CN105428049A - Electrochemical deposition of Nd for improving coercive field strength of rare earth permanent magnet - Google Patents
Electrochemical deposition of Nd for improving coercive field strength of rare earth permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN105428049A CN105428049A CN201510582343.8A CN201510582343A CN105428049A CN 105428049 A CN105428049 A CN 105428049A CN 201510582343 A CN201510582343 A CN 201510582343A CN 105428049 A CN105428049 A CN 105428049A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
- B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3046—Co as the principal constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a rare earth permanent magnet, especially high-energy rare earth permanent magnet, comprising the steps of: preparing a permanent magnet base of a hard magnetic nanocomposite material having a rare earth base (S1); electrochemically depositing a light rare earth material Nd on the permanent magnet base (S2); performing grain boundary diffusion on the permanent magnet base coated with the Nd (S3); and correspondingly preparing a rare earth permanent magnet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet and corresponding rare-earth permanent magnet.
Background technology
Nowadays, the nanoscale permanent magnet of Nd-Fe-B base is noticeable due to its special character.Especially, by solidifying rapidly in the poor rare earth alloy special research at present prepared with nm regime.So-called MQ powder is created also or so-called HDDR powder with nm regime by solidifying rapidly.Do not need or only need to add on a small quantity those alloys of heavy rare earth metal (such as Dy or Tb) and preparation method is considered to attractive especially.The raw material problem of motive power mainly this metal of these researchs.Be used for the coercive field strength (also referred to as coercive force) realized in described nanometer materials key mechanism based on, the crystallite size in described material can be adjusted under so-called single domain size.The single domain be combined with the large crystalline anisotropy of base material (2-14-1 phase) causes the remagnetization of material obviously more difficult, and cause the additive that can save heavy rare earth metal as much as possible, described heavy rare earth metal otherwise for improving coercive field strength and being added.Prepared due to usual the magnet be made up of these alloys by hot pressing, thus, be different from conventional sintered NdFeB magnet, total rare earth content can significantly reduce.Normal sintering with high rare earth surplus can cause grain growth in nano level powder, and makes hard magnetic properties worsen thus.Owing to lacking the Grain-Boundary Phase of rich rare earth in nano composite material, the basic role as the characteristic feature of sintered magnet also disappears certainly.At this, during sintering, define the nonmagnetic Grain-Boundary Phase of rich rare earth.The non-magnetic phase (particularly when liquid-phase sintering) except agglomeration of this rich neodymium between crystal grain also has the Nd to single hard magnetic
2fe
14the magnetic decoupling effect of B crystal grain.This has made conclusive contribution by the raising of described decoupling to coercive field strength.
Disclose the neodymium alloy containing such as Nd and Cu in " people such as Sepehri-Amin; ScriptaMaterialia63; 1124-1127 (2010) " in [1], wherein in powder metallurgy process, neodymium is introduced in material by mixing with the NdFeB powder through HDDR process.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the method preparing rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet, wherein said permanent magnet have than routine, coercive field strength that particularly the nanoscale permanent magnet of Nd-Fe-B base is higher, wherein the method should be able to be faster and more economically feasible to implement compared to prior art.
Described technical problem is solved by the method according to main claim and the corresponding rare-earth permanent magnet according to claim arranged side by side.
According to first aspect, propose the method preparing rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet comprised the following steps:
-preparation has the permanent magnet matrix of the hard magnetic nano composite material of rare earth based;
-on described permanent magnet matrix electrochemical deposition light rare earth material neodymium Nd;
-on the permanent magnet matrix being coated with neodymium Nd, carry out grain boundary decision (GrainBoundaryDiffusion) process.
By applying or deposit the magnetic material through coating that effectively should be able to improve described permanent magnet matrix.
According to second aspect, propose rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet, in its preparation process, neodymium Nd is electrochemically-deposited on the permanent magnet matrix containing rare earth, then carries out grain boundary decision process.
The deposition of neodymium can be carried out in different applications in different substrates.In the present invention, the deposition of neodymium on the permanent magnet of rare earth based is used to grain boundary decision subsequently, thus improves coercive field strength on the insignificant situation of magnetized impact.
Other favourable execution mode is protected in conjunction with dependent claims.
According to a favourable execution mode, described electrochemical deposition can be carried out in ionic liquid.The method for electrochemical deposition terbium in substrate or matrix is carried out in ionic liquid.
The execution mode favourable according to another, described ionic liquid can be free of water.The electrochemical deposition of metal is known and is used at industrial scale.
The execution mode favourable according to another item, described ionic liquid can comprise and is selected from tetraalkyl phosphorus (Tetralkylphosphonium), trialkyl sulphur (Trialkylsulfonium), tetra-allkylammonium root (Tetralkylammonium), 1,1-dialkyl pyrrolidinium (1,1-Dialkylpyrrolidinium), 1,3-dialkylimidazolium (1,3-Dialkyllimidazolium) and/or 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium (1,2,3-Trialkylimidazolium) cation.
The execution mode favourable according to another, described alkyl can have 1 ~ 14 carbon atom independently of one another.It has the wide electrochemical window of the conductivity of 1 ~ 200mS/cm, 4V ~ 6V and the thermal stability up to 400 DEG C.
The execution mode favourable according to another item, radicals R i (R1 to R4) is independently selectable, and comprise 1 ~ 20 carbon atom and comprise there is side chain or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl, assorted alkyl, oligo-ether substituting group, oligoester substituting group, oligomerization amide substituents and/or oligomerization acrylamide substituent.
The execution mode favourable according to another, the substituent structure of described oligo-ether is [-CH
2-CH
2-O-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10 and with H end-blocking.
The execution mode favourable according to another, the substituent structure of described oligoester is [-CH
2-CO-O-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10 and with H end-blocking.
The execution mode favourable according to another item, the structure of described oligomerization amide substituents (Oligoamid-Substituenten) is [-CO-NR-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10 and with H end-blocking, wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl (such as methyl).
Similarly, the structure of described oligomerization amide substituents is [-CO-NR-]
n, the structure of described oligomerization acrylamide substituent is [-CH
2-CHCONH
2-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10 and with H end-blocking.
If radicals R 1 to R4 (Ri) is selected from alkyl that is that have a side chain or unbranched C1 to C20, cycloalkyl, assorted alkyl, so described group also can have extra ether substituting group simultaneously, such as ethyoxyl, methoxyl group etc., ester group substituting group, amide substituents, carbonate group substituting group, nitrile substituent or halogenic substituent, and they can partially or completely be fluoridized especially.Basic structure is shown in Figure 2.
In order to meet above-mentioned condition, the suitable anion be combined with cation of the present invention is selected from perfluoroacetic acid root (Perfluoracetate), perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root (Perfluoralkylsuflonate), two (fluorosulfonyl) acid imide (Bis (fluorsulfonyl) imide), two (perfluoroalkyl group sulfonyl) acid imide (Bis (perfluoralkylsulfonyl) imide), three (perfluoroalkyl) trifluoro phosphate radical (Tris (perfluoralkyl) triflourphosphate), two (perfluoroalkyl) tetrafluoro phosphate radical (Bis (perfluoralkyl) tetrafluorphosphate), five (perfluoroalkyl) fluorophosphoric acid root (Penta (perluoralkyl) fluorphosphate), hexafluoro-phosphate radical (Hexafluorophosphate), three (perfluoroalkyl) methide (Tris (perfluoralkyl) methide), four cyano borate (Tetracyanoborate), perfluoroalkyl borate (Perfluoralkylborate), tetrafluoroborate (Tetrafluoroborate), and the borate anion of mixing.
If comprise more than one perfluoroalkyl in described anion, so these perfluoroalkyls can be independently different perfluoroalkyls separately.
According to method of the present invention, neodymium salt is dissolved in ionic liquid suitable as above.This can come by the anodic solution of metal in ionic liquid or by the anodic solution of suitable slaine in ionic liquid.
Suitable neodymium salt can be such as Nd (III) halide, neodymium (III) two (perfluoroalkyl group sulfonyl) acid imide (Neodym (III) bis (perfluoralkylsulfonyl) imide), alcoholization (Alkoholate) neodymium, perfluoroacetic acid neodymium, tetrafluoro boric acid neodymium, hexafluorophosphoric acid neodymium.
Preferably, water-free neodymium salt should be used and described neodymium salt is made up of identical with the anion of used ionic liquid or chemical similar anion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Come by reference to the accompanying drawings to describe in detail the present invention according to embodiment.Accompanying drawing shows:
Fig. 1 shows the embodiment of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 a-f shows the embodiment of cationic basic structure proposed by the invention;
Fig. 3 a-e shows the embodiment of the basic structure of anion proposed by the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the inventive method describes according to Fig. 1.The method relates to the preparation of rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet, and it has step S1: preparation has the permanent magnet matrix of rare earth; S2: electrochemical deposition rare earth material on described permanent magnet matrix, i.e. neodymium Nd; S3: carry out grain boundary decision process on the permanent magnet matrix being coated with neodymium.
When using by when solidifying the poor rare earth alloy prepared with crystalline state nanometer rapidly, the preferred embodiment with the permanent magnet matrix of rare earth is the nanoscale permanent magnet of Nd-Fe-B base.Should use and not contain or only contain the also feasible alloy of a small amount of heavy rare earth metal added.Especially, hard magnetic nano composite material effectively should be improved in coercive field strength.Compared to the permanent magnet of routine, described coercive field strength should effectively be increased.
According to the present invention, propose such method, use the method, nonmagnetic Grain-Boundary Phase can be endowed subsequently preferably by hot pressing or by hard magnetic nano composite material prepared by thermoforming (such as extruding (Strangpressen)).Also can prevent the exchange interaction between crystal grain by this way and improve coercive field strength thus in nano composite material.
Propose for this reason and be called as grain boundary decision or the similar heat treatment of grain boundary decision process (Korngrenzen-Diffusions-Prozess), the inside of magnet introduced by material by it along crystal boundary from outside.Then, described material preferably deposits along crystal boundary.Situation for poor neodymium crystal boundary should use described heat treatment to store neodymium.The method comprises and being first applied on magnet by Nd layer by means of electrolysis.Described Nd layer defines the diffuse source in heat treatment process subsequently.In this case, neodymium Nd enters inside along the grain boundary decision of magnet and makes nanocrystal decoupling.By this way, the coercive field strength of described magnet is improved, and does not need to add heavy rare earth element further.
In order to form thin Nd layer in substrate, those skilled in the art there will be a known some physics (namely sputtering) and chemical vapor deposition method, such as CVD or ALD.The shortcoming of described method is, for preparation concerning improving the necessary thick layer of magnetic (namely μm scope), during evaporation, compole is long.In addition, coating equipment to purchase and safeguard be extremely expensive.
The electrochemical deposition of metal early well known and industrial-scale ground use.Mainly aqueous medium is used, because the redox potential of metal that most of technology is correlated with is all in the electrochemical window of used water-bath in plating.Neodymium has the redox potential for-2.32 as rare earth element, and therefore its redox potential drops on outside the electrochemical window of water.Another avoids using the reason of aqueous medium to be substrate itself.The Nd-Fe-B magnet of thermoforming or hot pressing reacts very responsive to water, because they itself comprise the rare earth metal of high-load.When contacting with water, thulium oxidized and produce magnet is become fragile further and damages the hydrogen of magnet.Industrial from organic solution separating reaction element, such as aluminium.There is many serious fire already owing to using this volatile and inflammable organic solvent.This eliminates the use of this kind solvent.There will be a known from the electrochemical method of deposition terbium in high-temperature fusion salt (such as NaCl/KCl, the temperature at 700 DEG C) (see [2] people such as ", Electrochim.Acta, 92,349-355 (2013) " Yasuda).But high-temperature fusion salt has corrosive, and required operating temperature eliminates the use of numerous substrate or permanent magnet matrix.In addition, the high running cost also deposited potential safety hazard during operation and caused by high energy consumption.
Therefore, the present invention also based on, a kind of favorable method of the neodymium of electrochemical deposition is in anhydrous conditions provided.
Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of cationic basic structure proposed by the invention.Fig. 2 a shows imidazoles.Fig. 2 b shows pyridine (Pyridinium).Fig. 2 c shows pyrrolidines.Fig. 2 d shows ammonium ion.Fig. 2 e shows phosphorus.Fig. 2 f shows sulphur.
Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of the basic structure of anion proposed by the invention.Fig. 3 a shows trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid root (Trifluoromethane-Sulfonate).Fig. 3 b shows cdicynanmide (Dicyanamide).Fig. 3 c shows six alkyl phosphoric acid roots.Fig. 3 d shows two (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) acid imide (Bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide).Fig. 3 e shows tetrafluoroborate.
Claims (22)
1. prepare a method for rare-earth permanent magnet, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet, it comprises the following steps:
-preparation has the permanent magnet matrix (S1) of the hard magnetic nano composite material of rare earth based;
-on described permanent magnet matrix electrochemical deposition light rare earth material neodymium Nd (S2); And
-on the permanent magnet matrix being coated with Nd, carry out grain boundary decision process (S3).
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in ionic liquid, carry out described electrochemical deposition.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described ionic liquid is not moisture.
4. according to the method for Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the cation of described ionic liquid is selected from tetraalkyl phosphorus, trialkyl sulphur, tetra-allkylammonium root, 1,1-dialkyl pyrrolidinium, 1,3-dialkylimidazolium and/or 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described alkyl has 1 ~ 14 carbon atom independently of one another.
6. according to the method for claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, radicals R i is independently selectable, and comprise 1 ~ 20 carbon atom and comprise there is side chain or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl, assorted alkyl, oligo-ether, oligoester, oligomerization acid amides and/or oligomerization acrylamide.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the substituent structure of described oligo-ether is [-CH
2-CH
2-O-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10.
8. according to the method for claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, the substituent structure of described oligoester is [-CH
2-CO-O-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10.
9. according to the method for claim 6,7 or 8, it is characterized in that, the structure of described oligomerization amide substituents is [-CO-NR-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10.
10. according to the method for claim 6,7,8 or 9, it is characterized in that, the structure of described oligomerization acrylamide substituent is [-CH
2-CHCONH
2-]
n, wherein Integer n is 1 ~ 10.
11., according to the method for claim 6,7,8,9 or 10, is characterized in that, described in there is side chain or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl and/or assorted alkyl there is extra group.
12. methods according to claim 11, is characterized in that, described extra group comprises ethyoxyl, methoxyl group, ester group, amide groups, carbonate group and/or itrile group.
13., according to the method for one of claim 6 to 12, is characterized in that, described in there is side chain or unbranched alkyl, cycloalkyl and/or assorted alkyl partially or completely fluoridize.
14. according to the method for one of claim 2 to 13; it is characterized in that, the anion of described ionic liquid is selected from the borate ion of perfluoroacetic acid root, perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root, two (fluorosulfonyl) acid imide, two (perfluoroalkyl group sulfonyl) acid imide, three (perfluoroalkyl) trifluoro phosphate radical, two (perfluoroalkyl) tetrafluoro phosphate radical, five (perfluoroalkyl) fluorophosphoric acid root, hexafluoro-phosphate radical, three (perfluoroalkyl) methide, four cyano borate, perfluoroalkyl borate, tetrafluoroborate and/or mixing.
15. methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, if comprise more than one perfluoroalkyl in described anion, so described perfluoroalkyl can independently be selected separately.
16., according to the method for one of claim 2 to 15, is characterized in that, are dissolved in described ionic liquid by neodymium as neodymium salt.
17. methods according to claim 16, is characterized in that, the neodymium of anodic solution as metal or the neodymium from slaine.
18. according to the method for claim 16 or 17; it is characterized in that, described neodymium salt is selected from Nd (III) halide, neodymium (III) two (perfluoroalkyl group sulfonyl) acid imide, alcoholization neodymium, perfluoroacetic acid neodymium, tetrafluoro boric acid neodymium or hexafluorophosphoric acid neodymium.
19. according to the method for claim 16,17 or 18, and it is characterized in that, described neodymium salt is made up of identical with the anion of described ionic liquid or chemical similar anion.
20. methods according to claim 19, is characterized in that, use water-free neodymium salt.
21. 1 kinds of rare-earth permanent magnets, particularly high energy rare-earth permanent magnet, is characterized in that, is electrochemically-deposited in by neodymium Nd on the permanent magnet matrix containing rare earth, then carries out grain boundary decision process in its preparation process.
22. rare-earth permanent magnets according to claim 21, is characterized in that, described rare-earth permanent magnet prepares according to the method one of claim 1 to 20 Suo Shu.
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| CN112614684A (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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