CN105426312A - Test suite generation method and device for smoke tests - Google Patents
Test suite generation method and device for smoke tests Download PDFInfo
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- CN105426312A CN105426312A CN201511031282.2A CN201511031282A CN105426312A CN 105426312 A CN105426312 A CN 105426312A CN 201511031282 A CN201511031282 A CN 201511031282A CN 105426312 A CN105426312 A CN 105426312A
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3668—Software testing
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- G06F11/3684—Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases
Abstract
The invention discloses a test suite generation method and device for smoke tests. The method is used for acquiring the test requirements of a target to be tested, and simply processing the test requirements, so that the range, to be covered by the test suite of the smoke tests, of the test requirements is reduced, and the minimality of the test suite of the smoke tests is guaranteed from the source. Moreover, during tests of high-priority basic functional requirements of the test requirements, a corresponding test method is selected for each basic functional requirement, and a corresponding test suite is generated according to the selected test method. Compared with the prior art, the corresponding test method can be selected according to the specificity of the test requirements of the target to be tested, and the test suite corresponding to the test method is generated, so that interference of anthropic factors is avoided; moreover, during generation of the test suite, the minimality of the test suite of the smoke tests is guaranteed, so that the efficiency of the smoke tests is improved.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to software testing technology field, more particularly, relates to a kind of smoke test set of uses case and generates method and apparatus.
Background technology
Whether the one of smoke test is defined as: realize from the basic function of abstraction hierarchy verifying software, determines whether to need more test.In software test procedure, in order to avoid test failure, first smoke test can be carried out, confirm whether the basic function of measurand is all implemented, then carry out follow-up test work, if smoke test failure, then no longer carry out other tests, directly return research staff.Research staff, before submission version, also first can carry out smoke test, by submitting formal version again to afterwards.
Rationally carry out smoke test, test round can be reduced, reduce doing over again in R&D process.Smoke test is generally to limited time system, need to complete within the time short as far as possible, this also means and can not carry out comprehensively careful test as formal software test, particularly for configuration item test and system testing, demand point is many, and test case number is relatively huge, owing to seldom there being general testing tool, great majority also need manual testing, and this adopts certain Method and Technology to design smoke test use-case with regard to needing us.
The existing smoke test use-case for configuration item test and system testing does not generally design separately, there is no concrete principle of design and standard, directly from the software test case storehouse of correspondence, extract some Basic function testing use-cases, its randomness is larger, thus likely can miss some function points should should tested in smoke test, cause problem just to expose in follow-up test; Also likely smoke test set of uses case can be expanded, cause smoke test workload large, and cause existing with follow-up test job too much repetition, reduce the efficiency of smoke test.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the application provides a kind of generation method and apparatus of smoke test set of uses case, to improve the efficiency of smoke test.
To achieve these goals, the existing scheme proposed is as follows:
A generation method for smoke test set of uses case, comprising:
Obtain the testing requirement of measurand;
According to the incidence relation of each testing requirement, carry out yojan operation to each testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection, wherein said yojan operation comprises deletion action, union operation and categorizing operation;
Identify the basic function sexual demand of the high priority that described testing requirement is concentrated;
According to the corresponding relation of basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determine the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority;
According to the use-case set creation method preset, generate the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, the corresponding different use-case set creation method of wherein different method of testings.
Preferably, described method of testing comprises: equivalence class classifying method, state transition method, cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method, Scenario Design method.
Preferably, when described method of testing is equivalence class classifying method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Choose in described equivalence class classifying method the effective equivalence class input can covering all inputs;
Generate and input corresponding test use cases with described effective equivalence class.
Preferably, when described method of testing is state transition method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Determine the state transition graph of measurand;
According to described state transition graph, determine measurand from initial state to the mulitpath of any done state, until cover described state;
Generate the test case corresponding with described path, wherein the corresponding test case of each paths.
Preferably, when described method of testing be cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method time, described according to preset use-case set creation method, generate the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
According to the input and output of tested correspondence, generate combinations of states decision table;
Select in described combinations of states decision table, to cover each input really and the real smallest group intersection exported;
Generate the test use cases corresponding with described combination of sets, wherein the corresponding test case of each combination.
Preferably, when described method of testing is Scenario Design method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Determine the basic stream formed in the test of described Scenario Design method;
The scene generating test use case collection corresponding according to each described basic stream.
A generating apparatus for smoke test set of uses case, comprising:
Information acquisition unit, for obtaining the testing requirement of measurand;
Testing requirement pretreatment unit, for the incidence relation according to described testing requirement, carries out yojan operation to described testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection, and wherein said yojan operation comprises deletion action, union operation and categorizing operation;
Recognition unit, for the basic function sexual demand of the high priority that described testing requirement is concentrated;
Method of testing determining unit, for the corresponding relation according to basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determines the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority;
Set of uses case generation unit, for according to the use-case set creation method preset, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, the corresponding different use-case set creation method of wherein different method of testings.
Preferably, described set of uses case generation unit comprises:
First set of uses case generation module, for based on equivalence class classifying method generating test use case collection;
Second set of uses case generation module, for based on state transition method generating test use case collection;
3rd set of uses case generation module, for based on cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method generating test use case collection;
4th set of uses case generation module, for based on Scenario Design method generating test use case collection.
Preferably, described first set of uses case generation module comprises:
Submodule is chosen in effective equivalence input, for choosing in described equivalence class classifying method the effective equivalence class input can covering all inputs;
First test use cases generates submodule, inputs corresponding test use cases for generating with described effective equivalence class.
Preferably, described second set of uses case generation module comprises:
State transition graph determination submodule, for determining the state transition graph of measurand;
State path chooses submodule, for according to described state transition graph, determines measurand from initial state to the mulitpath of any done state, until cover described state;
Second test use cases generates submodule, for generating the test case corresponding with described path, and the wherein corresponding test case of each paths.
Through as shown from the above technical solution, this application discloses a kind of generation method and apparatus of smoke test set of uses case.The method obtains the testing requirement of measurand, and carries out yojan process to testing requirement, reduces the scope that smoke test use-case needs the testing requirement covered, ensure that minimizing of test use cases from source.In addition, this method when the basic function sexual demand of high priority is tested in testing requirement, is selected the method for testing corresponding with this basic function sexual demand, and is generated corresponding test use cases according to the method for testing chosen.Compared with prior art, the present invention can choose corresponding method of testing in conjunction with the feature of the testing requirement of measurand, and then generate the test use cases corresponding to method of testing, avoid the interference of human factor, simultaneously when Test cases technology, ensure that minimizing of test use cases, thus improve the efficiency of smoke test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to the accompanying drawing provided.
Fig. 1 shows the schematic flow sheet of the generation method of a kind of smoke test set of uses case disclosed in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows a kind of combinations of states decision table;
Fig. 3 shows a kind of scene graph of Scenario Design method;
Fig. 4 shows the structural representation of the generating apparatus of a kind of smoke test set of uses case disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the structured flowchart of a kind of set of uses case generation unit disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The schematic flow sheet of the generation method of a kind of smoke test set of uses case disclosed in one embodiment of the invention is shown see Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the method comprises:
S11: the testing requirement obtaining measurand.
It should be noted that, for configuration item test and system testing, the acquisition of testing requirement is according to software test requirement description.
S12: according to the incidence relation of each testing requirement, carries out yojan operation to each testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection.
Wherein, after the testing requirement obtaining measurand, analyze the incidence relation of each testing requirement, by methods such as deletion, merging, classification, yojan is carried out to testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection.
It should be noted that, in this step testing requirement is carried out yojan and form testing requirement collection, reduce the scope that smoke test use-case needs the testing requirement covered, ensure minimizing of test use cases from source.
S13: the basic function sexual demand identifying the high priority that described testing requirement is concentrated.
It should be noted that, smoke test is the test to measurand basic function sexual demand.Thus the basic function sexual demand to testing requirement is concentrated is needed to identify, and then in order to save the high basic function sexual demand of test duration selection priority as test point.
S14: according to the corresponding relation of basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determine the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority.
Optionally, in configuration item test and system testing, usually Black-box Testing method is adopted.Main Black-box Testing method has equivalence class classifying method, state transition method, cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method, Scenario Design method etc.
Needing the feature in conjunction with testing requirement when selecting method of testing, selecting the method for testing corresponding with testing requirement.
S15: according to the use-case set creation method preset, generate the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing.
Optionally, the present invention is directed to above-mentioned four kinds of conventional Black-box Testing methods, propose principle of design and the generation method of concrete smoke test set of uses case respectively, its concrete generative process is as follows:
1) equivalence class classifying method:
The key point of equivalence class partition analyzes the input domain of demand point, input range is divided into effective equivalence class and invalid equivalence class; According to the principle of " the covering basic function " of smoke test case designing, during design smoke test use-case, only need select the input of effective equivalence class, and cover all inputs.
As testing requirement is: when input parameter is A, B (now parameter C, D are invalid), Output rusults is A+B; When input parameter is C, D (now parameter A, B are invalid), Output rusults is C-D, and wherein A, B, C, D are respectively four different input parameters, and have different effective class values and invalid class value respectively; According to smoke test case designing Principles and ways, only two use-cases need be designed:
Parameter A selects arbitrarily an effective class A1, and parameter B selects arbitrarily an effective class B1, and corresponding output is OUT1=A1+B1;
Parameter C selects arbitrarily an effective class C1, and parameter D selects arbitrarily an effective class D1, and corresponding output is OUT2=C1-D1.
2) state transition method:
State transition method can well verify the relation between measurand state and State Transferring, and whether software or system make correct response action to incoming event, principle during design smoke test use-case finds one or more path to cover all states, and concrete method is:
Draw the state transition graph of system;
From initial state, find a done state to form a paths, the state comprised in system as much as possible in this path, in this way successively selecting paths until cover all states;
The corresponding smoke test use-case of each paths.
3) cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method:
Cause-and-effect diagram can show the mutual relationship between measurand initial conditions (reason) and output action (result) intuitively, and method and the principle of design smoke test use-case are as follows:
A, analyze all possible input and possible output;
B, find out corresponding relation between constrained input;
C, draw cause-and-effect diagram;
D, cause-and-effect diagram is converted to decision table;
E, analyze result corresponding to each state, and according to restriction relation, remove the state that can not occur, decision table is further simplified simultaneously, form effective combinations of states decision table.
In conjunction with effective combinations of states decision table, in each conditional combination, select minimum combination of sets to cover each " reason " and get true value and each " result " gets true value.During design smoke test use-case, one first can be selected to combine covering as much as possible " reason " and to get true value and " result " gets true value, according to said method select combination successively until cover all " reason " to get true value and " result " gets true value, the corresponding smoke test use-case of each combination.
A kind of combinations of states decision table is shown see Fig. 2.According to the method for smoke test case designing, first select the 4th group of combination (CASE1), cover In2 at most, In3, Out1 get the situation of true value; And then select the 5th group to combine (CASE2), cover In1 at most, Out3 gets the situation of true value; Last select a combination to cover again situation that Out2 gets true value can meet coverage requirement, combination 1 or combination 2 can be selected as CASE3.So far, the test case be combined to form by three is a smoke test set of uses case.
4) Scenario Design method:
Present software or system major part trigger control flow by event, sight when event triggers just defines scene, the trigger sequence that same event is different and result define flow of event, flow of event is divided into basic stream and alternative flows, sees that Fig. 3 shows a kind of scene graph of Scenario Design method.During design smoke test use-case, cover software or all of system flow substantially, each scene substantially flowing correspondence is a smoke test use-case.
As seen from the above embodiment, this application discloses a kind of generation method of smoke test set of uses case.The method has the following advantages:
1, testing requirement is carried out yojan and form smoke test demand collection, reduce the scope that smoke test use-case needs the testing requirement covered, ensure minimizing of test use cases from source.
2, for Black-box Testing method conventional in configuration item test and system testing, give concrete design principle and method, cover on the basis of software or system basic functions in guarantee 100%, also can ensure that test case number is minimum.
3, the test use cases generated is determined, not only Test Engineer can design high-quality smoke test use-case, research and development engineers design also can be allowed to go out rationally effective smoke test use-case, thus meet the smoke test process requirements in research and development and test.
4, this smoke test set of uses case method for designing, has the feature of simple and fast, and need not rely on follow-up software test case.The smoke test set of uses case according to said method designed, can provide reference for follow-up software test case, carries out supplementary and perfect on this basis, is formed and cover more fully test case to testing requirement.
The structural representation of the generating apparatus of a kind of smoke test set of uses case disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention is shown see Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 4, this device comprises: information acquisition unit 1, testing requirement pretreatment unit 2, recognition unit 3, method of testing determining unit 4 and set of uses case generation unit 5.
Wherein, the testing requirement of acquisition for obtaining the testing requirement of measurand, and is sent to testing requirement pretreatment unit by information acquisition unit.
Testing requirement pretreatment unit receives the testing requirement that information acquisition unit obtains, and then according to the incidence relation of each testing requirement, carries out yojan operation to each testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection.Wherein, described yojan operation comprises deletion action, union operation and categorizing operation.
Recognition unit concentrates basic function sexual demand to identify to described testing requirement, and with reference to the priority that exploitation needs, from basic function sexual demand, choose priority is high basic function sexual demand.
And then method of testing determining unit, according to the corresponding relation of basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determines the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority.
Set of uses case generation unit, according to the use-case set creation method preset, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, the corresponding different use-case set creation method of wherein different method of testings.
Optionally, propose different set of uses case of smoldering and generate Principles and ways the present invention is directed to different Black-box Testing methods.The structured flowchart of a kind of set of uses case generation unit disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention is shown see Fig. 5.
This set of uses case generation unit 5 specifically comprises: the first set of uses case generation module 51, second set of uses case generation module 52, the 3rd set of uses case generation module 53 and the 4th set of uses case generation module 54.
Wherein, the first set of uses case generation module, for based on equivalence class classifying method generating test use case collection.
Optionally, this first set of uses case generation module specifically comprises the input of effective equivalence class and chooses submodule and the first test use cases and generate submodule.Wherein, effective equivalence class input chooses submodule for choosing in described equivalence class classifying method the effective equivalence class input can covering all inputs; First test use cases generation module, inputs corresponding test use cases for generating with described effective equivalence class.
Second set of uses case generation module, for based on state transition method generating test use case collection.
Optionally, this second set of uses case generation unit comprises: state transition graph determination submodule, state path choose submodule and the second test use cases generates submodule.Wherein, state transition graph determination submodule is for determining the state transition graph of measurand; State path chooses submodule, for according to described state transition graph, determines measurand from initial state to the mulitpath of any done state, until cover described state; Second test use cases generates submodule, for generating the test case corresponding with described path, and the wherein corresponding test case of each paths.
3rd set of uses case generation module, for based on cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method generating test use case collection.
4th set of uses case generation module, for based on Scenario Design method generating test use case collection.
It should be noted that said apparatus embodiment is corresponding with embodiment of the method, its implementation is identical with execution principle, and therefore not to repeat here.
Finally, also it should be noted that, in this article, the such as relational terms of first and second grades and so on is only used for an entity or operation to separate with another entity or operational zone, and not necessarily requires or imply the relation that there is any this reality between these entities or operation or sequentially.And, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment comprising described key element and also there is other identical element.
In this instructions, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a generation method for smoke test set of uses case, is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the testing requirement of measurand;
According to the incidence relation of described testing requirement, carry out yojan operation to described testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection, wherein said yojan operation comprises deletion action, union operation and categorizing operation;
Identify the basic function sexual demand of the high priority that described testing requirement is concentrated;
According to the corresponding relation of basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determine the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority;
According to the use-case set creation method preset, generate the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, the corresponding different use-case set creation method of wherein different method of testings.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method of testing comprises: equivalence class classifying method, state transition method, cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method, Scenario Design method.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described method of testing is equivalence class classifying method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Choose in described equivalence class classifying method the effective equivalence class input can covering all inputs;
Generate and input corresponding test use cases with described effective equivalence class.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described method of testing is state transition method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Determine the state transition graph of measurand;
According to described state transition graph, determine measurand from initial state to the mulitpath of any done state, until cover described state;
Generate the test case corresponding with described path, wherein the corresponding test case of each paths.
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described method of testing be cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method time, described according to preset use-case set creation method, generate the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
According to the input and output of tested correspondence, generate combinations of states decision table;
Select in described combinations of states decision table, to cover each input really and the real smallest group intersection exported;
Generate the test use cases corresponding with described combination of sets, wherein the corresponding test case of each combination.
6. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, when described method of testing is Scenario Design method, the described use-case set creation method according to presetting, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, comprising:
Determine the basic stream formed in the test of described Scenario Design method;
The scene generating test use case collection corresponding according to each described basic stream.
7. a generating apparatus for smoke test set of uses case, is characterized in that, comprising:
Information acquisition unit, for obtaining the testing requirement of measurand;
Testing requirement pretreatment unit, for the incidence relation according to described testing requirement, carries out yojan operation to described testing requirement, composition testing requirement collection, and wherein said yojan operation comprises deletion action, union operation and categorizing operation;
Recognition unit, for the basic function sexual demand of the high priority that described testing requirement is concentrated;
Method of testing determining unit, for the corresponding relation according to basic function sexual demand and method of testing, determines the method for testing of the basic function sexual demand of testing described high priority;
Set of uses case generation unit, for according to the use-case set creation method preset, generates the set of uses case corresponding with described method of testing, the corresponding different use-case set creation method of wherein different method of testings.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described set of uses case generation unit comprises:
First set of uses case generation module, for based on equivalence class classifying method generating test use case collection;
Second set of uses case generation module, for based on state transition method generating test use case collection;
3rd set of uses case generation module, for based on cause-and-effect diagram and decision table method generating test use case collection;
4th set of uses case generation module, for based on Scenario Design method generating test use case collection.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described first set of uses case generation module comprises:
Submodule is chosen in effective equivalence class input, for choosing in described equivalence class classifying method the effective equivalence class input can covering all inputs;
First test use cases generates submodule, inputs corresponding test use cases for generating with described effective equivalence class.
10. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described second set of uses case generation module comprises:
State transition graph determination submodule, for determining the state transition graph of measurand;
State path chooses submodule, for according to described state transition graph, determines measurand from initial state to the mulitpath of any done state, until cover described state;
Second test use cases generates submodule, for generating the test case corresponding with described path, and the wherein corresponding test case of each paths.
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| CN107741912A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-27 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus simplified to test case, equipment and storage medium |
| CN108920382A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-30 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | Method for generating test case, device, storage medium and server |
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| CN109669436A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-23 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | A kind of method for generating test case and device of the functional requirement based on electric car |
| CN109669436B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-04-13 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Test case generation method and device based on functional requirements of electric automobile |
| CN110888803A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-17 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Method and system for converting test decision table into test case |
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