CN105445833A - 3D imaging grating assembly and 3D display device - Google Patents
3D imaging grating assembly and 3D display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105445833A CN105445833A CN201410413836.4A CN201410413836A CN105445833A CN 105445833 A CN105445833 A CN 105445833A CN 201410413836 A CN201410413836 A CN 201410413836A CN 105445833 A CN105445833 A CN 105445833A
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Abstract
In order to solve a problem that a conventional light-splitting lens has a great thickness so as to be large in size and heavy in weight and unbeneficial to processing and installation, the embodiment of the invention provides a 3D imaging grating assembly and a 3D display device. The 3D imaging grating assembly comprises a light-splitting lens array grating and a collimating lens array grating. The width of each collimating lens is 1/N of the width of a pixel or sub-pixel of a display panel and the width of each light-splitting lens is M times the width of a viewpoint group on the display panel, wherein the N and the M are natural numbers. The 3D imaging grating assembly may decrease the thickness of the light-splitting lens array grating so as to be lower in thickness and weight. Thus, the 3D imaging grating assembly can be directly installed on the surface of the display panel in a full-clinging way, thereby being simplified in installation process. Further, the 3D imaging grating assembly is easy to process and suitable for batch production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D and show field, especially in 3D display, cylindrical lens formula (LC) 3D of application shows.
Background technology
Current 3D (i.e. 3Dimension, Chinese: three-dimensional) display technique can be divided into bore hole formula and spectacle two kinds.And bore hole formula 3D technology can be divided into lens array column, barrier fence type and point to light-source type three kinds, the principle of often kind of technology and imaging effect have certain difference.
Wherein, barrier fence type (English full name: ParallaxBarriers, Chinese also has translates into disparity barrier or parallax barrier), its principle and polarization type 3D comparatively similar, its principle arranges a grating in display panel front or rear, and this grating is provided with lighttight grid stroke between the transmissive slit of printing opacity and transmissive slit; These transmissive slits are wide tens microns, just define vertical slice grid pattern, be referred to as " parallax barrier " by their light.Under stereoscopic display mode, when the image should seen by left eye is presented on liquid crystal display, opaque striped can block right eye; In like manner, when the image should seen by right eye is presented on liquid crystal display, opaque striped can block left eye, by the viewable pictures of left eye and right eye being separated, make that the left-eye image on display panel enters right eye, eye image enters left eye, finally make onlooker obtain 3D imaging physiological psychological experiences.
Lens pillar (LenticularLens) technology is also referred to as biconvex lens or microtrabeculae lens 3D technology, and its maximum advantage is that its brightness can not be affected.The principle of lens pillar 3D technology is before LCDs, add last layer beam splitting lens array, such lens just can with different direction projections each pixel.So eyes, from different angles viewing display screen, just see different pixels.Because lens pillar can not stop backlight, therefore picture brightness can be ensured well.But still to play the same tune on different musical instruments with parallax barrier technology part, so resolution is still a more scabrous problem because its 3D shows ultimate principle.
Point to light-source type (DirectionalBacklight) 3D technology collocation LED (light emitting diode), coordinate rapid-action LCD grating and driving method, the right and left eyes allowing 3D content enter beholder in (sequential) mode that sorts exchanges image generation parallax, and then allows human eye experience 3D 3-D effect.
Be described above the principle of three kinds of bore hole formula 3D.Wherein, be shown as example to be applied in open air, out of doors in image display, outdoor 3D display technique has a wide range of applications scope, is included in outdoor advertising, outdoor display etc. in interior field.Outdoor 3D display technique utilizes the light splitting function of lens to form 3D display effect, and 3D display can make picture more true to nature, more attracts the notice of audient, thus reaches better advertising effect.
Then still there is certain problem in existing LED or LCD 3D display, because the display panel of 3D display is general larger, therefore LED electroluminescent lamp is generally adopted to be the display panel forming LED after array distribution in transverse direction, longitudinal direction, each LED electroluminescent lamp is namely as an image pixel (being also illuminating source), and this makes the display screen volume of general LED or LCD larger.Certainly, the volume of the display panel of some indoor large-scale 3D display device is also larger.
Outdoor viewing distance general (tens of rice and even 100 meter level scopes) comparatively far away, realize longer-distance 3D observing effect, and as shown in Figure 1, the transparent base that general employing is thicker is formed the mode of lens pillar, above-mentioned lens pillar becomes array arrangement.Or also can understand like this: the some parallel strip lens pillar 101 in Fig. 1 is arranged in array from left to right, form column lens array 10, wherein the bottom surface of column lens array 10 is flat surface 102, end face forms the semi-cylindrical 104 of some array distribution, and namely the cross-sectional upper part of this column lens array 10 is the shape of some semi-circular.The upper image of the display panel 12 below column lens array 10 is composited by left-eye image 121 and eye image 122, by point light action of this beam splitting lens array 10, delivers left-eye image, eye image to the eyes 14 of observer respectively.Namely respectively left-eye image 121 is projected to left eye, eye image 122 is projected to right eye.Adopt in this way, each pixel because of existing display panel is generally LED light emitting diode as illuminating source, the light that this LED electroluminescent lamp sends is diverging light, and this just needs display panel to be placed on the focal plane of beam splitting lens array, could realize the function of 3D display.
Therefore need between existing column lens array and the light-emitting area of display panel to retain certain intervals, spacing distance is generally similar to the focal length F of lens in column lens array, can calculate formula F=r/ (n-1) obtain by focal length.Wherein n is the refractive index of lens, and generally between 1.4 ~ 1.7, as can be seen from formula, when n determines, radius-of-curvature r is exactly the unique variable in formula, viewing distance and focal length F and refractive index n
1corresponding, for realizing suitable focal length, generally, rigidity or semi-rigid transparent optical material (as optical glass, PMMA, PE etc.) and surrounding can be adopted to have other material certain thickness and to assemble.This kind of scheme of dealing with problems of can yet be regarded as on small size display panel, but, if viewing distance will be made farther, certainly will will add larger radius of curvature r, such focal length also can be larger, therefore, on large scale display panel, the difficulty being realized 3D display by above method is also just increased.And outdoor viewing distance is general comparatively far away, more than at least 10 meters, therefore the thickness of its above-mentioned column lens array 10 is thicker, and which results in its volume very large, weight is very heavy, is unfavorable for processing and installs.
In addition, due under gravity, the center opposite edges of display panel can present etat lacunaire usually, and size is larger, and this effect is more obvious.Its solution is full laminating (together with namely beam splitting lens array fits tightly with panel surface), and rely on rigidity or semi-rigid medium to be difficult to realize full laminating, if entirely do not fitted, make grating and display screen not be or not all be on focal length everywhere.
Summary of the invention
For solve existing column lens array due to thickness larger, cause that volume is large, Heavy Weight, be unfavorable for processing and install, and existing column lens array is often attached on a rigidity or semirigid medium, and LCD or LED display panel are flexible or surface is not smooth entirely, be difficult to the problem of full laminating, embodiments provide a kind of 3D Imaging grating assembly and 3D display device.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of 3D Imaging grating assembly on the one hand, comprises beam splitting lens array grating and collimator lens array grating;
Described collimator lens array grating is provided with some collimation lenses in array distribution;
Described beam splitting lens array grating comprises some beam splitting lenses be arranged in array;
The width of described collimation lens is the 1/N of the pixel of display panel or the width of sub-pixel, and the width of described beam splitting lens is M times of the width of viewpoint group on described display panel; Wherein, described N, M are natural number.
The 3D Imaging grating assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, owing to comprising beam splitting lens array grating and collimator lens array grating.On the one hand, collimator lens array grating becomes the light that pixel each on display panel sends into collimated light, and on the other hand, beam splitting lens array grating plays inverted order between viewpoint and divides light action, images different so just in different directions, thus can see the imaging effect of 3D.In advance the diverging light that pixel each on display panel sends is become collimated light owing to adopting collimator lens array grating, therefore spacing between beam splitting lens array grating and collimation can be regulated arbitrarily, as long as the radius of beam splitting lens meets the requirement of viewing distance, the function of 3D display can be realized.So, can reduce the thickness of this beam splitting lens array grating, the thickness of 3D Imaging grating assembly is lower, reduces its weight, makes it can adopt the mode of laminating, is directly installed on the surface of display panel, because this simplify its mounting process.Meanwhile, adopt the 3D Imaging grating assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, its process is also comparatively simple, is applicable to producing in enormous quantities.
Preferably, the scope of described N is the span of 1 ~ 10, M is 1 ~ 4.
Preferably, between described collimator lens array grating and described beam splitting lens array grating, gummed connects, and its gummed connects the refractive index n of bonding agent used
1<n
2, wherein, n
2for the refractive index of the medium of described collimator lens array grating and described beam splitting lens array grating.
Preferably, on described collimator lens array grating, collimation lens is plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens or biconvex lens.
Preferably, described collimation lens is plano-convex lens; The incident light plane of described plano-convex lens is plane, its emergent light face is curved surface, and described curved surface comprises evagination cylinder or parabola, elliptical area, hyperbolic curve face, the high-order curved surface of high order curve matching formation or the quadric surface of high-order curved surface removal high-order term formation.
Preferably, the curved surface of described collimation lens is that conic section extends the evagination cylinder formed; Described conic section is that central shaft is symmetrical.
Preferably, the equation of described conic section is: Y
2-2R+ (K+1) X=0; The wherein radius-of-curvature at the span of k to be-0.9<k<-1.5,1/R be x=0 place, and meet 1.5k>R>=1k.
Preferably, described beam splitting lens is plano-convex lens; The incident light plane of described plano-convex lens is plane, its emergent light face is evagination cylinder, and described evagination cylinder comprises outer protruding cylinder surface or parabola, elliptical area, hyperbolic curve face, the high-order curved surface of high order curve matching formation or the quadric surface of high-order curved surface removal high-order term formation.
Embodiment of the present invention second aspect provides a kind of 3D display device, comprises the 3D Imaging grating assembly that display panel and above-mentioned first aspect provide;
Described 3D Imaging grating assembly is arranged on described display panel front.
The 3D display device that the embodiment of the present invention provides, because it adopts the above-mentioned 3D Imaging grating assembly after improvement.On the one hand, collimator lens array grating becomes the light that pixel each on display panel sends into collimated light, and on the other hand, beam splitting lens array grating plays a point light action, and images different so just in different directions, thus can see the imaging effect of 3D.In advance the diverging light that pixel each on display panel sends is become collimated light owing to adopting collimator lens array grating, therefore the thickness of beam splitting lens array grating can be regulated arbitrarily, as long as its beam splitting lens radius meets the requirement of viewing distance, the function of 3D display can be realized.So, can reduce the thickness of this beam splitting lens array grating, the thickness of 3D Imaging grating assembly is lower, reduces its weight, makes it can adopt the mode of laminating, is directly installed on the surface of display panel, because this simplify its mounting process.Meanwhile, adopt the 3D Imaging grating assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, its process is also comparatively simple, is applicable to producing in enormous quantities.
Preferably, described display panel is LED display, and it is included in the some LED electroluminescent lamps in array distribution in transverse direction, longitudinal direction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the 3D display device schematic diagram provided in prior art;
Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b are the 3D display device perspective exploded view provided in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the 3D display device diagrammatic cross-section provided in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the display panel provided in the specific embodiment of the invention is the schematic front view of LED electroluminescent lamp as illuminating source;
Fig. 5 is the 3D display device principle of work schematic diagram provided in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that the collimator lens array grating provided in the specific embodiment of the invention pastes on a display panel;
Fig. 7 is A place enlarged diagram in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is that fit shape all-in-one-piece 3D Imaging grating assembly and display panel of beam splitting lens array grating and collimator lens array grating glues together connection diagram;
Fig. 9 is collimation lens light path principle figure.
Wherein in embodiment, description of reference numerals is as follows: 1, beam splitting lens array grating; 2, display panel; 3, collimator lens array grating; 11, beam splitting lens; 20, pixel; 30, collimation lens; 21, LED electroluminescent lamp.
Embodiment
In order to make technical matters solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
This example will be described in detail to 3D Imaging grating assembly disclosed by the invention, as shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, it discloses the 3D display device perspective exploded view comprising 3D Imaging grating assembly and display panel 2; This 3D Imaging grating assembly comprises beam splitting lens array grating 1 and collimator lens array grating 3;
Described collimator lens array grating 3 is provided with some collimation lenses 30 in array distribution;
Described beam splitting lens array grating 1 comprises some beam splitting lenses 11 be arranged in array;
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, the width D of described collimation lens is the pixel of display panel 2 or the 1/N of sub-pixel (will be illustrated in units of pixel below) width, the width H of described beam splitting lens 11 is M times of the width of viewpoint group on described display panel 2, wherein, described N, M are natural number.
So-called viewpoint and viewpoint group are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, do not do the detailed description of repetition in this example, only in subsequent descriptions process, do simple introduction by reference to the accompanying drawings.
This 3D Imaging grating assembly is in use installed in the front of display panel 2, and so-called front refers to the side of observer, and namely 3D Imaging grating assembly is placed between observer and display panel 2.
The effect of so-called collimator lens array grating 3 is that the diverging light that pixel each on display panel 2 or sub-pixel send is become collimated light (directional light or quasi-parallel light), significantly can reduce the dispersion angle of light.For realizing this function, the cylindrical structure of collimation lens 30 in the strip shown in figure in this example on collimator lens array grating 3; Described collimation lens 30 can be plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens or biconvex lens etc., such as, shown in Fig. 2, the xsect of each collimation lens 30 is the structure of plano-convex lens, face (incident light plane) below it is plane, face (emergent light face) above it is evagination cylinder, and described evagination cylinder comprises the quadric surfaces such as outer protruding cylinder surface, parabola, elliptical area or hyperboloid; Or the high-order curved surface that high order curve matching is formed, or remove the quadric surface that formed of high-order term by this high-order curved surface, adopt quadric surface or the high-order curved surfaces such as above-mentioned parabola, elliptical area or hyperboloid, effectively can correct spherical aberration, better play the effect of collimation).Particularly, as shown in Figure 9, above-mentioned evagination cylinder is formed in the following way: the section of collimation lens 30 is made up of multistage curve, comprise three straight-line segments 302,303,304 and arc 301, in this example, this arc 301 is conic section, so-called conic section comprises elliptic curve or hyperbolic curve, and the length of the straight-line segment 302,303 of both sides can be 0.By this section along stretching to form single collimation lens with section perpendicular direction (namely in Fig. 9 edge perpendicular to the direction of paper), namely arc 301 obtains described evagination cylinder after stretching, then this collimation lens is done array can be made into collimator lens array grating 3.
Preferably, the curved surface of described collimation lens 30 is that conic section extends the evagination cylinder formed; Described conic section is that central shaft is symmetrical.In this example, preferred above-mentioned arc 301 is conic section, because section camber line of on elliptic curve in Practical Project or hyperbolic curve can be ideal close to collimated light performance, and in engineering reality, requiring that collimation deviation is within 0.25 degree, single curved surface is that the lens on the complete face of cylinder are difficult to reach this and allow requirement.Can realize collimation deviation by the method for various compensation and be less than 0.25 degree, but lens combination (plano-convex lens that multiple lens combination is formed or biconvex lens) or aspheric surface quafric curve form the difficult processing of closed section to realize.And by the mode of conic section, be easy to processing, collimating effect might as well, although collimation lens focal length can be made to increase, cause the distance of collimation lens and pixel or sub-pixel to increase, and be only grade apart from increase.The width of each collimation lens is the 1/N of pixel or sub-pixel, in theory, N is larger, and collimating effect is better, but in practical operation, N is larger, and the width of collimation lens is less, more difficult realization during operation, prove through test, N gets and is more than or equal to 1, easily realizes when being less than or equal to 10, and greatly improves the error range of collimation distributing homogeneity and collimation.Be described for N=1 in this example.
Concrete, the parameter of collimator lens array grating 3 is determined: for the section of each collimation lens 30 for conic section, and this conic section is quafric curve, and its equation is: Y
2-2R+ (K+1) X=0, if K=0, then this curve is one section of circular arc, if-1<K<0, this curve is one section of elliptic curve, if k=-1, then this curve is one section of parabolic curve, and K<-1 is one section of hyperbolic curve.There is certain spherical aberration in circular curve and para-curve in theory, elliptic curve and hyperbolic curve can think do not have spherical aberration in certain error scope, wherein hyperbolic curve can one or two order of magnitude higher than elliptic curve, but in certain spherical aberration error range, hyp R can increase, because curvature=1/R, this is disadvantageous to the distance of the peak to convergent point that reduce curve, because this can cause the thickness of lens to increase.If in certain spherical aberration tolerance limit difference scope, when the k value determined, and curvature is larger, and R is less, and curvature is less, and R is larger.Convergent point is far away, and the thickness of lens will increase.If contrary thickness requirement is restricted, so K span is oval scope (-1<K<0), if do not consider that lens thickness limits, but require that spherical aberration error range is less, so K value is selected in hyperbolic curve scope (K<-1).And in actual applications, as long as meet the requirement of certain spherical aberration and thickness, k value span is no matter within the scope of hyperbolic curve or elliptic curve.Preferably, the wherein radius-of-curvature at the span of k to be-1.5<k<-0.9,1/R be x=0 place, scope is: 1.5k>R>=1k.
Wherein, the following condition of width D demand fulfillment of collimation lens 30, D>=f=R/ (n-1), otherwise, above collimation requirements cannot be met.The thickness of collimation lens 30 is by x=0 point and x
0the radius-of-curvature r of point
0, the namely focal length F of this point
0=r
0/ n-1 determines.Focal length is larger, and lens are thicker, otherwise, then thinner.
Some collimation lenses 30 are formed array by repeated arrangement; Because its effect is the effect light of each pixel or sub-pixel (also i.e. illuminating source) being played collimation, as long as the width D of each collimation lens 30 is the 1/N of the width of each pixel or sub-pixel on display panel 2.
The effect of beam splitting lens 11 is by some viewpoint pixel in a viewpoint group or the adjacent two viewpoint left and right order inversion of sub-pixel, as 1,2,3,4,5 inverted orders become 5,4,3,2,1, so that the right and left eyes of observer can see image in the distance of regulation simultaneously.This and general cylindrical lens principle do not have difference, just general cylindrical lens requires that the spacing of pixel and lens will be placed on focal length, and due to after collimator lens array grating 3 in this example, the light that each pixel or sub-pixel send becomes collimated ray from divergent rays, then do not limit by focal length.
So-called beam splitting lens 11, the column structure of the strip namely shown in Fig. 2, some beam splitting lenses 11 are formed array by repeated arrangement, certainly, are not be put together by single beam splitting lens 11, but the integrative-structure of global formation.Illustrated in this Fig. 2 that 7 beam splitting lenses 11 constitute a beam splitting lens array grating 1, certainly, in actual application, the size of this beam splitting lens array grating 1 depends on the size of display panel 2.Can find out from this Fig. 2, the structure of xsect also in plano-convex lens of each beam splitting lens 11, its incident light plane (face of below) is plane, and its emergent light face (face of top) is evagination cylinder.Described evagination cylinder comprises outer protruding cylinder surface or parabola, elliptical area, hyperbolic curve face, the high-order curved surface of high order curve matching formation or the quadric surface of high-order curved surface removal high-order term formation.Because this beam splitting lens 11 role is light splitting, form different exit directions as required, therefore, its width H is identical with the width of viewpoint group.
Carry out simplicity of explanation to its principle below, the scattered light collimation that each illuminating source sends by this collimation lens 30 forms collimated light; The effect of this beam splitting lens 11 is the characteristics according to lens, and the parallel photoconduction of equidirectional to same direction, images different so just in different directions, thus can see the imaging effect of 3D.The width H of beam splitting lens 11 generally depends on the number of pixel 20 on (on the left of Fig. 3 shown in figure) display panel 2 below beam splitting lens 11.General below each beam splitting lens 11, on one horizontally-arranged (having some horizontally-arranged below a beam splitting lens 11 along cylinder bearing of trend), in order to expand vision area, the width H of beam splitting lens 11 can be the integral multiple M (M is positive integer) of basic viewpoint number (number of pixels namely in viewpoint group), and the span of M is preferably 1 ~ 4; The value of M is larger, and its vision area is larger.For M=1 in this example, such as, shown in Fig. 3,5 viewpoints are provided with in a viewpoint group, therefore, be provided with 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e totally 5 pixels 20 below its beam splitting lens 11, the image of each pixel 20 after this beam splitting lens 11 to 5 different direction projections, as shown in Figure 5, the image of 5 viewpoint S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 is formed respectively.Certainly, as required, the number of viewpoint can increase or reduce, in this example 5 only as an example, do not limit viewpoint number.Obviously, the viewpoint number in viewpoint group is more, and the width of its beam splitting lens 11 is wider, and for this above-mentioned principle, be conventionally known to one of skill in the art, the present invention does not make improvement to it.
In certain range of observation, oval frame as shown in Figure 5 represents observer's eyes position, when observer stands in place, its left eye EL and right eye ER will observe different images respectively, in such as this figure, observer stands in the position between viewpoint S2 and S3, then its left eye EL and right eye ER will observe the image of viewpoint S3 and viewpoint S2 respectively, thus the 3D observing this position shows image.
Namely this beam splitting lens array grating 1 plays the function of images different on display panel 2 being invested respectively left eye EL and right eye ER, and so just achieve the function of 3D display, as shown in Figure 3, the center thickness of this beam splitting lens 11 is maximum, reduces gradually to two ends.Therefore, each beam splitting lens 11 is actually convex lens, be not only the convex lens of surface for sphere, but surface is the convex lens of cylinder.
According to the focal length computing formula of convex lens, known, the focal distance f of its beam splitting lens is only relevant with refractive index n with the radius (radius of its incident light plane is R1, and the radius in emergent light face is R2) in two faces of beam splitting lens 11.And the incident light plane of this beam splitting lens 11 is a plane, its emergent light face is an evagination cylinder.For simplicity, in subsequent descriptions process, namely the radius of said beam splitting lens 11 refers to the radius R 2 in this emergent light face.
In this example, the thickness of above-mentioned collimator lens array grating 3 is relevant with radius with the width of each collimation lens.Such as, can be 0.1-1mm.The thickness of described beam splitting lens array grating 1 is 0.1-1mm.The integral thickness of described 3D Imaging grating assembly is 0.2-2mm.
In summary, the viewing distance of the human eye of described 3D Imaging grating assembly is controlled by the radius (i.e. the radius in the emergent light of beam splitting lens 11 shown in Fig. 2 face) of described beam splitting lens 11 and refractive index.So can choose suitable radius can realize rational viewing distance, such as when radius is 10mm, viewing distance is about about 5m; When radius is 50mm, viewing distance is about 25m.Radius is less, and the disperse function of beam splitting lens is more obvious, otherwise, when the radius of beam splitting lens increases, until during infinity, just become sheet glass, the directional light direction of outgoing would not change, and does not also just have disperse function.Namely the radius when beam splitting lens is larger, and its viewing distance is far away.
Preferably, on described beam splitting lens array grating 1, the radius of each beam splitting lens is greater than 5mm.
About the connected mode between this collimator lens array grating 3 and beam splitting lens array grating 1, be not particularly limited, as long as it can play, both fitted together, and play respective function.Such as, between described collimator lens array grating 3 and described beam splitting lens array grating 1, gummed connects.So-called gummed connects, refer to both be pasted integral by bonding agent between collimator lens array grating 3 and beam splitting lens array grating 1, so-called bonding agent can adopt the transparent adhesive tape that well known to a person skilled in the art that various refractive index is lower, and its refractive index is less than the refractive index of collimator lens array grating 3 and beam splitting lens array grating 1; It can be such as resene.Namely its gummed connects the refractive index n of bonding agent used
1<n
2, wherein, n
2for the refractive index of the medium of described collimator lens array grating 3 and described beam splitting lens array grating 1.
When adopting transparent medium two beam splitting lens array gratings 1 and collimator lens array grating 3 to be fitted into integrally, can be as shown in Figure 2, cylinder on cylinder on collimator lens array grating 3 and beam splitting lens array grating 1 all upward, also can mode as shown in Figure 3, by the cylinder of collimator lens array grating 3 down, the plane of the plane of collimator lens array grating 3 and beam splitting lens array grating 1 is fitted.Both stickups are integrated.The mode of preferred employing Fig. 3.
The material of this beam splitting lens array grating 1 and collimator lens array grating 3 can adopt clear glass, Plastic (such as transparent organic material, transparent polymer material) etc., common employing PMMA (acrylic), PP (polypropylene), PE (tygon).Preferred material PMMA makes.
For the beam splitting lens array grating 1 adopting transparent glass material to make, the steps such as cutting, corase grind, fine grinding can be adopted to be made.For the beam splitting lens array grating 1 of Plastic, the method such as mold pressing thermoset forming (shaping as by die casting) or photoetching hot melt adhesive+plasma etching can be adopted to be made.The method of conventional making lens arra can be adopted to be formed, repeat no more.
The 3D Imaging grating assembly that this example provides, owing to comprising beam splitting lens array grating 1 and collimator lens array grating 3.On the one hand, collimator lens array grating 3 becomes the light that pixel each on display panel 2 sends into collimated light, and on the other hand, beam splitting lens array grating 1 plays a point light action, images different so just in different directions, thus can see the imaging effect of 3D.In advance the diverging light that pixel each on display panel 2 sends is become collimated light owing to adopting collimator lens array grating 3, therefore the thickness of beam splitting lens array grating 1 can be regulated arbitrarily, as long as the radius of beam splitting lens meets the requirement of viewing distance, the function of 3D display can be realized.So, can reduce the thickness of this beam splitting lens array grating 1, the thickness of 3D Imaging grating assembly is lower, reduces its weight, makes it can adopt the mode of laminating, is directly installed on the surface of display panel 2, because this simplify its mounting process.Meanwhile, adopt the 3D Imaging grating assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, its process is also comparatively simple, is applicable to producing in enormous quantities.
Embodiment 2
This example will describe 3D display device by reference to the accompanying drawings.As shown in Figure 3, display panel 2 and 3D Imaging grating assembly is comprised;
Described 3D Imaging grating assembly is arranged on described display panel 2 front.
During installation, as Figure 6-Figure 8, adopt transparent medium 4 that this 3D Imaging grating assembly is arranged on this display panel 2 front, the one side by collimator lens array grating 3 is pasted onto on display panel 2.Concrete, the thickness of this transparent medium 4 is relevant with angle of divergence θ with the width of pixel on display panel 2.
As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, each pixel on display panel 2 or sub-pixel are an illuminating source, and illuminating source is such as LED electroluminescent lamp 21.In figure, w1 is the thinnest part thickness of collimation lens 30, and w2 is the distance between collimation lens 30 and display panel 2 surface, the thickness of also i.e. transparent medium 4 filling.W3 represents the distance between the peak of collimation lens 30 curved surface to display panel 2 surface, and w4 represents the thickness thickness of collimation lens 30, is also the thickness of collimator lens array grating 3.Wherein θ is the angle of divergence of pixel 20 (i.e. illuminating source) on display panel 2, then can extrapolate the distance w2=D1/ (2*tan (θ/2)) between display panel 2 surface and collimation lens 30, meanwhile, the thickness of collimator lens array grating 3
Display panel 2, for showing multiple addressable pixel 20 of image, pixel 20 is grouped (i.e. viewpoint group) with the different views making the different pixels 20 in viewpoint group correspond to this image.
This display panel 2 can be LED (English full name: LightEmittingDiode, Chinese full name: light emitting diode) display screen, also can be LCD (English full name: LiquidCrystalDisplay, Chinese full name: LCDs); As shown in Figure 4, outdoor display panel 2 generally adopts LED display, namely its be included in laterally, is longitudinal direction some LED electroluminescent lamps 21 of array distribution as illuminating source, the light on and off by LED electroluminescent lamp 21 (single lamp) show character.Be used for showing the display screen of the various information such as word, figure, image, animation, market, video, video signal.The size of each LED electroluminescent lamp 21 is exactly a pixel 20 (certainly, also will see the density that LED electroluminescent lamp 21 distributes in actual conditions) in theory.LED electroluminescent lamp 21 is general by single led wafer, reflector, metal anode, and metallic cathode is formed, and outsourcing has the epoxy package of printing opacity light gathering.Available one or more (different colours) single lamp forms a base pixel 20, has brightness advantages of higher.The width of LED electroluminescent lamp 21 is roughly 3.0mm.In this Fig. 4, illustrate that employing 5 LED electroluminescent lamps 21 are as pixel 20, then the width H of its each beam splitting lens 11 is approximately 1.5 centimetres-2.0 centimetres.At one section place, wherein 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e are arranged on below one of them beam splitting lens 11 by as one group of pixel 20.
Because having done specific explanations to 3D Imaging grating assembly in above-described embodiment 1, therefore no longer repeat specification in this example.
The 3D display device that this example provides, because it adopts the above-mentioned 3D Imaging grating assembly after improvement.On the one hand, collimator lens array grating 3 becomes the light that pixel each on display panel 2 sends into collimated light, and on the other hand, beam splitting lens array grating 1 plays a point light action, images different so just in different directions, thus can see the imaging effect of 3D.In advance the diverging light that pixel each on display panel 2 sends is become collimated light owing to adopting collimator lens array grating 3, therefore the thickness of beam splitting lens array grating 1 can be regulated arbitrarily, as long as the radius of beam splitting lens meets the requirement of viewing distance, the function of 3D display can be realized.So, can reduce the thickness of this beam splitting lens array grating 1, the thickness of 3D Imaging grating assembly is lower, reduces its weight, makes it can adopt the mode of laminating, is directly installed on the surface of display panel 2, because this simplify its mounting process.Meanwhile, adopt the embodiment of the present invention, the 3D Imaging grating assembly provided, its process is also comparatively simple, is applicable to producing in enormous quantities.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a 3D Imaging grating assembly, is characterized in that, comprises beam splitting lens array grating and collimator lens array grating;
Described collimator lens array grating is provided with some collimation lenses in array distribution;
Described beam splitting lens array grating comprises some beam splitting lenses in array distribution;
The width of described collimation lens is the 1/N of the pixel of display panel or the width of sub-pixel, and the width of described beam splitting lens is M times of the width of viewpoint group on described display panel; Wherein, described N, M are natural number.
2. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the scope of described N is the span of 1 ~ 10, M is 1 ~ 4.
3. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 2, is characterized in that, between described collimator lens array grating and described beam splitting lens array grating, gummed connects, and its gummed connects the refractive index n of bonding agent used
1<n
2, wherein, n
2for the refractive index of the medium of described collimator lens array grating and described beam splitting lens array grating.
4. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 3, is characterized in that, on described collimator lens array grating, collimation lens is plano-convex lens, concave-convex lens or biconvex lens.
5. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described collimation lens is plano-convex lens; The incident light plane of described plano-convex lens is plane, its emergent light face is evagination cylinder, and described evagination cylinder comprises outer protruding cylinder surface or parabola, elliptical area, hyperbolic curve face, the high-order curved surface of high order curve matching formation or the quadric surface of high-order curved surface removal high-order term formation.
6. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the curved surface of described collimation lens is that conic section extends the evagination cylinder formed; Described conic section presents central shaft symmetry.
7. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the equation of described conic section is: Y
2-2R+ (K+1) X=0; The wherein radius-of-curvature at the span of k to be-1.5<k<-0.9,1/R be x=0 place, and meet 1.5k>R>=1k.
8. 3D Imaging grating assembly according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described beam splitting lens is plano-convex lens; The incident light plane of described plano-convex lens is plane, its emergent light face is evagination cylinder, and described evagination cylinder comprises outer protruding cylinder surface or parabola, elliptical area, hyperbolic curve face, the high-order curved surface of high order curve matching formation or the quadric surface of high-order curved surface removal high-order term formation.
9. a 3D display device, is characterized in that, comprises the 3D Imaging grating assembly in display panel and claim 1-8 described in any one;
Described 3D Imaging grating assembly is arranged on described display panel front.
10. 3D display device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described display panel is LED and LCD display panel, and it is included in the some LED electroluminescent lamps in array distribution in transverse direction, longitudinal direction.
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