Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of open type flash-point testing apparatus of macromolecular material.To improve the accuracy to the flash(ing) test of macromolecular material.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of open type flash-point testing apparatus of macromolecular material, comprise operator's console, well heater, test glass, thermometer, lighter, described well heater comprises the annular-heating sheet being arranged on operator's console end face, described annular-heating sheet surrounds a heating chamber, described test glass is positioned in described ring-shaped heating cavity, gap is provided with between described test glass and described annular-heating sheet, described thermometer is fixed on the top of described test glass by support vertical, and described thermometer is by support up-down adjustment, described support is provided with the transparent baffle for observing, the inwall of described test glass is provided with multiple scale mark.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, described well heater is adjustable power type well heater, and the by-pass cock of described well heater is arranged on described operator's console.
By above-mentioned setting, make well heater can regulate the speed of the heating to the macromolecular material in test glass, when temperature is reached close to flash-point, reduce power, make the intensification that the macromolecular material in test glass can be slowly stable, thus the flash-point value recorded is more accurate, by-pass cock is arranged on operator's console, also makes to regulate heating power very convenient.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, described lighter comprises gas tank, tracheae, portfire, ignition tip, one end of described tracheae is communicated with described gas tank, the other end is communicated with ignition tip, described portfire is arranged at ignition tip place, and described tracheae is provided with telescopic bracing frame, and support frame as described above can be positioned over the end face of described operator's console.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make when macromolecular material is close to flash temperature, flame can be lighted quickly and easily by above-mentioned lighter and act on gaseous composition above macromolecular material, above-mentioned structure is simple, easy to operate, telescopic bracing frame makes it possible to the upper-lower position adjusting ignition tip, facilitates ignition tip stable movement in the horizontal direction, thus obtains measurement result more accurately.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, support frame as described above comprises cylindrical base, the first vertical support bar, the second vertical support bar, described cylindrical base is fixedly connected with one end of the described first vertical support bar, described second vertical support bar is set in the described first vertical support bar one end away from described cylindrical base, described first vertical support bar and the second vertical support bar are by screw locking, and described tracheae is connected with the upper end of the described second vertical support bar is vertical.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to slide in the surface by cylindrical base being placed on operator's console, thus ignition tip can very stably move in the horizontal direction, thus the result measured is more accurate.Connection between first vertical support bar of above-mentioned setting and the second vertical support bar, makes it possible to the height of adjusting support frame simply and easily, thus is convenient to the height of point of adjustment nozzles.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, the described tracheae of described ignition tip one end vertically downward and the outgassing direction of described ignition tip is horizontal direction.
Macromolecular material is meeting partial gasification after being heated to uniform temperature, the top of macromolecular material can be present in the form of a vapor, the test of flash-point, the height of 10 ~ 14mm above distance macromolecular material is needed to carry out ignition operation to gaseous state macromolecular material, therefore, by above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make ignition tip can carry out ignition operation in the horizontal direction of ad-hoc location to polymeric gas well, also the relevant position of burned flame in test glass tangential movement back and forth on ignition tip is conducive to, thus macromolecular material flash-point value comparatively accurately can be obtained.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, the lighting-up tuyere place of described ignition tip is provided with gas outlet size adjusting device.
The accuracy of flame to the flash-point recorded at ignition tip place has a certain impact, and therefore, by above-mentioned vibrational power flow, by adjusting the size of gas port, thus can adjust form and the size of flame, making the structure of measurement more accurate.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, described gas outlet size adjusting device comprises the different igniting mouth of multiple gas outlets diameter, described ignition tip place pipeline outer wall is provided with external thread, and the inwall of the link of described multiple igniting mouth is provided with the internal thread mated with described external thread.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to by changing igniting mouth quickly and easily, thus adjust the size of gas port, thus the form of flame and size are regulated, therefore, different igniting mouth that can be more concrete is tested the result obtained and is analyzed, to obtain flash-point value the most accurately.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, described operator's console surface corresponding bottom described ring-shaped heating cavity is provided with the draw-in groove limiting described test glass position.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make test glass can be fixed on fixing position well, the distance of the annular-heating sheet of test glass and surrounding is more stable, by the mode of bath electric hot-air, test glass is heated, be heated evenly, inner macromolecular material be heated evenly, thus the result recorded is more representative.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, described transparent baffle and described support removably connect.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to conveniently install and use transparent baffle, when needing to observe, can transparent baffle be installed, when not needing to use, can disassemble, be convenient to place, be also convenient to change simultaneously.
The open type flash-point testing apparatus of above-described macromolecular material, preferably, the material of described test glass is copper.
Copper thermal conductivity is in a metal better, and cost is relative also lower, therefore, can have good thermal conductivity by the test glass of copper production, accelerates heating rate, saves test period.
The beneficial effect that the present invention realizes: by being heated arranging certain interval between test glass and annular-heating sheet test glass by air, macromolecular material in test glass is heated more evenly thus increases the accuracy of the flash-point of test, transparent baffle again by arranging can when result be lighted in observation, the motion of air-flow to gaseous state macromolecular material avoiding exhalation impacts, thus further ensures the accuracy of the flash-point value recorded.
Embodiment
Also by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail below by specific embodiment.
When macromolecular material is heated, lightweight part is first evaporated, originally evaporation capacity is few, along with the continuation of the temperature of macromolecular material is risen, the evaporation capacity of macromolecular material can constantly increase, when close to a certain temperature, the gas of evaporation reaches finite concentration, is now shifted near by flame, namely have interrupted B light flashes phenomenon, this is flashing point.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the open type flash-point testing apparatus of a kind of macromolecular material that embodiments of the invention provide, comprises operator's console 100, well heater 200, test glass 300, thermometer 400, lighter 500.
Well heater 200 comprises the annular-heating sheet 210 being arranged on operator's console 100 end face, and the circuit be connected with annular-heating sheet 210 is built in the inside of described operator's console 100, and heater button 220 is arranged on the sidewall of operator's console 100, handled easily.Annular-heating sheet 210 surrounds a heating chamber, test glass 300 is positioned in ring-shaped heating cavity, gap is provided with between test glass 300 and annular-heating sheet 210, annular-heating sheet 210 produces heat under the effect of power supply, heat by transfer of air to test glass 300, test glass 300 is heated evenly, thermometer 400 is vertically fixed on the top of test glass 300 by support 600, support 600 is provided with thermometer folder, thermometer 400 is by thermometer folder up-down adjustment, during measurement, the bottom of thermometer 400 is goed deep in test glass 300, thus the temperature of the macromolecular material placed in test glass 300 can be measured.Support 600 is provided with the transparent baffle 700 for observing, the air-flow of breathing out when transparent baffle 700 can block experimental implementation, thus avoid producing interference to the flowing of the gas that macromolecular material produces, the inwall of test glass 300 is provided with multiple scale mark 310, can carry out Measurement accuracy to the amount of the macromolecular material added.
Further, in the present embodiment, transparent baffle 700 and support 600 removably connect.By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to conveniently install and use transparent baffle 700.When needing to observe, can install transparent baffle 700, when not needing to use, can disassemble, be convenient to place, also transparent baffle 700 is convenient to change simultaneously, and transparent baffle 700 can adopt tempered glass material.
Further, in the present embodiment, operator's console 100 surface corresponding bottom described ring-shaped heating cavity is provided with the draw-in groove of limit assay cup 300 position.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make test glass 300 can be fixed on fixing position well, test glass 300 is more stable with the distance of the annular-heating sheet 210 of surrounding, by the mode of bath electric hot-air, test glass 300 is heated, be heated evenly, inner macromolecular material be heated evenly, thus the result recorded is more representative.The top sidewall of test glass 300 is also provided with handle 320, is convenient to the taking and placing of test glass 300 by the handle 320 arranged, makes more convenient to operate.
Further, in the present embodiment, well heater 200 is adjustable power type well heater, the by-pass cock 230 of well heater 200 is arranged on the sidewall of operator's console 100, and be positioned at the side of heater button 220, certainly, in other embodiments, the position of by-pass cock 230 and heater button 220 can be arranged according to the concrete structure of operator's console 100, only otherwise the operation of impact test.
By above-mentioned setting, make well heater 200 can regulate the speed of the heating to the macromolecular material in test glass 300, when temperature is reached close to flash-point, reduce power, make the intensification that the macromolecular material in test glass 300 can be slowly stable, thus the flash-point value recorded is more accurate, by-pass cock 230 is arranged on operator's console 100 sidewall, also makes to regulate heating power very convenient.
The using method of this testing apparatus: macromolecular material is put into test glass 300, for the sample of flash-point below 2l0 DEG C and 2l0 DEG C, liquid level distance crucible mouth rim is 12mm; For the sample of flash-point more than 210 DEG C, liquid level distance mouth rim is 18mm.
The test glass installing sample is placed in the ring-shaped heating cavity of operator's console 100 reposefully, again thermometer 400 is vertically fixed on thermometer folder, and make the mercury bulb of thermometer 400 be positioned at test glass central authorities, roughly equal with the distance of test glass and sample liquid level.Determinator should be placed on wind sheltering and darker local and with protecting screen round, flash-point phenomenon is seen clearly.
Heat test cup 300, makes sample raised temperature gradually, and when specimen temperature reaches expectation first 60 DEG C of flash-point, adjustment firing rate, can control programming rate when making specimen temperature reach first 40 DEG C of flash-point is rising per minute 4 ± 1 DEG C.
When specimen temperature reaches and estimates first 10 DEG C of flash-point, the flame of lighter 500 is put into test coupon liquid level l0 ~ 14mm place, and move linearly along test glass 300 internal diameter on this place's surface level, from test glass 300 to move to another side institute elapsed time be 2 ~ 3s.Specimen temperature often raises 2 DEG C should repeat a fire trial.The length of flame of lighter 500, should be adjusted to 3 ~ 4mm in advance.
When blue flame appears in sample ullage at first, read temperature as flashing test result from thermometer 400 immediately, record atmospheric pressure simultaneously.
Attention: the scintillation of sample steam should not be obscured with the flash of light of igniter flame.If scintillation phenomenon is not obvious, igniting must be continued confirm after sample raises 2 DEG C.
Further, with reference to accompanying drawing 2, in the present embodiment, lighter 500 comprises gas tank 510, tracheae 520, portfire 530, ignition tip 540, tracheae 520 comprises the plastic flexible pipe 522 be communicated with gas tank 510, the steel tracheae 521 be communicated with ignition tip 540, portfire 530 is arranged at ignition tip 540 place, and steel tracheae 521 is provided with telescopic bracing frame 550, bracing frame 550 can be positioned over the end face of operator's console 100.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make when macromolecular material is close to flash temperature, flame can be lighted by above-mentioned lighter 500 quickly and easily and act on gaseous composition above macromolecular material, measure flash-point value.And the structure of above-mentioned lighter 500 is simple, easy to operate, telescopic bracing frame 550 makes it possible to the upper-lower position adjusting ignition tip 540, is convenient to ignition tip 540 stable movement in the horizontal direction, thus obtains the measurement result of flash-point value more accurately.
Further, in the present embodiment, bracing frame 550 comprises the vertical support bar 553 of the vertical support bar of cylindrical base 551, first 552, second, cylindrical base 551 is fixedly connected with one end of the first vertical support bar 552, second vertical support bar 553 is set in the first vertical support bar 552 one end away from cylindrical base 551, first vertical support bar 552 and the second vertical support bar 553 are locked by screw 554, and tracheae 520 is connected with the upper end of the second vertical support bar 553 is vertical.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to by steel tracheae 521 part of horizontal to be placed by cylindrical base 551 on operator's console 100 and can slide along the end face of operator's console 100, thus ignition tip 540 can very stably move in the horizontal direction, carry out the operation of flash-point test, and the result measured is more accurate.Connection between first vertical support bar 552 of above-mentioned setting and the second vertical support bar 553, makes it possible to loosening and locking the height of adjusting support frame 550 simply and easily by screw 554, thus is convenient to the height of point of adjustment nozzles 540.Certainly, in other embodiments, the height adjustment of tracheae 520 also can be realized by other modes such as hydraulic liftings.
Macromolecular material is meeting partial gasification after being heated to uniform temperature, the top of macromolecular material can be present in the form of a vapor, the test of flash-point, the height of 10 ~ 14mm above distance macromolecular material is needed to carry out ignition operation to gaseous state macromolecular material, and move to the other end from one end of test glass 300 in the horizontal direction, therefore, in the present embodiment, the tracheae 520 of ignition tip 540 one end vertically downward and the outgassing direction of ignition tip 540 is horizontal direction.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make ignition tip 540 can carry out ignition operation in the horizontal direction of ad-hoc location to polymeric gas well, also be conducive to the relevant position of burned flame in test glass 300 tangential movement back and forth on ignition tip 540, thus macromolecular material flash-point value comparatively accurately can be obtained.
The accuracy of flame to the flash-point recorded at ignition tip 540 place has a certain impact, and further, in the present embodiment, the lighting-up tuyere place of ignition tip 540 is provided with gas outlet size adjusting device.By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, by adjusting the size of gas port, thus form and the size of flame can be adjusted, making the structure of measurement more accurate.
Further, with reference to accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4, in the present embodiment, gas outlet size adjusting device comprises the different igniting mouth 542 of multiple gas outlets diameter, ignition tip 540 place pipeline outer wall is provided with external thread 541, and the inwall of the link of multiple igniting mouth 542 is provided with the internal thread mated with external thread 541.Igniting mouth 542 can be screwed on ignition tip 540 well.
By above-mentioned vibrational power flow, make it possible to by changing igniting mouth 542 quickly and easily, thus adjust the size of gas port, thus the form of flame and size are regulated, therefore, different igniting mouth 542 that can be more concrete is tested the result obtained and is analyzed, to obtain flash-point value the most accurately.Certainly, in other embodiments, size and the shape of flame can also be controlled by arranging other modes such as valve regulated tolerance.
Further, in the present embodiment, the material of test glass 300 is copper.Copper thermal conductivity is in a metal better, and cost is relative also lower, therefore, can have good thermal conductivity by the test glass 300 of copper production, accelerates heating rate, saves test period.Certainly, in other embodiments, other metal materials such as aluminium, iron also can be adopted to make test glass.
In addition, it should be noted that, in other embodiments, can also adopt and the higher organic solution of boiling point is set between test glass 300 and annular-heating sheet 210, carry out heating water bath, also make the macromolecular material of the inside of test glass 300 to be heated evenly, thus improve the accuracy of the flash-point measured.
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, above in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, carry out describing clearly and completely to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.The assembly of the embodiment of the present invention describing and indicate in usual accompanying drawing herein can be arranged with various different configuration and design.
Therefore, the detailed description of the above embodiments of the invention to providing in the accompanying drawings the claimed scope of the present invention of not intended to be limiting, but only represent selected embodiment of the present invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, term " " center ", " on ", D score, " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, or this invention product orientation of usually putting or position relationship when using, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. only for distinguishing description, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, also it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " setting ", " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood.