CN105435814A - 一种净化空气的催化组合物 - Google Patents

一种净化空气的催化组合物 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105435814A
CN105435814A CN201510782878.XA CN201510782878A CN105435814A CN 105435814 A CN105435814 A CN 105435814A CN 201510782878 A CN201510782878 A CN 201510782878A CN 105435814 A CN105435814 A CN 105435814A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
composition
composite oxide
catalyzing
air
haze
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201510782878.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
唐靖岚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Wuxi Qingyang Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to CN201510782878.XA priority Critical patent/CN105435814A/zh
Publication of CN105435814A publication Critical patent/CN105435814A/zh
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/8609—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8637—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
    • B01J23/8933—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/8993—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals also combined with metals, or metal oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/704—Solvents not covered by groups B01D2257/702 - B01D2257/7027
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种净化空气的催化组合物，所述组合物如下组分，A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈银钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Ag:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼钒复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo:V的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；C)余量的活性炭。本发明所述的组合物负载/掺杂在玻璃纤维滤芯或滤网上，可以在室温下即可催化净化空气中的有机污染物以及雾霾，并将污染物降低到ppm级。

Description

一种净化空气的催化组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及空气净化技术领域，具体涉及一种净化空气的催化组合物。
背景技术
雾霾天气是一种大气污染状态，雾霾是对大气中各种悬浮颗粒物含量超标的笼统表述，尤其是PM2.5(空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物)被认为是造成雾霾天气的“元凶”。
霾，也称灰霾(烟雾)空气中的灰尘、硫酸、硝酸、有机碳氢化合物等粒子也能使大气混浊。将目标物的水平能见度在1000-10000米的这种现象称为轻雾或霭(Mist)。形成雾时大气湿度应该是饱和的(如有大量凝结核存在时，相对湿度不一定达到100％就可能出现饱和)。由于液态水或冰晶组成的雾散射的光与波长关系不大，因而雾看起来呈乳白色或青白色和灰色。二氧化硫、氮氧化物和可吸入颗粒物是雾霾的主要组成。
雾霾对人体产生的危害如下：
(1)对呼吸系统的影响
霾的组成成分非常复杂,包括数百种大气化学颗粒物质。其中有害健康的主要是直径小于10微米的气溶胶粒子，如矿物颗粒物、海盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、有机气溶胶粒子、燃料和汽车废气等，它能直接进入并粘附在人体呼吸道和肺泡中。尤其是亚微米粒子会分别沉积于上、下呼吸道和肺泡中，引起急性鼻炎和急性支气管炎等病症。对于支气管哮喘、慢性支气管炎、阻塞性肺气肿和慢性阻塞性肺疾病等慢性呼吸系统疾病患者，雾霾天气可使病情急性发作或急性加重。如果长期处于这种环境还会诱发肺癌。
(2)对心血管系统的影响
雾霾天对人体心脑血管疾病的影响也很严重，会阻碍正常的血液循环，导致心血管病、高血压、冠心病、脑溢血，可能诱发心绞痛、心肌梗塞、心力衰竭等，使慢性支气管炎出现肺源性心脏病等。
除雾霾对室内空气产生影响之外，装修、工矿业、汽车尾气产生的有机物污染，比如甲醛、硫氧化物、氮氧化物等，也对空气产生了巨大的污染，同样导致了室内空气质量的下降，影响了人们的身体健康。
目前的去除空气污染的方式，多是借助活性炭吸附等物理吸附形式，这种去处污染的方式，见效慢，且不能将有机污染物分解，也不能显著降低雾霾，因此受限较多。
尽管出现一些利用化学方式净化室内空气的手段，比如利用各种化学试剂或者催化剂等，但其一般需要较高温度，对使用环境限制也较多。
经过发明人检索现有技术发现，目前还没有采用室温催化空气，并将空气中的有机污染物分解，并减少雾霾颗粒，将污染物浓度降低到ppm级的技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种防治雾霾的组合物，该组合物可以大范围布置，能够快速去除雾霾。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种防治雾霾的组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈银钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Ag:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；
B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼钒复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo:V的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭；
本发明的催化组合物通过选取特定组分A和组分B，使得该组合物产生协同效应，该组合物对雾霾的防治有效率达到100％，同时活性高，室温下即能起到催化作用，将空气中的甲醛、苯等有机物降解称为二氧化碳，并将对人体有害的硫氧化物、氮氧化物催化氧化为较高价态，进而用活性炭吸附，将各种污染物降低至ppm级。
具体实施方式
本发明通过下述实施例对本发明的组合物进行说明。
实施例1
一种防治雾霾的组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)10％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈银钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Ag:K为1:0.1:0.1:0.1:0.1；
B)5％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼钒复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo:V的摩尔比为0.1:1:1:1:1，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭。
将所述催化组合物负载在玻璃纤维滤芯上，将滤芯置于风扇前方，在PM2.5为300时开窗，使得室内PM2.5与室外相同，关闭门窗，并在室内通入甲醛、苯等有机污染物，使其浓度达到10毫克/立方米。开启风扇，1小时后测试PM2.5及污染物浓度，PM2.5值仅为0，有机污染物浓度为0.01毫克/立方米以下。
对比例1
组分A含量15％，不含组分B，其余条件不变，1小时后的PM2.5值为32，有机污染物浓度为0.5毫克/立方米左右。
对比例2
组分B含量15％，不含组分A，其余条件不变，1小时后的PM2.5值为37，有机污染物浓度为0.3毫克/立方米左右。
上述实施例及对比例说明，在室温下，单独的组分A和组分B，均达不到组分A和组分B联用的效果，说明本发明的组合物A和B组分之间存在特定的联系，其产生了协同效应。
申请人声明，本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的组合物，但本发明并不局限于上述组合物，即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细组合物才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种净化空气的催化组合物，所述组合物包括如下组分，
A)6％-20％的纳米TiO2负载的铂铈银钾复合氧化物，其各组分的摩尔比Ti:Pt:Ce:Ag:K为1:(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1):(0.05-0.1)；
B)3％-8％的锆掺杂的铁钛钼钒复合氧化物，Zr:Fe:Ti:Mo:V的摩尔比为(0.02-0.2):1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1)，所述铁钛钼复合氧化物具备Fe-O-Ti、Mo-O-Ti和Fe-O-Mo结构的复合氧化物微晶体系；
C)余量的活性炭。
CN201510782878.XA 2015-11-14 2015-11-14 一种净化空气的催化组合物 Withdrawn CN105435814A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510782878.XA CN105435814A (zh) 2015-11-14 2015-11-14 一种净化空气的催化组合物

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510782878.XA CN105435814A (zh) 2015-11-14 2015-11-14 一种净化空气的催化组合物

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105435814A true CN105435814A (zh) 2016-03-30

Family

ID=55546707

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510782878.XA Withdrawn CN105435814A (zh) 2015-11-14 2015-11-14 一种净化空气的催化组合物

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105435814A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106807398A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2017-06-09 金华铂锐催化科技有限公司 一种用于水汽环境下消除一氧化碳和甲醛的催化剂及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106807398A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2017-06-09 金华铂锐催化科技有限公司 一种用于水汽环境下消除一氧化碳和甲醛的催化剂及其制备方法
CN106807398B (zh) * 2017-01-05 2019-03-08 金华铂锐催化科技有限公司 一种用于水汽环境下消除一氧化碳和甲醛的催化剂及其制备方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105396611A (zh) 一种防治空气污染的催化组合物
CN105214394A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的过滤网
CN105597812A (zh) 一种净化空气的催化组合物
CN105435814A (zh) 一种净化空气的催化组合物
CN105233579A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的过滤网
CN105276701A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105597432A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105597524A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105289281A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105381712A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的空调滤清器
CN105251350A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105299774A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105289282A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105258240A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105214483A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的空气净化器
CN105214487A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的空调滤清器
CN105276700A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105214395A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的过滤网
CN105333521A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105402832A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105251353A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105413351A (zh) 一种窗式空气净化器
CN105251345A (zh) 一种防治雾霾的空调滤清器
CN105478006A (zh) 一种利用风扇净化室内空气的方法
CN105233592A (zh) 一种利用风扇净化室内空气的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20160330