CN105446052B - Infrared band laser light source cascades the Non-linear coupling method of efficient frequency conversion three times in realization - Google Patents
Infrared band laser light source cascades the Non-linear coupling method of efficient frequency conversion three times in realization Download PDFInfo
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- CN105446052B CN105446052B CN201510933516.6A CN201510933516A CN105446052B CN 105446052 B CN105446052 B CN 105446052B CN 201510933516 A CN201510933516 A CN 201510933516A CN 105446052 B CN105446052 B CN 105446052B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
- G02F1/3551—Crystals
Abstract
The invention discloses the Non-linear coupling method that infrared band laser light source in a kind of realize cascades efficient frequency conversion three times, the selection including (1) laser light source and PPLN crystal；(2) PPLN crystal is handled, realize the quasi-phase matched that light wave transmits in PPLN crystal: (3) set the positive and negative farmland width of PPLN crystal, realize constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34Modulation: (4) stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34The modulation of Gaussian form；(5) conversion process of light wave realizes conversion of the signal optical source to middle infrared band wavelength.This method is able to solve the problem of design modulator approach of the stiffness of coupling of nonlinear cascade efficient frequency conversion three times and multiple quasi-phase matched, and can obtain the middle infrared band laser light source of great utility value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared band laser light sources in a kind of laser light source coupling process, in particular to a kind of realization three times
The Non-linear coupling method of efficient frequency conversion is cascaded, for generating the middle infrared band laser light of some great utility values
Source.
Background technique
2-5 μm of mid-infrared light source has important application always in many aspects, and obtains the master of mid-infrared light source at present
Wanting method is exactly the frequency conversion of nonlinear optics, such as OPO, difference frequency conversion etc..
Nonlinear optics plays the part of important role in frequency conversion and the new radiating light source field of acquisition.It is wavelength converting into
The two-beam of Cheng Zhong, different frequency are incident in nonlinear dielectrics, can be with frequency multiplication (SHG), mixing and cascade form
Generate three-beam.It is all very sensitive in nonlinear crystal firing angle degree, temperature and other Tuning mechanisms.Therefore it is difficult in reality
It realizes efficient frequency translation, in order to realize efficient frequency conversion, needs to meet phase-matching condition, the condition is to incident light
Frequency, incidence angle have very high requirement.
Haim professor Suchowski in 2008 is theoretical by " Adiabatic Evolution " for the first time to use for reference from Atomic Physics field to non-thread
In property optics.He by analogy atom layout in Adiabatic Fast Passage (RAP) method, propose one kind can with obtained in frequency
The adiabatic scheme of high efficiency energy conversion and big bandwidth response, and give its corresponding adiabatic condition.This method is not
It only can solve the transition problem between broadband light field, moreover it is possible to while obtaining almost complete conversion.
Then, Gil Porat et al. gives two three wave mixing processes simultaneously based on the dark-state theory in insulation theory
The theory analysis of generation, and modulate crystal experimentally using quasi-phase matching and realize conversion process on laser, it should
Realize intimate 100% frequency translation.In realizing two cascade methods, the coefficient of coup of nonlinear crystal is only needed
Meet anti-intuitive sequence and adiabatic condition, since the coefficient of coup that three or more cascade processes are related to is more, modulation
Sequence also with two cascade differences.All nobody provides triple or multiple cascade nonlinear crystal coupled systemes all the time
Number modulator approach.
It is ω that cascade process, which is frequency, three times1It is ω with frequencyp1Pump light occur first time three wave mixing generate frequency
For ω2Light, then frequency be ω2Light and pump light ωp2Second of three wave mixing occurs to generate frequency to be ω3Light, frequency
For ω3Light and pump light ωp3Third time cascade occurs to generate frequency to be ω4Output light.
Fig. 1 is the process of three difference frequencies (DFG).
In the case where plane wave pumps lossless approximate situation, frequency is ω in cascade process three times1, ω2, ω3, ω4The vibration of light
Width meets following equation
Here
Whereinψj(j=1,2,3,4) is light amplitude,
κ12=[χ(2)(ω1,ωp1,ω2)ω1 2/k1c2][Re(ψp1)+i Im(ψp1)],
κ23=[χ(2)(ω1,ωp1,ω2)ω1 2/k1c2][Re(ψp1)+i Im(ψp1)], κ34=[χ(2)(ω1,ωp1,ω2)
ω1 2/k1c2][Re(ψp1)+i Im(ψp1)]
κij=(ωi 2kj/ωj 2ki)κji *(i, j=1,2,3,4, i ≠ j) be it is each during stiffness of coupling,
Δk1=k1―kp1―k2, Δ k2=k1―kp2―k2 andΔk3=k1―kp3―k2Be it is each during phase
Mismatch, kj=nj(ωj)ωj/ c is wave number.
Under the conditions of quasi-phase matched, that is, Δ k1=Δ k2=Δ k3=0, when stiffness of coupling meets
κ12=κ1exp(-(z-L/2-s)2/w1 2)
κ23=κ1
κ34=κ0exp(-(z-L/2+s)2/w1 2)
κ0, κ1For coupling constant, s determines the position of coupling maximum and determines the sequence i.e. converse value sight sequence of coupling, w1
It determines and the position of couple variations rate, L is the length of crystal.κ0< < κ1When, we can be achieved with efficiently converting, and multiple
The adjusting of quasi-phase matched and stiffness of coupling can be realized by the design of crystal.
Multiple quasi-phase matching is to realize multiple quasi-phase matched by design optical superlattice optical grating construction,
It needs to design specific domain inversion structures on same crystal, comes while realizing multiple quasi-phase matched processes.
No periodic optical superlattice is the superlattice structure of not fixed cycle a kind of, it is that small farmland is wide with certain rule
It is built-up.The structure can provide multiple reciprocal lattice vectors in same crystal, to realize multiple conversion process simultaneously.If can mention
For the coefficient of coup appropriate, transfer efficiency can be made to greatly improve.In structured design process, each structure is all tied with one
Structure function is corresponding, and when structure function is decided, the structure of superlattices is also just determined simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide infrared band laser light sources in a kind of realize to cascade the non-of efficient frequency conversion three times
Linear coupling method, this method are able to solve the design modulator approach of the stiffness of coupling of nonlinear cascade efficient frequency conversion three times
The problem of with multiple quasi-phase matched, and the middle infrared band laser light source of great utility value can be obtained.
What above-mentioned purpose of the invention was realized by following technical solution: infrared band laser light source three in a kind of realization
The Non-linear coupling method of secondary cascade efficient frequency conversion, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of laser light source and PPLN crystal；
(2) PPLN crystal is handled, realizes the quasi-phase matched that light wave transmits in PPLN crystal:
(3) the positive and negative farmland width for setting PPLN crystal, realizes constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34Modulation:
(4) stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34The modulation of Gaussian form；
(5) conversion process of light wave realizes conversion of the signal optical source to middle infrared band wavelength.
In the present invention, detailed process is as follows for the step (1):
Four laser light sources are chosen, they are respectively as follows:
Signal optical source frequency is ω1, wavelength 605nm, light intensity 100MW/cm2,
1 frequency of pump light source is ωp1, wavelength 1550nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2,
2 frequency of pump light source is ωp2, wavelength 2700nm, light intensity 20GW/cm2,
3 frequency of pump light source is ωp3, wavelength 2900nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2,
The PPLN crystal of 3.5cm is chosen,
Detailed process is as follows for the step (2):
Three phase mismatch are Δ k first1, Δ k2, Δ k3, set three polarization cycle Λ1=l1+l2, Λ2=l1'+
l2', Λ3=l "1+l″2, wherein l1, l1', l1" be positive farmland width, l2, l2', l2" it is reversion farmland width then in PPLN crystal
Polarization cycle length is set as Λ in design1=Δ k1, Λ2=Δ k2, Λ3=Δ k3, then three polarization cycles are ined succession to be weighed again
It is multiple that until PPLN crystal reaches 3.5cm, then phase matched is just met,
Detailed process is as follows for the step (3):
Modulate constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34, s is set as 5mm, W1It is set as three couplings of 9mm simulation
Close intensity κ12, κ23, κ34It is respectively as follows:
κ23=κ1
κ1> > κ0
κ1, it is the κ with light0Frequency and intensity, refractive index and the relevant parameter of nonlinear factor are controlled by pumping light intensity
κ processed1> > κ0, ωp1Light intensity be equal to ωp3, ωp2Intensity control in ωp114 to 22 times of light intensity between, to meet κ1
> > κ0Condition,
Detailed process is as follows for the step (4):
Condition required for meeting stiffness of coupling is made to control effective nonlinear coefficient using different positive farmland width, it is fixed
JusticeFor duty ratio, D1, D2And D3Each process effective nonlinear coefficient amplitude size is decide, to control coupling
Intensity, for D inside each polarization cycleiAll be it is different, set each duty ratio as D1By 0.5 to 1 slow gradual change, i.e.,
l1By Λ1/ 2 are gradient to Λ1,
D2It is always 1, D3By 0.6 to 1, then slow gradual change, i.e. l from 0.6 to 0.51" by 3 Λ3/ 5 are gradient to Λ3Again by 3
Λ3/ 5 are gradient to Λ3, stiffness of coupling required for three stiffness of couplings meet after modulation,
Detailed process is as follows for the step (5):
Three pump lights and input signal light pass through PPLN crystal simultaneously, and pump light 1 and input signal light are in PPLN crystal
In pass through stiffness of coupling κ12The light wave that difference frequency generation wavelength is 1000nm, the light wave and pump light of the 1000nm then generated occurs
2 pass through stiffness of coupling κ23The light wave that second of generation difference frequency generation wavelength is 1640nm, finally by the light of 1640nm and pump light 3
Pass through stiffness of coupling κ34The light that third time difference frequency generates 3800nm occurs, three processes are all simultaneous；
The conversion of cascade three times from wavelength 607nm to middle infrared wavelength 3800nm is realized through the above steps.
According to stiffness of coupling modulator approach proposed by the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, stiffness of coupling κ12And κ34Meet anti-intuitive
Sequence, κ23It is a constant, and κ23> > κ12,κ34, we term it constant formula " leap " coupling modulations.This modulation methods
Method extends in the coefficient of coup modulation of multiple cascade processes, only need in the case where meeting anti-intuitive sequence so that in
Between the coefficient of coup be constant, and numerical value much larger than head and the tail two coefficients of coup peak value.
We realize the phase matched in triple cascade processes with the method for no periodic optical superlattice.In the pole of crystal
Change in modulation, using no periodic optical superlattice method, finally obtain the modulation of second order nonlinear coefficient needs to obtain us
The stiffness of coupling wanted.
Detailed description of the invention
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is cascade schematic diagram three times of the invention；
Fig. 2 is stiffness of coupling schematic diagram of the invention, wherein abscissa is crystal length, and ordinate is opposing coupler value,
Curved solid line indicates κ34, curved dotted line expression κ12, straight line expression κ23；
Fig. 3 is crystal structure schematic diagram of the invention, the entire a length of 3.5cm of crystal, the positive farmland of white representative, the generation of black
The negative farmland of table, the coefficient of coup according to required for us can calculate the width on each section of positive farmland；
Fig. 4 is the comparison diagram for the light intensity that the light intensity for actually entering light and theoretical modeling of the invention obtain, and abscissa is crystalline substance
Body length, ordinate are light intensity, wherein solid line is the light intensity of input light, and dotted line is that the present invention simulates obtained light intensity.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of realize in infrared band laser light source cascade three times efficient frequency conversion Non-linear coupling side
Method is realized the efficiently cascade conversion three times of the infrared 3800nm in from wavelength 607nm by PPLN crystal, cascades schematic diagram three times
As shown in Figure 1, specific step is as follows for the coupling process:
Four laser light sources are chosen, they are respectively as follows:
Signal optical source frequency is ω1, wavelength 605nm, light intensity 100MW/cm2。
1 frequency of pump light source is ωp1, wavelength 1550nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2。
2 frequency of pump light source is ωp2, wavelength 2700nm, light intensity 20GW/cm2。
3 frequency of pump light source is ωp3, wavelength 2900nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2。
Choose the PPLN crystal of 3.5cm.
Only carrying out processing to crystal realizes light wave in the quasi-phase matched wherein transmitted.Three phase mismatch are Δ first
k1, Δ k2, Δ k3, then we first set three polarization cycle Λ1=l1+l2, Λ2=l1'+l2', Λ3=l "1+l″2.Wherein,
l1, l1', l1" be positive farmland width, l2, l2', l2" it is reversion farmland width, reversion farmland is exactly to make periodical poling with electropolarized method, just
The size of farmland width by determining in next step.Then in crystal design polarization cycle length we design Λ1=Δ k1, Λ2=Δ
k2And Λ3=Δ k3, as shown in figure 3, three polarization cycles of crystal structure schematic diagram are ined succession and then are repeated until crystal reaches
3.5cm.So phase matched is just met.
The positive and negative farmland width for designing crystal realizes constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling
Constant formula crosses over stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34Modulation as shown in Fig. 2, when three stiffness of couplings meet such as Fig. 2 institute
It can be achieved with Efficient Conversion when the specification shown, the stiffness of coupling of our simulations of the attribute of the light wave according to selected by us are as follows: s setting
For 5mm.W1It is set as 9mm
So stiffness of coupling is
κ23=κ1
κ1> > κ0
κ1, it is the κ with light0Frequency and intensity, refractive index and the relevant parameter of nonlinear factor.We with pumping light intensity come
Control κ1> > κ0, ωp1Light intensity be equal to ωp3, ωp2Intensity control in ωp114 to 22 times of light intensity between thus can
Meet κ1> > κ0Condition.It is 18 times in the present embodiment.
The modulation of stiffness of coupling Gaussian form.We are made using different positive farmland width to control effective nonlinear coefficient
Meet condition required for stiffness of coupling.We defineFor duty ratio, D1, D2And D3Decide that each process is effectively non-
Linear coefficient amplitude size, to control stiffness of coupling.For D inside each polarization cycleiIt is all different.We institute
Each duty ratio of design is D1By 0.5 to 1 slow gradual change, i.e. l1By Λ1/ 2 are gradient to Λ1。
D2It is always 1.
D3By 0.6 to 1, then slow gradual change, i.e. l from 0.6 to 0.51" by 3 Λ3/ 5 are gradient to Λ3Again by 3 Λ3/ 5 are gradient to
Λ3.Three stiffness of coupling approximations meet stiffness of coupling required for us after such modulation.
The conversion process of light wave.Three pump lights and input signal light pass through crystal, pump light 1 and input signal light simultaneously
Pass through stiffness of coupling κ in crystal12Occur difference frequency generation wavelength be 1000nm light wave, the light wave of the 1000nm then generated with
Pump light 2 passes through stiffness of coupling κ23Second occurs the light wave that difference frequency generation wavelength is 1640nm, finally by the light of 1640nm with
Pump light 3 passes through stiffness of coupling κ34The light that third time difference frequency generates 3800nm occurs.3 processes are all simultaneous.Pass through
The signal light of this process input is fully converted to the output light of 3800nm.
This method is realized from the cascade three times of wavelength 607nm infrared 3800nm in by PPLN crystal and is converted, practical defeated
Enter the light intensity of light and the comparison diagram of light intensity that theoretical modeling obtains as shown in figure 4, in Fig. 4, solid line ω1Light intensity with crystal
The transformation of length, dotted line are frequencies omega4Light intensity change with time.
The implementation of the present invention is not limited to this, all this kind above content according to the present invention, according to the general of this field
Logical technological know-how and customary means do above structure of the present invention under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention
Modification, replacement or the change of other diversified forms out, should all fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of realize in infrared band laser light source cascade the Non-linear coupling method of efficient frequency conversion three times, feature exists
In this method comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of laser light source and PPLN crystal
Detailed process is as follows for the step (1):
Four laser light sources are chosen, they are respectively as follows:
Signal optical source frequency is ω1, wavelength 605nm, light intensity 100MW/cm2,
1 frequency of pump light source is ωp1, wavelength 1550nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2,
2 frequency of pump light source is ωp2, wavelength 2700nm, light intensity 20GW/cm2,
3 frequency of pump light source is ωp3, wavelength 2900nm, light intensity 2GW/cm2,
Choose the PPLN crystal of 3.5cm；
(2) PPLN crystal is handled, realizes the quasi-phase matched that light wave transmits in PPLN crystal
Detailed process is as follows for the step (2):
Three phase mismatch are Δ k first1, Δ k2, Δ k3, set three polarization cycle Λ1=l1+l2, Λ2=l1'+l2', Λ3
=l "1+l″2, wherein l1, l1', l1" be positive farmland width, l2, l2', l2" for reversion farmland width and then the pole in PPLN crystal design
Change cycle length and is set as Λ1=Δ k1, Λ2=Δ k2, Λ3=Δ k3, three polarization cycles in succession then repeat until
PPLN crystal reaches 3.5cm, then phase matched is just met；
(3) the positive and negative farmland width for setting PPLN crystal, realizes constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34Modulation
Detailed process is as follows for the step (3):
Modulate constant formula great-leap-forward stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34, s is set as 5mm, W1It is set as three stiffness of couplings of 9mm simulation
κ12, κ23, κ34It is respectively as follows:
κ23=κ1
κ1> > κ0
κ1, it is the κ with light0Frequency and intensity, refractive index and the relevant parameter of nonlinear factor control κ by pumping light intensity1
> > κ0, ωp1Light intensity be equal to ωp3, ωp2Intensity control in ωp114 to 22 times of light intensity between, to meet κ1>
> κ0Condition；
(4) stiffness of coupling κ12, κ23, κ34The modulation of Gaussian form
Detailed process is as follows for the step (4):
Effective nonlinear coefficient is controlled using different positive farmland width and makes condition required for meeting stiffness of coupling, is definedFor duty ratio, D1, D2And D3Each process effective nonlinear coefficient amplitude size is decide, so that it is strong to control coupling
Degree, for D inside each polarization cycleiAll be it is different, set each duty ratio as D1By 0.5 to 1 slow gradual change, i.e. l1
By Λ1/ 2 are gradient to Λ1,
D2It is always 1, D3By 0.6 to 1, then slow gradual change, i.e. l from 0.6 to 0.51" by 3 Λ3/ 5 are gradient to Λ3Again by 3 Λ3/5
It is gradient to Λ3, stiffness of coupling required for three stiffness of couplings meet after modulation；
(5) conversion process of light wave realizes conversion of the signal optical source to middle infrared band wavelength
Detailed process is as follows for the step (5):
Three pump lights and input signal light pass through PPLN crystal simultaneously, and pump light 1 and input signal light lead in PPLN crystal
Overcoupling intensity κ12The light wave that difference frequency generation wavelength is 1000nm occurs, the light wave and pump light 2 of the 1000nm then generated is logical
Overcoupling intensity κ23The light wave that second of generation difference frequency generation wavelength is 1640nm, is finally led to by the light of 1640nm and pump light 3
Overcoupling intensity κ34The light that third time difference frequency generates 3800nm occurs, three processes are all simultaneous；
The conversion of cascade three times from wavelength 607nm to middle infrared wavelength 3800nm is realized through the above steps.
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