow into the siphon pipeline 5 and is distributed into the cooling water injection pipe 10 through the cooling water header 9, so that the seawater flows to the surface of the containment 1 and keeps the containment 1 submerged, the seawater is converted into steam through heat exchange to take away heat in the containment, and finally the heat is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust pipeline 15.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cooling water header 9 is provided at the vacuum ejector outlet; wherein the cooling water injection pipes 10 are circumferentially arranged around the containment vessel 1 so that seawater flows to the surface of the containment vessel 1 and the containment vessel 1 is maintained submerged. For example, the cooling water headers 9 are circumferentially arranged around the containment vessel 1, and the cooling water injection pipes 10 are circumferentially uniformly arranged on the cooling water headers 9 to achieve injection of the cooling water into the containment vessel 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust steam line is disposed at the top of the cooling chamber; the cooling system further comprises a drain line and a drain pump 18 arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber 3 for draining the sea water in the cooling chamber 3 when the containment cooling system is not required to operate.
As shown in fig. 1, the vacuum pumping apparatus further includes a high pressure gas cylinder 14 as a driving gas.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the cooling system further comprises: a siphon break valve 7 provided on the siphon break line 6 connected to the siphon pipe 5; a driving gas isolation valve 12 provided on a driving gas line 11 connected to the high pressure gas cylinder; and a drain line isolation valve 17 provided on the drain line. The containment cooling system of the floating nuclear power station is arranged in the baffle plate of the floating nuclear power station, when the power station operates normally, the containment system is in a standby state, the siphon break valve 7 is closed, the driving gas isolation valve 12 is closed, the drain pipeline isolation valve 17 is closed, and the cooling chamber 3 is communicated with the atmosphere.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrophobic lines include a hydrophobic inlet line 16 and a hydrophobic outlet line 19. Wherein the drain inlet line 16, the drain line isolation valve 17, the drain pump 18 and the drain outlet line 19 are connected in sequence. When the containment cooling system is not required to operate, the siphon break valve 7 can be opened to terminate the flow of seawater into the cooling chamber 3, the drain line isolation valve 17 is opened, and the seawater is discharged through the drain outlet line 19 by the drain pump 18.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the high-pressure gas cylinder 14, the driving gas check valve 13, the driving gas isolation valve 12, and the driving gas line 11 are connected in order to the vacuum ejector 8.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a screen 4 is provided at the inlet of the siphon 5.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when an accident occurs and the containment system is required as a final heat trap, the driving gas isolation valve 12 is opened, the gas in the high pressure gas cylinder 14 enters the vacuum ejector 8 through the driving gas line 11, the air in the siphon 5 is drawn out, a pressure difference is formed between the seawater and the siphon 5, so that the seawater enters the siphon 5 through the siphon inlet screen 4, enters the cooling water header 9 through the vacuum ejector 8, and flows to the containment surface through the cooling water injection pipe 10 to absorb heat, finally maintaining the submerged height of the seawater in the cooling chamber. The seawater is converted into steam after absorbing heat, and the steam is discharged into the atmosphere through a steam discharge pipeline 15, so that heat in the containment is taken away.
Preferably, the cooling system comprises at least two siphon loops, where the design of the at least two siphon loops is based on redundancy considerations for ensuring usability of the system. Wherein 4-8, 10-14 are the pipelines and equipment of siphon loop 1, 4 '-8', 10 '-14' are the pipelines and equipment of siphon loop 2, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the marks of siphon loop 1.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the above-described construction and operation is equally applicable to the corresponding lines and equipment of siphon loop 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, the shell is designed outside the containment, the cooling cavity is formed between the shell and the containment, the sea water is used as cooling water and the atmosphere is used as a final heat sink through the arrangement of the cooling cavity, the sea water is introduced into the cooling cavity to cool the containment by utilizing the siphoning phenomenon, the containment is ensured not to be over-pressurized, the integrity of the containment is maintained, and the containment has the advantages of simplicity and reliability.
2. A siphon pipeline is arranged between the seawater and the cooling chamber, and the vacuum pumping device drives the seawater to flow into the siphon pipe, so that the leakage of the seawater caused by the opening below the sea level can be avoided.
3. A cooling water header and cooling water injection tubes arranged circumferentially around the containment are provided, through which cooling water is distributed into the circumferentially arranged cooling water injection tubes so that the cooling water flows to the containment surface and maintains the containment at a certain submerged depth.
Based on redundancy considerations, two siphon loops are provided for ensuring the usability of the system.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because of corresponding to the method disclosed in the embodiment, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality using different approaches for each particular application, but such implementation is not intended to be limiting.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant, characterized in that the cooling system comprises a containment, an enclosure arranged outside the containment, and a cooling chamber formed between the enclosure and the containment, the cooling system utilizing a siphon phenomenon to introduce seawater into the cooling chamber to cool the containment;
Wherein a steam exhaust pipeline is arranged between the cooling chamber and the atmosphere;
A cooling water header pipe, a cooling water injection pipe and a vacuumizing device are also arranged in the cooling cavity;
when an accident occurs and the containment is required to serve as a final heat sink, driving seawater to flow into a siphon pipeline through a vacuum ejector in the vacuumizing device and be distributed into the cooling water injection pipe through the cooling water header pipe, so that the seawater flows to the surface of the containment and keeps the containment submerged, converting the seawater into steam through heat exchange to take away heat in the containment, and finally discharging the heat to the atmosphere through a steam discharge pipeline;
wherein the cooling water header is disposed at the vacuum ejector outlet and the cooling water injection pipes are circumferentially arranged around the containment so that seawater flows to the containment surface and maintains the containment submerged at a depth;
wherein the exhaust steam line is arranged at the top of the cooling chamber;
wherein the cooling system further comprises a drain line and a drain pump, which are arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber, for draining the seawater in the cooling chamber when the containment cooling system is not required to operate;
the vacuumizing device further comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder as driving gas.
2. The containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant of claim 1 wherein the cooling system further comprises: a siphon break valve provided on a siphon break line connected to the siphon pipe; a driving gas isolation valve provided on a driving gas line connected to the high pressure gas cylinder; and a drain line isolation valve disposed on the drain line.
3. The containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant of claim 2 wherein the hydrophobic line comprises a hydrophobic inlet line and a hydrophobic outlet line, the hydrophobic inlet line, hydrophobic line isolation valve, hydrophobic pump, and hydrophobic outlet line being connected in sequence.
4. The containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant of claim 2 wherein the high pressure gas cylinder, the drive gas check valve, the drive gas isolation valve, the drive gas line are connected in sequence with the vacuum ejector.
5. The containment cooling system of a floating nuclear power plant as recited in claim 1, wherein a screen is provided at the siphon inlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610003799.9A CN105448357B (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Containment cooling system of floating nuclear power station |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610003799.9A CN105448357B (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Containment cooling system of floating nuclear power station |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105448357A CN105448357A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN105448357B true CN105448357B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610003799.9A Active CN105448357B (en) | 2016-01-04 | 2016-01-04 | Containment cooling system of floating nuclear power station |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105825899A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-03 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Containment cooling system of nuclear power station |
| CN106875988A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-20 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Band has surplus heat the ocean reactor system platform of remover |
| CN111446013A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-24 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Marine environment secondary side passive waste heat removal system and use method |
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| CN105448357A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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